全新版大学英语阅读教程4答案(上外)

Keys to College English Reading Course

Book 4

Unit 1

Storm Chasers

I. DCAB

II. 1. 但是新墨西哥州东北部地区地势较高，具有形成旋转式暴风雨的一切地理特征，这种暴风雨被称作“超级暴风雨”，它有可能最终形成最强劲的龙卷风。

2. 能行驶的道路非常有限，地形以山为主，山脉阻挡了雷达的扫描，这给我们追踪正在形成的风暴带来了困难。

3. 但这一切已毫无意义，我们一直监视风暴不停地旋转，最终却没有形成龙卷风。因此，我们没有获得任何科学数据，看到的却是美丽壮观的风暴逐渐地消失在地平线上。

4. 在形成龙卷风的条件已经成熟的那几天里，可能会有多股强劲的风暴可以成为追逐的目标，最终决定追逐哪一股风暴有时纯属偶然。

Reading-skill exercises

Extract 1

1.“yet”and “but”, showing contrast; “for”, indicating a reason; “in addition to”, additive;

“indeed”, restating an assertion.

2.All of them make the paragraph highly cohesive.

Extract 2.

CB

The Nature of Man

I.CDDA

II. 1. 他回忆到，他很小的时候夜间常常躺在床上，想象生命会怎样终结、什么是虚无、为什么死亡是无法改变的。

2.随着美国进一步走向多民族化，对人的本性产生了新的认识，进而影响到我们原有

的个人观点。

3.我们对涉及人类本性的问题的回答，在很大程度上影响到我们对子女的教育方式，

以及对犯罪、贫困等社会问题的处理方式。

4.即使是弗洛伊德也相信：为了平衡其（动物）本能和文明社会的要求，人类能超越

其纯动物性的存在。

5.如果我们能够意识到，人类没有道德选择的自由，需要的是设计者来创造一个完美

的环境规范人的行为，那么，我们就能创造一个完美的社会。在《沃尔等第二》一书中，斯金纳对此进行了描述。

Dad

I.CDAA

II. 1. 他当时33岁，我4岁，他有力的大手一把握住我细小的双臂，轻而易举地把握扛上肩头，使我能居高临下地看到我想看到的一切。

2. 但是，对一个生活在二战后的小男孩来说，父亲就像一个具有神秘力量和威力

的神，超乎凡人之上，无所不能，无所不知。

3. 每天晚上他下班回来以后，我们都会练习握手。戴着克利夫兰印第安球队的旧

帽子的我，蹒跚地跑向身材高大的父亲，一遍又一遍地同他握手，直到能够握得很紧。

4. 第二年。我的狗被卡车压死，我感到悲痛难忍。这时，父亲来到我身边，用他

有力的双臂抱着我，陪我一起流泪，告诉我生与死都是自然规律。但是，我总是不明白，一辆超速行驶的汽车没能及时刹车怎么也能算是自然而然的事。

Unit 2

Intelligent Transport System

I. ACBC

II. 1. 自己开车可以使你以合适的速度和合适的时间，完全在你的掌控之下从起点到达终点。不幸的是，机动车自身会排放污染物，此外，如此多的人似乎都想享受开车带来的自由，这会造成严重交通堵塞，而且需要一些交通监控设备。

2. 人们曾经尝试过多种解决途径，包括提高机动车道使用率、斜面测量、道路拓宽等，遗憾的是，所有这些都无法解决道路容量不足的问题。

3. 这些分开使用的车道可以提供快捷而又安全的交通，因此可以由各城市投向市场，向外发售，获得源源不断的收入，用以增加公路设施。

4. 如果所有这些都得以实施，就可以按需求完成个人或团体的运载任务，机动车从一个地方自行开往另一个地方，而无需再马路交叉口停车、在高速公路上遇到交通堵塞或中途迷路。

The Age Requirement for Teen Drivers

I. CBCA

II. 1. 从理论上来说，青少年们到15岁就可以申请学习驾照，而按照新的申请程序，也不过是在多加六个月，他们就可以拿到正式驾照。

2. 然而，在拿到学习驾照之前，这些青少年必须完成驾驶员学习课程。由于很多学校不能为15岁以下的学生提供这样的课程，因此，结果只能将他们获得正式驾照的时间往后推；在很的情况下，青少年年满或即将年满17岁时才取得正式驾驶员资格。

3. 那些孩子们现在正面临着坐牢的命运，同样重要的是，他们不得不面对这样的一个事实：他们的恶作剧导致一个无辜者的死亡。

4. 这一举措使得青少年们在获准独自驾车之前能有机会在父母的指导下练习驾车技术。

5. 但是，这些孩子的命运将掌握在像其父母一样经验丰富的驾驶员手中，而不是掌握在一个毫无经验、易出事故的青少年驾驶员手中，对此，父母们应该感到欣慰。

The Next Society

I. ACAD

II. 1 但他们（政治家们）不清楚的是：越来越多的老人，比如50岁以上的人，将不会像以前的全职雇员那样从上午9点工作到下午5点，他们将以各种全新的方式----如作为临时工、兼职人员、特殊事务顾问等----加入到劳动力队伍中。

2. 信息技术虽然只是未来社会的诸多新特征之一，但它已经产生了重大作用：使知识得以快速传播，送到每个人手上。

3．在20世纪，制造业中的非技术性体力劳动者是主要的社会和政治力量，而在未来几十年中，知识技术人才将成为社会的----也许也是政治上的----主要力量。

4. 在未来的大公司里，尤其是跨国公司里，高层管理者面临的最重要任务之一，是平衡两方面相互矛盾的经营需要，一是公司短期和长期的经营业绩的需要，二是公司的各种关系----如顾客、股东、知识型雇员以及社区等的要求。

Unit 3

How to take a job interview

I. DACA

II. 1. 他处于公司无形的控制之下，而且如果他对得起自己的薪水的话，那么他虽然人在外奔波，心里装的却是公司总部。

2. 比如，要是你以为由于面试是在校园里进行，招聘人员就期望你的举止打扮像个学生，那你会大吃一惊的。

3. 招聘人员在大约轮到你面试5—10分钟前，先打发走你之前的求职者，就如何处置他/她几下几点看法，然后他拿起你的简历或资料（这是你事先提交的）。。。。。。

4. 如果你从他身边无精打采地走过，像个动辄就要打架的大汉，他是不会对你有好印象的。他会认为你在工作中可能也是这样懒散。

Who needs a diploma?

I. BCAC

II. 1. 开车上下班是丹作为电脑网络工程师的新生活中已经学会忍受的小烦恼之一，但它显然不像在衣阿华零度以下的冬天里走一英里路去上学那样令人沮丧。

2. 也许斯滕伯格的悲观看法是可以谅解的：在美国，25岁的中学退学男生平均一年挣不到25,000美元。而他们那些有中学毕业文凭的同学只挣约31,000美元，相当于有工程学位的大学毕业生的起点工资。

3. 不过，作为丹的母亲，爱丽斯·哈曼斯说退学并不能保证有好工作，“你不可能不劳而获。丹尼尔掌握了很多知识后才开始工作的。”

4. 他们是信息时代的第一代公民，不是改行过来的人。他们天生就熟悉其语言和方法。

A Path of one’s own

I. BBCC

II. 1. 他以自己自信的举止、考虑周全的行为以及高大强壮的体魄为人所知并受人尊重。2. 虽然白狗餐馆是一家买卖----有自身的经营任务、效益目标、一百多名雇员及四百万的年营业额----但它保持着一种乐趣。

3. 《卡斯科湾周报》一下子发表了好几则重要的新闻报道，报纸发展得很快。

4. 我有一份梦想中的工作，因为我开始时只有应付某一题材的知识，但我一边干一边学了很多东西。

Unit 4

Crickets

I. CCAD

II. 1. 在这个国家，我的身材跟女人差不多，而这些美国男人则个个魁梧高大。虽然英语是他们的母语，可他们即使相互谈话时也说的慢条斯理。

2. 我不想对他这种男孩子气冲动过于严厉，因为我自己小时候也发现这种冲动能给人带来满足，更何况我就要与他一起做一件我在孩提时代做过的事。

3. 原来，我儿子就像任何一个十岁孩子一样，沉迷于周六上午卡通片里超级英雄和各种高科技形式的善与恶的大冲突中。

4. “哦，不！”我儿子使劲地喊了起来。一瞬间我还以为他读懂了我的心思，理解了我的感受。可当我抬头看他时，他正指着他那白色的旅游鞋的鞋头处。

The Lesson

I. BCBD

II. 1. 我为父母的决定而自豪，并将此作为证据嘲弄我兄弟们，声称我是家中最聪明的孩子，

在学习上比他们有出息。

2. 我们都看过电视里的新闻报道，看到警察穿着防爆服护送黑人学生穿过充满敌意、嘲笑的人群去各地的白人中学和大学。但不知什么原因，我父母觉得不必为迈普中学的情况担忧。

3. 每天乘汽车回家带给我的是另一种恐惧。通常有一帮白人男孩，他们上校车的唯一目的似乎就是为了寻衅打架。我对他们害怕得要死。

4. 我很嫉妒他们，因为我拿不出我在迈普中学有乐趣的故事来与他们的故事相比。我品味着平时晚上在家的每一分钟，然后用周末的时间来鼓起勇气，重新面对迈普中学。

5. 发生在我身上的一切与过去教给我的是非观念真是有着天壤之别。在去迈普中学上学之前，我对某个人曾有过的怨恨只是他的某种做法的罪过我。

The truth about the environment

I. BBAB

II. 1.有一种污染----造成全球气候变暖的温室气体的释放，似乎确实是一种长期现象，但其整个影响未必会对人类的未来产生灾难性的后果。

2. 马尔萨斯声称，人口如果不受抑制就会成几何级数地增长，而通过开辟新的耕地，粮食产量只能呈线性增长。

3. 有充分的理由相信，所有发达国家的情况都是如此。而且，虽然空气污染在许多发展中国家日趋严重，但它们只是在重走那些工业化国家的发展道路。

4. 当然，理性的环境管理和环境投资都是可取的，但应该将这些投资的成本和收益，同人类在其他重要领域所做的投资的成本和收益相比较。

Unit 5

The story of an hour

I. DACBC

II. 1. 因为知道马拉德夫人患有心脏病，在告知她丈夫的死讯时要特别小心，语气尽量委婉。

2. 许多妇女听到类似的消息会全然不知所措，无法接受这种打击，但她却没有如此。

3. 一种疲倦感传遍了全身，使她瘫坐到扶手椅上，这种疲倦感似乎触及到她的灵魂。

4. 她开始辨认出那种正在逼近并意在控制她的东西，极力想用自己的意志力击退它，但却发现自己像自己纤细白皙的双手一样孱弱无力。

5. 男人和女人都认为自己有权将个人意志强加给对方，但是再也不会有这样的强权意志能不断盲目地压制于她。

Thanks, Mr. Reagan, for the Recession

I. BCCAD

II. 1. 然后，经济衰退到来了，孩子出生了，我们的生活走入了背运阶段，随后汽车和家用电器修理费用以及看病的费用就成了问题。

2. 艰苦的日子也给我们上了很有价值的一课：物质财富不能给人幸福。我们虽然都会机械地背诵这样的箴言，但却很少有人真正相信它。

3. 他们也偶尔到朋友家看电视，当看到某人被打脸的场景时，他们会感到惊恐，对这样的残忍和暴力感到恐惧。

4. 这些做法给了我灵感，使我写出了最早的几篇文章，文章在杂志上登载，圆了我想成为自由撰稿人的梦。我认为，选择用无限的资金购买厨房用具这样的题目写成作文，发表起来会更难一点。

The Discovery of a Father

I. BACD

II. 1. 常听人说，父亲希望儿子成为他们感到自己成不了的那种人，但是，在我看来，反之也是一样。

2. 为了保护母亲，我会编造一些故事，我会想象母亲是秘密结婚，不知道什么原因一直没有公开。就好像有某个人，比如说某个铁路公司的总裁，或一名国会议员，娶了我的母亲，他本以为自己的妻子死了，结果证明她还活着。

3. 有时候父亲仰泳，这时他用他的大手握着我的手，将它放到他的肩膀上，让我搂着他。

4. 我偶然能看到他的脸，然后是又一片黑暗，风雨交加。我心中油然而生一种从没有过的感觉。

5. 我似乎突然清醒了，脱离了那个小学生的世界，不再为父亲感到羞耻了。

Unit 6

Artificial Intelligence

I. ADBCA

II. 1. 在分析和模拟你的大脑的每一个区域时，你可以通过一个按键，使刚刚复制的大脑区域和摹本交替显示，以确定摹本的精确度。

2. 莫洛维克的想法是一劳永逸地办理完人寿保险：大脑的内容一旦被拷贝下来，就可以很容易地被制成多个备份件，这些备份件可以储藏于世界各地，使你能够进行各式冒险活动，而不用担心自己会变老或死亡。

3. 在卡内基----梅隆大学、麻省理工学院、斯坦福大学和日本，我同那里的研究者进行了交谈，虽然他们中有些人认为下载（心智）还需要好几代的时间，但是有些人却认为通过机器人来实现永生的做法即将成为现实，这种做法似乎受着人们长生不老的内心愿望的驱使。

4. 西里斯的串联机器不像其他计算机一样有一个强劲的中央处理器，它是由64,000个小处理器组成的网络，在原理上----虽然不是在尺寸上，相当于大脑的400亿个神经元处理单元组成的网络。

5. 像其他人一样，我也喜欢自己的身体，但是，如果让我在下载进入电脑并且还能思维与死亡之间选择，我肯定选择能思维，即使这台电脑被置于房间内的某个角落。

The Use of Force

I. ABDCB

II. 1. 在这种情况下，他们通常只告诉我一些必要的信息，而应该由我来告诉他们更多的信息，这就是他们花三美元请我来的原因。

2. 原来，在当时的那个月份，在这个孩子上学的那个学校里有些孩子染上了白喉，显然，我们都想到了孩子染上白喉的可能性，但谁都没有提及此事。

3. 在其后的争斗中，他们变得越来越可鄙，感到更加颓丧、疲倦，而她近乎疯狂的愤怒当然也与日俱增，对我的恐惧使她竭力反抗。

4. 她的父亲竭尽了全力，他块头很大，但是，这毕竟是他的女儿，他对她的行为感到羞愧，然而又怕伤着她，这使得他就在我几乎成功的关键时刻松开了手。我真想宰了他。

5. 但是，他又害怕她可能染上了白喉，于是又告诉我接着来，虽然他自己都快要晕过去了，而她的母亲则在我们后面走来走去，不时地举起手臂又放下来，忧虑和痛苦之情溢于言表。

Warning: This is a Rights-free Workplace

I. ABDBC

II. 1. 随着美国一边倒的阶级斗争进入最新阶段，雇主们着手监视雇员的工作行为，包括每次使用计算机或工作时间抽空上厕所这样的小事，甚至刺探他们的私事和休闲活动。

2. 从对低收入阶层最近进行的一系列新闻调查中，我吃惊地发现：管理者经常把雇员之间最无害的交谈看作是具有潜在煽动作用的活动。

3. 你也不可能指望自己的基因不为人所知，越来越多的雇主现在使用基因测试方法，将那些携带有缺陷的基因，可能导致昂贵医疗费用的疾病----如亨廷顿疾病----的工作申请者排斥出去。

4. 根据战后的社会契约原则，就业意味着直接用工作换取工资，但是，工作场所这些欺压雇员的做法，标志着远远背离了这一原则。

5. 但是，从短期来看，工人的流动性----加之工会的软弱----意味着：对于（雇主）专横的权势，在工作场所几乎或根本不存在任何持续的抗衡力。

Unit 7

“I Ended Up in the Right Place”

I. DBDB

II. 1. 他对她一无所知，只知道首先是因为她，他才看到第二架飞机在一街区外撞穿南塔楼时没有转身逃跑，是因为她，当数十名满身灰尘的男男女女从他身边跑过时，他却朝世贸中心跑去。

2. 他们俩有着共同的强烈信仰，都有歌唱方面的天赋和爱好，都十分喜欢白玫瑰，他们在过生日和特殊场合都是互送白玫瑰。

3. 当一个与你如此亲近的人在那天死去，你知道了自己本可能在那儿却实际上没在那儿，这不会使你心里感觉舒服些。

4. 他开始是作为一个感恩节宴会的志愿协调员，后来有组织了一次为世贸中心灾难影响的数百名儿童举行的玩具免费赠送活动，最后受雇成为全职的助理社工，帮助那些因恐怖袭击而失去工作和亲人的人。

Keeping the Net Secure

I. CDCB

II. 1. 但是尽管尽了很大努力保持它们的正常运作，但在9.11事件的超常压力下，纽约地区和华盛顿特区的传统语音电信系统----有线的和无线的----都承受着过重的负荷。

2. 就好比超高速公路的一条车道只容许一辆车通行，这条线路即使此刻无人在说话也专用于通话。

3. 从9.11事件得出的一个教训是：为了能在任何灾难面前保持一个有效的通讯系统，我们应该讲英特网作为一个重要网络加以促进和保护，鼓励私有部门并利用公有部门的资源使其更快速、更可靠、更普遍、更好地与其他媒体结合。

4. 恐怖分子虽然没有将我们的通讯网络作为直接攻击的目标，但这些网络是他们攻击的民主资本主义体制的不可分割的一部分。

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I. DACC

II. 1. 在那段令人兴奋的战后日子里，由于美元的强劲，在国内住不起豪华酒店、吃不起昂贵饭馆的人，可以旅行到国外享受这些快乐。

2. 由于是来自一种快节奏的文化，对服务寄予很高的期望，因此美国人会变得很不耐烦和傲慢自大。

3. 在雅典古老的普拉卡区，数十家露天咖啡馆层叠排列下雅典卫城下，像一排摇摇欲倒的多米诺骨牌，三个美国人和一个澳大利亚人边观看来自多文化背景的游客队伍，边谈论国家之间的差别。

4. 他们刚获得MBA学位不久，从事高科技工作，在这个日益缩小的世界里是热衷于旅游的人。

Unit8

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I. DCCD

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2. 出境时没人要求我停下，而现在栅栏却放了下来。

3. 这个要求对我的影响就如同盖世太保的敲门声可能产生的影响一样。它引起恐慌、愤怒和负罪感，无论我是否做过坏事。

4. 但是政府会使你感觉很渺小、可悲，以至于你需要费很大劲才能重新建立起一种自尊。

Endless Summer

I. BDBA

II. 1. 沃尔登说，尽管各个年龄段中都有人在做长期旅行，但是领导这一趋势的是那些生育高峰期出生的人，他们一直都热衷于旅行，但现在到了其人生的一个新阶段，有更多时间旅行了。

2. 许多人看着自己的父母辛苦工作一辈子，到临死前都没有机会享受自己的劳动成果。

3. 对于这些旅行者中的很多人来说，旅行比目的地更为重要，接触新人比烈数出绿景点更为重要。

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I. BCBC

II. 1. 我原以为，从位于芝加哥湖边平地的梅格思机场----即程序设计的飞行模拟器起飞的机场“起飞”，穿行于城市的摩天大楼之间，飞向我选择的任何目的地，会是非常好玩的。2. 在一高清晰度的大电脑屏幕上，你会发现自己面对着一个极其逼真的利尔飞机驾驶座舱，在黎明时分从大峡谷上低空飞过，远处可见闪电划过，同时听从引航员的命令，引导你飞往弗拉格斯塔夫（旗杆城）机场。

3. 利用所有这些程序，你还可以具体设定你在任一飞行途中要经历的天气状况：云、风、气流、雨。

4. 对于各州是如何拼接起来的，每个人都有清晰的概念，但是，从低空看到它们连成一片，低得可以分辨出聚集在草原上的每个农舍，但又高得足以看清河流和山脊蜿蜒于城乡之间，这与看地图是大不一样的。

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to Exercises Key to Exercises Lesson1 https://www.sodocs.net/doc/747124380.html,prehension Check 1.C 2.B 5.A 6.C7.B8.B 3.(1)shield(2)playing(3)shield(4)personal(5)social (6)political(7)family(8)colleagues(9)stimulate 4.(1)blackboard(2)unconscious(3)time (4)ancestors(5)parents(6)reinvent B.Reading Strategies 1.C 2.A 3.B 4.A 5.B 6.A 7.C 8.A 9.B10.A Lesson2 https://www.sodocs.net/doc/747124380.html,prehension Check 1.A 3.C 4.B 5.A7.C8.B 2.(1)defines(2)failures(3)successful(4)beliefs 6.(1)picture(2)performing(3)replace(4)self-image (5)line(6)potential(7)short-change(8)better B.Reading Strategies 1.B 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.B 6.A 7.A 8.B 9.C10.A Lesson3 https://www.sodocs.net/doc/747124380.html,prehension Check 1.C 2.A 3.B 5.A 6.B7.B8.A 4.(1)cultivate(2)granted(3)investigate(4)explore (5)major(6)exploration B.Reading Strategies 1.normalized 2.membership 3.threatening 4.publication 5.novelists 6.persuasion 7.personality 8.pressure 9.reluctance10.justify Lesson4 https://www.sodocs.net/doc/747124380.html,prehension Check 2.C 3.A 4.C 5.B 6.A 7.B 8.A 1.(1)crush(2)Brazil(3)intelligent(4)knockout B.Reading Strategies 1.distinguishable 2.psychological 3.effective 4.insistent 5.various 6.skinny 7.delightful 8.gloriously 9.financial10.amazing

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一单元： 1.我们的计算机系统出了毛病，但我觉得问题比较小。 We have a problem with the computer system, but I think it’s fairly minor. 2.父亲去世时我还小，不能独立生活。在那时，家乡的父老接过了养育我的责任。My father died when I was too young to live on my own. The people of my hometown took over (responsibility for) my upbringing at that point. 3.这些玩具必得在达道严格的安全要求后才可出售给给儿童。 The toys have to meet strict/ tough safety requirements before they can be sold to children. 4.作为新闻和舆论的载体，广播和电视补充了而不是替代了报纸。 Radio and television have supplemented rather than replaced the newspaper as carriers of news and opinion. 5.至于这本杂志，它刊载世界各地许多报纸杂志上文章的摘要。 When it comes to this magazine, it is/ carries a digest of articles from many newspapers and magazines around the world. 二单元： 1.虽然受到全球金融危机后果的巨大影响，但是我们仍然相信我们能够面对挑战，克服危机。 Though greatly affected by the consequences of the global financial crisis, we are still confident that we can face up to the challenge and overcome the crisis. 2.在持续不断的沙尘暴威胁下，我们被迫离开我们喜爱的村庄，搬迁到新的地方Under threat of constant sand storms, we were compelled to leave our cherished village and move to the new settlement. 3.根据最近的网上调查，许多消费者说他们也许会有兴趣考虑购买电视广告中播放的产品。 According to a recent online survey, a lot of consumers say they may be motivated to consider buying products shown in TV commercials. 4.看到卡车司机把污染的废弃物倒在河边，老人马上向警方报告。 Having spotted a truck driver dumping contaminated waste alongside the river, the old man reported to the police at once. 5.一些科学家坚信人们总有一天会喜欢转基因农作物的，因为他们能够提高产量，帮助发展中国家战胜饥荒和疾病。 Some scientists hold to the firm conviction that people will come to like genetically modified crops someday since they can increase yields and help combat hunger and disease in the developing world.