新编大学英语综合教程Unit 8语法练习答案

新编大学英语综合教程

Unit 8

语法练习答案

Choose the best answer and fill in the blanks.

选择最佳答案填空.

1.I’ll take down your name and address in case you ____ as a witness.我会记下你的姓名和地址，以备需要你作证。

A. are needed

B. will be needed

C. should need

D. be needed

【解析】A.考查时态与被动语态。首先you 与need 之间是被动关系，又因为在in case 引导的从句中常用一般现在时代替一般将来时，故选A。

in case其他特殊的用法：一、用作连词，表示条件，其意为“如果”“万一”。如：In case you see him, ask him about it. 如果你见着他，问问他这事。二、用作连词，表示目的，其意为“以防“免得”。如：I’ll take my raincoat in case it rains. 我将带上雨衣，以防下雨。三、起副词作用，其意为“以防万一”。如：You’d better carry some money in case. 你最好带些钱，以防万一。“我”或“别的什么人”需要“你”作证人，但没必要指出来，因为这里强调的是动作的承受者，而不是动作的执行者，所以用被动结构。

2. Tom will have to go to work by bus as his car ____ .

A. is repaired

B. is being repaired

C. is needed repairing

D. is needed repairs

【解析】B.汤姆的汽车正在修理，他不得不乘公共汽车去上班。此处应为现在进行时。

3. The enemy retreated to the woods after they ____ .

A. have been defeated

B. were defeated

C. Defeated

D. had defeated

【解析】B.1986年英语考研真题答案：were defeated/had been defeated.敌人被击败后撤退到树林里去了。

4. Bob ____ a good job in a company, but he refused to have it.

A. was offered

B. offered

C. was offering

D. had offered 【解析】A。鲍勃在一家公司得到了一份好工作，但他拒绝了。应为被动形式。两件事是并行事件，前后时态应一致。不过这个题逻辑确实不是特别严谨，但如果是考试中遇到，一般要选择最好的答案。

5. Lucy got angry when she realized she ____ .

A. is made fun of

B. was being made fun of

C. has been made fun of

D. had made fun of

【解析】B。汤姆意识到他被取笑（愚弄）后很生气。

类似题：Tom got very angry when he realized he _____ realized（意识）是过去式，所以取笑是发生在意识之前，汤姆是被被人愚弄的，所以要用被动语态：be+动词过去分词。

6. One of my friends returned home after a long holiday, only to find it ____ .

A. to be broken into

B. had broken into

C. was broken into

D. had been broken into

【解析】D。我的一位朋友在长假结束后回到家，发现家里有人进去过。类似题：A friend of mine returned to his house after a holiday, only to find it had been broken into.

7. Are you sure all the doors ____ ?

A. has closed

B. have been closed

C. have closed

D. closes 【解析】B. 你确定所有门户都关好了吗?类似原题：

Are you sure all the windows (have been closed).

或者Are you sure all the windows are closed?

窗户要被关，因此只能用被动的，这里只有D是被动语态。

8. The twins ____ many times not to approach to the cliff.

A. have been told

B. have told

C. told

D. were being told 【解析】A. 这对孪生兄弟已多次被告知不要靠近悬崖。

本题考查现在完成时。现在完成时可以表示反复发生的动作，常常与several times、many times等时间状语连用；由题干中的many times推断用完成时，并且孩子们是被告知。类似题：The children __ many times not to swim in the river.

9. I think much attention ____ your essay.

A. must pay to

B. ought be paid to

C. must be paid to

D. should be paid in

【解析】C.我认为你的文章必须多加注意。类似例句：

I think much attention must be paid to your pronunciation.

10. That boy ____ intelligent but dishonest.

A. thought as

B. was thought to be

C. was thought as

D. thought to be

【解析】B. 那个男孩被认为很聪明但不诚实。

intelligent是形容词作表语。to be 是不定式连接两个动词。类似句：That young man ____clever but dishonest.

11. The work needs more labor than ____ because it is extremely difficult.

A. to be put i n

B. have been put in

C. has been put in

D. being put in

【解析】C.这项工作需要比已经投入的更多的劳力，因为它极其困难。类似例句：The project requires more labor than ___ because it is extremely difficult.时态为现在完成时，排除进行时和将来时。Labor为不可数名词，谓语用单数。

12. I should very much like to go to the party, but I ____ .

A. had not been invited

B. was not invited

C. am not invited

D. have not been invited

【解析】D。我很想去参加聚会，但我没有被邀请。

I should very much like to go to the party, but __.注意划线处。

but 一般引出一个客观事实，用陈述语气。have not been invited 说的就是现在的一个事实，即“没被邀请”，陈述一个客观事实不用虚拟语气。注意下题非常相似，但不同。

I should very much like to have gone to the party but I ____.

由should like to have gone可知是对过去事实的谈论。

13. The task ____ by the time you arrive in Beijing.

A. will have been done

B. would have been done

C. would done

D. has been done

【解析】A．等你到达北京时，任务已经完成了。此题考查时间状语从句。by the time+一般现在时态，主句应用将来完成时态，by the time+一般过去时态，主句应用过去完成时态，题中by the time后面是一般现在时态you come back，故选A。类似例题：The task _______ by the time you come back.

14. Tom was made ____ from day to day in the company.

A. Work

B. to work

C. worked

D. working

【解析】B. 汤姆被迫在公司里日复一日地工作。

在主动语态中，make sb do sth，而在被动语态中，be made to do sth，中被省略的to，要加上去，故选答案为B。

类似题：He was made _________ from morning till night.

15. When water is heated, it ____ into vapor.

A. is changed

B. will change

C. would change

D. would be change

【解析】B. 水被加热时会变成蒸汽。when water is heated指的是一种常识“水被加热会变成蒸汽”所以用will change。

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Book 3 Unit 1 Personality The Misery of Shyness Shyness is the cause of much unhappiness for a great many people. All kinds of people describe themselves as shy: short, tall, dull, intelligent, young, old, slim, overweight. Shy people are anxious and self-conscious; that is, they are excessively concerned with their own appearance and actions. Worrisome thoughts are constantly swirling in their minds: What kind of impression am I making? Do they like me? Do I sound stupid? I'm ugly. I'm wearing unattractive clothes. It is obvious that such uncomfortable feelings must affect people adversely. A person's self-concept is reflected in the way he or she behaves, and the way a person behaves affects other people's reactions. In general, the way people think about themselves has a profound effect on all areas of their lives. For instance, people who have a positive sense of self-worth or high self-esteem usually act with confidence. Because they have self-assurance, they do not need constant praise and encouragement from others to feel good about themselves. Self-confident people participate in life enthusiastically and spontaneously. They are not affected by what others think they "should" do. People with high self-esteem are not hurt by criticism; they do not regard criticism as a personal attack. Instead, they view a criticism as a suggestion for improvement. In contrast, shy people, having low self-esteem, are likely to be passive and easily influenced by others. They need reassurance that they are doing "the right thing". Shy people are very sensitive to criticism; they feel it confirms their inferiority. They also find it difficult to be pleased by compliments because they believe they are unworthy of praise. A shy person may respond to a compliment with a statement like this one: "You're just saying that to make me feel good. I know it's not true." It is clear that, while self-awareness is a healthy quality, overdoing it is detrimental, or harmful. Can shyness be completely eliminated, or at least reduced? Fortunately, people can overcome shyness with determined and patient effort in building self-confidence. Since shyness goes hand in hand with lack of self-esteem, it is important for people to accept their weaknesses as well as their strengths. For example, most people would like to be "A" students in every subject. It is not fair for them to label themselves as inferior because they have difficulty in some areas. People's expectations of themselves must be realistic. Dwelling on the impossible leads to a sense of inadequacy, and even feelings of envy, or jealousy. We

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Unit 1 Personal Relationship In-Class Reading The Gift of Life 以生命相赠 1 炸弹落在了这个小村庄里。在可怕的越南战争期间，谁也不知道这些炸弹要轰炸什么目标，而它们却落在了一所由传教士办的小孤儿院内。 2 传教士和一两个孩子已经丧生，还有几个孩子受了伤，其中有一个小女孩，8岁左右，双腿被炸伤了。 3 几小时后，医疗救援小组到了。医疗小组由一名年轻的美国海军医生和一名同样年轻的海军护士组成。他们很快发现有个小女孩伤势严重。显然，如果不立即采取行动，她就会因失血过多和休克而死亡。 4 他们明白必须给小女孩输血，但是他们的医药用品很有限，没有血浆，因此需要匹配的血型。快速的血型测定显示两名美国人的血型都不合适。而几个没有受伤的孤儿却有匹配的血型。 5 医生会讲一点越南语，护士会讲一点法语，但只有中学的法语水平。孩子们不会说英语，只会说一点法语。医生和护士用少得可怜的一点共同语言，结合大量的手势，努力向这些受惊吓的孩子们解释说，除非他们能输一些血给自己的小伙伴，否则她将必死无疑。然后他们问孩子们是否有人愿意献血来救小女孩。 6 对医生和护士的请求，孩子们瞪大眼睛，一声不吭。此时小病人生命垂危。然而，只有这些受惊吓的孩子中有人自愿献血，他们才能够得到血。过了好一会儿，一只小手慢慢地举了起来，然后垂了下去，一会儿又举了起来。 7 “噢，谢谢，”护士用法语说。“你叫什么名字？” 8 “兴，”小男孩回答道。 9 兴很快被抱到一张床上，手臂用酒精消毒后，针就扎了进去。在整个过程中，兴僵直地躺着，没有出声。 10 过了一会儿，他发出了一声长长的抽泣，但立即用那只可以活动的手捂住了自己的脸。 11 “兴，疼吗？”医生问。 12 兴默默地摇了摇头，但一会儿忍不住又抽泣起来，并又一次试图掩饰自己的哭声。医生又问是不是插在手臂上的针弄疼了他，兴还是摇了摇头。 13 但现在，偶尔的抽泣变成了持续无声的哭泣。他紧紧地闭着眼睛，用拳头堵住嘴，想竭力忍住哭泣。 14 医疗小组此时非常担忧，因为针不会使他们的小输血者一直感到疼痛。一定是哪里出了问题。恰好这时，一名越南护士前来帮忙。看到小男孩在哭，她用越南话很快地问他原因。听了小男孩的回答后，又立即作了回答。护士一边说，一边俯身轻轻拍着小男孩的头，她的声音亲切柔和。 15 一会儿，小男孩不再哭了，他睁开眼睛，用质疑的目光看着越南护士。护士点了点头，小男孩的脸上马上露出了宽慰的神色。 16 越南护士抬起头平静地对两名美国人说: “他以为自己快死了。他误解了你们。以为你们要他献出所有的血，小女孩才能活下来。” 17 “那他为什么还愿意这么做呢?”海军护士问。 18 越南护士把这个问题向小男孩重复了一遍。小男孩简单地回答道: “她是我的朋友。” 19 他为了朋友甘愿献出自己的生命，没有比这更伟大的爱了。

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Unit 6 A World of Mystery The Bermuda Triangle [1] On 5th December 1945, Flight 19, which consisted of five US Navy planes, took off from Fort Lauderdale, Florida in fine weather. There was a total of fourteen men on board the planes. The planes were in good condition; they had the best equipment on board including compasses and radios, and they also carried life rafts. The planes could float on water for ninety seconds. One and a half hours after the take-off, a radio message from one of the planes was heard at the control tower at Fort Lauderdale. [2] "I don't know where we are." [3] After that the planes could no longer speak to the control tower, but they could speak to and hear each other, and the control tower could hear them. [4] "The magnetic compass is going crazy." [5] "We're completely lost." [6] No other messages were heard after that. Nobody else heard from the planes or saw them again. Three hundred planes and many boats searched the area, but not one trace of Flight 19 was found. Then one of the planes that was sent to look for them also disappeared completely. [7] These planes had disappeared in a very mysterious part of the world in the western Atlantic Ocean where lots of strange events have taken place. The mystery started long before 1945, and since that year many other ships and planes have also disappeared in this area. It is called the Bermuda Triangle. It is a large, triangular area of the ocean with the island of Bermuda at its northern tip. [8] Planes and ships disappear in other parts of the world, but there are more disappearances in the Triangle than in other areas. For years now scientists and others have been puzzled by this mystery. There have been many attempts to explain why people, planes and ships disappear in such high numbers here . [9] One writer, John Spencer, believes that the ships and planes have been carried off from the sea and sky by flying saucers or UFOs from another planet. Since there are millions of other planets in the universe, Spencer believes there must be other intelligent creatures somewhere in the universe. These creatures are interested in collecting humans and their equipment so that they can examine them carefully. [10] Another theory is that the geography of the area is responsible for the disappearances of the ships and planes. Bermuda lies on an earthquake belt. Underwater earthquakes result in large waves appearing suddenly. These waves are so big that they can break a ship into pieces. In the air, a similar thing can happen to airplanes because of

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