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高级口译翻译篇

高级口译翻译篇
高级口译翻译篇

高级口译翻译篇

第一章高级口译翻译数字理论Appropriateness

注:(╳表示错误示范,╱表示正确示范) 舒舍予,字老舍,现年四十岁,面黄无须。

I have a yellow face. ╳ I have a pale face. ╳ I have

a withered complexion. ╱

Background

economic equality 经济平等╳经济均衡化╱

efficiency Vs effectiveness 效率 Vs 效能 performance 绩效

我宣布……开幕了 I declare …open╳ I declare the commencement of …╳ … is herewith inaugurated.╱

meeting 非正式会议 conference 正式大型会议 session 特定主题专业会议

Culture White elephant 白象请愿书 round robin Diversification think tank 智囊团Expressiveness Faithfulness Gracefulness

第二章高级口译评分标准

1) Wording Accuracy

2) Phrase Accuracy

3) Paraphrasing Nativeness

Swallowing small companies, the big media corporations will be able to control what Americans read and watch.

4) Sequence Coherency

My father is a good teacher who is kind to his students. 由于我父亲对学生好,他是一个好老师

5) Spelling, Punctuation and Tense 拼写:拼错一个单词扣一

分,同样的错误不扣分

时态举例:中国人民一直希望世界太平。 The Chinese people are

always loving world peace.

时态重点词would

1、would表示意愿 I would be only too glad to help you.

2、表示一种特人的行为 That’s just what he would say.

It would rain on the day we chose for a picnic.

3、so that… would表示目的、结果 so that + can will may (现在/过去时态)表示目的

She burned the letters so that her husband would never read them.

总结:

第1、2、5点考察考生硬功,约占比例80%

第3、4点考察考生软功,需在平日不断积累

第三章英译汉翻译技能

直译是指在译入语条件许可的前提下,在译文中既表达原文的思想内容,又保留原文的语言表达形式

直译:一针及时省九针

意译:事半功倍

意译是指译文能正确表达原文的思想内容,但不必拘泥于原文的语言表达形式。

原则:能够直译的不要意译

3.1加注(Annotation)通常是外来语

1、音译加注

1) pizza Toyota Sahara Sauna AIDS Jazz

2) In my Walter Mitty dreams I am a prima ballerina.

3) He did it a Jordan.

4) It was Friday and soon they‘d go out and get drink.

5) He pretended to be a Thursday VIP and fit in with the local

community quite well.

、直译加注

Zero Ground Sesame Street Oval Office specified risk

material 高风险物质

Tabloid tree hugger 极端环保主义者 rock 石毒

But I am short-tempered, frazzled from all responsibilities. I am the “sandwich generation”, caught between kids and parents.

但我的脾气不好,都是这些事给烦的。我是个夹在孩子和父母之间

的“三明治人”。 

He suggested that a truly-inclusive politically-correct pronoun would be “s/h/it”.

他建议,真正既全面又符合政治正确性的代词应是“她或他或它”。 You told me the other day that you were going to write anything about him yourself. It would be rather like a dog in the manger to keep to yourself a whole lot of material that you have no intention of using.

前些日子,你告诉我你自己不打算写有关他的任何东西,可你却又占着大批资料自己不用,这岂不是狗占马槽(太自私了)了吗?

The favors of Government are like the box of Pandora, with this important difference that rarely leave hope at bottom.

政府的恩惠如同潘多拉的盒子,(后患无穷),主要不同之处是:盒底很少留有希望。

People considered that what he had played on that occasion was no more than a Judas kiss.

人们认为他在那种场合所表演的不过是犹大之吻,(居心险恶)。

A measure of privatization of adoption is called for, with a diminution in the powers of ideological apartheiders of the Nanny State.

随着“保姆国家(福利国家的贬称)中那些思想上支持种族隔离的人的势力的减弱,人们要求在收养方面有一定程度的民间化。

We might look upon the glory of our Rust Belt states, where there are hundreds of vast steel mills that are at least 40 years out of date and also spew smoke that causes acid rain.

我们可以看一下我们的铁锈带()昔日的“荣耀”,那里有几百家落伍至少四十年的大型钢铁厂,至今还喷吐着能够引起酸雨的浓烟。

3.2释义 (Paraphrase)

释义是指舍弃原文的具体表达形式和比喻形象,采取解释性的方法译出原文的意思。

1) Bill’s new girlfriend is certainly a knockout. 尤物

2) I wonder whether he is a Trojan Horse. 内奸

3) The weather forecast seems to be accurate. No sooner had I

fortunately come back home than rain poured cats and dogs.

——touchwood. 老天保佑

4) Don’t you think it’s weird for a husband to appreciate his pinups with

his wife? 美女照

5) He was smooth and agreeable. 八面玲珑

6) What is known is that weight extremes in either direction are

definitely unhealthy. 过度的肥胖或消瘦

7) He acts a lot older than his years. 少年老成

8) The kid went through fire and flood to save his mother. 赴汤蹈

9) Mary is now between the devil and the deep sea on dealing with her

job. 进退维谷

10) That fellow is always an easy-going guy. He always throws her

cares to the winds. 无忧无虑;把烦恼抛至九霄云外

11) The young girl thumbed her way to the passing cars. 搭车

3.3增词 (Amplification)

增词指翻译时常常有必要在译文的词量上作适当的增加,使译文既能忠实地传达原文的内容和风格,又能符合译入语的表达习惯。

1、根据背景知识增补

1) 世纪伟人邓小平 Mr. Deng Xiaoping, one of the great figures

in the twentieth century

2) 班门弄斧 show off one’s proficiency with axe before Lu

Ban, the master carpenter

3) 三个臭皮匠,胜过诸葛亮。 The wit of three cobblers combined

surpasses Zhuge Liang, the master mind.

2、根据逻辑关系需要增补汉语重义合、英语重形合。增加连词成分

3、根据语法需要增补

1)增加量词an elephant a martial music Soon the whole sky is azure and flaming.

不一会儿,万里晴空已是一片火红。

2)增加时、体和语气(重点)

Yesterday evening I had seen her on her knees in front of the house. 昨天夜晚我曾看见她跪在房子前面。

The research work is being done by a small group of dedicated and imaginative scientists who specialize in extracting from various sea animals substances that may improve the health of the human race.

正在进行

The surgeons weren’t sure how long my new joints would last. But they’re holding up fine.

那些外科医生(当时)不能肯定我的新关节可以维持多久,但是它们(至今还是)运转良好。

It would have been only courteous to kneel at the proper time, as all did, since I had voluntarily come to church.

既然我来教堂出于自愿,仅仅为了礼貌起见,我(本应当)和大家一起下跪。

She would spend hours dressing herself in fine clothes, and brushing her black hair. Then she would stand by the mirror and admire herself.

她(总是)要花好几个小时为自己盛装打扮,梳理她乌黑的头发。之后她还(常常)照着镜子自我欣赏一番。

I have had the joy of two beautiful and wonderful wives, the happiness of parenthood and the love of eight children.

我有幸(先后)获得两位美丽贤惠的妻子带来的幸福,体验过为人之父的乐趣和八个子女的爱。

3)增加适当词语区别单复数The lion is the king of animals. 狮子是百兽之王。

The slogan “Press on” has solved and always will solve the problems of the human race.

“坚持下去”的口号已经解决并将继续解决人类的各种问题。

Now, years later, that evening’s loveliness——I so nearly missed——is one

of my most cherished memories.

如今多少年过去了,那个我差点失之交臂的迷人傍晚,如今却成了我最

珍贵的记忆。

She warmly welcomed her guests in and brought them a cup of tea. 她热情

地将客人们迎了进来,然后给他们各端上一杯茶。

4)增补表达词

Fortune knocks at every man’s door once in a life, but in a good many cases,

the man is in a neighboring saloon and does not hear her.

每一个人的一生中,幸运女神都只来敲一次门,可是许多情况下,那个

受到眷顾的人竟在隔壁的酒馆里,听不见她敲门。

French managers are Napoleonic and their management style is imperial.

法国经理人是拿破仑式(内松外紧)的人物,有着帝王般的管理风格。

Long-stemmed models ankled through the lobby. 身材修长的模特袅袅婷

婷地从厅中走过。

具体译法

所谓具体译法,就是在翻译过程中把原文中抽象或比较抽象的单词、

词组、成语或句子用具体或比较具体的单词、词组、成语或句子来进

行翻译,从而消除或降低语言差别给翻译带来的损失,使译文产生与

原文同样的效果。

A词缀法

-tion 作用;过程

hould by no means neglect the evaporation of water. 我们决不能忽视水的蒸发作

用。 erosion of

steel 钢的腐蚀(作用)Many changes take place during the transformation. 在转化过程

中出现了许多变化。

During transportation, the driver should be careful. 在驾驶过程

中,司机要小心。

-ing 做法;行为All the people were exasperated by his fault-finding. 大家都被他那种吹毛求疵的做法激怒了。

-ness状态;气质;心情 We were all greatly moved by his loftiness. 我们都被他那种崇高气质所深深打动。

humbleness 谦虚作风

We all look down upon his humbleness. 我们都看不起他这种

贱相(卑微的态度)。

We have to do our utmost to ameliorate the backwardness of our nation. 我们必须全力以赴改变国家的落后面貌。

John’s lightheartedness, however, did not last long. 然而,约翰这种

轻松愉悦的心情没有持续很久。

-ity 性;与-able和-tive相关

reasonability 合理性 sensibility 合理性 sensitivity 敏感性creativity 创造性 originality 创造性 ingenuity 创造性readability 可读性 flexibility 柔韧性、可塑性、灵活性、延展

B集合名词法family 家庭

家庭成员

team, group, family, class, committee, community, city, country, world

Our team is playing well. 今天我们对整体发挥的不错(隐含之意;对部分队员不满)

Our team are playing well. 我们球队每个人都打疯了(隐含之意;对每个队员都非常满意)

C比喻法very timid 非常胆小

胆小如鼠 very strong 非常强壮

壮得像头牛

D成语法

a great and through-going change 巨大而彻底的变化

翻天覆地的变化

very anxious to return home 回家心切

归心似箭

5)增补重复词(连词、承上启下的词、概括词)

We have discussed our safety and sanitary regulations. 我们已经讨论了安全规则和卫生规则。

We left so much in Vietnam——so much innocence, so many dreams, so many good men and women.

我们在越南失去的东西太多了——失去许许多多无辜的生命,失去许许多多美梦,失去许许多多善良的男男女女。

He had become a master of evasion: his main response to criticism is to threaten, filibuster and delay.

他已是个回避问题的老手:其回应批评的主要方法是一威胁、二阻挠、三拖延。

Mary was ready to go, but first she wanted her book to be in print. 玛丽准备走了,但先要目睹她那本书出版后才瞑目。

3.4减词 (Omission)

减词是指将原文中需要而译文中又不需要的词语省去。

从语法角度进行减省

As a frequent moviegoer, I am keeping abreast of the latest development of Hollywood movies.

我是电影院里的常客,通晓好莱坞电影最新动态。

We can not discover any material in an element but itself. 在一个元素里,除元素本身外,不可能再发现其他物质。

I framed the words in my mind, “Pardon me, but have I done something to offend you?”

我心里在嘀咕:“对不起,我做了什么事冒犯了您?”

As it is late, let us go to bed. 不早了,睡吧

代词省略——抽象代词、泛指代词

1)有些做宾语的代词I am going to have it. 我想去吃

2)泛指的英语人称代词做主语

3)指代抽象名词的代词

Ford’s basic wage of $5 a day caused not only a wage explosion in the city, it also caused a population explosion.

4)物主代词

5)形式主语和形式宾语it

从修饰角度进行减省

The hardest part of any big project is to begin. 任何一个大项目最艰难的是起步。

There are plenty of opportunities to attend community events and volunteer your services.

参与社区活动以及提供志愿服务的机会多得很。

The problem of alternative fuels of vehicle is one problem we shall approach.车辆的代用燃料是我们将要着手处理的一个问题。

To learn is not an easy matter and to apply what one has learned is even harder. 学习不容易,应用更不容易。

In mid-1977, world sea-going tonnage amounted to 338.5 million grt which reflects a rise of 5.8% in grt over mid-1976, compared with a corresponding increase of 9% from mid-1975 to mid-1976.

1977年年中,世界远洋船吨位共达3.385 亿注册总吨,比1976 年年中注册总吨增加了 5.8% ,而 1976 年年中比 1975 年年中注册总吨增加了9% 。

3.5转换 (Shift of perspective)

一、词类转换 1. 名词到动词

1)表示心理状态和观点表达的名词。

My suggestion is that he should quit smoking at once. 我建议他立刻戒烟。

Opinion thought objection refusal declaration Declination proposal suggestion

Hope wish dream dread afraid worry 2)“七感”以及衍生名词

For millions of immigrants, the Statue of Liberty was their first sight of the promising land.

数百万移民一踏上这块希望的土地,第一眼看到的是自由女神像。sight hearing touch smelling taste feeling

hunch/intuition

spectator audience

Large numbers enjoy the spectator sports. 许多人喜欢观看比赛。3) 加er或or结尾的动词派生词,不表示身份或职业,而有较强的动作意味。

a fast runner跑得很快, a smart learner学得很快 a good liar你真会说谎

a bad kisser你吻技真差 You are such a loser! 你真逊!

4) 四大基本趋势以及任何表示动态变化的名词

Increase decrease stabilization fluctuation

The American airline industry has enjoyed significant expansion in the last twenty years.

在过去的 20 年当中,美国航空业迅猛发展。

Extension concentration dilution growth boom

prosperity

2. 介词到动词

1) off 脱离;离开;出去;走了

2)beyond 超过 The book is beyond my understanding. 我根本读不懂这本书。

The classroom is beyond its maximum seating capacity. 这个教室坐不下那么多人。

Beyond paradise

3) above / below超过/ 低于 It’s below the average level.

4) with /without 具有;拥有/缺乏;没有

5)from/to 包括;如 the developing countries from China to Brazil 包括中国、巴西在内的发展中国家

中国、巴西的发展中国家

from derive from 来源于 free from脱离

to gift to you赠与;给

6)over 战胜

The victory of justice over arbitrary acts, of reason over decadence and blindness, of democracy over imperialism, of good over evil.

正义战胜了专断行为,理智战胜了堕落和盲目,民主战胜了帝国主义,

善战胜了恶。

7) under 客观的具有;

under the policy under the assumption

中国政府无义务承诺 The Chinese government is under no obligation

to

8)during 赶上

During the 10th anniversary of our corporation’s founding,

I’d like to have 35% off the original price.

3. 形容词和副词互转

Our government shows great concern for the Chinese residents abroad. 我国政府十分关心海外侨胞。

4. 动词到名词

Our proposal was warmly welcomed by all the representatives. 我们

的提议得到了全体代表的热烈欢迎。

The girl impressed her relatives’ favorably with her vivacity and sense of humor.

这个女孩以她的活泼和幽默感给她亲戚们留下了极好的印象。

The visiting guests were escorted to the Yellow Crane Tower last Sunday.

上周日,来访客和陪同人员一起参观了黄鹤楼。

二、句子成分转换

句子成分转换是指英语中的某一句子成分已成汉语时转换成另一种句

子成分。

1、主语和宾语转换有灵动词:有生命的主语接无灵动词:

无生命的主语接

American education owes a great debt to Thomas Jefferson.

托马斯·杰斐逊对美国的教育事业做出了巨大贡献。

Her presence of mind had not completely deserted her; but she could not have trusted herself to speak.

她虽没有完全失去镇静,可是却又找不出话可说。

Brussels fell to him on September 3 and Antwerp the next day. 他于9 月3 日攻克了布鲁塞尔,次日又拿下了安特卫普。

2、定语和宾语转换

Since this country was founded, each generation of Americans has been summoned to give testimony to its national loyalty.

自建国以来,每一代美国人都被要求宣誓效忠于祖国。

3、定语和状语转换

He will give an immediate reply. 他会立即答复。

三、表达方式转换

score, dozen, decade, quarter

Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent a new nation. 87年

She will be back in the last ten days of June. 六月下旬

During the first part of his life, Watt studied weather and storm. 年轻时

His father is in his sixties. 年逾花甲

She has been a widow only for six months. 他丈夫死了不到半年。

Our men’s wear 25% discount. 七五折

You are quite a stranger here. 这里的人不认识你

There used to be a river here two centuries back of this. 两个世纪以前

I’m low IQ, you know. 我很笨; low EQ(吃不开);low AQ(沉不住气)

There is always a place for you at your table. 请你随时来吃便饭。

四、正面表达与反面表达转换——正反译法

有些从正面表达的东西在汉语中却习惯从反面来表达,而有些从反面

表达的东西在汉语中却习惯从正面来表达。这就是我们通常所说

的“正反译法”。

英语正面表达转换为汉语反面表达

frost-free refrigerator 无霜冰箱

duty-free zone 免税区

carefree 无忧无虑的

Wet paint! 油漆未干!

Stop talking nonsense! 别胡扯了!

He yelled “Freeze!” 他大喝一声:“不许动!”

Keep off the lawn! 请勿践踏草坪!

I failed to understand your meaning. 我弄不懂你的意思。The coffee is too sweet to bear. 咖啡甜得让人受不了。Do you know why she is always trying to avoid you? 你想知道她为什么不想见到你?

Her husband hates to see her stony face. 她丈夫不愿意见到她那张面无表情的脸。

A person who does a regrettable action is often regretful afterwards. 行为不检点的人,日后往往要后悔。

The naughty boy is far from honest and his excuse is pretty thin. 这个调皮的男孩很不老实,他的借口一点也站不住脚。

You have roused my curiosity. And now you must gratify it. 你现在已经激起我的好奇心了,那现在你别在卖关子了。

Appearances are often deceptive. 外表往往是靠不住的。

At the news of his father’s death, he remained quiet for several days. 一听到他父亲的死讯,他好几天一言不发。

英语反面表达转换为汉语正面表达

I adhered to all the courtesies I had been taught. This frustrated my son to no end.

我遵从所有我学过的礼貌和规矩,这使我儿子大为失望。 

You can’t be too careful. 你越仔细越好。

We could not be more mistaken. 我们大错特错。

The United Nations Organization has not, so far, justified the hopes which

the people of the world set on it.

到目前为止,联合国辜负了世界人民寄予的希望。

For three weeks I held both jobs, working from eight in the morning until midnight. Never in my life have I been happier.

三周来我身兼两职,每天从早上八点一直工作到午夜。我的一生中以那段时光最为快乐。

五、被动语态与主动语态转换(转态译法)

1、被动到主动

1)多种被动词

“受……”、“遭……”、“由……”、“给……”、“为……所……”、“予以……”、“加以……”

He was released immediately after Oct 7. 一过十月七号,他获释了。He was described as impressed by Deng’s flexibility. 据说他为邓(小平)的灵活态度所感动

2)省略被动词(同时可以作及物、不及物的词)

The risk of global nuclear conflict has been greatly reduced. 全球核冲突的危险性已经大大减小了。

(注意:在此been可以删除,四大趋势的词都可同样使用)

Over 700 of the world’s finest footballers were gathered in Japan and South Korea for the 17th World Cup tournament.

700多名世界顶尖足球运动员聚集在日本和韩国参加第17届世界杯比赛。

3)主被交换

a) 主语+谓语+状语结构的被动句,结构调整为:状语+谓语+宾

语(原主语),

Movies were first made in Hollywood before WWI. 一战前好莱坞首次制作了电影。

b) 主语(受动者)+谓语+(by)施动者结构的被动句, 处理为施

动者+谓语+受动者的主动结构

The mobile phone boom is driven by the young adults. 年轻人推动了移动电话市场的繁荣。

4)形式主语法

“据……”

It is said that… 据说…… It is reported that…据报道……It is calculated that… 据统计……

不定代词

“有人”、“大家”、“人们”

It is believed that… 有人(我们、人们)相信(认为)…… It is generally considered that… 大家认为……

It is well-known… 众所周知…… It is rarely known… 鲜为人知……

2、主动到被动

1) 马路两旁是整齐的梧桐树。 The avenue was lined with

neatly-spaced plane trees.

2) 我也佩服你的见解。 I was also struck by your

suggestions.

3) 全国人民所渴望的政治协商会议现在开幕了。

The Political Consultative Conference so eagerly awaited by the whole

nation is herewith inaugurated.

4) 全国同胞们,中华人民共和国现已宣告成立。

Fellow-countrymen, the founding of the People’s Republic of China is

proclaimed.

3.6归化 (Adaptation)

由于文化上的差异,英译汉时有时直译原文就会使译入语读者感到费

自己鲜明文化色彩的表达法对原文加以归化。

1) have a wolf by the ears

骑虎难下

2) to be cut at elbows

捉襟见肘

3) at sword’s points

强烈分歧

4) Give a dog an ill name and hang him.

欲加之罪,何患无词

5) A little pot is soon hot

量小易怒

6) I don’t understand how he can think she is good-looking, but beauty is

in the eye of the beholder.

我不知道他怎么会认为她好看呢,但是情人眼里出西施。

7) He may always possess merits which make up for everything; if he

loses on the swings, he may win on the roundabouts.

他也许总是保持着弥补一切的优点,失之东隅的,他可以收之桑榆。

8) It was a case of diamond cut diamond. They thought they were going

to beat Barcelona. In fact they lost the game 0:3.

强中自有强中手,他们以为可以痛宰巴塞罗那,事实上他们0:3惨败。

9) All you can do is to burn your boats and fight them in the hope that

one day they’ll come out on top.

你只有破釜沉舟跟他们拚,或许有朝一日会出头的。

10) The students must be enjoying the speech, because they’re laughing

their heads off.

学生们笑得前仰后合,他们一定是很欣赏这个演讲。

3.7切分 (Division)

所谓切分就是指根据汉语的句法特点,把英语的句子分解成两个或两个以上的单位,以求译文在正确传达原文的思想内容的前提上明白晓畅。

单词分译单词分译是指把原文中的一个单词分译成一个句

子。目的:1、句法上的需要 2、修辞上的需要

1) At present people have a tendency to choose the safety of the middle-

ground reply.

现在,人们都倾向于采取不偏不倚的态度来回答问题,因为它安全,不招风险。

2) The inside of each tent depended on the personality of its occupants.

每个帐篷内怎么布置,这就要看各个使用者的性格了。

3) Aunt Julia vainly asked each of her neighbours in turn to tell her what

Gabriel had said.

朱莉亚姨妈接连向坐在旁边的人打听加布里埃尔刚才说了些什么,却没有问出个所以然来。

4) The American commander, Admiral Nimitz, was understandably

reluctant to join the battle.

美军司令上将尼米兹怠于出战,这是可以理解的。

短语分译短语分译是指把原文中的一个短语分译成一个句

子。

1) The intent to make an immediate gift must be clear and unmistakable,

and the transfer must take immediate and permanent effect.

直接赠与的意向必须明白无误,转让行为必须立即产生效力,且该效力应具有永久性。

2) Built in 1192, the bridge is over 700 hundred years old. 这座桥是

1192年修建的,至今已经有700多年的历史了。

3) Several blocks from the park, running parallel to it, Clement Street

bustles like a second Chinatown with dozens of ethnic restaurants.

离公园几个街区便是与公园平行的克莱门特街。那儿有十几家民族餐馆,热闹得如同第二个唐人街。

句子分译

句子分译可以分为简单句的分译,并列复合句的分译,主从复合句

的分译以及长句的分译。

1) His wealth enables him to do everything. 他有钱,什么事都

能干。

2) His contemptuous attitude towards us is contemptible. 他以藐视的

态度对待我们,这种态度是可鄙的。

3.8合并 (Combination)

主要是中译英

First Enron was a company. Then it was a scandal. Now it is a transitive verb.“安然”起初是一家公司的名字,然后成了一桩丑闻的代名词,现在又用作一个及物动词。

第四章汉译英翻译重点

4.1主语的确定

原文主语作主语:场合有限

重新确定主语 (比较翻译)

1) 世纪之交,中国外交空前活跃。

a) The turn of the century finds China most attractive on the

diplomatic arena.

b) At the turn of the century, China is very active in its diplomatic

activities.

中国发生了翻天覆地的变化。 Great changes have taken place in China.

China has witnessed tremendous changes.

2) 一九六四年十月中国爆炸了第一颗原子弹,使世界大为震惊。

a. China’s first atomic blast in October, 1964 was a great shock to

the rest of the world.

b. In October, 1964, China blasted its first atomic bomb, which

shocked the rest of the world greatly.

3) 胎又瘪了。We’ve got another flat tire.

Our tire is flat again.

4) 人不可貌相,海水不可斗量。

a. It is impossible to judge people from their appearance, and impossible to measure the ocean by pints.

b. We can’t judge people from their appearance, just as we can’t measure the ocean by pints.

增补主语 推敲语境考虑英语语法习惯和行文的需要

沉默呵,沉默呵!不在沉默中爆发,就在沉默中灭亡。 Silence, silence! Unless we burst out, we shall perish in this silence!

起大风了。It’s blowing hard.

用劳动实现自己的理想,用理想指导自己的劳动。You realize your ideals through labor and you guide your labor by ideals.

1) 中国社会主义建设的航船将乘风破浪的驶向现代化的光辉彼岸。

a. The ship of China’s socialist construction will brave the wind and

waves and sail to the glorious destination of modernization.

b. China will stride forward in building socialism, like a ship

braving the wind and the waves, towards the glorious destination

of modernization.

2) 我们之间关系的发展使我们不仅成为亲密的朋友,而且成为兄

弟。

a. The development of our relations has made us not only close

friends but also brothers.

b. Our relations have so grown that bind us not only as close friends

but also as brothers.

3) 他心直口快,总是愿意和任何人交朋友,所以很快就赢得了大家

的信任。

a. His outspokenness and readiness to make friends with anyone

soon won their trust.

b. He was very outspoken and always ready to make friends with

anyone, so he won their trust.

4) 中国的富强和发展不会对任何国家构成威胁。

a. A strong, prosperous and developed China will pose no threat to

any countries.

b. The strength, prosperity and development of China will pose no

threat to any countries.

5) 轻纺工业产品的花色品种增多,质量继续有所提高。

a. The designs and variety of light industrial and textile products

have increased and their quality has continued to improve.

b. Light industry and textile products are now available in better

designs and quality and richer variety.

6) 楼的质量不好。 The building is not well built.

The quality of the building is poor.

天有不测风云,人有旦夕祸福。Storms gather without warning in nature and bad luck befalls men overnight.

真是太荒谬了。It’s utterly absurd.

只有冷静才能成功。Success depends on calm minds.

端午节吃粽子。 On the Dragon Boat Festival, people eat zongzi.

上海近几年发生的巨大变化赢得了全世界人民的赞叹。

That Shanghai has changed greatly in recent years has won admiration from people all over the world.

4.2谓语的确定与主谓一致问题

谓语的确定应该基于表意的需要

1) 中央政府不干预香港特别行政区的事务。

a. The Central Government has refrained from intervening in the affairs of

高级口译翻译(第四版)

Unit1 1.欢迎希尔博士和夫人来访上海。 Welcome to Shanghai, Dr. and Mrs. Hill. 2.请允许我做自我介绍。 Please allow me to introduce myself. 3.我叫洪建信,是中美医药公司的副总经理。 My name is Jianxin Hong. I am deputy managing director of t he Sino-American Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd. 4. 我们很荣幸能请到您,我也特别高兴能认识您。 It is a great honor to have you here with us .And I am so delighted to make your acquaintance . 5. 我们去取行李吧。 We wil go there and pick up the luggage . 4.久闻先生大名, 我在研究生学习时期所写的两篇论文曾参考了您的研究成果。 I have long heard of you,and as a matter of fact, I referred to your research findings in a couple of my papers during my graduate studies. 6.我为能在上海接待您和您的家人深感愉快,我很高兴我们能在今后的半年里合作共事。 It gives me such a great pleasure to meet you and your family here in Shanghai and I am very glad that you will be working with us for the next six months.

2020年翻译资格考试英语高级口译指导

2020年翻译资格考试英语高级口译指导 译事三难:信、达、雅。求其信,已大难矣!故信矣,不达,虽译,犹不译也,则达上焉。...易曰:“修辞立诚。”子曰:“辞达而已!”又曰:“言而无文,行之不远。”三者乃文章正轨,亦即为译事楷模。故信、达而外,求其尔雅...——严复《天演论.译立言》 1. 原文:All around was open loneliness and black solitude,over which a stiff breeze blew。(Thomas Hardy:Tess of the d'Urbervilles) 译文:周围一切,仅仅一片空旷的荒寒,一团漆黑的僻静,一股 劲风,在上面吹动。(张谷若译) 赏析:“一片”、“一团”、“一股”,量词的准确使用增强了 疑问的表现力。 2. 原文:She denied it,denied everything,bone and stone. 译文:她矢口否认,死不认账。 赏析:原文中的"bone and stone"形象生动,但将其直译成“语 气硬得像骨头和石头”,去不一定能为我国读者所接受,改译成“死 不认账”,就自然、生动的多。翻译本来就是一个有得有失的过程, 完全传达原文的意义、精神、意韵、形象实不可能,好的译者总是善 于抓住原文的精髓,在译文中尽力将其传达出来,而将原文那些相对 来说不甚重要的且又无法传达的割舍开去,借用依据哲学的术语,就 是“抓住要矛盾或矛盾的主要方面”,至于哪些是“主要矛盾或矛盾 的主要方面”,哪些是“次要矛盾或矛盾的次要方面”,取决于翻译 的目的、翻译语境以及译者的理解水平。

3. 原文:The reverberation of fighting between the forces of India and Pakistan are reaching us in increasing volume. 译文:印度和巴基斯坦两国部队的杀伐声一阵紧似一阵传到我们这里来。(黄邦杰:《译艺谭》) 赏析:黄邦杰先生说:“对一个译者来说,译一个词,不但要准确的把词义译出,而且要把这词所具有的特色、词义的细微差别以及作者褒贬的态度和正反的说法,不温不火、不多很多地加以体现。”"The reverberation of fighting"译为“杀伐声”,"in increasing volume"译为“一阵紧似一阵”,绘声绘色,活灵活现,让人不能不佩服。 4. 原文:The ignorant old woman who ruled for the entire last half of the nineteenth century did more than any other single person to hold back China's progress.(Lin Yutang:Moment in Peking) 译文:那个愚蠢无知的老太婆统治了十九世纪后五十年,使中国不能进步,她可算功劳第一。(张振玉译) 赏析:“她可算是功劳第一”,反语的使用,辛辣无比。 本期练习:翻译下列句子 His discourse,says Speidel,"become lost in fantastic digressions." 答案: 译文:斯派达尔后来说,他的的谈话“越说越远,越说越离奇,最后不知说到哪里去了。”

高级口译翻译难点词汇

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高级口译翻译整理

On China’s Entry into the WTO 论中国入世 艰苦努力painstaking efforts 世贸组织新成员new member of the WTO 具有历史意义的一件大事a major event of historic significance 现代化建设modernization drive 产生重要而深远的影响exert important and far-reaching influence on 经济发展economic development 社会进步social progress. 加入世贸组织joining the WTO // accession to the WTO // entry into the WTO // WTO entry 重大战略决策a major strategic decision 改革开放reform, opening up 中国深入参与China's in-depth participation in 经济全球化economic globalization. 最大的发展中国家the largest developing country 不完整的incomplete 普遍性和公正性universality and fairness 多边贸易体制multilateral trading system. 利弊advantages and disadvantages 许多方面many aspects 发展机遇opportunities for development 扩大就业总量expand total employment volume 提高人民生活水平raise people's living standards 更好地利用外资make better use of foreign capital 有利于conducive to 实施“走出去”战略implementing the strategy of "going globe-wide" 参加国际竞争与合作participating in international competition and cooperation 在更广阔的天地in a broader world 利于我国分享……好处advantageous to China's share of the benefits 严峻的挑战grim challenges 从观念上、体制上做必要的调整make necessary conceptual and structural adjustments 经济的管理economic management, 相应的转变corresponding changes 企业的管理方法enterprises' management method 经营机制operational mechanisms 随着……的进入along with the inflow 服务业service trades 中国产业Chinese industries 成本高、技术水平低和管理落后的企业enterprises with high cost, low technical level and backward management 遭受一定的冲击和压力be subjected to certain impact and pressure 迎接这些挑战meet these grim challenges 不失时机lose no time

英语翻译之高级口译技巧

英语翻译之高级口译技巧 口译是英语翻译的一个重要技能,口译的技巧有句式调整,断句和巧用连词,调整顺序,转换词性等,比如通过转换词性,可以把名词转为动词,或者把被动句调整为主动语态。。下面就和大家分享口译技巧,希望能够帮助到大家,来欣赏一下吧。 口译技巧 1、句式调整 同传在词语的翻译上可以做到地道和相对准确,但句子结构不可能像交传那样按照中文的句式习惯组织安排,对于英汉传译,往往需要采用英语句式的顺序: 【例】Frankly, ideas and goods will travel around the globe with or without our help. 【译】坦率地讲,思想和商品都将会在全球流通,不管有没有我们的帮助。 2、断句和巧用连词 处理长句是同传的基本功之一。翻译长句,除了断成译群外,还有一个关键要掌握,即英文句子之所以长是因为要避免重复使

用同一个词,于是用who、which、that 来代替主语或宾语,使得句子很长,而在中文中就不怕重复使用。 【例】That is the single monetary policy which will be discussed at the next European Union conference. 【译】那就是单一货币政策// 该政策将在下一届欧盟会议上讨论。 为了保证译出语的连贯性和准确性,同传时尽量使用译入语的文法结构,在将其断为多个句群后可以使用一些润滑剂,即连词,将单个的句群联系起来。 3、调整顺序 在一些有after和before的句子中可以将其反说,比如: 【例】I would like to make one point clear before I move on to the next point. 【译】我想先澄清一下,然后再讲下一部分。 【例】I would like to move on to the next part after I clarify one point. 【译】我想谈下一部分,在这之前先澄清一点。 4、转换词性

《中高级口译教程》里的四字成语翻译汇总

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