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翻译阅读作业答案

翻译阅读作业答案
翻译阅读作业答案

Passage One

Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.

It is difficult to imagine what life would be like without memory. The meanings of thousands of everyday perceptions, the basis for the decisions we make, and the roots of our habits and skills are to be found in our past experiences, which are brought into the present by memory.

Memory can be defined as the capacity to keep information available for later use. It not only includes "remembering" things like arithmetic or historical facts, but also involves any change in the way an animal typically behaves. Memory is involved when a rat gives up eating grain because he has sniffed (嗅出)something suspicious in the grain pile.

Memory exists not only in humans and animals but also in some physical objects and machines. Computers, for example, contain devices for storing data for later use. It is interesting to compare the memory storage capacity of a computer with that of a human being. The instant access memory of a large computer may hold up to 100,000 "words"—string of alphabetic or numerical characters—ready for instant use. An average U.S. teenager probably recognizes the meaning of about 100,000 words of English. However, this is but a fraction of the total amount of information that

the teenager has stored. Consider, for example, the number of faces and places that the teenager can recognize on sight.

The use of words is the basis of the advanced problem-solving intelligence of human beings. A large part of a person's memory is in terms of words and combinations of words. But while language greatly expands the number and the king of things a person can remember, it also requires a huge memory capacity. It may well be this capacity that distinguishes humans, setting them apart from other animals.

57. Which of the following is TRUE about memory?

[A] It helps us perceive things happening around us every day.

[B] It is based on the decisions we made in the past.

[C] It is rooted in our past habits and skills.

[D] It connects our past experiences with the present.

58. According to the passage, memory is helpful in one's life in the following aspects EXCEPT that ________.

[A] it involves a change in one's behavior

[B] it keeps information for later use

[C] it warns people not to do things repeatedly

[D] it enables one to remember events that happened in the past

59. What is the author's view about computers and human beings in terms of intelligence?

[A] Computers have better memory than a child does.

[B] Computers are as intelligent as a teenager is.

[C] Computers can understand as many as 100,000 words.

[D] Human beings are far superior to computers.

60. What is the major characteristic of man's memory capacity according to the author?

[A] It can be expanded by language. [C] It may keep all the information in the past.

[B] It can remember all the combined words. [D] It may change what has been stored in it.

61. Human beings make themselves different from other animals by _______.

[A] having the ability to perceive danger

[B] having a far greater memory capacity

[C] having the ability to recognize faces and places on sight

[D] having the ability to draw on past experiences

Passage Two

Questions 62 to 66 are based in the following passage.

"Family" is of course an elastic word. But when British people say that their society is based on family life, they are thinking of "family" in its narrow, peculiarly European sense of mother, father and children living together alone in their own house as an economic and social unit. Thus, every British marriage indicates the beginning of a new and independent family— hence the tremendous importance of marriage in British life.

For both the man and the woman, marriage means leaving one's parents and starting one's own life. The man's first duty will then be to his wife, and the wife's to her husband. He will be entirely responsible for her financial support, and she for the running of the new home. Their children will be their common responsibility and theirs alone. Neither the wife's parents nor the husband's, nor their brothers or sisters, aunts or uncles, have any right to interfere with them—they are their own masters.

Readers of novels like Jane Austen's Pride and Prejudice will know that in former times marriage among wealthy families was arranged by the girl's parents, that is, it was the parents' duty to find a suitable husband for their daughter, preferably a rich one, and by skillful encouragement to lead him eventually to ask their permission to marry her. Until that time, the girl was protected and maintained in the parents' home, and the financial relief of getting rid of her could be seen in their giving the newly married pair a sum of money called a dowry(嫁妆). It is very different today. Most girls of today get a job when they leave school and become financially independent before their marriage. This has had two results: a girl chooses her own husband, and she gets no dowry.

62. What does the author mean by "'Family' is of course an elastic word"?

[A] Different families have different ways of life.

[B] Different definitions could be given to the word.

[C] Different nations have different families.

[D] Different times produce different families.

63. For an English family, the husband's duty is ________.

[A] supporting the family while the wife is financial

[B] defending the family while the wife is running the home

[C] financial while the wife is running the home

[D] independent while the wife is dependent

64. Everything is decided in a family ________.

[A] by the couple [C] by brothers and sisters

[B] with the help of their parents [D] with the help of aunts and uncles

65. What is TRUE concerning the book Pride and Prejudice?

[A] It is the best book on marriage.

[B] It is a handbook of marriage.

[C] It gives quite some ideas of English social life in the past.

[D] It provides a lot of information of former time wealthy families.

66. With regard to marriage in Britain, present day girls differ from former time girls in ________.

[A] the right to marry [C] choosing husbands

[B] more parental support [D] social position

Passage One

57. D 推断题。由文章第一段可知,在我们过去的经验中可以找到对日常各种看法的理解、我们做决定的基础、我们习惯的根源以及我们所掌握的技能,而所有这些经验都通过记忆和现在联系在了一起,所以D正确。

58. C 细节题。本题可采用排除法。A、B、D三项在文章第二、三段中均有提及,而原文中并没有提出C(记忆告诫人们不要重复做事情),故选C。

59. D 推断题。由文章第三段中的...teenager probably recognizes... 100,000 words... this is but a fraction of the total amount of information that the teenager has stored 可知,电脑与青少年都有10万单词的记忆量,但对于青少年来说,这只占大脑信息存储量的一小部分,言外之意是人脑优于电脑,所以D正确。

60. B 细节题。文章最后一段第三句明确指出,语言可以极大地扩展人类记忆事物的数量和种类,第四句又说这一特点使人有别于动物,由此可知这是人类记忆力的主要特点,所以A正确。

61. B 细节题。由文章最后一句指出人类强大的记忆力使人区别于其他动物,故选B。

Passage Two

62. B 语义题。本题主要考查从下文猜测词义的能力,即对elastic的理解。由下文But引出的并列句可猜测出英国人对家庭的概念不同于其他国家的人,由

此推断,不同人对家庭的定义是不一样的,因此B正确。elastic原意为“有弹性的,非固定不变的”,而该句意为“‘家庭’是一个有多种含义的词”。

63. C 细节题。由文章第二段第三句可知,在英国家庭中,男人是女人的财政支柱(responsible for her financial support), 女人负责管家,所以C正确。

64. A 推断题。由文章第二段最后一句可知,没有任何人能干涉夫妻俩的事——他们是自己的主人,由此可知,家里的事由夫妻俩做主,所以A正确。

65. C 推断题。由文章第三段可知,《傲慢与偏见》讲述了当时的婚姻状况——有钱人的婚姻都由女方的父母做主,这是当时英国社会生活的一个方面,所以C正确。

66. D 推断题。文章第三段谈到了过去和现在的女孩在决定婚姻中地位的不同,并指出现在的女孩结婚前经济就可以独立,婚姻自由,由此可知,她们的社会地位比以前有了很大提高,所以D正确

87. Living in the desert has many problems, ________________________(缺水并不是惟一的问题).

88. The production ________________________ (增加到每月500吨)by the end of this month.

89. Some children put much emphasis ________________________(有足够的钱以便到外面去痛快享受).

90. Please ________________________(不要忘记让你姐姐到超市买一些牛排).

91. The students now ________________________ (宁愿上网,也不愿意到图书馆去看书).

87. of which the lack of water is not the only one

依照给出的中文,可译为the lack of water is not the only problem,但已给出的英文部分已经是个完整的句子,所以译文应以从句的形式出现。缺水是many problems中的一个问题,故使用表示所属关系的of+which结构来引导。缺水也可译为water shortage。

88. will have risen / will rise to 500 tons per month

rise和raise都可指“升高,增长”,前者为不及物动词,后者为及物动词。本句为主谓结构,故用不及物动词rise。by引起的时间状语表示了动作的截止点,意为“不迟于”,所以主句一般是完成时态,当然也可用将来时态。

89. on having enough money to enjoy themselves outside

put emphasis on / upon是固定短语,意为“强调,注重”,后接名词或动名词。

90. don't forget to ask your elder sister to buy some steak in the supermarket

动词forget后面可以跟动词不定式,也可以跟动词的-ing形式。前者意为“不要忘了去做某事”,即动作还没有发生;后者意为“不要忘了做过某事”,即动作已经发生。由于本句中的动作还没有发生,所以应用forget+动词不定式的形式。

91. prefer netsurfing to reading in the library

“宁愿……而不愿……”通常用prefer (doing) sth. to (doing) sth.的结构来表示,要注意的是,该结构中的to是介词,后面应跟名词或动名词。

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商务翻译练习答案练习答案2

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英语阅读理解及翻译

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2009年考研英语阅读理解部分翻译

2009年考研英语阅读理解部分翻译真题译文+题目翻译 但为君故 但为君故 整理组

Text 1 习惯是一种有趣的现象。我们无意识地养成了习惯,任由大脑自动操作,且不知不觉在熟悉的常规中感到轻松舒适。“并非选择,而是习惯会控制那些没有思想的人。”19世纪时,威廉·华兹华斯说。在千变万化的21世纪,甚至“习惯”这个词本身也带有负面涵义。 因此,在创造和革新的背景下来谈论习惯,似乎显得有点矛盾。但大脑研究人员发现,当我们有意识地培养新的习惯,就创建了平行路径,甚至是全新的脑细胞,可以让我们思绪的列车跳转到新的创新轨道上来。 我们不用因为自己是受习惯影响的一成不变的生物而否定自己,相反我们可以通过有意识的培养新习惯来指导改变。事实上,我们对新事物尝试得越多,就会越远地走出自己的舒适地带,在职场及个人生活中变得越有创造性。 但是,不要白费力气试图戒除旧习惯;一旦这些惯有程序融进脑部,它们就会留在那里。相反,我们有意使之根深蒂固的新习惯会创建平行路径,它们可以绕过原来那些路径。 《开放思想》一书的作者达瓦纳·马克瓦说:“革新所需要的第一样东西就是对好奇的着迷。然而我们被教导去做‘决定’,就像我们的总裁称呼自己为‘决策者’那样。”她接着说,“但是,决定意味着除了一种可能性外,其他的都被扼杀了。优秀的具有革新精神的思想家总是在探寻着许多其他的可能性。” 她说,我们都是通过一些自己没有意识到的方法解决问题的。研究人员在20世纪60年代末发现人类天生主要用四种方法应对挑战:分析法,程序法,相关法(或合作法)和创新法。但是在青春期结束,大脑关闭一半的能力,仅仅保留了那些大约在生命最开始的十几年时间里似乎是最为宝贵的思维方式。 目前标准化测试主要强调分析法和程序法这两种方式,也就是说,我们中很少有人会本能地使用创新和合作的思维方式。M.J.瑞恩是2006年出版的著作《今年我将……》一书的作者以及马克瓦女士的商业合作伙伴,她解释说:“这打破了美国信念体系里的主要规则—任何人都可以做任何事。这是一个我们已经使之永久化的谎言,这会造成平庸。了解你擅长什么,再多做一些就会成就卓越。”这正是培养新习惯的用武之地。 21. 根据Wordsworth 的观点,“习惯”的特点是___________. A 随意的 B 熟悉的 C 机械的 D 变的 22. 大脑研究人员已经发现新习惯的形成能够被___________.

历年英语六级阅读理解逐句翻译

历年六级阅读理解逐句翻译 一、 There is nothing like the suggestion of a cancer risk to scare a parent, especially one of the over-educated, eco-conscious type. 没有什么事情比有得癌症的迹象更让父母感到害怕的了,尤其对于受到过度教育、对生态环境敏感的那种人来说。 So you can imagine the reaction when a recent USA Today investigation of air quality around the nation’s schools singled out those in the smugly(自鸣得意的)green village of Berkeley, Calif., as being among the worst in the country. 所以当《今日美国》在近期公布的一份全国范围内的学校周边空气质量调查中,把加州伯克利的绿色环保小镇列为全国最差时,你可以想象到那些自鸣得意的人的反应。 The city’s public high school, as well as a number of daycare centers, preschools, elementary and middle schools, fell in the lowest 10%. Industrial pollution in our town had supposedly turned students into living science experi ments breathing in a laboratory’s worth of heavy metals like manganese, chromium and nickel each day. 该市的公立高中以及为数众多的日间看护中心、学前教育机构、小学和中学都在最差的10%之列。我们镇上的工业污染大概把学生置于活体科学实验之中,学生们以等值于实验室的剂量每天吸入锰、镉和镍等重金属。 This in a city that requires school cafeterias to serve organic meals. Great, I thought, organic lunch, toxic campus. 这发生在一个要求学校的餐厅提供有机饭菜的城市中。太伟大了,我想,有机午餐,有毒校园。 Since December, when the report came out, the mayor, neighborhood activists (活跃分子)and various parent-teacher associations have engaged in a fierce battle over its validity: over the guilt of the steel-casting factory on the western edge of town, over union jobs versus children’s health and over what, if anything, ought to be done. 自12月份报告公布以来,市长,社区活跃分子和各种家长---教师联合会都参与到一场关于报告的可信度的激烈斗争中:关于位于小镇西北角上的钢铁铸造厂的罪责、有关孩子们的健康VS工会职责,以及应该去做的事,如果还有事能做的话。 With all sides presenting their own experts armed with conflicting scientific studies, whom should parents believe? 每一方都有代表他们的专家,手头上的科学研究结果相互矛盾,父母究竟应该相信谁?

英语阅读理解带翻译篇

英语阅读理解带翻译10篇:给予Like most people, I was brought up to look upon life as a process of getting. It was not until in my late thirties that I made this important discovery: giving-away makes life so much more exciting. You need not worry if you lack money. This is how I experimented with giving-away. If an idea for improving the window display of a neighborhood store flashes to me, I step in and make the suggestion to the storekeeper. One discovery I made about giving-away is that it is almost impossible to give away anything in this world without getting something back, though the return often comes in an unexpected form. One Sunday morning the local post office delivered an important special delivery letter to my home, though it was addressed to me at my office. I wrote the postmaster a note of appreciation. More than a year later I needed a post-office box for a new business I was starting. I was told at the window that there were no boxes left, and that my name would have to go on a long waiting list. As I was about to leave, the postmaster appeared in the doorway. He had overheard our conversation. “Wasn’t it you that wrote us that letter a year ago about delivering a special delivery to your home?”I said yes. “Well, you certainly are going to have a box in this post office if we have to make one for you. You don’t know what a letter like that means to us. We usually get nothing but complaints.” 像大多数人,我长大看待生命是一个过程获得。直到我在30月底,我作出这一重要发现:给予,距离使我们的生活如此更令人兴奋的。您不必担心如果缺乏资金。这是我尝试让-消失。如果一个主意,可以改善窗口显示一个闪烁附近商店给我,我的步骤,并提出上述建议的仓库保管员。一发现我付出,离开是,它几乎是不可能放弃任何在这个世界上,没有得到回报,尽管返回往往在一个意想不到的形式。一个星期天上午,当地邮局作了重要特别

2008考研英语一阅读理解逐句翻译

2008 Text 1 Paragraph 1 1、While still catching up to men in some sphere s of modern life, women appear to be way ahead in at least one undesirable category. 尽管女性在现代生活的某些领域一直未能超过男性,但在至少一个不那么受欢迎的领域,女性似乎走在了男性的前面。 1.1 sphere英/sf??/ 美/sf?r/n. 范围;球体adj. 球体的vt. 包围;放入球内;使…成球形 1.2 appear to be好像是;仿佛 1.3 undesirable英/?nd?'za??r?b(?)l/ 美/,?nd?'za??r?bl/n. 不良分子;不受欢迎的人adj. 不良的;不受欢迎的;不合需要的 1.4 category英/'k?t?g(?)r?/ 美/'k?t?ɡ?ri/n. 种类,分类;[数] 范畴 2、“Women are particularly susceptible to developing depression and anxiety disorders in response to stress compared to men,” according to Dr. Yehuda, chief psychiatrist at New York`s Veteran`s Administration Hospital. 在纽约退伍军人管理医院工作的首席精神病学家叶沪德博士说,"与男性相比,女性面对压力时特别容易发展成抑郁或焦虑性障碍。" 2.1 susceptible英/s?'sept?b(?)l/ 美/s?'s?pt?bl/n. 易得病的人adj. 易受影响的;易感动的;容许…的 2.2 depression英/d?'pre?(?)n/ 美/d?'pr???n/n. 沮丧;忧愁;抑郁症;洼地;不景气;低气压区 2.3 disorders英美/d?s'?rd?/n. 无秩序,混乱;小病(disorder的复数形式)v. [电子] 扰乱(disorder 的单三形式)anxiety disorders焦虑症;焦虑性障碍 2.4 psychiatrist英/sa?'ka??tr?st/ 美/sa?'ka??tr?st/n. 精神病学家,精神病医生 2.5 veteran英/'vet(?)r(?)n/美/'v?t?r?n/n. 老兵;老手;富有经验的人;老运动员adj. 经验丰富的;老兵的 2.6 administration英/?dm?n?'stre??(?)n/ 美/?d,m?n?'stre??n/n. 管理;行政;实施;行政机构Paragraph 2 1、Studies of both animals and humans have shown that sex hormone s somehow affect the stress response, causing females under stress to produce more of the trigger chemicals than do males under the same conditions. 对人类和动物的研究都表明性激素在某种程度上影响对压力的反应,在同样状况下,处于压力状态下的女性比男性产生更多的触发器化学物质。 1.1 hormone英/'h??m??n/ 美/'h?rmon/n. [生理] 激素,荷尔蒙 1.2 trigger英/'tr?g?/美/'tr?ɡ?/n. 扳机;[电子] 触发器;制滑机vt. 引发,引起;触发vi. 松开扳柄 2、In several of the studies, when stressed-out female rats had their ovaries (the female reproductive organs) removed, their chemical responses became equal to those of the males. 在几项研究中,当将处于压力状态下的雌鼠的卵巢(雌性生殖器官)被摘除,他们产生的化学物质就变得和雄鼠一样多。 2.1 ovaries英/??v?r?z/ 美/ov?r?z/n. [解剖] 卵巢,[植] 子房(ovary复数形式) 2.2 reproductive英/,ri?pr?'d?kt?v/ 美/,ripr?'d?kt?v/adj. 生殖的;再生的;复制的 2.3 organ英/'??g(?)n/ 美/'?rɡ?n/n. [生物] 器官;机构;风琴;管风琴;嗓音 Paragraph 3 1、Adding to a woman`s increased dose of stress chemicals, are her increased “opportunities” for stress. “It`s not necessarily that women don`t cope as well. It`s just that they have so much more to cope with,” says Dr. Yehuda. 此外,使女性处于压力状态下的化学物质增多的另一个原因是她们面对压力的机会增多。叶沪德博士说,"这并不是说女性做事不如男性做得那样好,只是因为她们要做的事儿太多。" 1.1 dose英/d??s/ 美/dos/n. 剂量;一剂,一服vt. 给药;给…服药vi. 服药 1.2 cope英/k??p/ 美/kop/n. 长袍vi. 处理;对付;竞争 2、“Their capacity for tolerating stress may even be greater than men`s,” she observes, “it`s just that they`re dealing with so many more things that they become worn out from it more visibly and sooner.”他说,"女性对压力的耐受力甚至超过了男性,只是因为她们要处理太多的事务,她们才更快更明显地变得筋疲力尽。" 2.1 observe英/?b'z??v/ 美/?b'z?v/vt. 观察;遵守;说;注意到;评论vt. 庆祝vi. 观察;说;注意到;评论worn out疲惫不堪的;耗尽的

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