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2014.12.20..雅思阅读考题机经分析

2014.12.20..雅思阅读考题机经分析
2014.12.20..雅思阅读考题机经分析

雅思阅读机经分析

南京环球雅思教研中心-田倩 考试日期:

2014年12月20日

Reading Passage 1 (旧)

Title: 澳洲史前人 Mungo Man

Question types:

人名理论配对 8

判断 6

文章大意 主要讲了澳洲史前人的研究。

过往机经参考:

V091011 远古人类的住宿环境

V121020 欧洲祖先的生存环境

段落配标题,配对,填空,选择题(考查主旨)

讲过去欧洲祖先的生活环境,极地的民族用火,用动物皮什么的,有一个cave, 科技的演化,火,在5个不同地方的区别。

部分答案

人名理论配对:

1.他在寻找古老的湖泊,这名Mungo 女子是被火葬的。A

2.持怀疑态度的教授对一些华师的DNA 进行了可靠的分析。E

3.教授测定的人的年龄要比62000年前年轻得多的结果。A

4.确定Mungo 人的年龄,争议了澳大利亚人的起源。 B

5.在澳洲,研究小组谁先恢复生物的证据,发现了尼安德特人。 C

6.年代的支持者认为澳大利亚巨型动物的灭绝是由于古代人类狩猎造成的。D

7.多区域的解释已经被提出,而不是坚持认为单一的起源。B

8.史前人类活动导致气候变化而不是巨型动物的灭绝。A

是非无判断:

1.Mungo 湖仍然为考古学家提供了图解说明人类活动的证据。TRUE

2.在Mungo湖发现Mungo人使用的武器。NOT GIVEN

3.Mungo人是复杂的文化世界上已知最古老的证据之一,如埋葬仪式。TRUE

4.Mungo男人和女人的骨架被发现是在同一年。FALSE

5.科学家之间的争议是最古老智人的起源。TRUE

6.澳大利亚教授使用古老的研究方法对“走出非洲”支持者的批判。NOT GIVEN

另外,烤鸭们可参考《我预测你高分》上的机经还原文章。

难度分析历史探索类文章,难度不高,避免粗心。判断题是雅思阅读的重头戏,但注意有时个别题目会因粗心心急定位不到和定位不准,注意明显定位词可优先定位;人名理论配对题进来较为高频,且暂时取代了填词类的考题出现在passage1,注意定位的精准和语言理解的精确性。

Reading Passage 2 (旧)

Title:冬眠Hibernation

Question types:段落细节配对Matching 填空

文章大意

主要讲了动物冬眠的情况等。

过往机经参考

V100520 :

各种动物的冬眠情况,不同习性动物的冬眠时间,方面的不同。

段落细节匹配5;Matching 5(冬眠状况与动物的匹配) ;填空4

V120512 Hibernation in mamamls

Heading;Detail Matching; 完成句子(有选项)

难度分析此篇较难,配对题较多。其中段落细节信息配对较难定位,注意把握作者写作逻辑,注意对同意替换。

原文

Hibernation, also known as 'winter sleep', is a state of deep sleep or dormancy that an animal undergoes during the cold months of winter. During this phase body metabolism and heart rate of the animal go down drastically and the animal practically sleeps for various days to months. There are two types of hibernation, namely 'true' hibernation and torpor, or temporary hibernation. In true hibernation, the animal falls into such a deep sleep that it appears to be dead. The body temperature, breathing and the heart rate drops down. Torpor is a state of short sleep, where the heart rate and body temperature goes down but the animal is able to move around. There are various degrees of hibernation and not all animals go into a complete state of hibernation.

Reading Passage 3 (新)Title: 集体智慧

Question types:单选

Summary (有词库) TFNG

难度分析

此篇文章单选题较难,涉及作者态度和整段主旨意思的较多,涉及细节较

少,烤鸭们在备考时注意文章主旨和段落主题的理解。有词库的

summary的训练不要忽视,注意其个别考题乱序的可能性。

文章大意一个人拿羊做的实验,关于个人决定和团队决定之间的联系。

相似文章参考:

集体智慧:蚂蚁和大脑的神经元

斯坦福 - 一个单独的蚂蚁不是很亮,但蚂蚁殖民地,作为一个集体,做平常的事情。

在人类大脑中的单个神经元可以响应只连接到它的神经元都做什么,但他们都可以康德。

相似之处是为什么德博拉·戈登,Stanford University助理教授,生物科学,研究蚂蚁。

“我感兴趣的是什么样的系统,简单的单位一起做行为以复杂的方式,”她说。

没有人发号施令的蚁群,但,每只蚂蚁决定下一步该怎么做。

比如,蚂蚁可能有一些工作描述。当殖民地发现一个新的食物来源,一只蚂蚁做看家税可能会突然成为一个觅食。或者,如果殖民地的领土大小膨胀或收缩,巡逻者蚂蚁形状改变他们的侦察模式,以符合新的现实。既然没有人负责一个蚁群 - 包括名不副实的“女王”,这是一个简单的饲养员 - 每只蚂蚁如何决定该怎么做呢?

戈登说,这种无向行为是不是唯一的蚂蚁。鸟儿飞在羊群怎么知道什么时候才能作出集体右转?所有凤尾鱼和其他鱼群似乎打开步调一致,还没有一条鱼处于领先地位。

戈登的研究收获蚁在美国亚利桑那州,无论是在现场,并在她的实验室,所谓的阿根廷蚂蚁是无处不在加利福尼亚州沿海。

阿根廷蚂蚁来到路易斯安那州在1908年的糖装运。他们被赶出了海湾国家的火蚁入侵美国加州,在那里他们流离失所大部分的原生种蚂蚁。戈登学习的事情之一是如何,他们这样做。从来没有人见过一只蚂蚁战争涉及阿根廷的物种和本地物种,所以目前尚不清楚他们是否正在悄然侵略性或只是想方设法接管粮食资源和领土。

阿根廷蚂蚁在她的实验室也正在研究,以帮助她了解他们是如何改变人们的行为他们正在探索的空间的大小不同。

“蚂蚁是善于寻找新的居住地和善于寻找食物,”戈登说。“我们有

兴趣找出他们是如何做到的。”

她的蚂蚁被限制的有机玻璃墙,沿着板,让里面的蚂蚁的顶部和一个讨厌的胶样物质。她移动的墙壁和缩小改变蚂蚁的运动舞台上和录像带。一台计算机跟踪每只蚂蚁从它的形象在磁带上,并读取它的位置,所以她有一个蚂蚁的活动图。

蚂蚁的动作确认一个集体的存在。

“殖民地是类似于大脑,那里有大量的神经元,其中每一个只能做很简单的东西,但能想到一起全脑的神经元可以认为蚂蚁,但大脑能想到蚂蚁,虽然没有告诉记者,神经元在大脑中认为蚂蚁。“

例如,蚂蚁侦察食物一个精确的图案。当这种模式不再适合的情况下,如当戈登移动的墙壁,会发生什么事?

“蚂蚁沟通的化学物质,”她说。“这是他们大多是如何看待世界,他们不看得很清楚,他们用自己的触角气味,闻到的东西,他们必须得到非常接近。

“最好的方式是有蚂蚁蚂蚁寻找一切 - 作为一个单独的,试图做到这一点,如果你认为殖民地 - 无处不在所有的时间,因为如果它不发生接近蚂蚁,他们'再没有去了解它,当然,有没有足够的蚂蚁殖民地,要做到这一点,所以不知何故蚂蚁有走动的模式,使他们能够有效地覆盖空间。“

请记住,没有人负责的殖民地,有没有中央计划,蚂蚁怎么调整自己的侦察,如果其领土上扩大或缩小吗?

“蚂蚁告诉他们,'OK,伙计们,如果赛场上是20个,由20个......”不知怎的,有一些规则,蚂蚁个体决定改变其路径的形状,因此它们涉及的领域有效使用,我认为,规则是他们碰到对方的速度。“

他们更加拥挤,更多的时候,会碰到另一只蚂蚁每只蚂蚁。如果其领土面积扩大,接触的频率降低。也许,戈登认为,每一只蚂蚁的阈值正常,并调整其路径形状取决于如何经常遭遇数超过或低于该阈值。

如果境内收缩,增加接触的数量和蚂蚁改变搜索模式。如果扩大,接触减少,并以不同的方式,它改变了格局。

在亚利桑那州的收获蚁,戈登的研究,除了巡逻的任务。每只蚂蚁都有工作。

“我的任务划分为四个:觅食,筑巢维护,的粪堆堆放垃圾,包括种子的外皮和巡逻 - 巡逻是那些先来看看食物在早上和觅食的地方去巡逻,寻找食物。。

“殖民地有大约8个不同的觅食路径。每天使用他们几个。巡逻去了第一次的小径上和他们吸引对方当他们找到食物时,一个小时的巡逻年底,大多数巡逻是只是一个几个小径......所有征粮需要做的是去那里有最巡逻的。“

每只蚂蚁都有其规定的任务,但蚂蚁可以切换任务,如果集体的需要。看家税上的蚂蚁将决定草料。没有人告诉它这样做,戈登和其他昆虫学家不知道怎么发生这种情况。

“没有蚂蚁能知道多少食物大家都在收集,需要多少觅食,”她说。“一只蚂蚁的规则很简单,告诉它,'OK,切换,并开始觅食。但蚂蚁无法评估全球的殖民地需要多少食物。

“我已经做了扰动实验,我根据他们正在做什么任务在某一天标志着蚂蚁蚂蚁觅食,绿色,蓝色等那些被清洗巢,然后我创建环境中的一些新的情况,例如,我创建了一个烂摊子巢维修工人要清理,不然我会拿出多余的食物,吸引更多的觅食。

“事实证明,做了一定的工作一天开关被标记的蚂蚁做了不同的任务,当条件改变时。”

蚂蚁约有8000种,只有约10%,迄今已研究。

“这很难一概而论任何关于蚂蚁的行为,”戈登说。“我们所知道的关于蚂蚁的大部分是真实的相比,物种的数量有一个非常,非常小的物种数量。”

剑桥系列推荐阅读:

C7T3P1蚂蚁的智慧

过往机经参考:

V111210 鸟类的智慧

Heading ; Detail matching (3个物种的配对)

鸟类的智能,主要讲鸟类很聪明,可以像人类一样使用工具。

机经还原文章参考话题:

蚂蚁:群居的智慧

难度分析本场考试1新2旧,难度中等;涉及话题历史,动物研究及动物实验的话题。建议烤鸭们合理利用机经还原文章,关注题库中的相关话题文章,并适当了解其话题背景知识。

题型方面,本场考试涉及的细节配对题较多,广大烤鸭在备考时一定要强化对高频题型的训练,查漏补缺。

注意时间灵活把控和优化分配。

雅思阅读八大题型.doc

雅思阅读讲义

必考的高频替换 增加 / 提高 减少 / 下降 保护 发现 改变 称为 / 名称 方法 惊讶 灭绝 特别 各种 媒体 机会 军事 国际 预测 困难 局限 营养 钱 进化 政府 否定 范围 /数量极限词 程度极限词 频率极限词 顺序极限词Increase improve rise more higher develop boom grow enhance reinforce explosion expand thrive boost benefit surge promote climb advance soar. Decline decrease reduce downward fall drop loss Protect preserve conservation save. Find discover identify spot detect recognize realize Change vary shift modify transform revise alter reform Named called referred to as ,known as, termed, expression Way approach method means access solution Surprising unexpected take aback Extinction ,die out, endangered Special, unusual, not tradition, particular. Various ,a variety of ,diversity, a series of ,a rang of , a array of ,a line of ,a list of ,sorts of ,types of. Media, newspaper, TV,broadcasting,magazine, redio Chance, opportunity, edge Military,war,battle,weapon International ,global, world,cosmopolitan,universal,oversea,not domestic,external. Predict,expect,anticipate. Difficult,demanding,hard,serious condition. Limit, restrict, occupy part of ,confine Nutrition, diet, food, protein, mineral. Cost,profit,investment,price,salary,wage,fund,income,wealth,income,tax,tariff,expense, Budget, Evolve,evolution,develop Government, policy, planner, authority. 显性: not 系列; no 系列 隐形: hardly,too...to, rather than, yet, seldom,rarely,scarcely,be inferior to,flaw,deficient,dis- 系列, mis-系列 . 极限词 Only merely whole completely every all universal wherever cosmopolitan fully entire no one without majority most generally any through Most,ultimately,optimum,must, main,supereme,fully,urgent,dominant,prime,chief,immediate,ultimate . Always remain ,never,invariably,constant,stay. Top,origin,earliest,begin,launch,initial,coin,first.

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Next Year Marks the EU's 50th Anniversary of the Treaty A. After a period of introversion and stunned self-disbelief,continental European governments will recover their enthusiasm for pan-European institution-building in . Whether the European public will welcome a return to what voters in two countries had rejected so short a time before is another matter. B. There are several reasons for Europe’s recovering self-confidence. For years European economies had been lagging dismally behind America (to say nothing of Asia), but in the large continental economies had one of their best years for a decade, briefly outstripping America in terms of growth. Since politics often reacts to economic change with a lag,’s improvement in economic growth will have its impact in , though the recovery may be ebbing by then. C. The coming year also marks a particular point in a political cycle so regular that it almost seems to amount to a natural law. Every four or five years, European countries take a large stride towards further integration by signing a new treaty: the Maastricht treaty in 1992, the Treaty of Amsterdam in 1997, the Treaty of Nice in . And in they were supposed to ratify a European constitution, laying the ground for yet more integration—until the calm rhythm was rudely shattered by French and Dutch voters. But the political impetus to sign something every four or five years has only been interrupted,not immobilised, by this setback. D. In the European Union marks the 50th anniversary of another treaty—the Treaty of Rome, its founding charter. Government leaders have already agreed to celebrate it ceremoniously, restating their commitment to “ever closer union” and the basic ideals of European unity. By itself, and in normal circumstances, the EU’s 50th-birthday greeting to itself would be fairly meaningless, a routine expression of European good fellowship. But it does not take a Machiavelli to spot that once governments have signed the declaration (and it seems unlikely anyone would be so uncollegiate as to veto

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雅思阅读8大阅读题型介绍 雅思阅读的题型分类业界并不统一,不过一般可以认为其包括8类。给大家带来了雅思阅读8大阅读题型介绍,希望能够帮助到大家,下面就和大家分享,来欣赏一下吧。 雅思阅读8大阅读题型介绍 雅思阅读题型之一、段落标题(paragraphheadings) 在做雅思阅读*的时候,一般是10个选项,其中包括1-2个段落其标题的例子。要求根据段落中的内容找出与其相匹配的段落标题。正式考试中一般1个选项只能用于1个段落。 雅思阅读题型之二、辨别正误题型(True/false/notgiven) 该题型会涉及到:(notgiven/notmentioned)没有提到,有时还会出现下列提法accurat/inaccurat精确/不精 确;supported/contradicted一致/不一致。correct/incorrect正确与不正确。辨别正误题型属于比较难的题型。通常出现在阅读测试中的第3或第4部分。 规定时间内如果我们完成不能答题,可以选择根据逻辑猜测。这个办法在回答辨别正误(True;false;notgiven)题型时很有效。由于时间有限,很多题是通过此逻辑猜测得出正确答案。

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剑桥雅思Test阅读Passage真题解析

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