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初中英语被动语态精讲及练习

初中英语被动语态精讲及练习
初中英语被动语态精讲及练习

动词语态

They speak English.他们讲英语。

主语“他们”是“讲”这一行为的执行者,是主动句,动词用主动语态来表示;English is spoken by them.英语由他们讲。

主语“英语”是“讲”的承受者,是被动句,动词用被动语态的形式。

He opened the door.他打开了这扇门。(主动语态)

The door was opened.这扇门被打开了。(被动语态)

一、被动语态的构成

1、助动词be+(及物动词的)过去分词构成动词的被动语态的形式。助动词be

有人称、数和时态的变化,其变化规则与be作为系动词的变化完全一样。

二、主动语态变被动语态

1、主动语态变为被动语态的步骤:

(1)将主动句的宾语变为主语:

注意:如果主动句的宾语是代词,需将其由宾格变为主格。如:

Tom killed him. → He was killed by Tom.

主动结构的主语变为介词by的宾语,组成介词短语,放在被动结构中谓语动词之后。在动作的执行者无须说明或不必要强调时,by短语可以省略。主动语态、被动语态两种时态要保持一致。

(2)将动词改为"be+过去分词"。

They held a meeting yesterday. → A meeting was held by them yesterday. 他们昨天开会了。

(3)将主动语态的主语改为be…放在谓语动词后。

注意:如果原主语是代词,则应由主格变为宾格。

He sang a song. → A song was sung by him.

2、主动语态变为被动语态的注意事项:含有双宾语,即直接宾语和间接宾语Jack told us the truth.杰克告诉了我们真相。

We were told the truth by Jack. The truth was told (to) us by Jack.

三、各种时态的被动语态

1.一般现在时:am/is/are +过去分词We are taught English by her.由她教我们英语。

2.一般过去时:was/were+过去分词

A present was given to me by Mary.玛丽给了我一件礼物。

3.一般将来时:will be+过去分词

The desk will be mended by him.这桌子将由他修理。

4.现在进行时:am/is/are +being + 过去分词

The walls are being painted now.正在粉刷墙壁。

1、过去进行时:was/were +being + 过去分词

The talk was being given at this time yesterday.昨天这个时候正在作报告。

2、现在完成时:have/has been+过去分词

The flowers have been watered.这些花已经被浇了。

3、过去完成时:had been+过去分词 She said this lift had never been used.

4、过去将来时:would be+过去分词

The film would be shown again sometime next week.

这部电影下周的某个时候又将上映。

9、含有情态动词的被动语态,结构为:情态动词+be+过去分词;,"be+过去分词"部分不变。如: Tables can be made of stone.桌子可由石头制造。

Tables could be made of stone at that time. 那时桌子可由石头制造。(一般过去时)

Can tables be made of stone? 桌子能用石头制造吗?(疑问句)

四、被动语态的特殊用法

1、不及物动词不用于被动语态。

Appear, rise, die, happen, occur, lie, depart, belong to, break out, take place等不及物动词不能用于被动语态。

2、表状态动词不用于被动语态

常见的有:hold, have, cost, contain, become, ail, look like等

3、某些动词的进行时可表被动

The meat is cooking.肉在煮着。

The cakes are baking,蛋糕在烘。

The book is printing.这本书正在印刷。

4、主动形式表被动意义。

1)某些感官动词和系动词接形容词可以表示被动意义。如:look, smell, taste, feel, prove, wear, sound等

Her bedroom looks very clean and tidy.她的卧室看起来非常干净和整洁。2)动名词的主动形式表示被动语态。如:want, deserve, need, require, take, worth等

The book is worth reading.这本书值得一读。

The children need looking after.孩子们需要照看。

3)某些作表语的形容词后,用不定式主动形式表示被动意义。

The conversation is hard to understand.对这话很难理解。

The fish is not easy to fish.鱼不容易钓。

The passage is difficult to read.这段文章很难读懂。

被动语态

(一)语态:英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。

主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。

例如:Many people speak Chinese. 谓语:speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。

被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,即行为动作的对象。

例如:Chinese is spoken by many people. 主语English是动词speak的承受者。

(二)被动语态的构成

是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以speak为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。

一般现在时:am/is/are+spoken一般过去时:was/were+spoken

一般将来时:will/shall be+spoken 现在进行时:am/is/are being+spoken

过去进行时:was/were being+spoken现在完成时:have/has been+spoken

过去完成时:had been + spoken

(三)主动语态变被动语态的方法

(1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。

(2)把谓语变成被动结构(be+过去分词)(根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数,以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。

(3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语,将主格改为宾格。例如:All the people laughed at him. →He was laughed at by all people. They make the bikes in the factory. →The bikes are made by them in the factory.

He cut down a tree. → A tree was cut down by him.

(四)含有情态动词的被动语态

We can repair this watch in two days.→This watch can be repaired in two days.

They should do it at once.→It should be done at once.

(五)特殊情况(一感二听三让四看)

1.He made the boy work for two hours yesterday.

→The boy was made to work by him for two hours yesterday.

2.Mother never lets me watch TV . →I am never let to watch TV by mother.

常见的句型结构:

It is(was)agreed(believed/decided/hoped/thought......)that......大

家同意(相信、决定、希望、认为)......

It is(was)well known that......众所周知

It is(was)said(reported,heard,told,suggested)that......据说(报道、听说、告知、建议......)

二、典型例题

()1.—Susan, why are you still here? They are all ready to start.

–I’m sorry, but I _____ when to meet.

A. don’t tell

B. didn’t tell

C. haven’t told

D. wasn’t told

()2.Many old houses around our school ____ next year and a large green area will appear. A. pull down B. will be pulled down C. will pull down

D.arepulled down

()3.--- My watch ______. --- Don’t worry. Let’s g o to the Lost & Found.

A. is lost

B. is broken

C. has found

D. has stopped

()4.---Did you go to Sam’s weekend party? ---No, I___________.

A. am not invited

B. wasn’t invited

C. haven’t invited

D. didn’t invite

()5.-- How often ______ your school sports meeting ______?-- Once a year.

A. does; hold

B. was; hold

C. is; held

D. did; hold ()6.The Olympic Games ___________every four years.

A are held

B were held C.are holding D.will ho1d

()7..Twelve-year-olds should not to drive in China.

A. allow

B. be allow

C. allowed

D. be allowed

()8.—Those eggs of different colors are very beautiful. —Yes, they ______ in Hangzhou.

A. painted

B. were painting

C. were painted

D. had painted

()9.---Don’t litter the ground, boy ,Look at the sign:: “Rubbish into the dustbin.” ---Sorry.

A, has throw B, was throw C,must throw D , must be thrown

()10.He is made ______work for12 hours every day.

A.work B working C.to work D. worked

()11. The girl was often heard happily in her room.

A. sing

B. to sing

C. singing

D. sings

()12. Usually computers _________to search the Internet.

A. use

B. are using

C. are used

D. used

()13. It is reported that more new teaching buildings _________ in our school in the next term.

A. will be built

B. was built

C. has built

D. will build

()14. The sick boy _________ to hospital by the police yesterday.

A. is taken

B. was taken

C. takes

D. took

()15. --It’s difficult for the village children to cross the river for school.

--I think a bridge _________ over the river.

A. was built

B. is being built

C. has been built

D. should be built

()16. --David, turn off the TV________ no one is watching it.

--But it ________ off already! The music is from the radio.

A. so that, has been turned

B. when, has turned

C. if, has been turned

D. because, has turned ()17. Usually John to school in his father’s beautiful car.

A. has taken

B. is taking

C. is taken

D. has been taken

()18. Don’t put off today’s work for tomorrow. I mean, today’s work

_____ today.

A. may do

B. must do

C. may be done

D. must be done ()19.--Look, what an old palace! It looks so great!

--Yeah, it ________ nearly 800 years ago.

A. was building

B. was built

C. has built

D. is built

()20. Don’t discuss the problems with your partner unless you

_________ to do so. A. ask B. are asked C. will ask D. will be asked

被动语态训练

( )1. One or two man-made satellites ______ in our country every year.

A. have been sent up

B. will be sent up

C. is sent up

D. are sent up

( )2. Our TV set _____ yesterday.

A. is repaired

B. was repaired

C. had been repaired

D. would be repaired

( )3. A new building _____ in our school next year.

A. will be built

B. is built

C. is being

built D. has been built

( )4. Many books on science _____ since I went to college.

A. were bought

B. have been bought C, will be

bought D. are bought

( )5. A wonderful English talk _____ by Mr Liu tomorrow.

A. has been given

B. is given

C. is being

given D. will be given

( )6. How _____ the Great Pyramid ____ many years ago without modern machines.

A. is…built

B. would…be built

C. have…been

built D. was…built

( ) Food and clothes ____ by women.

A is often talk about B. are often

talked

C. are often talked about

D. often talked about

( )8. _____ the work _____ yet ?

A. is…finished

B. Will…be finished

C. Has …been finished

D. Would…be fini shed

( )Such films _____ by children like you.

A. must be not seen

B. must not be see

C. must not seen

D. must not be seen

( )10.Trees _____ in winter but in spring.

A. not can be planted

B. can be not

planted

C. can’t be planted

D. can not be plant

( )11.This kind of cars ____ in Japan ten years ago.

A. can only be made

B. could only made

C. be could only made

D. could only be made

( ) Jack often does things foolishly, so he ____ sometimes _____ by others.

A. is…laughed

B. is …laughed

at

C. was…laughed

D. has…been laughed at ( )13.The bear ______ to the zoo tomorrow morning.

A. may be send

B. may is sent

C. may be

sent D. is may sent

( )14. In the past ten year, a lot of new buildings _____ in our city.

. A. are put up B. have put up C. have been put D. have been put up

( )15. Such films _____ by children like you.

A. must be not seen

B. must not be see

C. must not seen

D. must not be seen

二、用所给动词的正确时态和语态填空。

1. Some top students _____(send) to study in foreign countries once a year.

2.More and more schools ___________(build) here later.

3. Where are the apples? I think they _______(eat) by those boys.

4.Many new things __________(invent) in the last ten years.

5.All the shoes __________(sell) out last week.

6.How long _______ the book _________(can keep)?

7. Tom _______ (hide) his shoes behind the tree. So they _________(not find) easily.

8.The babies here _________(take) good care of every day.

9. We ______(open) the box and two new coats ______(see) in it.

10. His new novel _______ (finish) next week.

中考被动语态考题

1.The river smells terrible. People must __ dirty thing into it.(市中考

题)

A be stopped to throw

B be stopped from throwing

C stop to throw

D stop from throwing

2.This book __ often __from the library.(市中考题)

A aren’t take away

B taken away

C isn’t taken away

D be taken away

3.He ____ _____ (tell) to return his books to the library yesterday. (黄冈

市中考题)

4. Another man-made satellite was sent up into space by them last week (市中考

题)

____ ____ ____ another man-made satellite into space last week.变主动

语态

5.People there planted many trees last year.

Many trees _____ _____ by people there last year. (市中考题)

6. They grow vegetables on the farm.

Vegetables _______ ______on the farm(市中考题)

三根据短文意思填空

English ______(be) very widely ______(use). It ________(speak) by people in

England, the United States, Australia, and many other countries. It ________(be)

one of the working languages at international meetings. Most international business

letters ___________(write) in English. And quite a few books and magazines

___________(write) in English, too. If you __________(know) English, you

_________(find) you can ________(enjoy) so many books. English _______(be) really

a bridge to so much knowledge.

四将下列句子变为被动语态

1.Many people speak English.

2.People used knives for cutting things.

3.We can use the box as a table.

4.We should clean the classroom every day.

5.She will repair the bike tomorrow

参考答案一、1---5 DBABD 6---10 DCCDC 11---15 DBCDD

二、 1. are sent 2. will be built 3. have been eaten 4. have bee

n invented

5.were sold

6. can… be kept

7. hid, aren’t found

8. are taken

9. opened, are seen

10. will be finished

中考被动语态考题

1.B

2.C

3. was told

4.they sent up

5.were planted

6.are grown

三 . is ,used, is spoken ,is , are written, are written, knew, will find , enjoy, is.

新目标人教版九年级英语被动语态专项复习练习题及答案

( )1._____ a new library _____ in our school last year?

A. Is; built

B. Was; built

C. Does; build

D. Did ; build ( )2. An accident ____ on this road last week.

A. has been happened

B. was happened

C. is happened

D. happened

( )3.Cotton(棉花) ____ in the southeast of China.

A. is grown

B. are grown

C. grows

D. grow

( )4.So far, the moon ____ by man already.

A. is visited

B. will be visited

C. has been visited

D. was visited ( )5.A talk on Chinese history _____ in the school hall next week.

A. is given

B. has been given

C. will be given

D. gives

( )6.How many trees ____ this year?

A. are planted

B. will plant

C. have been planted

D. planted ( )7.A lot of things ____ by people to save the little girl now.

A. are doing

B. are being done

C. has been done

D. will be done ( )8.--When ___ this kind of computers______? --Last year.

A. did; use

B. was; used

C. is; used

D. are; used ( )9.The Great Wall ____ all over the world.

A. knows

B. knew

C. is known

D. was known

( )10.Who _____ this book _____?

A. did; written

B. was; written by

C. did; written

D. was; written ( )11.A story _____ by Granny yesterday.

A. was told us

B. was told to us

C. is told us

D. told us ( )12.The monkey was seen _____ off the tree.

A. jump

B. jumps

C. jumped

D. to jump

( )13.The school bag ___ behind the chair.

A. puts

B. can be put

C. can be putted

D. can put ( )14.Older people ____ well.

A. looks after

B. must be looked after

C. must look after

D. looked after ( )15.Our teacher ______ carefully.

A. should be listened to

B. should be listen

C. be listened

D. is listened

二、用括号所给动词的正确形式填空。(1×20=20分)(请注意时态和语态两个方面

............)

1.It's said(据说) that the long bridge______________(build)in two months.

2.Where to have the meeting ______________ (discuss)now.

3.Which language _______the most widely_______(speak)in the world?

4.The lost boy_____________(not find)so far.

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/7b18686915.html,st year a large number of trees______________(cut)down.

6. The students _____ often _____(tell) to take care of their desks and chairs.

7. The old man is ill. He ______ (must send) to the hospital.

8. Vegetables, eggs and fruits_________ (sell) in this shop.

9. What _______ knives ______ (make) of ?

They_______________(make) of metal(金属) and wood.

10. Can the magazine ________ (take) out of the library?

11. The room _____________ (clean) by me every day.

12. The stars can’t _____________ (see) in the daytime.

13. Some flowers _______________ (water) by Li Ming already.

14. This kind of shoes __________ (sell) well.

15. How long _____ your uncle ______(be) in the city?

16. The food _____________ (smell) delicious.

17. Look! Someone __________(dance).

三、按要求改写下列句子,一空一词。(1×30=30分)

1.Is tea grown in South China?(改为主动语态)

_______ people _________ tea in South China?

2.I am given a birthday present by my parents every year.(同义句转换)

A birthday present _______ _______ _______ _______by my parents every year.

3.The work is going to be finished in two days. (对划线提问)

How_______ _______ the work going to be finished ?

4. The children will sing an English song. (改为被动语态)

An English song ______ ______ _______ by the children.

5. You needn't do it now. (改为被动语态)

It ______ ________ ________ by you now.

6. People use metal for making machines. (改为被动语态)

Metal ________ _________ _______making machines.

7. He made me do that for him. (改为被动语态)

I ______ ________ ________ ______ that for him.

8.They are watching the football match.

The football match _______ _______ _______ by them.

9.Did they build a bridge here a year ago? (改为被动语态)

__________ a bridge ____________ here by them a year ago?

10.They have sold out the light green dresses. (改为被动语态)

The light green dresses ________ _________ ___________ out.

11.We call the game “Lianliankan”. (改为被动语态)

The game _______ ________ “Lianliankan” by us.

四、根据所给汉语完成句子,一空一词。 (1×10=10分)

①The new bike ______ ______ _____ ____(买给我)by my parents as a present last week.

②_______ your mobile phone _______ _______ ________(是国产的吗)?

③The whole mountain is _________ _________ (覆盖) the snow.

五、下列各句均有一处错误,请找出并改正过来。(10分)

①I have a lot of homework to be done tonight. ____________

②Is your history teacher listened carefully in class? ____________

③Lei Feng's name remembered by all Chinese people. ____________

④The music is sounded beautiful. ____________

⑤By who was this new educational CD-ROM designed ? _____________

Answers

1. B

2. D

3.A

4. C

5.

6.C

7.B

8.B

9.C 10. B11.B 12.D 13.B 14. B15.A

1.will be built

2. is being discussed

3. is spoken

4. hasn’t been found

5. were cut

6.are told

7. must be sent

8. are sold

9.are made , are made 10. be taken 11.is cleaned 12. be seen 13. have been watered 14. sells 15. has been 16. smells 17 is dancing 1.Do, grow 2. is given to me 3.soon is 4. will be sung5. needn’t be done 6. is used for 7. was made to do 8. is being watched 9. was built 10. have been sold 11. is called ① was bought for me ② Is made in China ③ covered with ①be done改为 do② listened改为 listened to ③ remembered 改为 was remembered ④is sounded 改为sounds ⑤By who 改为 By whom

初中英语被动语态讲解与练习

初中被动语态语法讲解 (一) 语态分类 英语动词有两种语态,主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如: They will build a new bridge over the river. (主动) A new bridge will be built over the river. (被动) 汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动,而英语用: 助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词构成。 (二) 被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化 主要体现在be的变化上,其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全一样。不同时态的被动语态,列表如下:一般现在时:am / is / are + done 一般过去时:was / were + done 一般将来时:shall / will + be done 一般过去将来时:should / would + be done 现在进行时:am / is / are + being + done 过去进行时:was / were + being + done 现在完成时:have / has + been + done 过去完成时:had + been + done 将来完成时:shall / will + have been + done 过去将来完成时:should / would + have been + done [注]被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。 (三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态 1. 一般现在时: (1)People grow rice in the south of the country. Rice is grown in the south of the country. (2)The school doesn't allow us to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher. We are not allowed to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher. 2. 一般过去时: (1)They agreed on the building of a new car factory last month. The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month. (2)The students didn't forget his lessons easily. His lessons were not easily forgotten 3. 一般将来时: (1)They will send cars abroad by sea. Cars will be sent abroad by sea. (2)They will give plenty of jobs to school-leavers. Plenty of jobs will be given to school-leavers. 4. 过去将来时: (1)The manager said they would complete the project by the end of the year. The manager said the project would be completed by the end of the year. (2) The workers told me they would mend the car as soon as possible. The workers told me that the car would be mended as soon as possible. 5. 现在进行时:

2018年度中考真命题分类汇编精讲11被动语态

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David

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歌诀是:被动语态be字变,过去分词跟后面。 三、主动变被动的方法 口诀:主变宾,宾变主,By 句尾跟 Be 字变,Vpp跟后面 一、选择题(2×15=30分) 一、选择题(2×15=30分) ( )1._____ a new library _____ in our school last year? A. Is; built B. Was; built C. Does; build D. Did ; build ( )2. An accident ____ on this road last week. A. has been happened B. was happened C. is happened D. happened ( )3.Cotton(棉花)____ in the southeast of China. A. is grown B. are grown C. grows D. grow ( )4.So far, the moon ____ by man already.A. is visited B. will be visited C. has been visited D. was visited ( )5.A talk on Chinese history _____ in the school hall next week. A. is given B. has been given C. will be given D. gives ( )6.How many trees ____ this year? A. are planted B. will plant C. have been planted D. planted ( )7.A lot of things ____ by people to save the little girl now.

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