英语翻译高级口译-笔记题(八)
英语翻译高级口译-笔记题(八)
(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)
一、{{B}}Note-taking and Gap-Filling{{/B}}(总题数：0，分数：0.00)
二、{{B}}A{{/B}}(总题数：1，分数：50.00)
Lackner, a {{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}energy expert at Columbia University, has designed an {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}tree that soaks up carbon dioxide from the air using "leaves" 1,000 times more efficient than true leaves. He explains: The leaves are {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}in a resin that contains sodium carbonate, which pulls carbon dioxide out of the air and stores it as a bicarbonate on the leaves. To remove the carbon dioxide, the leaves are {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}in water {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}and can dry naturally in the wind, soaking up more carbon dioxide. He {{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}} {{/U}}that our total {{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}}could be removed with 100 million trees. The removed carbon dioxide can be {{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}} {{/U}}and stored; however, there isn't enough space to store it. But {{U}} {{U}} 9 {{/U}} {{/U}}are coming up with {{U}} {{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}}, for example, peridotite, which is a great {{U}} {{U}} 11 {{/U}} {{/U}}of carbon dioxide. Another {{U}} {{U}} 12 {{/U}} {{/U}}could be the basalt rock {{U}} {{U}} 13 {{/U}} {{/U}}, which contain {{U}} {{U}} 14 {{/U}} {{/U}}gas bubbles. {{U}} {{U}} 15 {{/U}}
{{/U}}carbon dioxide into these bubbles causes it to form {{U}} {{U}} 16 {{/U}} {{/U}}limestone. However, Lackner thinks the gas is very useful and it can be used to make {{U}} {{U}} 17 {{/U}} {{/U}}fuels for transport {{U}} {{U}} 18 {{/U}} {{/U}}. We have the technology to suck carbon dioxide out of the air, and keep it out, but whether it is economically {{U}} {{U}} 19 {{/U}} {{/U}}is a different question. We have to decide whether the cost of the technology is socially and economically {{U}} {{U}} 20 {{/U}} {{/U}}the price.
Lackner, a {{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}energy expert at Columbia University, has designed an {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}tree that soaks up carbon dioxide from the air using "leaves" 1,000 times more efficient than true leaves. He explains: The leaves are {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}in a resin that contains sodium carbonate, which pulls carbon dioxide out of the air and stores it as a bicarbonate on the leaves. To remove the carbon dioxide, the leaves are {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}in water {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}and can dry naturally in the wind, soaking up more carbon dioxide.
He {{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}} {{/U}}that our total {{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}}could be removed with 100 million trees. The removed carbon dioxide can be {{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}} {{/U}}and stored; however, there isn't enough space to store it. But {{U}} {{U}} 9 {{/U}} {{/U}}are coming up with {{U}} {{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}}, for example, peridotite, which is a great {{U}} {{U}} 11 {{/U}} {{/U}}of carbon dioxide. Another {{U}} {{U}} 12 {{/U}} {{/U}}could be the basalt rock {{U}} {{U}} 13 {{/U}} {{/U}}, which contain {{U}} {{U}} 14 {{/U}} {{/U}}gas bubbles. {{U}} {{U}} 15 {{/U}}
{{/U}}carbon dioxide into these bubbles causes it to form {{U}} {{U}} 16 {{/U}} {{/U}}limestone. However, Lackner thinks the gas is very useful and it can be used to make {{U}} {{U}} 17 {{/U}} {{/U}}fuels for transport {{U}} {{U}} 18 {{/U}} {{/U}}. We have the technology to suck carbon dioxide out of the air, and keep it out, but whether it is economically {{U}} {{U}} 19 {{/U}} {{/U}}is a different question. We have to decide whether the cost of the technology is socially and economically {{U}} {{U}} 20 {{/U}} {{/U}}the price.
（分数：50.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：sustainable）
解析：[听力原文] Klaus Lackner, director of the Lenfest Center for Sustainable Energy at Columbia University, has come up with a technique that he thinks could solve the problem of carbon dioxide emissions. He has designed an artificial tree that passively soaks up carbon dioxide from the air using "leaves" that are 1,000 times more efficient than true leaves that use photosynthesis. "We don't need to expose the leaves to sunlight for photosynthesis like a real tree does," he explains. "So our leaves can be much more closely spaced and overlapped, even configured in a honeycomb formation to make them more efficient." The leaves look like sheets of papery plastic and are coated in a resin that contains sodium carbonate, which pulls carbon dioxide out of the air and stores it as a bicarbonate (baking soda) on the leaf. To remove the carbon dioxide, the leaves are rinsed in water vapor and can dry naturally in the wind, soaking up more carbon dioxide. He calculates that his tree can remove one ton of carbon dioxide a day. Ten million of these trees could remove 3.6 billion tons of carbon dioxide a year, equivalent to about 10% of our global annual carbon dioxide emissions. Our total emissions could be removed with 100 million trees, whereas we would need 1,000 times that in real trees to have the same effect. If the trees were mass-produced they would each initially cost around $20,000, just below the price of the average family car in the United States. And each would fit on a truck to be positioned at sites around the world. The great thing about the atmosphere is it's a good mixer, so carbon dioxide produced in an American city can be removed in Oman. The carbon dioxide from the process can be cooled and stored; however, many scientists are concerned that even if we did remove all our carbon dioxide, there isn't enough space to store it securely in saline aquifers or oil wells. But geologists are coming up with alternatives. For example, peridotite, which is a mixture of serpentine and olivine rock, is a great sucker of carbon dioxide, sealing the absorbed gas as stable magnesium carbonate mineral. In Oman alone, there is a mountain that contains some 30,000 cubic km of peridotite. Another option could be the basalt rock cliffs, which contain holes, solidified gas bubbles from the basalt's formation from volcanic lava flows millions of years ago. Pumping carbon dioxide into these ancient bubbles causes it to react to form stable limestone—calcium carbonate.
These carbon dioxide absorption processes occur naturally, but on geological timescales. To speed up the reaction, scientists are experimenting with dissolving the gas in water first and then injecting it into the rocks under high pressures. However, Lackner thinks the gas is too useful to petrify. His idea is to use the carbon dioxide to make liquid fuels for transport vehicles. Carbon dioxide can react with water to produce carbon monoxide and hydrogen—a combination known as syngas because it can be readily turned into hydrocarbon fuels such as methanol or diesel. The process requires an energy input, but this could be provided by renewable sources, such as wind energy. We have the technology to suck carbon dioxide out of the air, and keep it out, but whether it is economically viable is a different question. These trees would do the job for around $200 per ton of removed carbon dioxide, dropping to $30 a ton as the project is scaled up. At that price, which has been criticized as wildly optimistic, it starts to make economic sense for oil companies who would pay in the region of $100 per ton to use the gas in enhanced oil recovery. Ultimately, we have to decide whether the cost of the technology is socially worth the price, and that social price is likely to fall as climate change brings its own mounting costs. Economically too, if the price of carbon rises, then this could lead to two effects. Investing in air capture will likely be seen as an equivalent to "avoided emissions". And then it will become a worthy investment.
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：artificial）
解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：coated）
解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：rinsed）
解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：vapor）
解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：calculates）
解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：emissions）
解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：cooled）
解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：geologists）
解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：alternatives）
解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：sucker）
解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：option）
解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：cliffs）
解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：solidified）
解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：Pumping）
解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：stable）
解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：liquid）
解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：vehicles）
解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：viable）
解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：worth）
解析：
三、{{B}}B{{/B}}(总题数：1，分数：50.00)
Today, I want to discuss underground water. We wouldn't like to take out more than naturally comes into it. The {{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}is that if you only take as much out as comes in, you're not going to {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}the amount of water that stores {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}there. Right? Wrong. That's the {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}called safe yield. We can {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}as much water out as naturally flows back in. And the recharge {{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}}
{{/U}}doesn't change. So the {{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}}is we've reduced the amount of water that stores in the underground system. If you keep doing that long, if you {{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}} {{/U}}as much water out as naturally comes in, {{U}} {{U}} 9 {{/U}} {{/U}}the underground water level will {{U}} {{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}}. In the underground systems there are natural discharge points. Well, a drop of water {{U}} {{U}} 11 {{/U}} {{/U}}can mean those discharge points will {{U}} {{U}} 12 {{/U}} {{/U}}dry up. Sustainability and safe yield are {{U}} {{U}} 13 {{/U}} {{/U}}, because what sustainability means is that it's sustainable for all systems that {{U}} {{U}} 14 {{/U}} {{/U}}on the water, for the people who use it, and for {{U}} {{U}} 15 {{/U}} {{/U}}water to the {{U}} {{U}} 16 {{/U}} {{/U}}, like some streams. So, if we are using a safe yield {{U}} {{U}} 17 {{/U}} {{/U}}, we're only {{U}} {{U}} 18 {{/U}} {{/U}}what we take out with what gets recharged, but don't forget water also flows out. Then the underground amount gradually gets reduced and that is going to lead to another problem, the {{U}} {{U}} 19 {{/U}} {{/U}}and streams are going to {{U}} {{U}} 20 {{/U}} {{/U}}up.
Today, I want to discuss underground water. We wouldn't like to take out more than naturally comes into it. The {{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}is that if you only take as much out as comes in, you're not going to {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}the amount of water that stores {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}there. Right? Wrong. That's the {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}called safe yield. We can {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}as much water out as naturally flows back in. And the recharge {{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}}
{{/U}}doesn't change. So the {{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}}is we've reduced the amount of water that stores in the underground system. If you keep doing that long, if you {{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}} {{/U}}as much water out as naturally comes in, {{U}} {{U}} 9 {{/U}} {{/U}}the underground water level will {{U}} {{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}}. In the underground systems there are natural discharge points. Well, a drop of water {{U}} {{U}} 11 {{/U}} {{/U}}can mean those discharge points will {{U}} {{U}} 12 {{/U}} {{/U}}dry up. Sustainability and safe yield are {{U}} {{U}} 13 {{/U}} {{/U}}, because what sustainability means is that it's sustainable for all systems that {{U}} {{U}} 14 {{/U}} {{/U}}on the water, for the people who use it, and for {{U}} {{U}} 15 {{/U}} {{/U}}water to the {{U}} {{U}} 16 {{/U}} {{/U}}, like some streams. So, if we are using a safe yield {{U}} {{U}} 17 {{/U}} {{/U}}, we're only {{U}} {{U}} 18 {{/U}} {{/U}}what we take out with what gets recharged, but don't forget water also flows out. Then the underground amount gradually gets reduced and that is going to lead to another problem, the {{U}} {{U}} 19 {{/U}} {{/U}}and streams are going to {{U}} {{U}} 20 {{/U}} {{/U}}up.
（分数：50.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：implication）
解析：[听力原文] Last week we discussed some key terms widely used in dealing with environmental protection. I'm sure they are still fresh in your mind. Right? So in today's environmental science class, I want to discuss a few other terms here, actually some ideas about how we manage our resources. Let's talk about what that means. If we take resources like water, now maybe we should get a little bit more specific here, back from more general cases and talk about underground water in particular. So hydro geologists have tried to figure out how much water can we take out from underground sources. That has been an important question. Let me ask you guys, how much water, based on what you know so far, could you take out of, say, an aquifer under the city. As much as what gets recharged? OK. So we wouldn't like to take out more than naturally comes into it. The implication is that, well, if you only take as much out as comes in, you're not going to deplete the amount of water that stores in there. Right? Wrong. But that's the principle. That's the idea behind how we manage our water supplies. It's called safe yield. Basically what this message says is that you can pump as much water out of the system as naturally recharges, as naturally flows back in. So this principle of safe yield is based on balancing what we take out with what gets recharged. But what it does is it ignores how much water naturally comes out of the system. In a natural system a certain amount of recharge comes in and a certain amount of water naturally flows out through springs, streams and lakes, and over the long term the amount that's stored in the aquifer doesn't really change much. It's balanced. Now humans come in and start taking water out of the system. How have we changed the equation? It's not balanced any more? Right. We take water out but water also naturally flows out. And the recharge rate doesn't change. So the result is we've reduced the amount of water that stores in the underground system. If you keep doing that long enough, if you pump as much water out as naturally comes in, gradually the underground water level will drop. And when that happens, they can't fix service water. How? Well, in underground systems there are natural discharge points, places where the water flows out from the underground systems, out of lakes and streams. Well, a drop of water level can mean those
discharge points will eventually dry up, and that means water's not getting to lakes and streams that depend on it. So we end up reducing the surface water supply, too. You know, in the state of Arizona, we're managing some major water supplies with the principle of safe yield and under this method they will eventually dry up the natural discharge points of those aquifer systems. Now, why is this issue? Well, aren't some of you going to want to live in the state for a while? Won't your kids grow up here, and your kids' kids? You may be concerned with "Does Arizona have water supply which is sustainable?" Key word here. What does "sustainable" mean? The general definition of "sustainable" is whether it is enough to meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of the future to have the availability to have the same resources. Now, I hope you see these two ideas are incompatible: sustainability and safe yield. Because what sustainability means is that it's sustainable for all systems that depend on the water, for the people who use it, and for supplying water to the dependent, like some streams. So I'm going to repeat this. So, if we are using a safe yield method, we're only balancing what we take out with what gets recharged, but don't forget, water also flows out naturally. Then the amount stored underground gradually gets reduced, and that is going to lead to another problem: the lakes and streams are going to dry up. OK?
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：deplete）
解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：in）
解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：principle）
解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：take）
解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：rate）
解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：result）
解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：pump）
解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：gradually）
解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：drop）
解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：level）
解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：eventually）
解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：incompatible）
解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：depend）
解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：supplying）
解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：dependent）
解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：method）
解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：balancing）
解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：lakes）解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：dry）解析：
英译中笔记方法
英译中笔记方法 我历年的实践，发现学友们在学习口译上最大的难点在于笔记问题。因此我整理了一条实用的（E-C）英译中笔记方法，提供初涉口译的众学友学习。 首先，这里需要指出的是，大多数同学并没有意识到口译笔记的基本类型。在此为大家简述一番，其实口译笔记可以按照“源语和目标语”分为两类，在此以英语(论坛)和汉语为例。比如：“E-C”和“C-E”是两个不同的体系。（E-C即英译中；C-E即中译英）。 关于“C-E模式”的笔记，在中译英时口译者并没有听力上的挑战，所以在记录笔记时我们大都可从容应对；把握脉络、大意、关键词，并选择性的记录；而且还能保证主要意思都能记在脑中；即使没有系统训练过笔记法的学友，也可以通过强记和速写，把信息记全。 所以说，中高级口译考试时的“C-E模式”的句子或段落的笔记可以是挑选性的（selective）; 也可以做得“面面俱到”（every single point），而这时的要求就是你手写速度，清晰度（legibility）, 合理逻辑的布局和排列。 在这样的背景下，C-E模式的笔记体系就引入了大量的“符号”以简化速记的强度，提高速记的质量，使译者有更多的时间脑记。 比如这段符号：“中 e ↗+” 表示“中国经济的强劲增长。” 笔者纵观了各种专业课程、比较了热门的口译笔记法书籍，口译论坛和网站上的有关信息，发现对于这些“符号”并没有一个有明确的、规范的统一写法。完全是不同专家和从业者的各种个性化的笔记，加上一些共性的元素。比如：“全球”这个概念, 有时会写“w”；有时也写成“⊙” 。写法各异，但都属于认知常识范畴。 对于这一情况，我也反复告诫学友，口译上常见的表达和词汇，要用符号，因为用熟悉的“固定符号”更加容易想象到这些信息，所以大家就得掌握熟记这些符号，这样才可以在考试中赢得更多翻译和口译的时间。
口译笔记的具体例子
林超伦实战口译笔记实例详解 时间:2008-10-06 16:02来源:实战口译网站作者:林超伦点击:5367次 在这里，我将举实例介绍我的笔记方法，以及我如何以笔记与大脑短期记忆互动的方式保证译文的精确度。 由于口译条件的限制，其精确度不能以笔译的尺度衡量，也没有必要这样做。口译的听众与笔译的读者，需求不同，预期也不同。 由于使用实例讲解，无法把口译要点分门别类地举例。我将顺着例子讲下去。讲完之后，各项要点也就都包括其中了。 人脑思维速度极快，一闪而过的念头，解说起来会显得繁杂。不过，我希望你能在开始时，多一点耐心。很快你就会发现，我的讲解读起来似乎繁杂，但背后的思路，也就是说一旦使用起来，要明快得多。 开始前，提醒一下，不要忘了笔记是必需和记忆互动的。二者缺一不可。以下的实例解说，均以此为基础。 讲话原文 Following the 1997 election, in which the Labour Party came to power, the macroeconomic policy framework has been reformed. 第一层次：一个箭头，加97，再加"选"，足以帮助短期记忆，说出译文："1997年大选之后"。 第二层次：一个"工"加圆圈，提醒"工"字后面还有话。另外，一条垂直线体现出第二层与第一层有关联。此后一个箭头，再加"权"，足以帮助短期记忆，说出译文："工党上台掌权"。
第三层次：一个"M"加圆圈，提醒"M"字后面还有话。从短期记忆中回顾出"宏观经济框架"。 接着，一条横线体现关联，线后一个"改"字，于是补齐译文："对宏观经济框架进行了改革"。 最后划圈，带横杆，表示本段讲话到此结束。 备注：使用的4个汉字都经过"理顺"。其中2个是一笔成字。 The aim of this reform is to help provide a framework for improved macroeconomic stability and economic growth. 承上启下：一划从上段的"改"字左斜拉下来，接着往右一拐弯。足以从短期记忆中回顾出："改革的目的"。 第一层次：写一个"框"字。从短期记忆中顺着上文，不难说出："是为了提供一个框架"。 届此，听到"improved"，随之划一条上行箭头，再补一个"M"加圈，提醒"M"字后面还有话。这样就不难说出："以改善宏观经济稳定"。 若担心"M"不够，则可以加"稳"字，或一条水平横线代表之。 第二层次：此时，已听到"and economic growth"，于是在"M"之下写"经"字，或"E"外带上弧线。这就不难说出："促进经济增长"。 最后划个圈，顺手一横杆，表示本段讲话到此结束。 备注：采用了同传里的断句和变通技巧，在"框架"后断句，"improved"翻做"改善"；加"经济增长"前加"促进"两字完句。
林超伦讲解实战口译笔记要点精解
林超伦讲解实战口译笔记要点 笔记是高级口译的关键。使用笔记，是为了补充大脑短期记忆和耐久力的不足，以保证译文的精确度，并保证其不受讲话人持续时间的影响。 如果完全依赖记忆，又没有异常的天赋，即使精力充沛的年青人，也不能胜任高级口译对精确度和耐久力的要求。实际例子，我在工作中多次碰到过。高级口译员没有不靠笔记的。但是，高级口译使用的笔记与一般的概念，风马牛不相及。 请注意，每个人的记忆，思维，和反应都有各自的特点。没有必要全部照搬我的方法。最好用的笔记方式是你自己发展出来的，适合自己的系统。我的介绍是为了给你开个头，起个指点方向，打开思路的作用。 比如，笔记越简单，记录就越迅速。但笔记简单了，对短期记忆的要求就相对提高了。所以，笔记多少为最佳，因人而易，需要摸索出适合于自己的平衡。 要点是： 1. 少写多划。划线条比写文字快。线条形象，相当于翻译的"半成品"，有助译员眼看笔记，口出译文。两种情况下应该尽量用线条： 表示动作和动态的词句。比如，以上升的斜线代表"发展"，"增加"，"进步","进一步"；以下降的斜线代表"减少"，"下降"，"恶化"等等。 表示因果或前后关系的词句。比如，用一条线代表"因为/所以"，"…之后"，"在…之前"，以体现出上下前后之间的关联关系。 2. 少字多意。养成一个词的笔记不超过一个字的习惯。中文里有大量的词汇是由两个，或两个以上的字组成。只要看到其中一个，你的短期记忆就应该能够补齐其余的字。不必多写。比如，"中国"最多写个"中"。"北京"最多写个"北"。英文词也同理处理。"politics" 最多写"poli"，"government"最多写"gov"，等等。另外，需要培养以笔记与记忆互动；看到一个字能说出几个字，甚至一串词的能力。在有上下文的情况下，这不难。比如，谈中国的近况，听到"改革，开放"记一个"改"字，不难从短期记忆中说出原文。听到"British Prime Minister Tony Blair"，记"PM"，也同样能说出原文。 3. 少线多指。通用一小组线条/标记。否则在自己本来熟悉的中英文之外，又编出一套自己不熟悉的文码使用，会导致需要想一想用哪个符号的情况，适得其反。 4. 少横多竖。采取从上往下的阶梯结构记录，尽量少用通常书写时的横向记录。阶梯结构形象地体现出上下文的逻辑结构，简化了译员的思维过程，方便出译文。 5. 快速书写。必须发展自己的汉字快速书写系统。口译笔记完全是自己看，而且只需要几分钟之内能看懂就行。很多汉字笔划减少后，并不影响确认。我这里讲的不是潦草，而是除了实际口译经常不得不潦草之外，花一些时间，把练习中或口译工作中常用的字琢磨一下，看看可以怎样减少笔划，或理顺笔划，一笔成字。
2020高级口译攻略
2020高级口译攻略 高级口译分为两个部分——笔试和口试，且笔试通过才能参加口试。下面就和大家分享高级口译攻略，希望能够帮助到大家，来欣赏一下吧。 高级口译攻略 听力Listening 听力(一)：Spot Dictation和Note-taking and Gap filling 这两个大题都是考察速记能力的。要求填空的内容都是听力文稿中的原话，但难点在于朗读者语速较快。提高得分率最好的办法就是多听真题和模拟题。一遍过后若没有都能听出，则再次播放直到能完全填出所有内容。训练10篇以后，则只听一遍，模拟考试状态。 听力(二)：Listening Comprehension 1. 高级口译的听力短文多数考察细节题，所以在听的过程中一定要记笔记。 2. 由于听力的题目并未在卷子上呈现，所以我们可以从选项出发对问题有一个预判。
听力(三)：Passage Translation and SentenceTranslation 1. 边听*边把握*大意与主旨 2. 速记：记录数字，日期等，还有尽可能多的细节。最后争取把记下来的点统统用上，串联成一篇*。 3. 笔记：一定要整洁、有序、条理分明。否则*内容的先后次序会受到很大的影响。 4. 用词要简单直白 阅读Reading 阅读(一)选择 1. 高口的*相对较长，所以推荐的做题方法是先看题后去*找相关句子。 2. 针对不同题型的不同解法，这里就不赘述了。(具体要结合题目，可以参考《高级口译笔试备考精要》) 3. 高口的词汇远超六级。应试者最好能背完专四。若能背完专八，则更为稳妥。 阅读(二)问答题
1. 圈画。问答题的题目较为直白，但是需要回答的内容非常非常多，而且常常涉及好几段的内容，所以一定要在*中划出重点。 2.概括与总结。抄原句费时费力，而且会使答案缺少层次与逻辑。所以一定要对原文进行概括与整合。 翻译Translation 1. 熟练掌握《中高级口译口试词汇必备》上的内容 2. 在英译中的过程中若遇难词，先考虑通过上下文推测语境义，不行则跳过。 3. 在英译中的过程中需要调整语序。不要盲目求快，要通篇阅读，确定每句话的主语再进行翻译。 4. 在中译英的过程中，首先要确定每一句话的句型，由分句到主句。 5. 在中译英的过程中，求准确是最为重要的。若译者英语水平有限，可采取逐字翻译的策略。若有能力的同学，则可以根据每句话的主语，适当变动句型，运用从句、非谓语等复杂语法。 6. 翻译完毕之后，要检查语法以及拼写。 参考书目Books For Reference
(完整版)高级口译教程笔记unit2
UNIT TWO A CEREMONIAL SPEECH 阁下excellency 建交establishment of diplomatic relations 近海石油勘探offshore oil exploration 积贫积弱、任人宰割enduring impoverishment and long standing deblity 落后就要挨打lagging behind leaves one vulnerable to attacks. 刻骨铭心的教训never forgotten lesson 中华民族的伟大复兴rejuvenate the nation 不懈努力unremitting efforts 与时俱进keep pace with the times 第一要务on the primary task 发展是硬道理development is of overriding importance 科学发展观scientific outlook 和谐社会harmonious society 互利共赢win-win result 本着……的精神in the spirit of … 一贯奉行in persistent pursuit of 双边关系bilateral relations 祝酒join me in toast mission 代表团 gracious hospitality友好款待 convey 转达 bosom friend 知己 thriving and robust 蓬勃向上 megalopolis 特大型城市 boast 以……为自豪 unequalled 不能与……相媲美 miraculous rise 奇迹般地迅速崛起 financial giants 金融业的巨头 business community商业界 manufacturing industry 制造业 IPR(intellectual property rights) 知识产权 joint consultancy service 合资咨询服务机构transnational corporation 跨国公司last but not least 最后 at one's earliest convenience 在其方便的时候，尽早……cherish 珍惜 economic recession 经济不景气 ensure a sustained growth 确保持续增长 on the occasion of 请允许我借……的机会……Economic power 经济大国 Stay focused on 孜孜不倦的做 A moderately prosperous society 小康社会 海内存知己，天涯若比邻long distance separates no bosom friends 欢迎/ 开幕/ 闭幕词welcome / opening / closing speech / address 致开幕/ 闭幕词deliver / make an opening / closing speech 开幕/ 闭幕式opening / closing ceremony 签字仪式signing ceremony 友好访问goodwill visit 宣布……开幕declare…open; declare the commencement / opening of… 宣布……闭幕declare the conclusion / closing of… 发表热情友好的讲话make a warm and friendly speech 热情洋溢的欢迎词gracious speech of welcome 尊敬的市长先生respected / respectable / honorable Mr. Major 陛下Your / his / her Majesty 殿下Your / his / her Highness / Excellency / royal Highness 阁下our / his / her honor / Excellency 夫人madam 以……的名义in the name of 由衷的谢意heartfelt thanks 承蒙……的盛情邀请at the gracious invitation of 回顾过去look back on; in retrospect 展望未来look ahead; look into the future 最后in conclusion 提议祝酒propose a toast 荣幸地答谢您给予我们的热情招待have the honor of reciprocating your warm reception 愉快地答谢您热情洋溢的欢迎词have the pleasure in replying to your gracious speech of welcome 怀着对贵国人民的深厚感情with profound and amicable sentiments for your people 远道来访/来自大洋彼岸的朋友friends coming from a distant land / the other side of the Pacific 作为贵国人民的友好使者as an envoy of friendship of your people 随同贸易代表团来访的商界朋友friends from the business community accompanying the trade delegation 增进我们彼此之间的理解&友谊increase / strengthen / promote / expand our mutual understanding and friendship 促进我们之间友好合作promote / facilitate/ enhance / strengthen / advance our friendly relations of cooperation 符合两国人们的共同利益according with / agree with / conform to/ meet the common interests of our two people 现在我愉快地宣布第二十二届万国邮政联盟大会开幕。Now I have the pleasure to declare the 22nd Universal Postal Congress open. 我非常荣幸地宣布，太空开发北京国际会议现在开幕！我代表中国政府和人民，并以我个人的名义，向所有与会代表和来宾表示热烈的欢迎。It is my great honor to declare the commencement of Beijing International Conference on Outer Space Exploration. On behalf of the Chinese Government and people, and in my own name, I would like to extend my warm welcome to
2021年高级口译笔记文化交流
高级口译笔记文化交流 高级口译笔记-文化交流一、词汇 汉字的四声（平声、上声、仄声和去声） the four tones of chinese characters, namely, the level tone, the rising tone, the falling-rising tone, and the falling tone 笔画 stroke 部首 radical 偏旁 basic character ponent 象形文字 pictograph 独角戏 monodra ___/one- ___n play 皮影戏 shadow play 折子戏 opera highlights 单口相声 monologue ic talk
对口相声 ic cross talk 说书 monologue story- ___ing 传说 legend 神话 mythology 寓言 fable 武术 ___rtial art 气功 controlled breathing exercise 气功疗法 breathing technique therapy 春联 spring couplet 剪纸 paper-cut 戏剧脸谱 theatrical ___sk
草药的四气：寒、热、温、凉 four properties of medicinal herb: cold, hot, warm and cool 草药的五味：酸、苦、甘、辛、咸 five tastes of medicinal herb: sour, bitter, sweet, hot and salty ___四节气 the twenty-four solar terms 天干地支 the heavenly stems and earthly branches 清明节 the pure brightness day 端午节 the dragon boat festival 中秋节 the mid-autumn festival 文化事业 cultural undertaking 民族文化 national culture 民间文化 folk culture
英语翻译高级口译 笔记题四
英语翻译高级口译-笔记题(四) (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟) 一、{{B}}Note-taking and Gap-Filling{{/B}}(总题数：0，分数：0.00) 二、{{B}}A{{/B}}(总题数：1，分数：50.00) I'll start my {{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}by telling you a story. A young woman from {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}came to New York and got a job at a factory {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}by a Chinese. One day, her Chinese boss handed her a red envelope with 20 dollars. She threw the envelope back at her boss. Why? It is {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}to give money to young {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}people on the Chinese New Year. However, from her viewpoint, giving her money meant that he was asking her for sexual {{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}} {{/U}}. This story shows an action can have totally {{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}}meanings in different cultures. I'll say something more to {{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}} {{/U}}my point. First, in most Western countries, {{U}} {{U}} 9 {{/U}} {{/U}}often {{U}} {{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}}some sort of {{U}} {{U}} 11 {{/U}} {{/U}}, such as a {{U}} {{U}} 12 {{/U}} {{/U}}or a kiss. But most Asian people don't feel as {{U}} {{U}} 13 {{/U}} {{/U}}touching in public. Another different behavior is the use of {{U}} {{U}} 14 {{/U}} {{/U}}. Americans are quick to use people's first names, but people in most cultures prefer to be {{U}} {{U}} 15 {{/U}} {{/U}}as Mr. Brown or Ms. Honda, for example. Now I want to discuss eating {{U}} {{U}} 16 {{/U}} {{/U}}. In some cultures eating everything on your plate is considered {{U}} {{U}} 17 {{/U}} {{/U}}. However, Americans consider a {{U}} {{U}} 18 {{/U}} {{/U}}plate a sign of {{U}} {{U}} 19 {{/U}} {{/U}}with the food. Finally, I want to say something about gift-giving, which in many cultures has strict rules. For example, never give {{U}} {{U}} 20 {{/U}} {{/U}}flowers to people from Iran, which means you hate them! I'll start my {{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}by telling you a story. A young woman from {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}came to New York and got a job at a factory {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}by a Chinese. One day, her Chinese boss handed her a red envelope with 20 dollars. She threw the envelope back at her boss. Why? It is {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}to give money to young {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}people on the Chinese New Year. However, from her viewpoint, giving her money meant that he was asking her for sexual {{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}} {{/U}}. This story shows an action can have totally {{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}}meanings in different cultures. I'll say something more to {{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}} {{/U}}my point. First, in most Western countries, {{U}} {{U}} 9 {{/U}} {{/U}}often {{U}} {{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}}some sort of {{U}} {{U}} 11 {{/U}} {{/U}}, such as
英语口译笔记方法(3)
口译中的笔记 一、缩略词 英语当中缩略词使用的频率很高，如 IMP: important, ASAP: as soon as possible。熟练掌握缩略词，大有裨益。 缩略词的写法一般为四种方式： 拿掉所有元音 MKT:market MGR:manager MSG:message STD:standard RCV:receive 保留前几个字母 INFO information INS insurance EXCH exchange I owe you IOU I/O In stead of 保留开头和结尾个发音字母 WK week RM room PL people 根据发音 R are
THO though THRU through 口译听力常用英语缩略词表 缩略词原词 APT Apartment ACC Accountant ACDG According ACPT Accept AD Advertisement ADS Address ADV Advice AMAP As much/many as possible AMT Amount APV Approve ASAP As soon as possible BAL Balance BLDG Building CERT Certificate CFM Conform CNCL Cancel CNF Conference CMI Commission CMP Complete CMPE Compete/competitive CMU Communication CONC Concern/concerning/concerned
高级口译教程 笔记 unit 10 SCIENCE REPORT
UNIT TEN SCIENCE REPORT 第一篇 中国古代药王神农氏Shennong, the celebrated herbal master of ancient China 中医史上的萌芽阶段the embryo stage in the development of TCM 战国时期the Warring States Period 黄帝内经Huang Di’s Classic of internal Medicine 神农本草经Shennong’s herbal classic 主治、功用和毒性primary treatments, functions and toxic character 药典pharmacopoeia 救死扶伤healing the sick and saving the dying 职业道德规范professional work ethic 食补保健food treatment approach 延缓衰老defer senility 相互作用、互为依存be of mutual influence and interdependence 有机的整体an organic whole 诊断疾病diagnose disease 阴阳对立制约yin and yang are mutually opposing and constraining 互根互用be interdependent and mutually promoting 消长平衡proportionally change with the decrease of one, resulting in, or from the increase of the other 相互转化mutually transformational 健康的要素be essential for the maintenance of good health 指导思想guiding concept 临床治疗方法clinical treatment 针灸疗法acupuncture and moxibustion 按摩推拿medical massage 气功疗法deep breathing exercises 赢得广泛赞誉win worldwide acclaim 中医专业队伍TCM professionals 综合医院general hospital 第二篇 astrobiology 天体生物学 nitrogen 氮 hydrogen 氢 oxygen 氧气 photosynthesis 光合作用 equilibrium 平衡 meteor 流星 embedded 埋植 carbon compound 碳化合物hypothesis 假设 Antarctic 南极的 aesthetics 审美观 the Leonid meteor showers 狮子座流星雨debris 碎片 comet 彗星 The Azores 亚速尔群岛 Infrared spectrographs 红外线摄谱仪organic molecule 有机分子spectrographic 摄谱的 disseminate 散布 prebiotic life 前生物生命 galaxy 银河系 PRACTICE TEXT ONE 1.我很高兴在这里向各位简要介绍我国传统的医学，即中医。 It is my great pleasure to give you a brief introduction to China?s traditional medichine, known as “traditional Chinese medicine,”2.中医起源于6000年前的神农氏时代，这位著名的中医古代药王所生活的时代被认为时中医史上的萌芽阶段。 TCM originated with shennong, the celebrated herbal medicine master of ancient China who lived about 6 000 years ago, a time which is believed to be the embryo stage in the development of TCM. 3.战国时期的中医理论著作《黄帝内经》标志着中国医学独特的理论体系的形成。《黄帝内经》至今仍然被视为知道中医 理论的基础。 Huang di?s Classic of Internal Medicine, the theoretical work on TCM that emerged in the Warring States Period (475-221 BC), marks the establishment of Chinese medicine?s unique theoretical system. To date, this classic work is still considered as the theoretical basis guiding traditional Chinese medicine. 4.中医名著《神农本草经》总结了秦朝前的经验，共记载药物365种，按主治、功用和毒性分为三大类，是中国的一部 历史最悠久的药典。 Shennong?s Herbal Classic, the famous TCM work that sums uo medical experiences prior to the Qin (221-207BC) Dynasty, records 365 varieties of medicinal herbs and classifies primary treatments, functions and toxic character. This is the earliest pharmacopoeia ever found in China. 5.中医在长期发展过程中，逐渐形成了一整套医学原则和观点。 During its long process of evolution , the TCM science has gradually developed, yielding a complete set of medical principles and concepts. 6.首先，中医认为“万物一和为贵”。中医将“救死扶伤”视为只要道德规范。
英语高级口译笔记：常用符号
常用笔记符号： 箭头符号 ↑ 上升;提高;增强;上涨;增长;扩大;起飞;升空;提拔;晋升(grow, expand, develop, rise,go up, increase , ascend, launch, skyrocket, soar, appreciation,promote, upwards) ↓ 下降;下沉;降低;滑坡;轰炸;减少;恶化;降职;削减/裁减(drop to, bomb, jump, go down,descend, decrease, deteriorate, depreciation, reduce,downwards) ↗上扬;渐渐好转(become better and better) ↘下挫;不断亏损(become worse and worse) → 出口;去;向前;出国;前往;运往;导致;发展成为… (export to, enter, arrive in/at,present to, result in, send to, transmit to, lead to, export to,cause) ← 回顾;从前;进口;倒退;来自;源于(come from, originate from, receive from,go back to, import from)例如：café ← French意为: café源自于法语 数学符号 + 增加;补充;除此之外另外(furthermore, in addition to, with, and,besides, etc) —减少;删除;缺乏(minus, lack) ×表示“不对的，错的，坏的，不好的，臭名昭著的”(incorrect, wrong, bad,inappropriate, notorious) > 超过，大于，胜过，优于(more than, bigger than, surpass, better than,superior to) < 小于，不足，次于，逊色(fewer than, less than, worse than, inferiorto) = 等于符号(equal) 在听力笔记中相当于“与…一样”(equal to, the same as)，另外可以表示“是…的对手“(a ri-val, a competitor)等意思。那么， ≠ 表示否定意思“不等于”(not equal to )，或者“不是…对手”(no match for) ≈ 表示“大约，左右”(approximately, around, about, or so) ∑ 总和;总数(total, the total number/sum, totally)
上海市高级口译第一阶段笔试分类模拟笔记题(七)
上海市高级口译第一阶段笔试分类模拟笔记题(七) (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟) 一、Note-taking and Gap-Filling(总题数：0，分数：0.00) 二、A(总题数：1，分数：50.00) When 1 have spots, someone will tell them to eat less chocolate. Is there any 2 in his advice? First, is there any 3 that people who eat chocolate are more likely to have acne? Second, is there a 4 by which 5 chocolate could cause spots? Spots occur when skin 6 become blocked with sebum. Millions of 7 living on our skin can cause a spot. Is there a process by which chocolate could 8 ache? One theory is that since chocolate is fatty it could lead to more sebum and more blocked pores. Another is that large quantities of chocolate could 9 the levels of some 10 , leading to an increase in sebum production. One of the two studies looking at chocolate found the quantity of chocolate and 11 nuts made no difference to acne. The other study also found chocolate made no difference to acne. A study on more than 2,000 British soldiers suggested a possible link with 12 . But 13 studies meant that any 14 between food and acne was at best 15 . Then came the finding that no one in 16 populations in New Guinea and Paraguay had acne. Diet was back on the 17 . If diet makes a difference, then which kinds of foods have the biggest 18 on acne? Are they fat and sugar? The fact is that regardless of what people 19 , their acne gets better when they leave their 20 . When 1 have spots, someone will tell them to eat less chocolate. Is there any 2 in his advice? First, is there any 3 that people who eat chocolate are more likely to have acne? Second, is there a 4 by which 5 chocolate could cause spots? Spots occur when skin 6 become blocked with sebum. Millions of 7 living on our skin can cause a spot. Is there a process by which chocolate could 8 ache? One theory is that since chocolate is fatty it could lead to more sebum and more blocked pores. Another is that large quantities of chocolate could 9 the levels of some 10 , leading to an increase in sebum production. One of the two studies looking at chocolate found the quantity of chocolate and 11 nuts made no difference to acne. The other study also found chocolate made no difference to acne. A study on more than 2,000 British soldiers suggested a possible link with 12 . But 13 studies meant that any 14 between food and acne was at best 15 . Then came the finding that no one in 16 populations in New Guinea and Paraguay had acne. Diet was back on the 17 . If diet makes a difference, then which kinds of foods have the biggest 18 on acne? Are they fat and sugar? The fact is that regardless of what people 19 , their acne gets better when they leave their 20 . （分数：50.00） 解析：teenagers [听力原文] There are lots of claims and theories regarding the ill effects of ache on our skin, but a recent study unwraps the sweet truth about our guiltiest pleasure. When teenagers have spots, someone will tell them to eat less chocolate. Whether there"s any truth in this involves asking two questions: first, is there any evidence that people who eat chocolate are more likely to have acne; and second, is there a process by which ingesting chocolate could cause spots? Spots occur when skin pores become blocked with sebum. If the pore is partially blocked you get a blackhead. If it"s fully blocked you get a whitehead. All of us have millions of harmless bacteria living on our skin, and these can infect a blocked pore, causing a spot. If you get a lot of spots it is known as acne. If both your parents had acne when they were teenagers then you are more likely to have it too. The reason that adolescents are particularly prone to spots is that sebum-producing glands are