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《口译教程》汉英翻译参考译文

《口译教程》汉英翻译参考译文
《口译教程》汉英翻译参考译文

Lesson 1

1.3 美国副总统复旦演讲

韩市长,非常感谢您!谢谢您做介绍时的友好言辞。今天我们很高兴来到这里。我和我夫人为有这次机会再次来到中国访问感到荣幸。感谢贵国对我们的欢迎,特别感谢复旦大学的热情接待。我们为此感到不胜荣幸,谢谢你们!我们此行带来了布什总统和美国人民的良好祝愿。

我知道在座的许多人很快就要从这所优秀的大学毕业。我听说贵校有极为严格的标准,得到复旦大学的学位代表着多年的刻苦攻读和自我约束。我祝贺在座各位学业有成。对各位老师坚持复旦大学99年追求卓越的传统我深表钦佩。

1.4 Speech by Wang Guangya at Princeton University

Ladies and Gentlemen,

Good evening.

I am honored to be invited to your seminar tonight. For me, for my colleagues and for many other Chinese, Princeton has long been a familiar name. With a history longer than the country, it has produced many outstanding people,Woodrow Wilson, the 28th US president, Albert Einstein, the great scientist, and T. S. Eliot, the famous poet, to name but a few. As former president Bill Clinton said in 1996 at the celebrations for the 250th anniversary of Princeton,“At every pivotal moment in American history, Princeton, its leadership, faculty and its students have played a crucial role.”

I am more pleased to learn that all of you have a keen interest in China. Though our two countries are geographically far apart, we have a great deal in common in the everyday life. While many Chinese enjoy Hollywood movies and McDonald’s fast food, many Americans find that their clothes and daily necessities are made in China. I hope that today’s seminar will help you gain a better understanding of China and its foreign policy, thus deepening further our friendship and cooperation.

1.5 新工厂落成典礼上的讲话

各位尊敬的来宾,女士们,先生们:下午好!

欢迎大家前来参加我们公司在中国的首家新厂房的落成典礼!感谢各位拨冗光临,与我们共同庆祝这一盛大的活动!

我谨代表公司对今天来参加典礼的各位供应商、客户嘉宾、各位员工和业务伙伴说声“谢谢!”

公司管理层深深为我们的新工厂感到骄傲,我们能干的员工感到骄傲,他们发展了工厂的业务,使之达到国际水平。

新厂房标志着公司对中国业务的重视和承诺。

各位供应商,我们希望与你们携手共进,使我们的业务更上一层楼。

各位经销商,我们将继续向你们提供尖端的高质量产品,以协助你们做好客户支持,改善中国和东南亚许许多多人士的生活。

各位邻居和朋友,我们将成为良好的企业公民,与各位同行一起维护在中国开展业务的规范性。

最后,我们承诺给员工们提供一个安全、舒适的工作环境。

再次感谢各位与我们共同庆祝今天的典礼!

Lesson 2

2.3 大提琴家马友友

今天将与我们见面的是我们这个时代最杰出的大提琴家马友友先生。作为大提琴演奏家,马友友的职业生涯已经跨越20多年,期间他发行了50多张专辑。他的音乐获得过许多奖项,其中包括令人叹服的14项格莱美大奖。他也曾在许多重要的场合演奏,如格莱美的颁奖仪式和奥运会的开闭幕式。

马友友是出生在法国的华裔,父母都是音乐家,母亲是歌唱家,父亲是作曲家。第一次正式登台演出的时候,马友友年仅5岁。4年后年仅9岁的马友友就在纽约极具声望的卡耐基音乐大厅登台演出,此时他已随家人移居到美国。此后马友友进入茱莉亚音乐学院学习提琴演奏,从那儿他又转入哈佛大学,并获得人类学学位。他在哈佛的求学经历以及多元的文化背景都造就了今天的马友友。

而今,马友友仍在继续他的音乐之旅,积极地与来自世界各地的各种流派的音乐家合作。他的音乐灵感受到人和大自然的激发。在马友友看来,大提琴是他的声带的延伸。他演奏时最重要的一点是自始至终全情投入,努力将音乐的内容传递给现场的观众。

2.4 CNN interview with Jet Li

祝贺《英雄》取得了成功。请问您在《英雄》中扮演的角色是否与你通常演的角色很相似呢?

?It’s a very special part and a very special movie. I think it’s one of the most

important action films in my life.

?为什么你会这样说呢?你演过近30部电影,而《英雄》与其他影片有何

不同呢?

?Usually action films have a formula:A child whose parents have been

murdered by bad guys tries hard to learn martial arts and he grows up into an outstanding Kongfu master. He takes revenge and kills the bad buys. But “Hero” has a much broader them.

?就比如象《卧虎藏龙》?

?No, it’s totally different. I think Ang Lee is a very very talented director. He

uses martial arts to talk about love, you know. But Zhang Yimou tries to tell about Chinese culture, Chinese thinking and their inspirations about the world.

?含义的确很深。我们知道你的处女作是1979年拍摄的《少林寺》,那时

你还是个十几岁的少年。影片在亚洲引起了轰动,并且还加拍了两部续集。我想问的是,你使如何从一位武术冠军成为一名好莱坞的动作明星的?

?I think the most important thing is that when I was young, I learnt martial

arts. T hat is my special key. I can use my unique martial arts skills in the film.

I have been thinking about doing something different, like using martial arts

to talk about peace and to achieve peace.

?这听起来似乎是矛盾的,对吗?你是一位打斗者,却要谈“和平”?

?That’s right, because Chinese culture is not just martial arts. That’s only the

physical part.It’s not true that the Chinese people are all Kongfu masters and can just beat up people; and t hat they have no brains, no thoughts. As a matter of fact, we have a deep, strong and sophisticated philosophy. I feel I have the responsibility to share this information with the worldwide audience.

Lesson 3

3.3 Steve Forbes on Forbes

我祖父二十世纪初来到美国,他离开苏格兰时身上没有什么钱。连他在内有兄弟姐妹10人,不过他自小受到很好的教育。像许多人一样,他也是满怀憧憬和理想来到美国的。** 他创办了《福布斯》杂志,报道那些实干家,那些给商业社会带来变革的人。

我祖父常说,做生意不是为了堆积百万财富,而是为了带来幸福快乐。如今我们讲到公司和经营,文章中会用到许多数字,但是焦点一直放在人上面。**对公司而言,最重要的是人,而不是资产负债表。以前我祖父是这样看的,我们现在也这样看。

** 当前世界信息泛滥,足以将人淹么其中,人们迫切需要一本刊物来解读这些信息,告诉读者哪些重要哪些可以不必理会。这就是《福布斯》的价值所在。我们提供额外的视角和判断。我们从不停留于表面,总想看看公司到底如何经营的,正是当今芜杂繁多的信息使得《福布斯》日益重要。

3.4 Introduction to an arts and crafts company

Distinguished guests, dear friends:

I feel honored to have this opportunity to introduce our company to you through

the platform provided by this conference.

Founded 15 years ago, we are a company specializing in the design, manufacture and sales of handicrafts. Fifteen years ago our staff numbered 50; now the figure is 1,700. Fifteen years ago we rented a facility covering a floor space of 4,500 square meters; now our own facility covers a floor space of 24,000 square meters. These figures speak loudly and clearly of our success.

Our leading products are various architectural models, including exotic European cathedrals, the Empire State Building, the White House, and the Pentagon in the U.S., along with cartoon animal toys and Christmas gifts with a variety of designs. Our designs have become trend setters in the industry.

Today, our products are sold worldwide in more than twenty countries including Japan, Singapore, Australia, New Zealand, Canada, America, the UK, France, Italy, the Netherlands, Sweden, and Germany. They are well received by both local importers and customers.For fifteen years, our output value has maintained an annual growth rate of 30%.

3.5 财富500强

45年来,〈财富〉杂志一直给美国的大公司排名,这就是一年一度的“财富500强”,有时也将前面的100名成为“财富100强”。上榜的公司基本上都是头年收入名列前茅的美国本土公司。财富杂志根据上市公司的公开数据来计算收入,未上市的公司没有列入,因为它们的股票没有公开发行。国外公司在美国的分公司也不参与排名。

“财富500强”公司是美国规模最大、利润最多、实力最强的公司。论收入,即使500强排名最后的公司也是才大气粗,如去年排名最末的公司收入也超过30亿美圆。

除了介绍美国公司的“财富500强”之外,〈财富〉杂志还推出了“全球500强”,给各国的上市公司排名。当然,由于美国经济在全球经济中的主导地位,许多“财富500强”的美国公司也高居“全球500强”排行榜。

〈财富〉杂志也推出其他排名,如“100家受雇条件最佳公司”、“100家增长最快的公司”等。比较各种排名看看哪些公司重复上榜,是很有意思的事情。比如,在“100家受雇条件最佳公司”榜上排名第一的公司可能根本不在“财富500强”之列,而排在“财富500强”和“全球500强”前列的公司,却上不了“最受人尊敬的公司”排行榜。也许甲壳虫乐队说得对——爱是不能用金钱买来的。

Lesson 4

4.3 西敏斯特大学介绍

非常感谢你们的盛情款待,我们很高兴来到这里与你们相聚。很遗憾校长先生今天无法前来,我谨代表他介绍一下我们的学校。

西敏斯特大学成立于1838年,是英国第一所工科大学,所以我们学校有着悠久的历史。我们的主校区位于英国首都伦敦市的中心地带。目前我们的学生来自132个不同国家,人数超过22,700。西敏斯特大学是全英最受国际学生欢迎的15所大学之一。

我们有教师700多人,还有来自各国的客座讲师1,000余人。学校的这种国际环境为学生日后将要面临的职业生涯做好了良好的准备,我们的宗旨是提供国内国际环境下高品质的教育和科研。

我们是一所现代大学,在诸多研究领域占据领先地位,其中包括传播、文化与媒体研究、法律、亚洲研究、语言学、艺术设计(含音乐)、电子工程、政治与国际关系等,我们的主要学科均获得高度的专业认可。

我们真诚地希望与贵校建立交流合作项目。

4.4 Preserve core values of the Lunar New Year

To people of Chinese descent around the world, the Lunar New Year (also called Spring Festival) is undoubtedly the most important festival of the year. **Dating back 3,000 years, it celebrates the passing of a peaceful year and welcomes the new one.

The reunion dinner, eaten on New Year’s Eve, is de rigueur, with members of the extended family gathering for the most significant meal of the year. Even the absent members will endeavor to return home in time for it. It underscores the supreme importance of the family in Chinese culture, and aims at strengthening the sense of togetherness and cohesion.

The way people celebrate the New Year embodies two important core values. *The first value is the sense of family togetherness; members of multi-generation families are all there to have a big reunion dinner. Everyone will follow this custom. The female members are usually held responsible for preparing the dinner, and some rich families may take on extra hands. *The second value lies in the happy visits mutually made between friends and relatives, a good way to strengthen kinship and friendship.

However, economic development has resulted in some changes in lifestyles. After a busy year, people are tired of preparing for the reunion dinner, and would rather hold it in posh restaurants, despite the exorbitant costs. The festival door-to-door visits have given way to New Year greetings via telephone or text messages. Some families go away for a trip or even go to such extreme as to seek temporary refuge in a hotel so as to avoid being visited.

* Some tradition-minded people regard the reunion dinner and visits to relatives and close friends during the New Year as where core values are embodied, without which the holiday would lose much of its significance. Some pessimists contend

that, as the popularity of western culture grows, Chinese traditional festivals will gradually lose their original meaning and degenerate into commercial festivals like Christmas.

The Spring Festival is an important part of the Chinese cultural heritage, and it will continue to be celebrated. The modes of celebration may change, but the core value should be sustained: that of respect for kinship and friendship.

4.5 中英教育交流

Q:My question is about educational exchanges. You mentioned in your speech that there are large numbers of Chinese students studying in Britain. As we know, it is extremely difficult to get a scholarship at a British university. But the tuition fees for international students far exceed these for home students. So we can not help wondering about the motivation of British universities in enrolling Chinese students. Is it to promote educational exchanges with China and to liven up campus life in Britain, or just for a commercial purpose? Thank you.

A: 这实际上是出于多种考虑。我不否认有商业考虑,办大学也要花钱,不过教育交流是主要目的。奖学金难申请是因为钱要由政府出,有时候纳税人有意见,说政府应该把奖学金给本国学生而不是外国学生,所以很困难。

但是我们现在已经在扩大奖学金范围。事实上,过去几年,中国学生来英国留学人数大大增加了,这说明奖学金难归难,你们还是有办法来留学的。

我想教育交流在未来会非常重要,我也希望,每一次外国学生来英国学习,回去时就像是一个英国的大使,到他的国家为我们宣传,不管是在中国、俄罗斯还是哪个国家。所以我们在扩大教育规模,吸收更多海外留学生。所以你们继续申请奖学金,我们会尽力帮助的。

Q:Mr. Blair, welcome to Tsinghua University. I was deeply impressed by your support for Sino-British educational exchanges, but I was also sorry to learn that some universities in northeastern Britain have decided to cancel the major of Chinese Culture and Language, among them the University of Durham. Will this affect cultural and educational cooperation between our two countries? If so, what is your solution?

A: 讲到学校的课程,既然我听说了这件事,我打算回去看看究竟,不过大学做出这样的决定原因很多,也许是经济原因,或者是他们面临某种困难,这也是时有的事情。要把想做的事情办成,钱总是不够的。不过我也可以向你保证,我们会一如既往地欢迎中国学生来英国学习,就算杜伦大学没有合适的专业,其他大学也肯定有。

Lesson 5

5.3 温家宝总理在世界旅游组织第15届全体大会上的致词

Mr. Francesco Frangialli, Secretary-General of the World Tourism Organization,

Ms. Louise Frechette, Deputy Secretary-General of the United Nations,

All Delegates, Ladies and Gentlemen,

At this October time when Beijing is offering us its charming autumn scenery in the freshest air and clearest weather,the 15th General Assembly Session of the World Tourism Organization is officially opened here. On behalf of the Chinese government, I would like to extend our sincere welcome to all the guests here and to express our warm congratulations on the convening of this session.

Tourism is a nice and pleasant activity that combines sightseeing, recreation and health care. Tourism has been developing with the times. Since the mid of the 20th century, modern tourism has been booming at a fast pace across the world. The number of tourists has been increasing, the scale of tourism industry has kept expanding, and the position of tourism in the economy has been rising. Increasingly, tourism serves as a channel for cultural exchanges, friendship development and varied communication. It exerts more and more extensive influence on human life and social progress.

As a country with an ancient civilization and a long history, China is also a big oriental country full of modern vitality, blessed with a rich supply of unique and varied tourism attractions and resources. Besides the picturesque natural scenery, profound history and extensive culture, China embodies the different folk customs

of 56 nationalities/ethnic groups. Currently, 29 properties have been inscribed onto World Cultural and Natural Heritage List. With the reform and opening-up programs, China’s modern construction is surging ahead, and urban and rural areas are all experiencing daily changes. The ancient glory and modern boom combine most impressively to create favorable conditions for domestic and international tourism in China.

The fist 20 years of the 21st century is a strategic period for China to accomplish the all-round construction of a well-off society and to speed up its socialist modernization. It also provides a favorable time for its further development of tourism industry. We shall promote tourism as an important industry in China’s national economy, properly protect and utilize our tourism resources and try to achieve sustainable development. The Chinese government welcomes all international friends to visit China. We shall do our best to protect their health and safety. Meanwhile, we will encourage more Chinese people to go abroad for visits. We are ready to develop extensive cooperation with other countries and contribute to global tourism growth.

For many years, the World Tourism Organization has made active and effective efforts to gain tourism prosperity and development around the world. It has become a specialized agency of the UN. Here we would like to offer our sincere congratulations. We believe this WTO General Assembly session will give a major push to tourism in the world for greater prosperity and new development.

Finally, I wish the 15th General Assembly Session of the World’s Tourism Organization every success.

Thank you!

5.4 世界旅游组织简介

世界旅游组织是唯一接纳旅游经营者的政府间组织,它受联合国委托,在各国旅游业的宣传和发展工作中发挥核心作用。世界旅游组织成立于1975年,总部设在西班牙首都马德里。

世界旅游组织的宗旨是促进经济发展、国际了解、和平繁荣和对人权与人的基本自由的普遍尊重,并强调在贯彻这一宗旨时,要特别注意发展中国家在旅游事业方面的利益。

世界旅游组织的成员分为正式成员、联系成员和附属成员三类。正式成员是指所有的主权国家成员。联系成员指的是哪些不必负责外交事务的地区。这些成员需要经过为他们承担外交责任的政府的批准方可成为成员。

附属成员的范围十分广泛,包括直接从事旅游业或与旅游业有关的组织和企业,如:航空公司以及其他运输公司、饭店、餐馆、旅游批发商和零售商、金融机构、保险公司、出版集团等。

到2003年,世界旅游组织有141个正式成员国、7个联系成员和350个附属成员,他们代表着私营部门、教育机构、旅游协会以及地方旅游管理机构。

5.5 现代化与文化遗产的保护

主:Welcome to our studio. My first question is: how many years have you been in China?

宾:三年多了。我是2002年5月底来的。

主:3 years. I bet you have witnessed a lot of changes in China. Could you tell us your deepest impression of urban development in China?

宾:我恐怕只能就我所在的城市谈谈经验,不过从周边城市的所见所闻,我也会有同样的看法。所有的外国人都非常清楚地看到,中国和中国的许多城市都在快速地发展。我想在东部沿海城市更是如此。到处矗立着崭新的高楼大厦,马路变得更加宽敞。

主:What do you think of all these tall buildings and the widened roads? Do you think that these are signs of modernization? Are all these changes good?

宾:这个问题提得好,但是我觉得这是个相当复杂的问题。

主:Why is it complicated?

宾:这个问题得从两个不同角度来谈。一方面是我作为一个外国人所期待的……我想看的,我感兴趣的和中国人想看的或者想让我看的肯定是不一样的。另一方面就是现代化与旧城文化保护相互冲突的问题。

主:Then let’s see what are the differences between a foreigner’s expectations and what the Chinese would like to see.

宾:这个问题看来最好这么来谈,一般情况下,中国朋友带我们参观城市的时候,都是带我们去看现代建筑,比如机场、大桥、会展中心等等城市里最新的东西。但是外国人对老城区、小街小巷、古旧建筑更感兴趣,也就是那些使这个城市有别于我们所看过的其他城市的东西。一个外国人到过的其他地方可能比一般中国人多,所见过的机场和桥梁对他们来说没什么太大的不同,但是西安的庙宇他们就觉得有别于法国的教堂,更重要的是,中国城市的老房子更有别于英国城市里的老房子。

主:That is to say, foreigners are interested in the things unique in China, but there is a contradiction between modernization and preservation, as you mentioned just now from another perspective. The space of a city is limited; the old part of the city should be reconstructed, and in fact the new buildings are symbols of the prosperity of a city. Isn’t this a good thing?

宾:当然,繁荣与发展对你们来说是很重要的,对我们也是很重要(你们认为发展很重要,我也这么看)。问题是当一个国家发展的时候,人民的生活水平也随之提高,甚至可能提高很快。他们需要让别人看到这种变化的事实。你们

似乎忽略了,对以前的事物需要加以保护,不止是保护那些庙宇或者宫殿,而且应该保护人们居住的房屋,保护老城区的原貌。文化遗产一旦遭到破坏,你们是无法挽回这种损失的。

主:You are quite right. People nowadays are starting to realize the importance of the preservation of heritage. Some local governments are making great effort to deal with the contradiction between development and preservation. Well, because of the limitation of the time, I’m afraid we have to stop now. Thank you ever so much for your coming to discuss this topic with us. We hope you’ll come again.

Lesson 6

6.4. 国际烟草控制公约

女士们,先生们:

首先,我要告诉大家一个好消息。一个以降低死亡与疾病主要原因为目的的公约刚刚生效。这个公约就是《烟草控制框架公约》,它是由世界卫生组织主持达成的第一个(具有法律效力的)国际公共卫生条约。

已经有160多个国家在公约上签字,签约国必须在各自国家批准该公约。迄今为止,已有近60个国家批准了该公约,** 然而只需40个国家批准即可生效。该公约在2005年2月27日生效。

各缔约国必须提高香烟和其他烟草制品的价格和税费,必须打击烟草制品的非法交易,必须采取措施减少公共场所被动吸烟等。

公约还禁止烟草广告以及烟草商进行其他营销活动,但是这样的限制不能违背相关国家的宪法规定。

公约号召烟草公司公布用以制造香烟的所有材料,此外,健康警告所包含的信息不能使公众误以为某些香烟的危害程度比其他香烟低。专家告诉我们,所有香烟都是不安全的。

缔约国还必须支持开展帮助人民戒烟的活动,应该开展告诫人们不要吸烟的教育活动。

世界卫生组织的研究表明,全球目前有烟民约10亿人,其中超过80%的烟民生活在发展中国家。经常吸烟的人有一半死于吸烟,每年世界上有近500万人因吸烟而死亡,专家指出,按照目前的增长速度,到2020年,这个数字将达到1,000万。

吸烟导致并增加患上各种疾病的危险,这些疾病包括癌症和心脏病。吸烟的孕妇可能伤害胎儿。最近研究提供了更多事实,证明孩子从小就吸入烟雾,长大后得肺癌的危险性增大。

《烟草控制框架公约》广受世界人民的欢迎,但是还需要制定补充性协议

来增强其效力。比如,发展中国家贯彻公约需要资金的支持。对于那些没有贯彻执行的国家还没有处罚的条例,不过他们的表现记录将在联合国大会接受检查。

我的话完了,谢谢大家!

6.5 艾滋病的防治

A:王先生,早上好!非常感谢您抽时间接受我们的采访。请您介绍一下中国目前艾滋病传播情况。

B:Well, in China, HIV/AIDS has become a very serious problem related to social development. There’ve been cases of people being accidentally infected with HIV/AIDS, through accepting contaminated blood from hospitals, babies acquiring the disease from their mothers, having improper sexual relationships. From the time we discovered the first AIDS patient in 1985, our country has entered a period of rapid increase in AIDS infections. Experts estimate that more than 900,000 people had been infected with HIV by the end of last year. If we don’t take some efficient measures, this number will double by 2010.

A: 您认为增长这么快的主要原因在哪里?

B:First, because of poverty, people lack education and information about the prevention of HIV/AIDS. Second, ignorance. People do not pay much attention to this problem. Third, they lack proper resources, things like training, money and information. According to reports, we do not yet have an efficient medicine to cure HIV/AIDS.

A: 政府已经采取了哪些具体的措施来控制艾滋病在中国的蔓延呢?有什么国际合作吗?

B:We have already got very strong support from the international community, especially on the technical side. And on the domestic front, we’ve recognized that making our people understand and raising their awareness is very important. So, common sense, health education and behavioral changes are the only way for people to avoid HIV infection.

A: 贵国政府在发布警报以及增强公众对艾滋病传播危险性的认识方面一直都在怎么做?特别是在农村地区?您认为要解决这个问题还应该进一步做些什么?

B: Firstly, I think the government should improve our monitoring system, and secondly, NGOs should try their best to mobilize all the resources we can use to help the people, especially people at the grass roots and the rural areas, to let them know the terrible results of the spreading of the disease and how to prevent HIV/AIDS. I think we should do more advocacy work among the people.

A: 非常感谢您回答我们这么多问题。预祝你们在与艾滋病的斗争中取得成功。

B:Thank you.

7.3 极限运动

过去,爱好体育的年轻人玩的是曲棍球或棒球,如今他们追求的是冒险和刺激――越接近极限越好。他们踩着踏板从悬崖上方滑过,骑着山地车沿着陡峭的山峰而下,乘风帆迎着飓风冲浪,在湍急中漂流,从塔台往下蹦极跳。

极限运动最初是作为昂贵的运动项目的替代品。城市里的孩子如果买不起贵的运动器材,买个滑板也能玩得兴趣盎然。但现在极限运动已经成为体育运动中一个全新的领域,需要有特制的装备和高超的技巧。甚至还有专为极限运动而设立的称为冬季极限运动会的特奥会,比赛项目包括雪山赛车和攀冰运动等。每年夏天在美国的罗得岛都会举行极限运动竞技比赛,比赛项目包括冲浪式特技跳伞,即在打开降落伞前踩着小冲浪板乘风翱翔的一种特技跳伞等。

是什么原因使得极限运动如此受欢迎呢?我向主要是因为人们喜爱惊险刺激。特别是城市居民渴望在周末走到户外从事一些具有挑战性的运动。借助现代先进的装备,人们能参与更惊险的运动而无损毫发。危险正是极限运动的部分魅力所在。一旦你尝试过山地骑车或是雪地滑板,会觉得普通的自行车或滑雪运动很乏味,难以退而去享受它们的乐趣。

当然,极限运动并不适合所有人。大多数人还是更喜欢玩篮球、棒球或是观看电视上的体育节目。不过极限运动确实是越来越受欢迎了。这种新颖刺激的运动很可能在将来成为风潮。

7.4 罗格在雅典奥运会上的致辞

希腊共和国总统先生,

亲爱的希腊朋友,

今晚,全世界向希腊致意三重敬意。

人类感谢你,因为你于2,800年前,在奥林匹亚创立了奥林匹克运动会。世界崇敬你,因你在现代奥林匹克运动的奠基人皮埃尔.德.顾拜的号召下,于1896年就在雅典重新恢复了这项盛事。

最重要的是,今晚全世界为你欢呼致意,感谢你举办这一届奥运会,让奥林匹克运动会回到了它的诞生之地。

感谢所有支持奥林匹克运动会的人,特别要感谢伟大的自愿者们,没有他们

的付出,就没有今天的盛会。

所有参赛的运动员,我想对你们说的是,这是你们理应享受的一刻,是你们的所有辛劳和奉献的巅峰时刻。请通过你们的行为——拒绝兴奋剂和奉守公平竞技的原则,让我们相信体育运动正日益变得可信和纯洁。

我们的世界需要和平、宽容和友爱。

来自世界上202个国家的运动员,请向我们展示:体育运动能克服民族、政治、宗教和语言的障碍将人类联合在一起。

愿本届奥运会能真正体现在此制定的奥林匹克休战书的精神,在和平中举行。感谢雅典!感谢希腊!

现在,我荣幸地邀请希腊共和国总统宣布第28届现代奥林匹克运动会开幕。

7.5 The Olympic flame illuminates Beijing

June 8-9, 2004: history shall forever remember the date. The Olympic Flame came down to China’s Divine Land with mankind’s yearning for peace, friendship, civilization and progress and with the Greek people’s friendship fo r the Chinese people. rom Travling from Olympia to the Great Wall, the blazing Olympic torch has brought the Olympic spirit to Beijing, and, after illuminating Chinese people’s desire for peace, their wish for participation and their appreciation of the Olympic spirit, the torch has traveled across the five continents to every corner of the earth with the Chinese people’s hearty blessing.

With the centennial impressiveness of the Olympics and the millennial civilization of Chinese history, the Olympic Flame has tied closely together Beijing and

Athens, the Chinese people and the people of other countries.

Wherever the torch went, the TV cameras focused on were like unfolding one by one our beautiful picture rolls of unique traditional eastern culture. Beijing, built more than 3,000 years ago and regarded as the ancient oriental capital for over 850 years, continually radiates its charm, to be found along the wide streets and narrow lanes, between the high buildings and large mansions. Its primitive simplicity and latest modernity, its dignity and vigor reflect Beijing’s greater openness, display the Chinese nation’s progress and civilization, how the people live actively and optimistically, enjoy their lifestyles and yearn for the Olympics, and present the

C hinese people’s passionate longing and preparing for the 2008 Beijing Olympic games. Not only in Beijing, but also in Qingdao, the co-host city and sub-site for competition for the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games, the people, in their own way, express their warm welcome to the Flame, with countless sails plowing through the blue sea and numerous drums sounding loudly together on the sandy beaches.

On August 29th, Beijing will take over the Olympic flag from Athens. From that moment onward, the attention of the whole world will be focused on Beijing and its preparatory work will be arranged according to a new schedule. We will carry out all the preparations to the highest standard, with the highest quality and at the highest level. We will realize far more widel y and deeply the ideals of a “Green, Hi-tech, People’s Olympics”.

We believe that, with the supports of the IOC, of friends in their countries, of

overseas Chinese, of our Party Central Committee and State Council and of the whole Chinese people, we are sure to bring into effect the strategic blueprint of “New Beijing, Great Olympics”, and we are sure to dedicate to the world these Olympic Games which will perfectly embody the Olympic ideal and spirit.

May the Olympic Flame blaze forever.

We hope to meet in 2008 in Beijing.

May the Olympic torch be handed down from generation to generation.

May the Olympic spirit be promoted around the world.

Lesson 8

8.3 温家宝总理谈中国政治体制改革(《华盛顿邮报》采访)

A:中国的经济改革发展迅速,使得中国在短期内取得高速增长。中国是否需要加快政治改革以跟上经济改革的步伐?

B:China embarked on the road to reform and opening up in 1978. Our reform is a comprehensive one which includes both economic and political restructuring. Precisely as Mr. Deng Xiaoping pointed out, without political reform, economic reform would not be successful. In essence, political restructuring in China aims at integrating the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party, the people’s role as masters of their own affairs, and the rule of law in the conduct of public affairs.

At present, it is particularly important to do a good job with regard to the following. First of all, we should develop democracy to safeguard people’s democratic rights and to respect and protect their human rights. Secondly, we should improve the legal system through better legislation, better administration according to the law, and greater judicial reform. Thirdly, we should run the country according to the law, making our socialist democracy more institutionalized, standardized and regularized, and in this way we can make sure that it will not change because of changes in the leadership or changes in the views and priorities of leaders. Fourthly, we must strengthen supervision, and we should make sure that the government is placed under the supervision of the people. We have to develop democracy and

strengthen supervision. Only in this way can we make sure the government will not relent in its efforts, and this would help avoid a situation whereby the government would be a failure.

China is a big country with 1.3 billion people. So, political reform should be pressed ahead in an orderly fashion and in a well-organized manner.Now there exist many misunderstandings. For instance, with regard to freedom of religious belief. Freedom of religious belief is clearly written into China’s constitution. China currently has over 100 million religious followers and over 100,000 religious sites.

Since the beginning of the reform and opening up, one religious site has been either built or restored every three days. There are quite a number of religious sites around the Zhongnanhai. For instance, to the east of Zhongnanhai, there’s the Wangfujing Catholic Church. To the south, there’s the Islamic mosque on Niujie Street. To the north, there’s the Yonghe Buddhist Monastery. To the west is the Baiyun Taoist Temple. Nearest to Zhongnanhai is the famous Sishiku Catholic Church, which has a long history in China. If you visit these religious sites, I’m sure you will see people practicing their religious faith.

A:今后中国在政治改革方面还会有什么步骤?比如说现在的直接选举,是否会从基层推进到乡镇?

B: At the moment, we have introduced the practice of self-administration and direct elections in 680,000 villages. This is a great innovation, and it is also very good practice for Chinese farmers. We have also introduced suffrage for the election of people’s deputies at the level of townships,counties and urban cities without districts.Indirect elections are held for the leadership of the provinces, and of municipalities with districts, as well as for the central authorities. Why? This is because China is such a huge country with such a big population. It is still underdeveloped, and economic development is uneven between regions. So conditions are not ripe for direct elections at the higher levels. The fist hindrance in my view is the inadequate education level of the population.

8.4《华盛顿邮报》总编谈中国

有人说,《华盛顿邮报》经常把中国描绘成一个“共产主义的专制国家”,那里的人民“没有民主,没有自由”。他们问为什么《华盛顿邮报》对这些负面的字眼如此感兴趣?对此,我不能赞同。首先,包括《华盛顿邮报》和《纽约时报》在内,几乎所有的美国大报今天都不再将中国称为“专制国家”。《华盛顿邮报》已经有很长时间不再使用这类词汇了。今天,我们依然称中国为“共产党国家”,那是因为这是一个事实,中国确实是由共产党所统治的。

今天,《华盛顿邮报》正在努力尝试去理解中国的复杂性。去年本报就发表

了好几篇有关中国市民社会的长篇报道。这些报道主题多样,内容涉及到网络、工人、政府与个体的冲突等等。这些报道全面反映了中国的复杂性。

中国是一个大国,每天都在发生很多不同的事情,这些事情很多是自相矛盾的。比如,中国的经济成就在短时间内让成千上万的老百姓脱离贫困,这是人类历史上任何其他国家都望尘莫及的。但同时中国也面临许多矛盾。全世界都在拭目以待,看中国领导人如何解决这些矛盾。

我们都应该向中国学习。中国对我们未来生活的影响将会越来越大。在过去的50年中,美国发生的一切影响到了全世界众多地方。今天,中国的作用与美国有异曲同工之妙。作为正在崛起的经济大国,中国将对世界——包括美国——发挥却来越大的影响力,尤其是在经济领域。中国人民将很快接受这样一个事实,那就是中国发生的事情将对世界产生巨大的影响。

我到过中国三次。第一次是在1999年。第二次是2001年3月,期间我有幸采访了中国国家主席江泽民。第三次是2003年11月,期间我又采访了中国国务院总理温家宝。中国有令人难以置信的活力,中国文化也是如此丰富多彩。每次到中国,我都感觉自己看到了世界的未来。中国是个极富魅力的国家。每次到中国,我都看到学到了一些新东西。中国的景色无与伦比,发展潜力巨大。我认为,中国如何应对今后的挑战将决定这个星球的未来。

我认为自己没有资格来评价中国的领导人。每次采访中国领导人的时候,我都深切感到他们准备充分、专注投入、知识渊博,对中国在世界舞台上扮演的角色中满了自信。**【中国如此庞大,有这么多的问题需要对付,人民贫富差距如此之大,世界上恐怕再也找不出比管理中国更复杂的工作了。】这比当美国总统难得多,尽管两者有诸多不同之处。

8.5 与中国的理智关系——霍华德欢迎胡锦涛访问澳大利亚联邦议会

尊敬的众议长先生、参议长先生:

我代表澳大利亚政府及各位议员,热烈欢迎中华人民共和国主席胡锦涛来到澳大利亚联邦议会,同时也欢迎胡夫人以及中方的所有成员。

毫不夸张地说,若是在10年前,这样的访问活动是非常不可能发生的。同样,要是在10年前,我也无法想象作为澳大利亚的总理,我能有机会在北京对中国共产党中央党校的官员做演讲。而在2002年,我作为西方中右派政党的领袖,我确实这样做了。

我认为,这说明了几个问题。这说明世界已经发生了一些变化。这说明澳中关系具有理智的特征,因为2002年我的访问和今天胡主席的来访并没有以两国牺牲各自独特的传统为条件。我认为澳中关系是成熟而务实的,是以日趋紧密的人员往来为基础的。两国处于不同的社会,拥有不同的文化、传统和历

史,完全没有必要回避这一事实。可以说,澳大利亚两大政治派别的历届政府一直努力在两国关系中体现这一事实,这对双方都有巨大而长远的好处。

因此,从这几点来说,澳中关系是非常成熟和务实的关系。人员往来是极其重要的,我可以这样说,如今在澳大利亚最普遍的外语是汉语的一种方言。3%的澳洲人口,也就是超过55万人,具有中国血统。就我个人而言,在我所代表的碧尼龙选区,13.3%的选民具有中国血统。澳大利亚的中国留学生达到了34,000人。

……

胡主席、胡夫人,非常欢迎你们的来访。感谢你们的到来,祝你们身体健康。相信你们会受到澳大利亚人民的热烈欢迎,他们会以行动展示出他们对两国关系的重视。

Lesson 9

9.3 Multivariate family planning policy in China

It has been over two decades since China adopted the Family Planning Policy. However, there still exist misunderstandings about this policy. People mistakenly think that China’s Family Planning Policy equals the One Child Policy, which allows one couple to have only one child. Their impression is that this policy is implemented more strictly in urban areas: in cities where people are better off, one couple can have only one child, while in the poor rural areas, one couple can have two or three children. Furthermore, they think that the One Child Policy is the cause of gender imbalance. I will now clarify these misunderstandings.

As a matter of fact, the policy adopted in the early 1980s is a multivariate policy called the Family Planning Policy, or the fertility policy. Its multivariate nature can be proved by two facts.

First, the total fertility rate in China now stands at 1.8, which means there is more than one child per family in most areas. For example, there is generally only

one child in a family in urban areas, but two in rural areas, and three in ethnic minority areas.In some areas, like Tibet, there are no restrictions at all on the number of children a family can have. We can tell from this fact that China’s Family Planning Policy varies in accordance with the economic and social development level of different areas.

Secondly, China is seeing an unbalanced sex ratio at birth at the moment. The sex ration at birth refers to the number of boys born per 100 girls born. This is not the same concept as the sex ratio of the total population.

The unbalance is not entirely the result of the Family Planning Policy. I would like to cite two interesting examples. My first example is the Republic of Korea. In 1988, the sex ratio at birth in the ROK was 114, and the ratio now in China is 117. I believe there was no family planning policy in the ROK. My second example is Singapore, whose sex ration at birth in 1984 was 109. Why is it a common problem in Asia? There are two main reasons. The first reason is the influence of traditional culture and ideology,that is, a preference for sons, which poses a great problem for the sex ratio at birth. Second, China’s unbalanced birth ratio is attributable to the poor social security system in rural areas.

The Chinese government has launched a nationwide Girl Care Projec t to hamper the rising sex ratio at birth. This project aims to educate the general public to abandon their traditional preference for male children and to advocate female children’s status and rights. Secondly, the Chinese government is also making an effort to establish and improve the social security system, particularly in rural areas.

Thirdly, the phenomenon of allowing one child for urban families and two to three children for families in poor areas called as reverse selection of population quality. I have two points to make in this regard. The policy in rural areas is made in accordance with the economic situation there. The social security system is being gradually improved in rural areas. If a stringent One Child Policy is to be introduced in this process, the household insurance coverage is likely to be reduced for rural families. Therefore, the number of children allowed in rural families is dependent on the economic situation.

9.4 过去150年来,工业国家的老年抚养比,即老年人同年轻人的比率,持续上升。二战后的“婴儿潮”时期,增速大幅放缓。但是,随着“婴儿潮”一代达到退休年龄,抚养比还将继续快速上升。

尽管美国的变化预计将不如其他地区突出——尤其是欧洲和日本,但是美国仍将面临严峻的挑战。到2035年,美国的劳动适龄人口年均增长率预计将

汉英翻译篇章练习

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杨士焯《英汉翻译教程(第2版)》笔记和课后习题详解(翻译写作篇)

第8章翻译写作篇 8.1 复习笔记 一、汉语的表达优势和行文特点 1. 精炼简约 汉语文章的这一特点,与汉语词汇的特点有关。 (1) 词本身没有形态变化,即它没有性、数、格、时态这些形式上的变化。如“你去”“我去”“今天去”“明天去”,都是一个“去”,词的语音和书写都没有发生变化。 (2) 语词具有一定的伸缩性。许多单音节和双音节的词一经重叠,即表示另外的意思,词性也可能发生变化。如“人——人人”“说——说说”“高兴——高高兴兴——高兴高兴”等。 (3) 许多双音节词还可以在特定的语境下节缩,并不影响原来意思的表达。如“无(执)照经营”“毫不利(自)己,专门利(他)人”“供(应)需(求)见面”等。 (4) 大量的成语、典故、俗语、谚语、格言等,以极少的文字包容了大量的信息。如“负荆请罪”“叶公好龙”等。 2. 富于意象 所谓意象,即感情与形象的有机结合。如“木欣欣以向荣,风飘飘而吹衣”能构成鲜明的意象美。汉字独特的形声构成,是汉语富于意象的重要因素。 3. 中文思维导致汉语文本独特的语言结构和形式要素。 中文思维有“象性原则”“并置原则”“对偶原则”“殿后原则”“铺排原则”“凝

练原则”和“协律原则”。 从翻译的角度看,直接对译文写作有影响的有: (1) 并置原则 汉语写作中常有“叠言”“叠句”“叠章”的语言形式。作者通过“并置”的语句,创造意象纷呈、语义丰满、语势张扬的叙述话语。如,“诚信是……;诚信是……”,不仅有声有色地强化了文意,同时还把文意展示为一个细腻、立体的意脉网络,见出才华和文采。 (2) 对偶原则 强调词性、词义的相反相成。在写作上,最典型的就是骈体文和近体诗的写作,它们都要求对仗,并形成了严格的规范。 这种对偶句式积淀在民族文化心理结构中,在写作中我们有了上句,往往下意识地就生带出下一句来。翻译到顺手处,译者自然也会写出这种句式。 (3) 凝练原则 中国人讲究“炼字”“炼句”“炼篇”和“炼意”,讲究“推敲”,林语堂认为,汉语的单音节性“造就了极为凝练的风格”。 (4) 声律原则 这一原则对诗和散文创作影响非常大。声律还包括节奏。“譬如仄声的字容易表示悲苦的情绪,响亮的声音容易显出欢乐的深情,长的句子表示温和弛缓,短的句子代表强硬急迫的态度”(梁实秋《论散文》)。 只要我们掌握了汉语的行文特征和神韵,我们就能在翻译过程中,自觉地在字里行间继承发扬这种文字传统,创造出灿烂的译文篇章。 二、翻译写作论

汉英翻译基础教程 第1章 练习参考答案

第一章汉英词汇比较与翻译 第一节翻译中的选义 一、结合语境选择较贴切的译文 1. b 2. a 3. b 4. a 二、译出下列词语,注意词语的不同搭配 1. a swarm of bees a brood of chickens a litter of pups 2. a bevy of beautiful ladies a pack of hounds a team of ducks a herd of antelopes 3. unfailing support proactive fiscal policy make effective use of overseas resources 4. make a phone call take a taxi knit a woolen sweater fetch water play basketball spray insecticide 5. basic wage capital construction essential commodity primary industry fundamental interest 三、翻译下列句子,注意画线词语的理解 1. The two leaders exchanged views on bilateral relations and issues of common concern 2. Party members should listen carefully to the opinions of the general public. 3. They offered some suggestions for the revision of the plan. 4. Everyone complained against such a practice. 5. They had a dispute at the meeting. 6. You should follow the doctor's advice. 7. They reached a consensus on this issue. 8. There is still some unfinished business to settle. 9. We have consulted him about the matter. 10. Please go back. There is nothing of your concern now 第二节翻译中的选词 一、翻译下列各句,注意词的选择和搭配。 1. That depends upon circumstances. 2. This state of affairs must be changed. 3. How do matters stand with them?

(完整版)大学英语翻译全教程(完美版)练习与作业

翻译理论与实践课作业 天津科技大学外语学院 作业一:字词的翻译 一、词的理解 1.一词多义: wet She had a wet nurse for the infant Elliot. If you think I am for him, you are all wet. She wet her pants at the news. State state and revolution, state of the union the united states. 3.词义引申:抽象化、具体化 Every life has its roses and thorns. She stood there chewing over the strange thing. The engine sounds good. At 23, he had first learned what it is to be a Negro. 4.词的褒贬:comment Alice was excited as a child, delighted to be once more the center of the comment. But what a comment, she could not help reflecting, on her own charms. He walked around the room. He then stopped and looked around, “comment” ? 5.词的轻重:看词类、看场合、看句型、看习惯等等。Through;free He slept the night through. There is a through train to Beijing. Through this way, they finished the task. She is free with her money. I made her free of my library. 二、词义的表达 1.直译法 dark horse Hot dog Forbidden fruit 暴发户半边天红卫兵 2意译法 blue jacket the yellow leaf Wet blanket 炒鱿鱼下海白拿 3.直译意译结合法 the apple of one’s eye as dull as a goose Once in a blue moon as cool as a cucumber Black sheep as timid as a rabbit 4.音译法

第2章 汉英翻译基础知识(新编汉英翻译教程 陈宏薇)

“文化”(culture) 物质文化(material culture) 制度文化(institutional culture) 心理文化(也称观念文化)(mental culture)咖啡(coffee)、 巧克力(chocolate)、 色拉(salad)、 三明治(sandwich)、 歇斯底里(hysteria)、 休克(shock)、 基因(gene)、 钙(calcium)、 维他命(vitamin)、 奥林匹克(Olympic)、 雷达(radar)、 先令(shilling)、 夹克(jacket)、 电视(television)、 激光(laser)、 飞机(aeroplane)、 火车(train)、 交响乐(symphony)、 基督徒(Christian)、 面包(bread)、 盲文(brail)、 圣诞老人(Santa Claus)、 圣经(Bible)、 马海毛(mahair)、 贝雷帽(beret)、 革命(revolution) 、营养(nourish)、 解放(liberate)、 民主(democracy)、 科学(science)、 独裁(dictatorship)、 心理学(psychology)、 形而上学(metaphysics)、 图书馆(library)、 想象(imagination)、 暗示(hint)、 投资(investment) 磁卡电话(card phone)、 立交桥(overpass)、 隐形眼镜(contact lenses)、

下拉菜单(pulldown)、 软驱(floppy drive)、 光驱(CD drive)、 鼠标(mouse)、 电脑(computer)、 内存条(RAM chip)、 复印机(xerox machine)、 安乐死(euthanasia)、 艾滋病(AIDS)、 香波(shampoo)、 连锁店(chain store)、 热狗(hot dog)、 自助餐(buffet)、 牛仔服(cowboy suit)、 T恤衫(T-shirt) 意合(parataxis) 隐性(covertness) 显性(overtness) 形合(hypotaxis) 伦理(ethics) 认知(cognition) 顺其自然(Let nature take its course in accordance with its natural tendency)、 听其自然(leave the matter as it is; take the world as it is)、 听天安命(accept the situation)、 听天由命(be at the mercy of nature; be left to God's mercy; let fate have its way; submit the will of Heaven; wait for one's fate)。 individualism( 不管别人怎样做)只按个人方法行事的感觉或行为;我行我素 个体主义”。 整体(integrity) 综合性(synthetic) 个体(individuality)、 分析性(analytic) 直觉(intuition) 实证(evidence) 天人合一”(The Unity of Man and Heaven

英汉翻译基础教程练习答案总主编冯庆华

汉英翻译基础教程

第一章汉英词汇比较与翻译 第一节翻译中的选义 一、结合语境选择较贴切的译文 1. b 2. a 3. b 4. a 二、译出下列词语,注意词语的不同搭配 1. a swarm of bees a brood of chickens a litter of pups 2. a bevy of beautiful ladies a pack of hounds a team of ducks a herd of antelopes 3. unfailing support proactive fiscal policy make effective use of overseas resources 4. make a phone call take a taxi knit a woolen sweater fetch water

play basketball spray insecticide 5. basic wage capital construction essential commodity primary industry fundamental interest 三、翻译下列句子,注意画线词语的理解 1. The two leaders exchanged views on bilateral relations and issues of common concern 2. Party members should listen carefully to the opinions of the general public. 3. They offered some suggestions for the revision of the plan. 4. Everyone complained against such a practice. 5. They had a dispute at the meeting. 6. You should follow the doctor's advice. 7. They reached a consensus on this issue. 8. There is still some unfinished business to settle. 9. We have consulted him about the matter. 10. Please go back. There is nothing of your concern now

英汉互译教程要略

英汉互译教程总复习 1.Joint military exercises have increased in the region, to the detriment of trust between countries. 联合军事演习在本地区有增无减,不利于国家间建立信任。 2.This old man gets up and goes to bed with the sun everyday. 这位老翁每天黎明即起,日落而息。 3.A nearby object falling into a black hole is never heard of again. 附近的天体一旦落入黑洞,就会销声匿迹。 4.我们应该抢时间赶任务。 We should work against the clock. 5.These hospital expenses made inroads on my savings. 这些住院费耗掉了我大部分积蓄。 6.They killed a bottle of Kaoliang between them. 他们二人对酌,把一瓶高粱酒喝得一干二净。 7.When it came to reading, they were as good as blind. 一拿起书本,他们可都成了睁眼瞎了。 8.Blood is thicker than water. 血浓于水。 9.人们笑贫不笑娼。 People ridicule poverty but not prostitutes. 10. Last night I heard him driving his pigs to market. 昨夜我听见他鼾声如雷。 11.They ran away as fast as their legs could carry them. 他们拼着命地逃跑。 12.People were born survivors. 人的生存能力是与生俱来的。 13.这个环境工程是个“民心工程”。 The environment-friendly project is a “popularity-winning” project. 14. 语言这东西不是随便可以学好的,非下苦功夫不可。 The mastery of a language is not easy and requires painstaking effort. 15. 会议开得冷冷清清,有时甚至开不下去了。 The meetings were marked by such absence of living discussions that at times they were almost on the point of breaking up. 16. They pay lip-service to education but don’t work for better schools. 他们口惠而实不至,口口声声支持教育,却又不肯为改善学校条件做一些实际工作。 17.Unemployment has stubbornly refused to contract for more than a decade. 失业人数高居不下,已经十多个年头了。 18.有些厕所似乎仍是这次卫生大扫除活动的死角。 Some toilets seem immune to the clean-up campaign. 19. 这个摊贩叫卖道:“快来买呀,过了这村可没这个店啦。” The street peddler hawked, “Now or never!” 20. Why carry coals to Newcastle? 何必多此一举? 21.You’re just teaching your grandmother how to suck eggs. 你这是在班门弄斧。 22.His being neglected by the host added to his uneasiness. 主人对他的冷淡使他更加不自在。 23.I could have laughed to hear him talk like this.

汉英翻译教程

《汉英翻译教程》 练习1 1、翻译的任务是什么? 2、翻译有哪几种种类? 3、翻译的标准是什么? 4、如何正确理解和表达? 练习2 翻译下列各句,注意词的选择和搭配: 1、那个受惊的小孩紧紧抓住他母亲的手。 2、他把自己的一生献给为人民服务的事业。 3、新生儿需要细心护理。 4、该委员会由五人组成。 5、我借一下你的电话好吗? 练习3 翻译下列各句,根据需要增补适当的词语: 1、中国总是要前进的。 2、你想看这本书,就先看吧。 3、所有公民在法律面前一律平等。 4、他们一听说有新任务就坐不住了。 5、只要中国人民积极奋斗,这个宏伟的战略目标是能够达到的。练习4 翻译下列各句,注意省略: 1.新老干部要互相学习,互相帮助,取长补短。 2.他一开口总是三句话不离本行。 3.每条河流都有上游、中游和下游。 4.一五一十地都给父母讲了。 5.他们是亲密无间的朋友。 练习5 翻译下列各句,注意划线部分词类的转换: 1.中国成功地爆炸了第一颗原子弹,在全世界引起了巨大的反响。2.共产党员应该吃苦在前,享受在后。 3.我们觉得解决这个问题并不难。 4.我们科学研究发展的特点是理论联系实际。 5.社会主义革命的目的是为了解放生产力。 练习6 翻译下列各句,注意划线部分在句中的位置: 1.他们最近的成就表明他们所取得的巨大进步。 2.这是唯一可能的解决的办法。 3.不论晴雨,我们明天非去不可。 4.我们必须清楚了解所有牵涉到的问题。

5.我率领的部队南征北战,越战越强。 练习7 翻译下列各句,注意运用语态变换的方法:1.关于这个问题,已经说得很多了。 2.医院立即收下那个重伤的男孩。 3.认识落后,才能改变落后。 4.这篇文章需要再润色一下。 5.他的话使我感到莫名其妙。 练习8 翻译下列各句,注意恰当运用正说与反说的技巧:1.他的暗示没有引起我的注意。 2.你恐怕弄错了。 3.他不在,我感到很寂寞。 4.只要他没有病倒,他是不会不来的。 5.是重力使我们不致于从地球上抛出去。 练习9 采用适当的方式翻译下列无主句: 1.以其人之道,还治其人之身。 2.前头坐着一位老人。 3.没有矛盾,就没有世界。 4.不入虎穴,焉得虎子。 5.忠诚党的教育事业。 练习10 将下列汉语省略句译成英语省略句: 1.妈妈买了一架电视机。 2.象是要下雨的样子。 3.多年来一直喝这种苦药,我真是喝够了。 4.他有自己的打算,但不愿向别人谈论。 5.这件事你不懂,就别再操心了。 练习11 翻译下列各句,注意“得”字句补语的译法:1.她伤心得大哭起来。 2.床收拾得很整齐。 3.他兴奋得说不出话来。 4.他累得走不动了。 5.她的头发长得几乎拖地了。 练习12 翻译下列各句,注意“把”字词组的译法:1.今天是什么风把你吹来了? 2.他们把我们看做自己家里人。 3.不要把你的衣服弄脏了。 4.母亲把孩子叫回来复习功课。 5.那意味着把工作交给他了。

《大学汉英翻译教程》中的“译例”问题评析-文档资料

大学汉英翻译教程》中的“译例”问题评析 21 世纪的到来,对英语人才的培养提出了更高的标准,同时也为学科建设和教材编写提出了新的要求。《外语院系英语专业高年级系列教材一一大学汉英翻译教程(第4版)》,以下简 称《教程》,由山东大学出版社出版,王治奎等主编。本《教程》的编写旨在培养素质高、能力强的外向型翻译人才,为改革开放和建设有中国特色的社会主义服务。它既可用作本科生主修教材、硕士研究生辅助教材,又可作为翻译工作者和翻译爱好者的工作手册。自1997 年初版,就得到了专家和广大读者的广泛认可,发行量一度达到十三万册,并为不少院校所采用,作为英语专业高年级系列翻译教材使用。 《教程》强调汉语和英语基本功训练,加大了汉语语法和文言文的含量,突出了英语驾驭能力的培养。《教程》介绍了翻译的基本理论、知识和技巧,内容翔实,其中不乏出神入化的佳译、令人叹服的译技、谋篇布局的匠心独运。但是笔者在讲授《教程》的过程中也发现了“译例”中存在诸如译文语法欠佳、选词不当、词义搭配评析不当、译文词汇语体色彩与原著不符、“译例” 截取突兀以及个别译文评价缺失等问题。本文仅以《教程》为例,对书中所引用的“译例”进行分类评析,希望能引起教育界对翻译教材质量的重视,提高翻译教材出版的严谨性。 一、“译例”问题分类评析 翻译教材中截取的“译例”在整个教材的编写中发挥着举足轻重的

作用。只有通过恰当的“译例”传递,才能帮助学生在翻译实践中理解翻译理论,并自觉把所学的翻译理论及技巧在自己的翻译实践中加以运用。因此,选择高质量的“译例”及译文应该引起翻译教材编写者的足够重视。本部分将从以下四个层面对《教程》的“译例”问题分类评析。 1.语法与选词层面评析 (1)助之长着,揠苗者也。(《孟子》)They who assist it to grow long pull out their corn shoots. (Tr. James Legge ) 此“译例”有两处错误,一是译文语法欠佳,另一个是译文用词不精当。语法层面,是由于单复数不一致引起的,译文后面用的 “ their corn shoots ”复数形式,而前半句用的“ it ”单数形式;从选词层面说,译者选用了词组“ pull out ”,给人一种简单粗暴的感觉。《揠苗助长》的故事说的是古时候宋国有个人,嫌禾苗长得太慢,就一棵棵地往上拔起一点儿,回家还夸口说:“今天我帮助苗长了!”他儿子听说后,到地里一看,苗都死了。(见于《孟子?公孙丑上》)后来这个成语用来比喻违反事物的发展规律,急于求成,反而坏事。“译例”中的“ pull out ”是“把禾苗从土地里拔出来”的意思,那禾苗肯定就死掉 了,违背了故事原意,也不合常理。因此,笔者认为可以改译为“They try to help the shoots grow (faster )by pulling them upwards - spoil things by undue haste destructive enthusiasm. ”更符合原文的意思。

英汉翻译基础教程练习答案

汉英翻译基础教程 第一章汉英词汇比较与翻译 (2) 第二章词法翻译的一般技巧 (4) 第三章名词的抽象和具体译法 (9) 第四章动词的翻译 (11) 第五章数词和冠词的翻译 (12) 第六章成语的英译 (13) 第七章修辞格的翻译 (17) 笫八章文化词语的翻译 (19) 第九章汉英句子比较与翻译 (20) 第十章换序和转态译法 (23) 笫十一章断句合句译法 (25) 笫十二章长句的翻译 (27) 第十四章汉英语篇比较与翻译 (29) 第十五章风格与翻译 (30) 第十六章语用与翻译 (32)

第一章汉英词汇比较与翻译 第一节翻译中的选义 一、结合语境选择较贴切的译文 1. b 2. a 3. b 4. a 二、译出下列词语,注意词语的不同搭配 1. a swarm of bees a brood of chickens a litter of pups 2. a bevy of beautiful ladies a pack of hounds a team of ducks a herd of antelopes 3. unfailing support proactive fiscal policy make effective use of overseas resources 4. make a phone call take a taxi knit a woolen sweater fetch water play basketball spray insecticide 5. basic wage capital construction essential commodity primary industry fundamental interest 三、翻译下列句子,注意画线词语的理解 1. The two leaders exchanged views on bilateral relations and issues of common concern 2. Party members should listen carefully to the opinions of the general public. 3. They offered some suggestions for the revision of the plan. 4. Everyone complained against such a practice. 5. They had a dispute at the meeting. 6. You should follow the doctor's advice. 7. They reached a consensus on this issue. 8. There is still some unfinished business to settle.

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