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英语专业本科生综合教程第一册unit 1词汇复习

英语专业本科生综合教程第一册unit 1词汇复习
英语专业本科生综合教程第一册unit 1词汇复习

Unit 1Never Say Goodbye

Paragraphs 1-4

Words and Expressions

1. confront: vt.

1) be faced with and have to deal with

e.g. The actress was confronted by a large group of reporters as she left the stage door.

Whenever we are confronted with any difficu lties, we shouldn’t give up what we are doing.

2) force to deal with or accept the truths of; bring face to face with

e.g. When the police confronted her with the evidence, she confessed she was guilty. Collocations:

be confronted with

confront sb. with sth.

Synonyms:

encounter, face

2.anguish: n. very great pain and suffering, esp. of the mind

e.g.Lear, a broken, confused old man, died in anguish.

李尔王,这位身心交瘁、精神恍惚的老人在痛苦中死去。

Derivations:

anguished: adj.

anguish: vt.

Synonyms:

pain, suffering

3. gracefully: adv.

1)in an attractively and effortlessly fine and smooth manner

e.g.Already in her fifties, she danced gracefully on the stage last night, attracting a large

audience.

The figure skater glided gracefully on the ice.

花样滑冰者在冰上优雅地滑行。

2)in a way that shows willingness to behave fairly and honorably

e.g. The request was gracefully refused.

这个请求被有礼貌地回绝了。

Derivations:

graceful: adj.

grace n.

Comparison: gracious, graceful

graceful: moving in a smooth and attractive way, or having an attractive shape or form gracious: behaving in a polite, kind, and generous way, especially to people of a lower rank.

Thank you for your__________ hospitality. (gracious)

The lady of small waist is elegant and _______.( graceful)

4.touch: vt.& vi.

1) put one’s hand onto sth. or sb. else

e.g. Visitors are requested not to touch the paintings.

2) have an effect on one’s feelings; cause one to feel pity, sympathy, etc.

e.g. Her plight has touched the hearts of people around the world.

她所处的困境牵动着全世界人民的心。

The environmental problems touch us all.

这些环境问题与我们所有人都有关。

Collocation:

be touched with

e.g. Her hair is touched with grey.

他有些灰发了。

Derivations:

touched: adj.

touching: adj.

5.shudder: vi. shake uncontrollably for a moment, esp. from fear, cold, or dislike shudder at/with

She shuddered at the sight of the dead body.

她一看到那具尸体就不寒而栗。

Comparison: shudder, shake

shudder: vi. It suggests a more intense shaking,which is less noticeable to an onlooker. shake: vt.& vi. It suggests sth. that is done to as well as by a person or object.

People still ______ at the thought of that terrible earthquake. (shudder)

The tree branches were _______ in that sudden gust of wind. (shaking)

6.well: vi. flow or start to flow (outflow)

e.g. Strong emotions welled up.

Collocation:

well out/up/forth

She was so moved that her tears welled out(up/forth) from her eyes.

她感动得泪如泉涌。

7. rest on/upon

1)lean on; to be supported by

e.g. She sat down and rested her feet on the chair.

2)(esp. of a proof, argument, etc.) be based on; be grounded on; depend on

e.g. His hopes rest on the leader.

他的希望全寄托在领导者的身上。

e.g. Our policy should rest on the basis of self-reliance.

我们的政策要建立在自力更生的基础之上。

8.through : prep.

(1) in at one side, end, or surface of something and out at the other

e.g. We couldn’t see through the mist.

Is it quicker to drive straight through the center?

(2) among or between the parts or members of

e.g. The monkeys swung through the trees.

I searched through my papers for the missing documents.

9.stare: vi.

(1) look steadily for a long time, e.g. in great surprise or shock

e.g. The child stared the stranger up and down.

这个孩子上上下下地打量着这个陌生人。

He was staring, thinking.

(2) be very plain to see; be obvious

e.g. The lies in the report stared out at us from every paragraph.

Collocations:

stare sb. down/out 盯得某人局促不安

stare sb. into silence 瞪得某人哑口无言

stare sb. up and down 上下打量某人

stare sb. in the face 近在眼前

Sentences

1.My whole life, brief as it was, had been spent in that big old house, gracefully touched

with the laughter and tears of four generations. (Paragraph 1)

Paraphrase: I spent my whole life, although it was so brief, in that big old house, in which four generations of our family had lived harmoniously and experienced both happiness and sadness. Explanation: “brief as it was” In a formal style, as can be used in a special word order to mean although. The construction suggests a very emphatic contrast.

Frosty as it was, they still went out. (Although it was very extremely cold, they still went out.)

Bravely as they fought, they had no chance of winning. (Although they fought so bravely, they had no chance of winning.)

Translation: 我这一辈子都是在这的旧大宅子中度过的,尽管生命非常短暂,我却深深地体会到了一家四代人的欢笑与泪水。

2.I felt a hand rest on my shoulder. (Paragraph 2)

Explanation: The word feel can be followed by the “object + infinitive (without to)” structure.

Did you feel the earth move?

He felt her hand tense up in his.

Translation: 我感到有只手搭在我的肩上。

Paragraphs 5-13

Words and Expressions

10. pick: vt. vi.

1) take what one likes or considers best, or most suitable from a group

e.g. One of my sisters has been picked for the Olympic team.

The police asked him if he could pick (out) the killer from a series of photos.

2) gather; pull or break off (part of a plant) from a tree or plant

e.g. Machines pick the fruit from/off the trees.

They spent the summer picking strawberries.

3) take up or remove sth. separately or bit by bit using the fingers, a beak, a pointed instrument,

etc.

e.g. He was on his knees picking crumbs off the carpet.

Comparison:choose, select, pick

choose: It stresses a choice of the best suited between or among things under consideration, which is the result of one's judgment.

e.g. She said she had chosen the skirt because its color was just right for the season.

select: It stresses a choice of sth. best to one's liking or desire among many things present through careful examination and discrimination, with a view to a given purpose.

e.g. You may select whatever you like as the birthday gift.

pick: It is an informal word and a synonym to select.

e.g. Mary picked a red skirt because she liked red.

Exercise : Choose the proper word to fill each blank in the following sentences.

choose select pick

(1) I ________ a piece of fluff off my shiny black suit. (picked)

(2) After careful comparison, Beijing was ________ as the city where the 2008 Olympic Games were to be held. (selected)

(3) Mr. Johnson was__________ to participate in the project because of his being a fully qualified engineer. ( chosen )

11.hoarse

adj. (of a voice) rough-sounding, as though the surface of the throat is rougher than usual, e.g. when the speaker has a sore throat

e.g. You'll make yourself hoarse if you keep shouting like that!

12.evil

1) n. a great wickedness or misfortune

e.g. Drug-addiction is one of today's great social evils.

There's always a conflict between good and evil in his plays.

2) adj. immoral, cruel, or very unpleasant

e.g. It's a battle against the country's most evil terrorists.

Synonyms:

corrupt, vicious, wicked, malicious

Antonyms:

good, honest, moral, sinless

13.tiny

adj. extremely small; very small

e.g. Though she was tiny, she had a very loud voice.

Synonyms:

mini, small, little, puny, slight

Antonyms:

big, enormous, great, huge, large, vast

Comparison:small, little, tiny

small: It refers to size and is the usual opposite of "big" or "large".

e.g. Could I have a hamburger and a small Coke please?

little: It refers to size but it also expresses the speaker's feelings.

e.g. They live in a beautiful little village.

14. part

vt. (to cause to) separate or be no longer together

e.g. To be parted from him even for only two days made her sad.

Tony bent to look out of the window, parting the curtains with one hand.

Derivations:

parted adj.

parting n. / adj.

e.g.On his wall he has a poster of Marilyn Monroe, her lips forever parted (= separated) in

anticipation.

The pain of parting had lessened over the years.

Translation:

结婚这三十年间他们几乎从未分开过。

They were hardly ever parted in thirty years of marriage.

The sunlight flooded the room when he parted the curtains.

他拉开窗帘,屋里顿时充满了阳光。

15.bring back

1) cause to return

e.g. All library books must be brought back before the end of the term.

2) obtain and return with

e.g. He always brings me back something nice when he goes abroad.

Travellers brought back news of the outside world.

3) cause to return to the mind

e.g. The photos brought back some wonderful memories.

Seeing her again brought all the sweet memories back.

4) start to do or use something that was done or used in the past

e.g. Few politicians are in favour of bringing back the death penalty.

He wants to bring back the glamour of the old Hollywood films.

Sentences

3.... before your mother was even a dream. (Paragraph 10)

Paraphrase: ... before your grandma and I could think about having a daughter/long before your mother was born.

4. I used to watch him pick roses for his mother. (Paragraph 10)

Translation: 过去,我常看到他为他母亲采摘玫瑰花。

Explanation: The word watch can be followed by the “object + infinitive (without to)” or “object + -ing” structure, but there is often a difference in meaning. The use of an infinitive indicates the whole of an action or event, and that of an -ing form suggests part of an action or event.

I watched her cross the road. (from one side to the other)

I watched her crossing the road. (in the middle of the road, on her way across)

5. Take that special hello and lock it away within you — in that place in your heart where summer is an always time. (Paragraph 13)

Paraphrase: Bear that special hello in your mind and never forget it so that you will be always filled with the joy and happiness of summer.

Explanation: Note that the word always is usually an adverb, rarely used as an adjective. However, it is used as an adjective in this sentence by the writer in the meaning of “everlasting.”

Translation: 请将那特别的问候深藏于心——珍藏在你内心那充满永恒夏日阳光之处。

6. When you and your friends must part, I want you to reach deep within you and bring back that first hello. (Paragraph 13)

Paraphrase: When you and your friends must separate, I hope that you can recall the joy and happiness you got when you first greeted each other.

Translation: 在你必须与你朋友分别时,希望你能于内心深处找回初次问候时的喜悦。Paragraphs 14-20

Words and Expressions

16. gravely adv.

in a way showing great seriousness; (of manner) in a state of being serious and solemn

e.g.“The situation poses a serious threat to peace,” said the ambassador gravely.

大使严肃地说:“这样的局势对和平形成严重的威胁。”

Synonym:

seriously

Derivations:

grave adj.

gravity n.

e.g. His face was grave as he told them about the accident.

He doesn’t seem to understand the gravity of the situation.

17. beloved

adj./n. (a person who is) dearly loved

e.g. His beloved wife died.

It is a gift from my beloved. (=from my wife, husband, etc.)

18. summon vt.

1) order officially to come

e.g. The guards were summoned into the presence of the Queen.

2) tell or request people to come to; convene

e.g. At the critical moment, the army commander summoned all the officers to a meeting to work

out new strategies and tactics which would make it possible to conquer the enemy.

在紧急关头,军长召集全体军官开会,制定新的克敌战略战术。

Collocation:

summon sth. up

1) bring (a quality) out of oneself, esp. with an effort

e.g. She had to summon up all her strength to lift the rock.

I can’t summon up much enthusiasm for the project.

2) cause sth. to come into the mind; evoke sth.

e.g. He summoned up his memory of his former neighbour.

Derivation:

summoner n.

19. turn: n.

1) an act of turning; a single movement completely round a fixed point

e.g. Don’t pull the handle; give it a turn.

Give the key a turn, and the lock will open.

2) a point of change in time

e.g. Young people at the turn of the century must draw up a mighty blueprint.

世纪之交的年轻人必须绘制一幅宏伟的蓝图。

Collocations:

at every turn: everywhere or all the time

by turns: (of people or their actions) one after the other; in rotation

in turn: afterwards; in the correct or expected order

on the turn: about to turn or change

out of turn: at an unsuitable time or in an unsuitable way

20. note vt.

1) notice and remember; observe

e.g. Note the way this writer uses the present tense for dramatic effect.

Please note that this bill must be paid within 10 days.

Note how he operates the machine and try to copy with him.

2) remark; call attention to

e.g. The report notes with approval the government’s efforts to resolve this problem.

这份报告以赞同的口吻特别提到政府为解决这个问题所作的努力。

Derivations:

noted; notable

21.breathe vt.

1) take air, gas, etc. into the lungs and send it out again

e.g. The doctor told me to breathe in deeply and then to breathe out slowly.

I will remember the day as long as I breathe.

2) whisper; say softly

e.g. He breathed words of love into her ear.

She breathed a sigh of relief when she heard that she had passed the exam.

Derivation:

breather n.

e.g. We’ve been working quite a long time now; let’s have/take a breather

Sentence

Remembering Grandpa’s words, I reached deep within me for those special feelings that had made up our friendship. (Paragraph 20)

Paraphrase: Remembering Grandpa’s words, I tried to bring back to my mind the joy and the happiness that I had shared with him.

Translation: 忆起爷爷的嘱咐时,我在内心深处找回了那些建立起我们友谊的特别情感。

Unit1词汇表拓展

9BUnit 1词汇表拓展 1.glob e n. 地球,世界,地球仪glob al adj. 2.c o ns u me v. 消费c o ns u mer n. c u st o mer n. 顾客 3.vary v. 改变various adj. variety n. 4.threat n. threaten v. 威胁 5.threat to sb./sth. 对。。。的威胁 6. a threat of … 。。。的(坏)兆头,迹象 7.affect sb. = have an effect on sb. = influence sb. effective adj. 有 效的 8.write – wrote – wri tt en wri ter n. 作者wri ting n. 文字, 笔记,文章 9.occur – occu rred– occu rred存在于,发生 10.protect…from protection n. protective adj. 11.destroy v. 摧毁destruction n. 摧毁destructive adj. 毁 灭性的 12.what to do with the problem = how to deal with the problem https://www.sodocs.net/doc/7e8455440.html,par e v. compar ison n. 比较 https://www.sodocs.net/doc/7e8455440.html,pare sth. to… 把。。。比作 https://www.sodocs.net/doc/7e8455440.html,pare A with B 比较A和B 16.classic adj. 经典的,有永久价值或意义的classical adj. 古典的 17.historic adj. 具有历史意义的historical adj. 历史上的,史学的 18.be grate ful to sb. = be thankful to sb. 感激某人

综合教程1unit2词汇

Unit2 adjust v. change slightly in order to make suitable for a particular purpose or situation attic n. a space or room under the roof of a house, often used for storing things awfully ad. very calculate v. find sth. out by using mathematics code n. a set of instructions that tell a computer what to do county n. crinkly a. having many thin folds dial n. the round part of a clock, watch, machine, etc. having numbers that show that time or measurement dispute v. question or doubt the truth of sth. fraction n. a division or a part of a whole number in mathematics head v. be at the top of insert v. Put sth. inside or into sth. else inspector n. an official whose job is to check sth. loftily ad. in a way to show belief of being better than other people mechanical a. worked by machines nonchalantly ad. in a way to behave calmly and seem not to worry or care about anything punch n. the action of pressing a key or button in order to activate a device or perform an operation scornful a. Showing great disrespect for sb. or sth. screen n. the part of a television or computer where the picture or information appears slot n. an assigned place and time in a sequence or schedule superior a. thinking oneself better than others telebook n. a book written for presentation on television tuck v. put sth. into a small space, esp. in order to protect or hide it whistle v.make a high or musical sound by blowing air out through one’s lips in no time: very quickly or soon, esp. in a way that is surprising. send for ask or order sb. to come by sending him/her a message

Unit1ArtTeachingplan整体教案

Unit 1 Art Teaching plan I. 单元教学目标: 1. Talk about art and galleries 2. Talk about likes and preferences 3. Learn words in families 4. Use the subjunctive mood 5.Write a short passage about art II. 目标语言 1.功能句式Talk about likes and preference: I’d prefer…/ I’d rather…/ I’d like…/ which would you prefer…./ I really prefer…/ would you rather…/ would you like…or… 2. 词汇abstract, sculpture, gallery, consequently, belief, consequent, convince, shadow, ridiculous, controversial, nowadays, attempt, predict, aggressive , scholar… 3. 语法: the subjunctive mood If I were you…./ I wish I could… 4. 重点句子1.)There are so many different styles of western art it would be impossible to describe all of them in a short text. 2.)People became focused more on human and less on religion. 3.)If the rules of perspective had not been discovered, people would not have been able to paint such realistic pictures. 4.)At the time they were created, the impressionists’painting were controversial but today they are accepted as the beginning of what we now call “modern art”. 5.)It is amazing that so many great works of art from late-19th century to 21st century could be contained in the same museum. III. 教材分析本单元以ART 为主题,主要介绍了西方绘画历史,描写了曼哈顿最好的艺术长廊。帮助学生了解更多的有关美术的背景知识,分析中西艺术史上各大流派的特点,指出其代表性的画家和作品,并对中西方的绘画艺术进行比较。 1.Warming up 部分要求学生运用相关目标语言对自己喜欢的艺术形式和流派展开讨论,并说明喜欢的原因。 2.Pre-reading 让学生有关画展或书中的艺术作品以及西方不同时期的著名画家。3.Reading 介绍了西方绘画历史,不同的艺术流派,艺术特点及其代表性画家和作品。4.Using language 是由reading, listening, discussing and writing 四部分组成,要求学生在了解艺术长廊相关知识的基础上,为当地举办的一场画展提出合理化的建议。 IV.课型设计与课时安排 1st period learn the new words and expressions 2nd period reading 3rd period language points 4th period using language 5th period listening and talking 6th period grammar 7th period speaking and writing 8th period revision and consolidation 分课时教案

高中英语必修一unit1 单词复习

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/'ti:n /

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1unit1词汇

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