新东方刘赓：2018年考研英语二翻译部分解析(新东方版)

2018年考研英语二翻译部分解析

刘赓

整体分析：

本篇翻译，代词较多，大部分句子不算长句，部分单词可根据上下文猜出都和书相关。

在处理句子时，顺译原则依然优先，也要注意个别句子先出主语的翻译原则。

本篇翻译最容易犯得错误是，意思看懂，但是表达出的译文会出现语病，这就要求英语二的备考同学们在准备时要更加侧重对中文的学习与表达。

英语二翻译原文的难度近乎于高考英语难度，所以只要准备得当，得到大部分的分数还是不难的。

希望2019年参加英语二考试的同学们，能够对往年真题做到完整的复习，同时可以辅之以高考英语或四级英语作为翻译素材进行练习。不建议以英语一的真题进行练习，两张试卷翻译部分难度差别较大，可比性不强。

真题分析：

A fifth grader gets a homework assignment to select his future career path from a list of occupations.

一个五年级的学生得到一份家庭作业，作业要求是从一系列职业中选择自己未来的职业道路。

He ticks "astronaut" but quickly adds "scientist" to the list and selects it as well.

这个小男孩在"宇航员"那一项后面画了勾，但很快自己给名单增加了"科学家"这一项，然后也打了个勾。

The boy is convinced that if he reads enough, he can explore as many career paths as he likes.

男孩相信，自己只要读得书够多，可以探索各种自己喜欢的职业道路。

And so he reads-everything from encyclopedias to science fiction novels.

于是男孩真的读了很多书，从百科全书到科幻小说。

He reads so fervently that his parents have to institute a "no reading policy" at the dinner table.

男孩对读书是如此痴迷，以至于自己的父母不得不制定"吃饭时不许读书"的规矩。

That boy was Bill Gates, and he hasn't stopped reading yet-not even after becoming one of the most successful people on the planet.

那个男孩就是比尔·盖茨，时至今日，盖茨依然没有停止读书，甚至已经成为这个地球上最成功的人士之一，也依然如此。

Nowadays, his reading material has changed from sci-fi and reference books: recently, he revealed that he reads at least 50 nonfiction books a year.

现如今，盖茨读的书已不再是科幻小说和参考书：最近，盖茨透露自己每年至少要阅读50本非小说类书籍。

Gates chooses nonfiction titles because they explain how the world works.

盖茨之所以选择非小说类作品，是因为这些书诠释了这个世界是如何运作的。

"Each book opens up new avenues of knowledge to explore."-Gates say.

盖茨说："每本书都为我推开了一扇新知的大门。"

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完型 鉴于电子货币的优势,你也许会认为,我们将快速步入无现金社会,实现完全电子支付。然而，真正的无现金社会很可能不会马上到来。事实上,这样的预测已经出现二十年了,但迄今还没有实现。例如,1975年《商业周刊》预测电子支付手段不久将“彻底改变货币本身的定义”，并将在数年后颠覆货币本身。为何人们进入无现金社会的速度如此缓慢呢？ 尽管电子支付手段可能比纸币支付方式更加高效，然而以下几个方面解释了纸币系统“不会”消失的原因。第一，使电子货币成为最主要的支付方式必须的设备包括电脑、读卡器和电信网络，而安装这些设备价格昂贵。第二，纸质支票有提供收据这一优势，这是消费者不愿放弃的。第三，使用纸质支票可以让开票人多几天让钱“悬浮”在帐户里，对方得花上几天才能凭支票取现，这也就是意味着开票方又多赚了几天利息钱。而由于电子支票是即时的，因此也就没有这种优势。第四，电子支付方式还有可能存在安全和隐私隐患。 我们曾多次听到媒体报道说某个非法黑客入侵了用户的数据库并且篡改了里面的信息。这种情况时有发生，这也意味着别有用心之人可能侵入电子支付系统，盗取别人的银行帐号而盗款成功。要防止这类诈骗并非易事，正在研发新的电脑科学领域来处理该类安全问题。此外，人们对于电子支付方式的担忧在于进行电子交易之后所留下的包含个人信息的痕迹。人们担心政府部门，雇员和市场营销人员会看到这些数据，侵犯个人隐私。 Text1 在一篇名为(entitled)《成功（make?it）在美国》的文章中，作者亚当·戴维森讲述(relate)了这样一个源自棉花出产国的笑话，笑话是关于现代纺织(textile)作坊(mill)已高度自动化(automate)：现如今，一家普通作坊里只有两名员工，“一个人和一条狗，人在作坊里是为了喂狗，狗在作坊里是为了使人远离(away?from)机器。”Davidson’sarticleisoneofanumberofpiecesthathaverecentlyappearedmakingthepointt hatthereasonwehavesuchstubbornlyhighunemploymentanddecliningmiddle-classincomestodayisalsobecauseoftheadvancesinbothglobalizationandthei nformationtechnologyrevolution,whicharemorerapidlythaneverreplacingla borwithmachinesorforeignworkers.最近出现了很多(anumberof)类似戴维森所写的文章，它们都表明了这样一种看法(makeapoint)：之所以失业人数(unemployment)居高难下(stubbornly?high)和中产阶级(middle-class)收入(income)持续下降，原因是全球化与信息技术革命已经取得了诸多进步，它们使得机器和国外员工在取代(replace..with)本国劳动力(labor)方面比以往任何时候都要迅速。 以往，具有一般技术、从事一般工作的员工可以赚得(earn)普通的生活。但现如今，普通人才正式地过时了(officially)。继续普通无法再让你过上以前的生活，其原因是当下更多的雇主可以用(haveaccessto)比普通还要低廉的价格，来雇佣国外员工，购买机器人(robotics)和软件(software)，实现自动化(automation)，获得天才(genus)。因此，每个人都需要挖掘身上额外的东西-来让他们做出独特的、有价值的贡献，这种贡献会让他们脱颖而出(standout),不管他们身处什么工作领域(fieldofemployment)。

2019年考研英语二作文词汇总结

一、类型词 1.经济： economic globalization(经济全球化), sustainable development(可持续发展)，unfair competition(不正当竞争)，crack down on fake commodities (打假)， boom(繁荣)， fierce competition(激烈竞争)， credit crisis(信用危机)， stabilize prices (稳定物价)，virtual economy(虚拟经济) 2.文化： great and profound (博大精深的)，integration and interaction(融合交汇)，crash(碰撞)，charming(极具魅力的)，splendid(壮丽辉煌的)，English fever(英语热) 3.环保： environment- friendly(生态型的，环保的)，threat of global warming(全球变暖的威胁), promote fundamental shifts in the economic system and mode of economic growth(促进经济体制和经济增长方式的转变)，curb environmental pollution/ bring the pollution under control(治理环境污染)，develop renewable resources (开发可再生资源)，a low-carbon economy (低碳经济) 4.科技： science and technology(科学技术)，web-addiction(沉迷网络)， computer crime(电脑犯罪)， e-commerce(电子商务)， virtual life (虚拟生活)，information era(信息时代)，cyber romance(网恋)，surf the Internet(网上冲浪)，因特网 the Internet (一定要由冠词，字母I 大写)，artificial intelligence(人工智能) 5.就业： applicant(申请人)， position available/ vacant position(空缺职位)，competent(能胜任的), be qualified for(合格的), proficiency(熟练程度)，job

2020年考研英语二解析：翻译

2020年考研英语二解析：翻译 2020届全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）考试大纲于2020 年9月18日与各位考生见面。其中，翻译部分与2020届全国硕士研 究生入学统一考试英语（二）考试大纲相比，无明显变化。下面就大 纲中对翻译部分的考查要求与规定实行详细解析，以便考生在复习翻 译时方向更加明确，目标更加清晰，内容更有针对性。希望对考生的 复习有所协助。 一、大纲内容： 考查考生理解所给英语语言材料并将其译成汉语的水平。要求译 文准确、完整、通顺。 要求考生阅读、理解长度为150词左右的一个或几个英语段落， 并将其全部译成汉语。考生在答题卡2上作答。共15分。 二、考查标准解析： 1．准确--忠实于原文。对原文的准确理解是一篇优质译文的前提。要求译文内容不能与原文所表达的内容有出入或相违背，否则一定会 影响译文得分。评分标准中要求，如果句子译文明显扭曲原文意思， 该句得分最多不得超过0.5分。 2．通顺--译文符合汉语表达习惯。在准确理解原文的前提下，把 所理解的译文按照中文的表达习惯，表达出来。译成汉语后，译文一 定要读得懂，读得通。 3．完整--无漏译。要求考生对原文的内容完整地实行翻译，不得 有遗漏。如有遗漏，评卷老师会酌情减分。注：若不完整，译出的部 分可给分。 三、考查内容： 1、专有名词、词组和多义词的翻译；

专有名词、词组和多义词是翻译中对词考查的重要内容。翻译时，高频专有名词，按照约定俗成的方法翻译；非的专有名词，采取音译 或音译+括号英文的方法翻译；不熟悉的专有名词，直接照抄英文即可。词组的翻译需要考生注意平时的积累，理解和熟记。多义词词义的选 择可根据语境联系上下文猜测词义；根据词根词缀选择猜测生词的词义；根据汉语的习惯搭配来翻译。 2、翻译策略使用：词义选择+语序调整； 考研翻译中重点考查学生在不同语境中对词义的理解，以及语义 组合和语言表达的准确性和通顺性。所以，在翻译时，学生要注意不 同语境中词义的选择，表达的译文要符合汉语的表达习惯和中国人的 逻辑思维习惯。在做题时，可使用词义引申，词类转换的方法结合上 下文语境确定词义，并且注意英语中的定语结构、状语结构、被动语态、代词、动宾结构在汉语中表达顺序和表达习惯的区别。 3、特殊句型和特殊结构的翻译。 被动语态、定语从句、同位语从句、it作形式主语句、倒装结构、比较结构为翻译考查的重点内容。在掌握以上考点的语法知识的前提下，使用各考点相对应的翻译方法，通过真题翻译的练习达到对以上 考点准确、通顺的翻译。 4、语篇衔接的考查 英语（二）的翻译部分是对一个包含若干段落的篇章实行考查， 所以整个语篇的完整性和语义、段落之间的衔接也是考查的重点内容 之一。翻译时，不但要对每个句子实行理解和表达，而且要注意到整 个语篇的完整含义和结构。衔接要侧重于句间不同成分之间的语义联系，其中包括照应、替代、省略、连接和词汇衔接。 四、翻译必备知识 考研翻译是语义在中英文两种语言之间转换，所以理解中英文两 种语言的差异，是翻译的必备知识，是译出高分译文的保障。