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英语被动语态的翻译浅析

英语被动语态的翻译浅析
英语被动语态的翻译浅析

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英语被动语态的翻译浅析

作者:王金平

作者单位:武汉科技大学中南分校外语学院语言研究所,湖北武汉,430223

刊名:

湖北大学成人教育学院学报

英文刊名:JOURNAL OF ADULT EDUCATION COLLEGE OF HUBEI UNIVERSITY

年,卷(期):2009,27(5)

被引用次数:0次

参考文献(7条)

1.Quirk A Comprehensive Grammar of the English Language 1985

2.薄冰高级英语语法(上) 1990

3.陈定安英汉比较与翻译 1998

4.李宗江汉语被动句的语义特征及其认知解释[期刊论文]-解放军外国语学院学报 2004(06)

5.唐燕玲英语动词被动语态的实质初探[期刊论文]-外语与外语教学 2003(05)

6.张培基.喻云根英汉翻译教程 2002

7.章振邦新编英语语法教程 1983

相似文献(3条)

1.期刊论文潘宗桃.涂丽亚汉英两种语言中被动语态的翻译技巧-九江师专学报2004,23(2)

本文对汉英两种语言中存在的被动语态现象及其运用从结构特征、使用规律与目的等方面进行了分析、归类,并通过各种大量而丰富的例句,详细介绍了汉英两种语言中被动语态的翻译处理方法.

2.期刊论文潘宏碧浅谈英语被动语态的汉译-辽宁行政学院学报2007,9(10)

本文从构成和应用两个方面比较分析了英汉被动语态,指出英汉被动语态间存在很大差异,然后根据这些差异提出几种常用的英汉翻译技巧,即译成汉语主动语态句,译成汉语被动语态句,译成汉语无主句和习惯译法.

3.期刊论文温穗君.Wen Suijun中英日被动句对比研究-江西科技师范学院学报2008,""(3)

语言中决定谓语动词和主语之间的关系的语法形式称为语态.而其中作为表示句子主语和谓语动词之间被动关系的语态就是被动语态.汉语、英语和日语三种语言的被动态在结构特征、形成动因及语用功能等方面都各具特色,笔者通过对三者在这些方面的对比分析,得出三者都可以表示中性、积极和消极的意义,但是主次不同,英语被动语态倾向于表中性意义,汉语被动语态表示消极意义居多,而日语被动语态则主要是发展以说话人的主观感受为语义动因的被动句,所以也是表达消极意义居多.

本文链接:https://www.sodocs.net/doc/818329352.html,/Periodical_hbdxcrjyxyxb200905020.aspx

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下载时间:2010年11月29日

主动语态变被动语态的几个特例

主动语态变被动语态的几个特例 一、含有双宾语的句子变为被动语态时,多数将主动句中的间接宾语变为被动句的主语,直接宾语作保留宾语;也可将直接宾语变为主语,间接宾语作保留宾语,但这时保留宾语前多加介词to或for。如:He gave me a new watch.→1) I was given a new watch. 2) A new watch was given to me. 二、含有复合宾语且宾语补足语是名词的句子变为被动语态时,只能将主动句中的宾语变为被动句中的主语,宾补不可变为主语。如:They call me Jim. →I am called Jim.(不可说:Jim is called me.) 三、主语为疑问词的疑问句变为被动语态时,用“By+疑问词(宾格)”置于句首。如: Who broke the glass? →By whom was the glass broken? 四、祈使句变为被动语态时,要改为“Let +原宾语+be+过去分词”。如:Close the window. →Let the window be closed. 五、带宾语从句的复合句变为被动语态时,多用it作形式主语置于句首,原宾语从句成为真正主语(从句),从句中也需用被动语态。如:People said that Lin Feng could take good care of the baby. → It was said that the baby could be taken good care of by Lin Feng. 六、含有谓语动词know的主动句变为被动语态时,不用by短语,需by改为to。如: We all know the scientist. →The scientist is known to us all. 七、no one、nobody等否定代词作主语的句子变为被动语态时,谓语

英语被动语态的翻译举例

英语被动句的翻译举例 英语被动句翻译为汉语时,应根据具体情况灵活掌握。 1. 用“被”、“由”、“受(到)”、“挨”、“得到”、“给”、“叫……给”、“让……(给)”、 “是……的”、“为……所”、“加以”等译成汉语的被动句。例如: 1)The door was mended by him. 门被他修好了。/ 门叫(让)他给修好了。/ 门是他修的。 2)He was praised(表扬). But we were criticized(批评;责备). 3)The machine is used by many people. 这台机器为(被)许多人所使用。 4)The problem must be studied carefully. 这个问题必须仔细加以研究。 2. 借助句中的状语等做主语,译成汉语的主动句。例如: 1)All kinds of drinks are sold in that supermarket. 在那家超市里卖各种各样的饮料。或:那家超市卖各种各样的饮料。 2)Table tennis is played all over China. 中国各地都打乒乓球。 3.按照英语句子的主谓顺序,译成可省“被”字的汉语句。例如: 1)His homework has just been done. 他的家庭作业刚做完。 2)The food has been eaten up. 食物已吃光了。 4.成汉语的无主句。例如: 1)Soon the news was received. 不久就收到了那个消息。也可译为:不久那个消息就收到了。 2)After a while, many people were seen to run out. 过来一会儿,看到许多人跑了出来。 5. 添加“有人”、“人们”、“大家”、“我们”等泛指的主语译成汉语。或译为“据……”。 例如: 1)He was seen to take the book. 有人看见他拿走了那本书。 2)Air is known to be a mixture of gases. 人们(大家,我们)都知道空气是一种气体的混合物。 3)She is said to know nothing about it. 据说她对这件事什么也不知道。 4)It is said that …. 据说…… It is well known that …. 大家知道……;众所周知…… It is believed that …. 有人相信…… It will be said that…. 有人(将)会说…… It was reported that…据报道…… 6. 改译成主动句。例如: 1)A new dress was made for me by my mother. 我妈妈给我做了一条新裙子。 2)I was given many nice presents on my birthday. 在我的生日那天,我收到了许多漂亮的礼物。

初中英语动词的主动语态和被动语态讲解

动词的主动语态和被动语态【用法讲解】考试要求: 中考要求掌握:动词的主动语态和被动语态区别与使用,不同时态的被动语态形式及情态动词的被动语态形式。英语动词有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态,主动语态表示句子的主语是谓语动作的执行者;被动语态是表示句子的主语是谓语动作的承受者。 如:We often clean the blackboard.(我们是擦黑板的执行者即主动语态)The blackboard is often cleaned by us.(黑板是clean的承受者即被动语态)。 1.被动语态的结构 一般现在时:am / is / are +及物动词的过去分词 一般过去时:was / were +及物动词的过去分词 一般将来时:will / shall be +及物动词的过去分词 现在完成时:have / has been +及物动词的过去分词 现在进行时:am / is / are being +及物动词的过去分词 过去完成时:had been +及物动词的过去分词 如:Youare wantedon the phone.有你的电话。 Chinawas liberatedin 1949. 1949年中国解放。 The problemwill be discussedtomorrow. 明天将对这个问题进行讨论。 Not a book in the libraryhas been taken away. 图书馆里没有一本书被人拿走。 My bikeis being repaired.我的自行车正在修理。

The bookhad been borrowedwhen I got to the library.我到了图书馆时,那本书已经借出去了。 2.主动语态与被动语态的转换 (1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。(2)把谓语变成被动结构(be+过去分词),根据被动语态句子里主语的人称和数,以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式。 (3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语,将主格改为宾格。 如:All the people laughed at him. →He was laughed at by all people. They make the bikes in the factory. →The bikes are made by them in the factory. He cut down a tree. →A tree was cut down by him. 3.含有情态动词的被动语态 含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时,由“情态动词+be+过去分词”构成,原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后“to”仍要保留。 We can repair this watch in two days. →This watch can be repaired in two days. They should do it at once. →It should be done at once. 4.含有双宾语的主动语态变为被动语态 主动语态:主语+谓语动词+间接、直接宾语+其他

主动语态与被动语态

一、用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空,每空一词. 1 English ______ ________ (speak) here. 2 Jay Zhou _______ ______ (love) by lots of his fans. 3 The room ________ _______ ________ (paint) now. 4 Listen! Who _______ _______ (cry) in the next room? 5 The computer _____ ______ ______ (can use) in the room. 6 My grandpa’s ______ ______ ______ (die) for three years. 7 The novel _______ ________ _______ (translate) into many languages since it was published. 8 The cake which my mother made ______ (smell) nice. 9 The football match ______ ________ _______ (show) again sometime next week. 10 The book _______ (sell) well. 11. ________ these trees _______ ________ (plant) on the hill tomorrow? 12. The work can ______ ________ ________ (finish) the day after tomorrow. 13. The sun can’t _______ _______ (see) at night. 14. The books must not ______ _____ (take) out of the library. 15. His homework ______ already ______ _______ (finish). 16. The dictionary must _______ ________ (take) good care of. 17. This clock can ________ ________ (mend) before Friday. 18. These books _____ _____ ______ (send) to the village. 19. School things _______ ________ (sell) in that shop. 20. The TV set can ________ ________ (repair) in three days. 二、单项选择. 11 Could you tell me which ___ well among the books on sale A is sold B sells C was written D writes 12 What ______ in that shop? A did happen B is happening C was happened D happening 13 Look, Jack, your bag ________. A. will find B has been found C has found D is founded 14 --- Dad, please open the door. It ________. --- Ok, dear, I am coming A locks B locked C is locked D was locked 15 The radio says a wild animal zoo is to _______ in our city. A be building B building C be built D built 16 In our school, library books ________ within two weeks. A return B must return C will return D must be returned 17 We are glad that the underground _______ very soon . A will complete B will be completed C has completed D has been completed 18 The flowers start to ______ in spring. A be come out B come out C be come up D come up 19 This tall tree _________ more beautiful than that one. A looks B is looked C look D looking 20 This painting ________ to a museum in New York in 1997. A sells B sold C was sold D is sold 21 --- What‘s wrong with that boy? --- He ________ by a car yesterday. A was hit B hits C is hit D hit 22 People can _______ running everywhere. Do you know

英语翻译技巧第八节 英语被动语态的翻译

第八节英语被动语态的翻译 汉英对比,英语的被动句显然多于汉语,因为英语重视形态(形式),汉语不重视形态,重视语感。如: (1)海水不可斗量。(2)文章总算写好了。说汉语的 人自古以来有一种主体思维方式,认为“成事者必在 人”,施事者“尽在不言之中”。所以很多被动关系不必 一定用“被”字句。 一、被动语态的语义价值 第一、被动语态有强调受事者,将它置于话题(topic)的主位的语用功能。 1).Peter was robbed to pay Paul. Peter was robbed by him to pay Paul. 他偷了彼得的钱去还保尔的债。(他剜肉补疮。) 2).The happy man cannot be harried. 吉人自有天相。 第二、被动语态有承接上句的修辞功能。 3)Many advances in computer technology took place in the twenty years after 1950.They are generally classified into four stages or generations. 第三、被动语态在特定的语境中表达对主语的尊敬或说话者的谦恭。 4)Where can you be reached?

在什么地方可以找到您?(请问您住在什么地方?) 5)When will I be interviewed? 我什么时候来参加面试呢? 第四、被动语态常用以表示说话者对所提出的话题持有某种客观态度,因而比较委婉。 6)He is said to be the most respected teacher in our Department. 7)It is suggested that each speaker is alloted five minutes. 建议每位发言者讲话不要超过五分钟。 二、被动语态的翻译问题 (一)译成汉语主动句 1、原文中的主语在译文中仍作主语 2、原文中的主语在译文中作宾语 3、译成带表语的主动句“…的是…”或“……是……的” 4、常用被动句型的翻译 5、用“在…下”式(主动式动词+介短) (二)译成汉语被动句 1、“被…”或“给…”“让”“叫” 2、“(遭)受…” 3、“为…所” 4、“加以”“予以”“给以”

主动语态与被动语态相互转换

主动语态与被动语态句型转换 一、主动语态与被动语态相互转换,每空一词(含缩写)。 56. We call maths the language of science. (改为被动句) Maths _________ _________ the language of science. 57. Where did they plant trees (改为被动句) Where _________ trees _________ 58. You can borrow two books at a time.(改为被动句) Two books _________ _________ _________ at a time. teacher made the students copy the text.改为被动句 The students _________ _________ _________ copy the text. 60. They produce silk in Suzhou.(改为被动句) Silk _________ _________ in Suzhou. 61. They built a bridge between the two islands last year. (改为被动句) A bridge ________ ________ between the two islands last year. 62. A birthday party will be given tomorrow. (改为主动句) We _________ _________ a birthday party tomorrow. 63. John was seen to cross the street just now by someone.(改为主动句) Someone _________ John _________ the street just now. 64. Can another way be thought of to keep your wine or water warm(改为主动句) Can _______ _______ _______ another way to keep your wine or water warm 65. Too many trees are still being cut down in the USA. (改为主动句) _________ are still _________ down too many trees in the USA. 二、对划线部分提问,每空一词(含缩写)。 66. Jim has stayed in the college for five years. _________ _________ has Jim stayed in the college

主动语态变被动语态专题练习

主动语态变被动语态专题练习 一、将下列主动语态的句子变为被动语态 1.Teachers must take good care of the student. 2. Was another man-made satellite sent up into the space by them last week. 3.People plant many trees on either side of the street each year. 4.Li Lei mended the bike. 5. A famous American writer wrote the book Red Star Over China years ago. 6.Two years ago we used that machine to make shoes for children. 7. Ken is often heard to apologize to his teacher. 8.People there didn’t plant any trees last year. 9. We call him David. 10.We will plant some trees in the garden this year. 11. Do young people usually listen to pop music? 12.We should help the disabled people. 13. Jenny showed me the picture. 14.My mother gave me a dictionary as a birthday present.

(完整版)主动语态变被动语态的几种类型

主动语态变被动语态的几种类型 一、含双宾语的主动结构变为被动结构 有些动词,如give,tell,buy等,在句中作谓语时可有两个宾语,又称双宾语,即“间接宾语+直接宾语”结构形式。含双宾语的主动结构变为被动结构时,可以将其中一个宾语变为主语,另一个保留不动。一般是主动结构的间接宾语变为被动结构的主语。如果直接宾语变为被动结构的主语,间接宾语之前应加介词to(可省去)或for(一般不可省)。如: 1 . My mother gave me a pen.~I was given a pen by my mother.或:A pen was given (to) me by my mother.(介词to 可省略) 2 .He told her a long story.~She was told a long story.或:A long story was told (to) her.(介词to可省略) 3.Father bought me a new coat.~I was bought a new coat.或:A new coat was bought for me.(介词for不可省略)注意:被动句中强调间接宾语时,其前的介词to 不可省去。如: This apple is given to me, not to you.这个苹果是给我的,而不是给你的。 二、含复合宾语的主动结构变为被动结构 复合宾语指的是“宾语+宾语补足语(简称宾补)”这一结构形式。含复合宾语的主动结构变为被动结构时,只将主动结构中的宾

语变为被动结构的主语,宾语补足语保留不动。可充当宾语补足语的有名词、动词不定式、现在分词、过去分词、形容词、介词短语等等。如: 1.They call her Xiao Li.(主动结构,宾补为名词Xiao Li )~She is called Xiao LI.(被动结构) 2.They chose Tom monitor.(主动结构,宾补为名词monitor)~Tom was chosen monitor.(被动结构) 3.He told me to wait for you.(主动结构,宾补为不定式短语to wait for you)~I was told to wait for you.(被动语态) 4.I found him lying on the floor.(主动结构,宾补为现在分词短语lying on the floor)~He was found lying on the floor.(被动结构) 注意:在主动语态的句子中,谓语动词make的宾语补足语如果由动词不定式充当,则该动词不定式不带to。感官动词see,hear,watch等,也有这种用法。但当谓语动词是let时,其被动结构后的不定式仍不带to。例如: They made him go.(主动结构,宾补为不带to的不定式go)~He was made to go.(被动语态) They let John go.(主动结构)~John was let go.(被动结构) 三、含情态动词的主动结构变为被动结构

被动语态翻译题

被动语态练习题 1.我们希望你尽快完成那项工作。 2我们已在会议上讨论了那个重大的问题。 3.学生们经常在课上做那样的练习题。 4.明年他们将在这条河上建一座新大桥。 5.你的家庭作业做完了吗? 6.这家工厂制作这种自行车。 7.上课之前我们必须交上数学练习本。

8.我们把这个房间当作会议室使用。 9.明天他们会完成植树吗? 10.你可以早一点做完它。 11.我看见她从学校出来了。 12.她给了我一件生日礼物。 13.我们还没有担完水。 14.你能在两小时之内干完活吗? 15.我从没听他说过关于这件事.

16.即使问题的确出现了,也可以轻易地得到改正或解决。 17.在全体工作人员的共同努力下,这项生产计划得以顺利实施。 18.人们重新发现了古代文明。 19.教授们因此得到了报酬。 20.人们预计直到2000年那个国家的失业率都会保持稳定。 21.必须立刻处理他频繁的逃课问题。

22.人脑与电脑的区别可以用一个词形容:复杂性。 23.从那以后人们通常认为它是一把双刃剑,就像人的克隆一样,在增加我们的财富以及给我们带来舒适的同时,其潜在的危险又让人们感到恐慌。 24.人们相信核能是我们这个时代最伟大的革新之一,然而人们又担心它会毁灭世界。 25.一种在世界范围内迅速传播的计算机病毒已

经感染了50000多台电脑。 26.大体上来说,人可以分为三种:一种是劳累至死的,一种是忧心至死的,还有一种无聊至死的。 27.总的来说, 得出这种结论是有一定把握的, 然而,必须具备两个条件:能够假定这个孩子与他的竞争能力对手对考试已经有着相同的态度;他也不会因为缺乏对手们已掌握的有关知识而被处罚。

初中英语主动语态变被动语态的句子练习题及答案

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主动语态与被动语态

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五. 方法: ●Many people speak English.(主动语态) ●English is spoken by many people.(被动语态) 六.注意以下问题: ● A.带有双宾语的动词变为被动语态时,可以把其中一个宾语变为被动语态的主语,若将直接宾语(sth.)变为主语,须根据习惯在原间接宾语前加上介词to或for 用to的常见词有:give, show, send, lend, pass, pay, teach, throw, take, bring etc. 用for的常见词有:make, choose, sing, play, draw, save, buy, get, leave, cook etc. ●eg. ●1. Mary gave him some books. ●He was given some books by Mary. ●Some books were given to him by Mary. ●2. Her father bought her a new bike. ●She was bought a new bike by her father. ● A new bike was bought for her by her father. ●B.带复合宾语(宾语+宾语补足语)的动词变为被动语态时,只能将宾语变为被动语态的主语,宾语补足语不可变为主语。

各种时态的主动语态和被动语态

主动语态被动语态 动词原形或+s/es 主语+am/is/are+done 1. 一般现在时主语+ 系动词am/is/are+表语主语+ Can/may/must+be+done Can/may/must+动词原形 动词过去式主语+ was/were +done was/were +表语主语+ could/might/had to +be+done 2. 一般过去时主语+ could/might/had to +动词原形 Will/shall +v 主语+ will/shall +be+done 3. 一般将来时主语+ am/is/are going to +v 主语+ am/is/are going to +be+done am/is/are + to do 主语+am/is/are + to +be+done would/should+v 主语+ would/should +be+done 4. 过去将来时主语+ was/were going to +do 主语+ was/were going to +be+done Was/were+ to do 主语+ Was/were + to +be+done 5. 现在进行时主语主语+am/is/are+ being done 6. 过去进行时主语+was/were+doing 主语+ was/were + being done 7. 现在完成时主语+have/has+done 主语+ have/has+been done 8. 过去完成时主语+had+done 主语+had been done 9. 现在完成进行时主语+have/has+ been doing(无被动) 10. 过去完成进行时主语+had+ been doing(无被动) 注:系动词、不及物动词没有被动语态,但动词不定式to do有被动语态,即to be done。 主动语态变为被动语态 1.I teach him English every is taught English by me every day. 主 +谓 +间宾 +直宾 +时间状语 (1)主动语态变为被动语态:主动语态的主语变为被动语态中by的宾语(人称代词由 主格变为宾格),主动语态的动词变为被动语态相应时态的被动语态(要按着各种时态 的构成形式去变),主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语(人称代词由宾格变为主格)。 (2)主动语态变为被动语态,动词时态不能发生变化。 (3)人称代词的主格和宾格: 主格在句子中作主语,宾格在句子中作宾语。 人称代词的主格:主格在句子中作主语 I(我),you(你),he,she,it(他,她,它),we(我们),you(你们),they(他/ 她/它们) 人称代词的宾格:宾格在句子中作宾语,放在动词和介词之后。 me(我),you(你),him,her,it(他,她,它),us(我们),you(你们),them(他/ 她/它们)

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5突破英文中被动语态的翻译 二

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榴石,它的晶体结构总的来说从某种程度上类似于钻石,但是当存在时,这种相似就被认为是有说服力的证据,钻石和内含物确实是同源的。 It is not known that… How rare this resemblance is Or Eg. He wears a coat, a hat and a scarf. Such as garnet 例如:中国选手在跳水、乒乓球、羽毛球、体操等项目上都获得了金牌。 Whose That of diamond Is regarded as Diamond

现在尚不知这种类似稀少到何种地步,也不知道是否它最常见于像石榴石一类的硅酸盐的内含物中,而这类物质的晶体结构普遍地在某种程度上类似于金刚石的晶体结构。但一旦存在,这种类似就可以视作是极有说服力的证据,证明金刚石与内含物确实是同源的。 而 The resemblance is regarded as compelling evidence that the diamonds and inclusions are truly to co genetic. Beijing, the capital of China, is a very beautiful city. So, let us, in these next five days, start a long march together, not in lockstep, but on different roads leading to the same goal, the

初中英语主动语态变被动语态练习题及答案

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