《雅思阅读范文》word版
雅思阅读范文
CHINA AND THE INTERNET
You should try this example of an IELTS style Reading Passage. You should try and spend no more than 20 minutes to answer the questions. The answers are given at the end along with some explanations for some of the questions.
THE GREAT WALL WIRED
A. As more and more Chinese are gaining access to the Internet, China`s authorities are finding themselves with a digital dilemma. The new Technology is transforming the way we do everything. However, because of its lack of central control, the Chinese authorities are wary. They see the spread of the global network of information as offering both good bits and bad bits
B. The bad threatens to facilitate contact and collusion among far flung opponents of the Government and to transmit subversive opinions, unwelcome information and unapproved news. For example a group of "Computer Hackers" (people who try to gain unauthorized access to computer systems), have promised to destroy China`s network systems. This anonymous group, calling themselves "Legion of the Underground" are angry about China`s human rights abuses and want to pressurise the Government. Then there is pornography which threatens the "spiritual civilization" that China`s leaders wish to build.
C. The good bits are the benefits of easier academic exchanges, scientific co- operation and the transfer of technical and business information. The mundane work of China`s bureaucrats and secret policemen should become easier with greater use of the technology. The police are already rumoured to be sufficiently wired to know when a foriegner checks into a hotel in any big city. Even if they are not, they at least benefit from the public belief that their surveillance is effective.
D. At present few Chinese people have access to the Internet, but this is rapidly changing. It is estimated that early next century the number of Internet users will rise to over 4 million. Before 1994, the Internet was only used by those in Academic and Scientific fields, but use has become more widespread. Official figures reckon that there are 250,000 computers in China with connections to the Internet and more than 1000 service providers. Use of the Internet is spreading rapidly and some observers think that the Government`s forecast of 4 million users by the year 2000 is too small and the real number will be much higher. One obstacle is that online commerce in goods will be denied to many Chinese simply because so few yet have credit cards.
E. Officials have the problem of trying to promote what they see as good use of the Internet while restricting what they do not like. The authorities fear the lack of centralised control which characterises the Internet and have taken steps to try and limit what the public can do. Recently a formal set of regulations on Internet usage was introduced which replaced temporary guidelines. The new rules forbid the user from doing anything online to harm national unity or incite the overthrow of China`s socialist system. Sex, gambling, terrorism and other assorted sins are likewise forbidden. Needless to say, any form of political expression is absolutely banned.
F. Since they have an ultimate control over the country`s main data pipelines leading to the Internet, the authorities have two ways to enforce the rules. One is to monitor what Chinese surfers do online in order to find and punish those breaking the rules. The other is to block the electronic path to objectionable material with filtering software. Among the sites currently blocked are those of several western news organisations, including CNN and TIME Magazine.
G. Yet both methods, are in the long run, losing battles. Monitoring Internet traffic is a tedious and time consuming affair that will only become more difficult as the volume increases. As for filtering, even though China is using ever more sophisticated software (much of it provided by American firms), clever users can defeat it. Moreover, the young, electronically talented workers needed to provide this supervisory role are likely to be more inclined (and certainly better paid) selling their services to the private sector rather than the government`s Internet nannies.
H. Chinese service-providers say that most users are trying to get ahead in life rather than topple the Government. They are checking share prices, looking for business leads and doing much of their browsing on Chinese language software and accessing Chinese rather than foreign websites. In essence, their character seems to be in keeping with the rest of the world. They are just exploring the convenience of access to information and ease of communication.
I. Others say Internet users need not be explicitly subversive in order to transform China. The change,they say, will not come from the Internet`s firebrands as from its mere presentation of varied views and voices. A technology consultant in Beijing observed that the most recent graduates from Beijing University - the first to have had access to e-mail and the Internet - have a markedly different outlook from their predecessors.
作答 : Questions 1-5
The following is a summary of paragraphs A-C. Please fill in the gaps using NO MORE THAN THREE words taken from the text.
As the number of people using the Internet in China increases the Government is facing problems. Because the Internet does not have 1._________ , the authorities are becoming nervous. They see the disadvantages as well as advantages. One disadvantage
is that it may promote 2.______________ between people who oppose the Government from around the world. However, the Internet also offers some advantages, for example easier co-operation in academic and scientific fields as well as communication of 3.__________ information. Using this technology will also make the work of those who monitor the activities of the people become 4._________. For instance it is already believed that when a 5.__________ arrives at a big city hotel, then the police will have access to this information.
作答 : Questions 6-10
Match the most suitable heading from the list for paragraphs D-H.
Note: There are more headings than paragraphs so you will not use them all. Example: Paragraph C. Answer - 4.
QUESTIONS
6. Paragraph D Answer-________
7. Paragraph E Answer-________
8. Paragraph F Answer-________
9. Paragraph G Answer-________
10.Paragraph H Answer-________
HEADINGS
1. Domestic uses of the Internet.
2. Value of methods to limit public access.
3. Limiting online freedom.
4. Advantages of the Internet.
5. Disadvantages of the Internet.
6. Number of people using the Internet.
7. Expansion of Internet use.
8. Good use of the Internet.
9. Ways to limit public access.
10. Differences between old and new users.
Question 11 How many people are using the Internet?
A - 4,000,000
B - More than 250,000
C - Less than 250,000
D - Cannot tell.
Question 12 Why are so few people in China able to buy things on the Internet?
Question 13 Do the most recent graduates of Beijing Universityhave the same point of view as their predecessors.
A Yes
B No
C Cannot tell
范例解析
Questions 1-5
In Gap Filling type questions the language used in the summary will usually be very different from that in the Reading Text. It is very important for the candidate to have a very flexible mind and be able to connect the synonymous language in both Text and Question.
For example for Q1, the summary uses different language to express the same information. To answer this question the reader needs to be able to understand words or phrases in both the Text and Question that have the same or similar meanings. In this case, if the reader can connect "Lack Of" with "Does Not Have" and also "Wary" with "Nervous", then it should be logical to work out that "Central Control" is the missing information. "
Because the Internet does not have CENTRAL CONTROL, the authorities are becoming nervous. This has the same meaning as: However, because of its lack of CENTRAL CONTROL the Chinese authorities are wary.
Similarily, for Q2, the reader needs to be able to recognise that "Facilitate" and "Help Promote" as well as "Far Flung Opponents" and "People Who Oppose the Government From Around The World" have the same ideas to be able to work out the answer is "CONTACT AND COLLUSION."
For many Reading Test answers, the candidate can use their common sense. However sometimes the question requires that the reader understands different ways to express the same information. If the reader cannot recognise words or phrases with synonymous meanings, then it may be difficult to answer some question. In the Reading Test there is no substitute for possessing a Large Vocabulary.
Questions 6-10
Paragraph Matching questions are among the most difficult that the reader that the reader will encounter. They require the candidate be able to read and understand the general meaning of the entire paragraph. For these questions it is not enough to simply read the first sentence and deduce the main topic of the paragraph.
For instance Paragraph D talks about the numbers of people using the Internet. It would be easy to conclude that the answer should be 6-Number of people using the Internet. Candidates should remember to understand the instructions very carefully. The MOST SUITABLE description is required. While 6 is not wrong, a better, MORE SUITABLE answer is 7. Expansion of the Internet. This answer is more appropriate because the paragraph is more concerned with increasing numbers and gives various estimates for future levels.
Candidates often try to read the 1st sentence of a paragraph and then try to judge the answer. In Paragraph E the opening line is, "Officials have the problem of trying to promote what they see as GOOD USE of the Internet while restricting what they do not like."
It would be tempting to choose answer 8- Good use of the Internet. However, this has little to do with the real meaning of the paragraph. Rather, it talks about Government fears and their regulations to try and limit the public`s freedom on the Internet. So the correct answer is 3-Limiting online access.
Question 11
In this question, care should be taken to understand exactly what information is given in the Text. It is obvious that that the reader needs to scan-read for a number. In paragraph D it says "there are now more than 250,000 personal computers in China with connection to the Internet." The reader should be careful. The number 250,000 DOES NOT refer to the amount of computer USERS, but rather the amount of computer terminals. So the answer to this question is D- Cannot Tell.
Answers 1-13
1.central control
2.contact and conllusion
3.technical and business
4.easier
5.foreigner
6. 7
7. 3
8. 9
9. 2
10. 1
11. D
12.not credit cards
13.yes
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