大学英语综合教程1答案

Appendix I

Key to Exercises (Units 1-8)

Unit 1

Part I Pre-reading Task

Script for the recording:

Have you ever heard of the pop singer, John Lennon? Here he is singing a song he wrote for his son. It's called Beautiful Boy.

Close your eyes

Have no rear

The monster s tone

He's on the run and your daddy's here

Beautiful, beautiful, beautiful

Beautiful boy

Beautiful, beautiful, beautiful

Beautiful boy

Before you go to sleep Say a

little prayer

1 John Lennon (1940-1980): First became famous as a singer and guitarist in the Beatles, a British rock group, writing many of their most successful hits. Later he left the group, but continued to be popular as a singer and songwriter.

Every day in every way

It's getting better and better

Beautiful, beautiful, beautiful

Beautiful boy

Beautiful, beautiful, beautiful

Beautiful boy

Out on the ocean sailing away

I can hardly wait

To see you come of age

But I guess we’ll both just have to be patient

‘Cause it's a long way t o go A bard row to hoe Yes

it's a long way to go

But in the meantime

Before you cross the street

Take my band

Life is what happens to you

While you're busy making other plans

Beautiful, beautiful, beautiful

Beautiful boy

Beautiful, beautiful, beautiful

Beautiful boy

Before you go to sleep Say a little

prayer Every day in every way It's

getting better and better

1 A hard row to hoe: To hoe is to use a special farming tool, a hoe, to clear small weeds and break up the surface of the soil.

The row referred to is a row of plants.

Appendix I- $9 -

Beautiful, beautiful, beautiful

Beautiful boy

Darling, darling, darling

Darling Sean

Y ou've just heard John Lennon singing a lullaby to his son Sean. A lullaby is a song we sing to help babies to go to sleep. So he tells Sean "Close your eyes, have no fear, your Daddy's here." Then he looks into the future. He sees his son setting out on life's adventure:

Out on the ocean sailing away

And he can hardly wait to see his son grow up, to reach eighteen when he comes of age and celebrates becoming an adult. But he knows they'll both have to be patient

Cause it'a long way to go A

hard row to hoe

Growing up can be difficult. At times it can, as we say, be a hard row to hoe. It's a phrase we use to describe any difficult task.

But if growing up is sometimes hard, it is also full of surprises. Things happen when we least expect them:

Lire is what happens to you

While you're busy making other plans

I think you'll find the stories you are going to read in this unit show that John Lennon was right: growing up can be quite an adventure, full of the unexpected.

As for John Lennon, sadly he never did live to see his son grow up and come of age, for John was shot dead by a madman in New Y ork while Sean was still only five years old.

- 90 -Appendix I

Part II Text A

Text organization

l.

Paragraphs Headings

1Baker's feelings about English courses

2Baker's impression of his new English teacher

3 A topic that attracts Baker's attention

4Vivid memories the title brought back

5Baker's sudden desire to write about that topic

6Anticipating punishment

7Mr. Fleagle's announcement

8Classmates' response to the essay

9What Baker discovered

2.

Parts Paragraphs Main Ideas

Part i Paras 1-2Baker was bored by everything associated with English

courses, including essay writing.

Part II Paras 3-5Baker found himself attracted by one particular topic

and wrote about it for his own joy.

Part III Paras 6-9The experience of writing the essay helped him discover

his talent for writing and realize what he wished to do in

life.

Appendix I- 91 -

Vocabulary

I. 1. 1) arguments2) put ... down

3) sequence4) rigid

5) tedious6) hold back

7) reputation8) distribute

9) off and on10) vivid

11) associate ... with12) congratulations

13) finally14) turn in/turn out

15) tackle

2. 1) George has been assigned to the newspaper's Paris office.

2)There is a possibility that his wish to become a writer will come true.

3)She had a clear image of how she would look in twenty years' time.

4)When the officer gave the command the soldiers opened fire.

5)As long as people keep buying bikes we'll keep turning them out.

3. 1) Mr. Green is very dull as a lecturer. He's rigid and old fashioned, and doesn't seem to have

the faintest idea of how to inspire. I always get bored with / by his lectures.

2)Alan's essays are long and tedious to read. What's more, his arguments are often based on

out of date ideas.

3)I was pleasantly surprised at my ability to compose an essay that the professor chose to

read to the class. It was without doubt one of the happiest moments in my school career, but I did my best to avoid showing pleasure. When the professor offered me his congratu-lations, however, I could hardly hold back a smile.

II. Synonyms in Context

1. composed

2. severe

3. agony

4. extraordinary

5. recall

6. command

7. was violating8. anticipate

III. Collocation

1. at

2. for

3. of

4. with

5. as

6. about

7. to8. in, in

- 92 - Appendix I

9. from 10. on/upon

Structure

1. 1) Russell Baker is reported to live today with his wife in Virginia.

2) They are said to be building another bridge across the river.

3) Only a few students in Mr. Parker's composition class are said to have really captured the essence of the essay.

4) Those love poems were believed to have been composed by an English poet of the sixteenth century.

2. 1) as you suggested 2) as I told you to

■

3) exactly as I was

4) as you have described them to me Comprehensive Exercises

I. Cloze

(A)

1. hold back 3. tedious 5. recall 7. arguments

9. turn out/turn in (B) 1. that 3. black 5. at

7. different 9. On

11. answer 13. wrong 15. Thus

II. Translation

Susan lost her legs because of / in a car accident. For a time, she didn't know how to face

2. congratulations 4. scanned 6. vivid

8. off and on 10. career

2. after

4. kids/children 6. for/of 8. So 10she

12.assignment/book 14

proved 16myself

Appendix I - 93 -

up to the fact that she would never ( be able to) walk again.

One day, while scanning (through ) books, a true story caught her eye/she was attracted by a true story. It gave a vivid description of how a disabled girl became a writer. Greatly inspired. Susan made up her mind to read as much as she could, and what's more, she wanted to write stories about her own childhood. Susan began to feel that she, too, would finally be able to lead a useful life.

Part III TextB

Comprehension Check l.b 2. a 3. c 4. c 5.b 6. c

Translation

(参见 Appendix HI) Language Practice 1. on purpose 3. comprises 5. assumed 7. generally 9. represent 11. voluntary 13. motioned 15. decent

Part IV Theme-related Language Learning Tasks

Model paper

A memorable Experience

On the morning of the college entrance test I rode a bike to the school where I would take the

2. in advance 4. adjusting to 6. think up 8. clashes 10. evil

12. in the meantime 14. appeal

- 94 -Appendix I

examination.

Less than halfway between my house and the school, disaster struck. My bike hit a nail and the front tyre went flat. I pushed the bike along the streets, looking for a repair shop. Minutes passed but still there was none to be found. When I looked at my watch, I went wild with worry: there were only fifteen minutes left before the examination began, and the nearest bus stop was a long way off. Not knowing what to do, I stood still by the side of the road, tears welling up in my eyes. Then a car pulled in and I heard a voice asking what the matter was. When he heard my story, the driver offered me a lift. Thank to his kindness, I arrived just in time. And so here I am today.( 157 words)

Unit 2

Part I Pre-reading Task

Script for the recording:

Just what are friends for? To have fun with, of course, to share in the good times. Yet most people would say that a real friend is more than just a fair weather friend. A fair weather friend? A fair weather friend is someone who's happy to stay with you when things are going well but leaves as soon as trouble arrives, while a good friend, a true friend, is one who'll stand by you when you find yourself in difficulties. That's certainly what the American pop singer Dionne Warwick thinks. As she tells her friend

... you can always count on me,

For sure, that's what friends are for,

For good times,an bad times,

I’ 11 be on your side forevermore.

But she sings it better than I can say it. So let's listen to her as she sings her song That's What Friends Are For.

Appendix I- 95 -That's What Friends Are For

Dionne Warwick

And I never thought I'd reel this way And as

far as I'm concerned I'm glad I got the chance

to say

That I do believe I love you

And if I should ever go away,

Well, then close your eyes and try,

To feel the way we do today,/

And then if you can remember,

Keep smiling, keep shining,

Knowing you can always count on me,

For sure, that's what friends are for,

For good times> and had times,

I'll he on your side forevermore,

That's what friends are for.

Well, you came and opened me

And now there's so much more I see

And so by the way, I thank you

And then for the times we're apart,

Well, then close your eyes and know

These words are coming from my heart

And then it you can remember,

Keep smiling, keep shining,

Knowing you can always count on me,

For sure, that's what friends are for,

For good times, and had times,

I'll he on your side forevermore,

That' s what friends are for,

Keep smiling, keep shining,

Knowing you can always count on me,

For sure that's what friends are for,

For good times, and had times,

I'll he on your side forevermore,

- 9t? -Appendix I

That's what mends are tor, Keep smiling, keep

shining, Knowing you can always count on me,

For sure, that's what friends are tor. For good

times, and bad times, I'll be on your side

forevermore, That' s what friends are f or.

Part II Text A

Points for Discussion

1. a) He sounded as if he had a cold or something.

b)"Thanks," I said, "but I don't want to read your mail. That's pretty personal."

c)... the first sentence reminded me of myself: "I've been meaning to write for some time, but

I've always postponed it."

d)It then went on to say that he often thought about the good times they had had together when

they both lived in the same neighborhood.

e)He shook his head: "Time."

f)"This is a good part here," I said. "Where it says, your friendship over the years has meant an

awful lot to me, more than I can say because I'm not good at saying things like that." I found myself nodding in agreement. "That must have made you feel good, didn't it?"

g)"I know I'd like to receive a letter like that from my oldest friend."

lext Organization

1. 1) The story begins with the cab driver reading a letter.

2)The letter Tom wrote to his friend Ed.

3)Their conversation was centered on the lifelong friendship between the driver and Old Ed.

4)The author got to learn more about their friendship by reading the letter himself.

2.

Parts Paragraphs Main Ideas

Part One Paras 1-20From a conversation with the cab driver the author learned

how much he regretted failing to keep up correspondence

Appendix I

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with his old friend Ed.

Part Two Paras 21-35 Reading the letter by himself, the author learned more about the lifelong friendship between the driver and Old Ed. Part Three

Para 36

The driver's experience urged the author to reach for his pen.

Vocabulary

I. 1. 1) absolutely

3) every now and then 5) destination 7) mostly 9) right away 11) or something 13) went by 15) keep in touch

2. 1) It seemed that his failure in the examination was still on his mind.

2) He was completely choked up by the sight of his team losing in the final minutes of the game.

3) She was so lost in study that she forgot to have dinner.

4) Something has come up and I am afraid I won't be able to accomplish the project on time. 5) The cost of equipping the new hospital was estimated at $2 million.

3. 1) A couple of flights at Pudong Airport were postponed this morning because of the awful

weather. It is estimated that over one thousand passengers were held up.

2) My professor assigned me some reference books on computers to read. Unfortunately they are not available in our school library. I am kind of worried about it.

3) Michael is not much of a teacher. He often skips from one subject to another so it is difficult for his students to follow him. Besides he just lets them go ahead with exercises without making sure they have understood what they are expected to do.

II. Collocation

1. to

2. for

3. at

4. from

5. in *

6. to

7. on

8. with

2) available

4) are urging/urged 6) know ... by heart 8) hangs out 10) reunion 12) practically 14) going ahead

- 9$ -Appendix I

III. Usage

1. more or less

2. kind of/sort of

3. Something

4. kind of/sort of

5. more or less

6. or something

Structure

1. 1) may/might as well watch

2)may/might as well pour out

3)may/might as well walk

4)may/might as well buy

2. 1) She looks as if she is worried about it.

2)It smells as if it is fresh.

3)It sounds as if it is Chinese.

4)It feels as if it is made of silk.

Comprehensive Exercises

I. Cloze

(A)

1. choked up

3. practically

5. correspondence 7. destination

9. Mostly

11. absolutely

(B)

1. how

3. but

5. to

7. reply/answer 9. asking

11.touch

13. pieces

15. check 2. awful

4. neighborhood 6. available

8. reunion 10. postponing

2. himself

4. So

6. long

8. from

10. when 12. for

14. go

16. out

Appendix I- 99 -

II. T ranslation

It is not easy to keep in touch with friends when they are far away. This is certainly true in my case.

It has been a couple of years since I left my old neighborhood and all the friends I had there. I've been meaning to write to them but something or other comes up and I just don't seem to find the time. Now I have kind of lost touch with them. They are always on my mind, however, and I think I will certainly make an effort to keep up correspondence with them in future.

Part III Text B

Comprehension Check

l.d 3. a 5. c 7. d 2. b 4. d 6. d

Translation

(参见Appendix III) language Practice

1. stuff

3. dragging

5. get rid of

7. was peering/peered 9. swung

11. extent

13. draw on

15. Worse still 2. uneasy

4. highlight

6. despair

8.soaked

10. in good shape 12. rescue

14. let... down

- 100 - Appendix I

Part IV Theme-related Language Learning Tasks

Model paper

Old Friend,

I've been meaning to write for some time, but I've always postponed it. You know what I'm like, always putting things off till tomorrow. And writing was never my strong point. But looking out the window just now at the kids playing outside reminded me of when we were their age. All sorts of memories, like the time Tim Shea broke the window, the Halloween that we tied Old Mr. Parker's gate, and when Mrs. Culver used to keep us after school, came flooding back. What a great time we spent hanging out together. Come to think of it, time was just about all we did have to spend in those days.

But time flies. I began the letter with "Old Friend" because that's what we've become over the years—old friends. And there aren't many of us left. Which makes those who are all the more precious. You in particular. Your friendship over the years has meant an awful lot to me, more than I can say because I'm not good at saying things like that.

Anyway, we've been out of touch for far too long. So I thought you'd like to know that I was thinking of you. We really must try to get together soon. Why not come to visit? You know you're always welcome.

Your Old Friend,

Tom PS If you see Tim Shea remind him he never did replace that ball of mine he broke the window with!(245 words)

Appendix I- 101 - Unit 3

Part I Pre-reading Task

Script for the recording:

This unit begins with an article on science. Before you read it, let me tell you something about its author, Stephen Hawking.

Hawking is perhaps the most well-known scientist since Einstein. Like Einstein his work tackles the big questions, questions such as How did the universe begin? Why is the universe the way it is? and How will it end? He is now working on what is sometimes known as the 'theory of everything.' Among other things, this promises to explain what caused the Big Bang that started the universe.

But it is not simply the power of Hawking's mind that has led to his fame. For what many people find most striking about him is the contrast between the strength of his mind and the weakness of his body. For for many years Hawking has suffered from an illness that has left him unable to move and to speak normally.

Born in England in 1942, Hawking had a normal childhood, and it was not until he was a student at university that his illness started to affect him. Hospital tests showed he was suffering from a disease that weakens control over the muscles. The disease gets worse with time and there is no known cure. But Hawking did not lose heart. As he says, "although there was a cloud hanging over my future, I found, to my surprise, that I was enjoying life more than before. I began to make progress with my research, and I got engaged to a girl called Jane Wilde. That engagement changed my life. It gave me something to live for."

Hawking started research at Cambridge and went on to hold the same post that another great scientist, Newton, once held. Over the years his condition has worsened, but even when he finally lost the ability to speak, he managed to get round the problem. He now uses a computer that enables him to select words which are then turned into speech. "The only trouble," the English scientist says, "is that it gives me an American accent!"

- 102 -

Appendix I

Part II Text A

Text Organization

1.

Parts Paragraphs Main Ideas

Part One Paras 1-3 To make informed decisions about change, the public needs a basic understanding of science.

Part Two Paras 4-6 What can be done to educate the public about science. Part Three

Para 7

With an informed public, human civilization will survive.

2. 1) The importance of the teaching of science in schools. 2) The role mass media can play, especially what television can do.

Vocabulary

inquired in terms of tend precise grasped sufficient

convey in two minds

Winning the match today has ensured their team a place in the Cup Final. Susan was not informed of the reasons why she was dismissed. These computer games entertain as well as educate the learner. No living thing can

do without air and water. The election is likely to be held in June.

The film's appeal lies in not only the entertainment it provides to the audience but also the questions it raises about the possible contact between human beings and alien civilizations. 2) The decision on the new project is made on the basis of scientific study. The project is

2) brief 4) cut...off 6) anyway 8) moreover 10) in the form of 12) initiative 14) fit into

1 ? 1) 3)

5)

7)

9) 11 13 152 1) 2) 3)

4) 5) 31)

Appendix I

- 103 -

likely to succeed despite the fact that we do not have sufficient funds at the moment.

3) True it is hard to make accurate predictions (预言), but the steady growth of the informa-tion industry ensures that this line of products will be highly profitable. II. Prefixation 1. regained

3. undersupplied 5. precondition 7.

mispronounced

2. undecided 4. disabled

6. foresight 8. enrich

III. Antonyms 2. 1)majority 3) increased 5) local 7) wrong

2) accepted

4) weakness es 6) late 8) false

Structure

1) My income is now twice as much as I used to earn two years ago.

2) I am wearing only half as much as I usually do because of the warm weather.

3) If you had spent half as much time on your studies as your elder sister did, you could have made the honor roll.

4) I could eat/could have eaten as much again if the doctor had not told me to go on a diet.

1) As is shown by the growth rate of GDP in the last two decades, China's reform and open policy is a great success.

2) As is predicted by some newspapers, there will be a substantial cut in tax on imported cars in

Good bad modern ancient Rich poor forget remember Dry wet go come Agree differ young old

Attack defend simple difficult Colored colorless like v., n. dislike Long short likely unlikely Early late trust distrust

- 104 -Appendix 1

the coming year.

3)As is proved by the records, China's human rights situation has been steadily improving over

the years.

4)The failure of the joint venture was not, as was assumed by outsiders, because of lack of

capital, but because of poor management.

Comprehensive Exercises

I. Cloze

(A)

1. attitude

2. highly

3. informed

4. bring... about

5. rate

6. sufficient

7. put across 8. proportion

9. Hence 10. ensure

11. audience

(B)

1. which

2. how

3. Besides

4. that/which

5. discoveries

6. Another

7. through 8. other

9. an 10. affect

11. imagine/tell 12. may

13. supply 14. around

15. make 16. live

II. Translation

It is hard to imagine how our forefathers could do without so many conveniences that modern technology has brought about. Back then only a small proportion of the population en-joyed some comforts. The majority didn't even have sufficient food, not to speak of/let alone the privilege of being educated. However, many people blame modern technology for the problems it has created. They want to slow down the rate of progress. But no one can put the clock back. The best we can do is to make informed decisions as to the direction in which technology is to develop.

Appendix

I

105 Part III TextB

Comprehension Check

l.d 3. a

5.

c 7. b 2. b 4. c 6. a

Translation

(参见Appendix III) Language Practice

1. outcome 3. yield

5. worn down 7. amount 9. proposed 11. Somehow 13. process 15. challenges

2. frustrating 4. Failure

6. conclusions 8. professional 10. evaluating 12. bulk

14. step by step

Part IV Theme-related Language Learning Tasks

Model paper

How Science Changes Our Lives

Science has certainly changed our lives, bringing benefits to some and hardships to others. Computers, for example, have provided some with the comfort of working from home while at the same time throwing others out of work as their jobs are automated. In the future changes are likely to be even much greater as science reaches out to shape life itself. New organisms (有机体) are already being engineered. New genetically modified crops promise benefits from higher yields and less use of harmful chemicals.

But once again we cannot be sure that science will only change our lives for the better. The possibility remains that some modern Frankenstein may carelessly or deliberately let loose a new and