21世纪大学英语读写教程第一册词汇

Unit One

Text A

Perform vt.执行；演出，表演vi.工作；完成

High-achieving a.得高分的

Iower-scoring a.得分较低的

Concentrate vi.集中思想；专注；专心；全神贯注Interruption n.打扰；干扰；中止；阻碍

Ignore vt.不理，忽视

Focus v.集中注意力于某事情

Assign vt.委派；指派

Tutor n.私人教师，家庭教师vt.当...的教师；指导；辅导Underachieving a.未能充分发挥学习潜力的；学习成绩不良的Athlete n.运动员

Recall vt.回想(起)；记得

Memorise vt.记住，熟记

Vocabulary n.（语言、个人、行业或知识领域等所使用的）词汇（量）Missing a.缺失的；找不到的；失踪的，下落不明的Notebook n.笔记本，记事本

Folder n.文件夹

Assignment n.(分派的)任务，(指定的)作业

Drawer n.抽屉

Essential a.(to,for)绝对必要的n.(常用复数)必需品Essay n.论说文；散文

Draft n.草稿；草案vt.起草；草拟

Due a.到期的，预定应到的Deadline n.最后期限

Schedule n.时间表；日程安排表Overtired a.过度疲劳的

Stretch vi.舒展身体，伸懒腰

Irrelevant （to）a.不相关的；不相干的Relevant a.相关的；相干的

Paragraph n.（文章的）段落

speed-reading n.快速阅读

Per prep.每；每一

Content n.[复数]目录；内容

Retain vt.保持，保留

Revision n.复习；修改

Scan vt.浏览；扫视Participation n.参加，参与

Participate vi.参与，参加

Intellectual n.知识分子a.智力的；知识的Curiosity n.好奇，好奇心；求知欲Economics n.经济学

Economy n.经济(制度)

Market-driven a.市场驱动的

Graduate a.研究生的n.有学位者；大学毕业生vi.毕业Graduate student 研究生

Calculus n.微积分

Approach v.靠近；接近n.方式；方法

Solution n.解决(办法)

make the most of 充分利用

count for much 很有价值或重要性

count for little 没有多少价值或重要性

not the whole story 不是全部情况

only part of the story 只是部分情况

put in 花费(时间或金钱)

get one's hands on 把…弄到手

lay one's hands on 把…弄到手

hand in 交上，提交

Keep...together 把…聚在一起

cut down on 减少

stick to 坚持；不放弃，不改变

work wonders 创奇迹；产生奇妙作用

go through 从头至尾看；遍查

lead to 导致；引起

a couple of (两)个；两三(个)

write up 写出，写成

put away 把(某物)收藏在合适的地方

time after time 一再；屡次

Text B

Bittersweet a.又苦又甜的；苦乐参半的Excitement n.激动，兴奋

Preference n.偏爱，优先

Subtly ad.微妙地，巧妙地

Particular a.某一的；特定的

Locate vt.[常用被动语态]使…坐落于，把…设置在Establish vt.确立，确定

Financially ad.经济方面地

Financial a.金融的，财政的

Feasible a.可行的

Perspective n.想法；观点

Concern n.感兴趣的事；关心的事vt.使关心，使挂念Shift vi.转变，转移n.(in)转变，转移Attractive a.有吸引力的

Assurance n.保证；自信，把握

Survive v.(从困境中)挺过来；经历(事故等)而幸存Horrible a.可怕的；骇人的

Transfer vi.转学；转移，调动

Senior n.(中学)最高年级学生；(大学)四年级学生Underclass a.低年级的

Rung n.梯级

Despite prep.尽管，任凭

Anticipation n.预期，期望

Anticipate vt.预期，期望

Impact n.影响，撞击；冲击

Strain n.[常用复数]乐曲；旋律；曲调

Pomp n.壮丽景色，壮观；(典礼等的) 盛况Circumstance n.环境；情形；情况

Echo n.回声，回声vi.回响，发出回声Background n.背景

Gown n.长袍

Solemnly ad.严肃地，庄严地

Solemn a.庄重的，严肃的

File vi.排成纵队行进，鱼贯而行Auditorium n.礼堂

Consume vt.使不知所措，压倒

Daze n.迷乱，恍惚

Stage n.主席台，舞台

Diploma n.毕业文凭，学位证书

Brand n.(商品的)名牌

Brand-new a.崭新的；全新的

Prospect n.前景

Routine n.常规

Commute n.上学放学(或上下班)的往返交通Abhor vt.憎恶，厌恶

Treasure n.珍爱，珍惜

come of age 成年，满法定年龄

be on one's own 独自一人；以独力

look over sb.'s shoulder 监视某人

on the other hand 另一方面

keep up 保持良好状态；不落后；跟上What if 如果…将会怎样?

turn out (to be) 最后证明是，原来是，结果竟是set in 到来，开始

file into 排成纵队进入

well up (眼泪等)涌上

in a daze 茫然之中

reach out 伸出(手或臂)

as for 至于，关于

for good 永远

Unit Two

Text A

Conversational a.会话的，交谈的

Conversation n.谈话；会谈

Ballgame n.球类活动

Gradually ad.逐渐

Startle vt.使惊吓，使惊奇

Halt vi.(使)停住，(使)停止n.停住，停止Handle vt.处理，应付

Style n.（写作或说话的）风格；文风；文体Unconsciously ad.无意识地，不知不觉地Challenge n.挑战；质疑vt.向…挑战；对…质疑Disagree vi.有分歧，不同意

Response n.回答；回应，反应

Original a.起初的；原来的

Bounce vi.(球)弹起，(球)反弹

Objection n.反对，异议

Forth ad.向前；向外

Responsible a.负有责任的，有责任的

Bowling n.保龄球

Relative a.相对的，比较的n.亲戚，亲属Previous a.先前的；以前的

Junior a.级别或地位较低的，年少的，较年幼的Bowl vt.把(球)投向球瓶

Lane n.球道；车道；胡同，小巷

Pin n.球瓶；大头针，别针

Register vt.记录，登记

Suitable a.合适的；适当的

Impatience n.不耐烦；急躁

Snatch vt.抓住；夺，夺得

Alley n.小巷，小街，胡同；球道

Bowler n.投球手

Apart ad.成碎片

Parallel a.平行的，并列的

Switch vi.改变，转移

join in 参加(活动)，参与

come to a halt 停住，停止；停顿

even if/though 即使，尽管

just as 正如；同样地

back and forth 来回地，反复地

and so on 等等

knock down 击倒；撞倒

fall apart 破裂；破碎；以失败告终

call on 号召；请求

refer to 谈到，提及

after all 毕竟

Unit Three

Text A

Sunshine n.阳光

Infant n.婴儿

Musician n.乐师；作曲家

Pray vi.祈求；祈祷

Spoon n.匙，调羹

Faintly ad.微弱地，轻微地

Resemble vt.类似，像

Drum n.鼓

Tire vt.(使)感到疲劳；(使)厌倦；(使)厌烦Sighted a. 看得见的，不盲的，有视力的Harmonica n.口琴

Amaze vt.使惊奇，使惊羡

Porch n.(建筑物前有顶的)门廊，入口处Apartment n.公寓大楼；一套公寓房间

Clap vi.拍手

Miracle n.奇迹

Promptly ad.及时地，迅速地

Company n.公司；商号

Audition n.(对志愿艺人等的)面试(指试读、试唱等) Kid n.小孩

Congratulate vt.祝贺

Youngster n.男孩，年轻人

Talent n.天才；天资；超常智能；人才

Decade n.十年，十年期

Dart n.猛冲，飞奔

Instrument n.仪器；器具；乐器；器械

Ease n.容易；安适；悠闲；无痛苦；无忧虑Fingertip n.指尖

Smash v.粉碎；打碎n.轰动的演出，巨大的成功Adulthood n.成年

Aspect n.方面

Career n.生涯，职业

Formula n.公式，程式；准则，方案

Explore v.勘探；探索；探测

Gospel n.福音音乐(美国黑人的一种宗教音乐) Jazz n.爵士音乐

Rhythm n.韵律；节奏

Album n.(同一表演者的)集锦密纹唱片；集邮册，相册Mature a.充分发育的；(智力或体力)成熟的Independent a.独立的，自主的

Tragedy n.惨事，灾变；悲剧

Involve vt.使陷入，使卷入；牵扯，连累Coma n.昏迷

Musical a.音乐的

Genius n.天才，创造能力；天才人物Conquer vt.征服；克服(困难等) Performance n.表演，演奏，演出

Reevaluate vt.重新评价

Goal n.(足球等的)球门；得分进球；目的；目标Hunger n.饥饿

Creative vt.创造；创作；创建

Urge vt.力劝；恳求；敦促

Racial a.种族的，由种族引起的

Harmony n.和睦，融洽，一致

Apartheid n.(南非的)种族隔离

Fame n.名声，名望

Activity n.活动；行动

break into 突然(哭、唱、笑)起来

bring up 抚养；养育

as far as 就…；尽…；至于

get tired of 厌倦，厌烦

wear out 把…用坏；把…穿破

with ease 容易地，无困难地

grow into 成长为

congratulate oneself on 因…而暗自庆幸congratulate oneself that 因…而暗自庆幸

with ease 容易地，无困难地

grow into 成长为

Text B

Psychologist n.心理学家

self-image n.自我意象

Define vt.规定；限定；给…下定义；解释Impression n.印象，感想

Growth n.成长；生长

Concept n.观念；概念

Potential a.潜在的，可能的n.潜力，潜能Image n.(头脑中的)形象；概念Negative a.否定的

Case n.实例，情况；病症，病例Presently ad.现在，目前

React v.反应，起反应

Suggestion n.建议，意见

Replace vt. 代替，取代

Instance n.例子，实例

Subject n.(实验等的)对象

Dart n.猛冲，飞奔

bull's-eye n.靶心

Target n.靶；目标

Chess n.棋

Accurately ad.准确地；精确地Salesmanship n.推销(术)；游说(术) Improvement n.改进，增进

Unrealistic a.不现实的

Inferior a.较劣的，差的，次的Justice n.正义，公正

Movie n.电影

test-taking n.参加测试，应试

Backhand a.(网球等运动中)反手的

Stroke n.敲；打，击；(网球等的)击球Interview vi.面试，面谈；接见；采访Vivid a.生动的；栩栩如生的；鲜艳的Detail n.细节；详情

self-concept n.自我概念

Error n.错误；差错

Humiliation n.屈辱，丢脸

Dwell （on,upon）vi.老是想着；详细讲述

Guilty a.内疚的；(of)有罪的Embarrass vt.使窘迫；使为难

Realistic a.现实的；实际可行的Expectation n.期待，期望Dissatisfaction n.不满

Perfection n.完美；完善

Disappoint vt.使失望

Doom vt.注定，命定

build up 逐步建立

chances are (that) 很可能...

be based on 以…为依据，基于

for instance 例如

in line with 与…一致；符合

do justice to oneself 充分发挥自己的能力

do oneself justice 充分发挥自己的能力

set aside 留出，拨出

improve on (upon) 改进

work on 从事于，致力于

wipe out 彻底摧毁，消灭

do harm 危害；损害

take over 取得主导地位，接收，接管，接办from the start 从一开始

Unit Four

Text A

Washwoman n.洗衣妇

Wrinkled a.有皱纹的

Wrinkle n.皱纹vt.使起皱纹

Jewish a.犹太人的

Sickly a.常病的

Possess vt.拥有，具有

Generation n.代，一代

for(e)bear n.[常用复数]祖先

Bundle n.捆，包，束

Laundry n.付洗衣物；已洗好的衣物；洗衣房，洗衣店Accumulate n.积累，积聚

Launder v.洗熨衣物

Pump n.泵，抽(水)机

Attic n.阁楼；顶楼

Clothesline n.晾衣绳

Endure vt.忍受(痛苦、困难等)，耐住

Bless vt.(with)使具有，使有权得到

Bear vt.承担(责任等)

Wedding n.婚礼

Bride n.新娘

Altar n.(教堂内的)圣坛，祭坛

Kitchen n.厨房，灶间

Teapot n.茶壶

Fingernail n.指甲

Stubbornness n.倔强；顽强

Stubborn a.顽固的，倔强的；顽强的，坚持的Stagger vi.摇晃着移动；蹒跚n.摇晃不稳的动作；蹒跚Catastrophe n.灾难，灾祸，大祸

Collapse vi.(健康等)垮掉；倒坍

Premonition n.预感

Mourn (for,over)vi.(尤指对某人的亡故)感到悲痛；哀悼Faithfully ad.忠实地；确切地；如实地

Faithful a.忠实的；忠诚的；如实的

Puff n.(空气、烟雾等的)一阵，一股

Totter vi.蹒跚；踉跄

Linen n.亚麻布或线；亚麻织品a.亚麻(布)的Utter v.说，讲；发出(声音)

half-choked a.半哽住的

Corpse n.死尸，尸体

Unload vt.卸(货)；从卸下货物vi.卸货Mumble vi.咕哝，含糊地说(话)

Sunken a.下陷的；凹陷的

Recover vi.(from)痊愈，复原；恢复

Somewhat ad.稍微，有点

Priest n.牧师，神父

Inform vt.(of,about)告诉，通知Contribute vt.捐(款)，贡献，提供(帮助)

Coffin n.棺材

Resume n.(中断后)重新开始，继续

Mutter vt.轻声含糊地说

Load n.一包(洗的衣物)；负载,负荷vt.装货(或人) Property n.财产；所有物

Fulfil,-fill vt.履行，完成

Undertake vt.承担

lean on 靠在…上，倚在…上

count out 逐一数出

be blessed with 有幸得到，具有

take place 发生；产生

a good / great deal of 大量

speak of 显示，表明

at (the) most 至多

hear of 获知…消息，听到…消息

stand / be on one's feet 站起；(病后)恢复健康

with the help of 在…的帮助下

God forbid! 上天不容!

Text B

Fencing n.筑栅栏的材料

Pickup n.小卡车，轻型货车

Credit n.赊欠；信用

Charity n.施舍；施舍物

Racism n.种族主义，种族歧视

Cash n.现金，现款

Register vt.记录，登记

Weathered a.饱经风霜的

Hardware n.[总称]五金器件，五金制品；硬件Counter n.柜台

Purchase n.所购物品vt.买，购买

Cynical a.(对人性或动机)怀疑的，不信世道向善的Daddy n.爸爸，爹爹

Neighborly n.像邻居一样的；友善的

Adult n.成年人a.成年人的

Earn vt.博得，赢得；赚得，掐得Immense a.巨大的，极大的

Decent a.正派的；得体的；体面的，过得去的Compromise n.妥协；妥协方案vt.损害vi.妥协，让步Stake n.利害关系；赌注Responsibility n.(for,to)责任，责任心

Propel vt.推进，推动；激励；驱策

Eventually ad.终于，最后

Motivation n.动机

public relations n.公共关系，公关

Restore vt.恢复

Neighbourhood n.四邻，街坊

Reverse a.背面的，反面的；相反的n.背面；反面

Coin n.硬币

Drug n.成瘾性致幻毒品，麻醉药；药Abuse vt.滥用；妄用

Alcohol n.含酒精的饮料，酒；酒精Pregnant a.怀孕的；怀胎的

Wedlock n.婚姻，已婚状态

Attribute vt.（to）把…归因于，把归咎于Unwed a.没有结婚的，未婚的

Commit vt.使承担义务，使作出保证

Influence n.影响；有影响的人(或物) vt.对..有作用Portray vt.描写，描述

Sustain vt.维持，使继续

Civilization n.文明，文明世界

Vanish vi.消失

Profanity n.(使用)亵渎语言(或行动) Reputation n.声誉，声望；名声；好名声

Legacy n.遗产，遗赠；先人(或过去)留下的东西Uphold vt.维护，维持；保持；拥护；确认Sibling n.同胞手足(指兄、弟、姐或妹)

Pave vt.铺(路)，铺砌

on one's mind 压在心头

be good for (人或其信用)有偿还…能力的

on credit 用赊欠的方法，凭信用

open a door to 导致；为…创造机会

keep one's word 遵守诺言

do wrong 犯罪；干坏事

have a stake in 与…有利害关系

out of habit 出于习惯

think of...as 把…看作

the reverse side of the coin 问题的另一面

out of wedlock 婚外

Attribute...to 把…归因于

be committed to 对…承担义务；承诺做…

think twice 再想一想，重新考虑

care about 对…关心；注意

pass on 传给(后代)

to this day 到现在，至今

know of 听说，了解

21世纪大学英语应用型综合教程修订版4课本练习答案

Unit 1 A. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary. internal ditch fabulous renovate plaster amateur blunder instinct 1. The police _blundered___ badly by arresting the wrong man. 2. The house was severely destroyed, so the couple spent thousands of dollars _renovating__it. 3. The pilot was forced to _ditch___ the jet plane in the Gulf because of the hijacking. 4. Unlike the Satellite, it has no __internal__ battery, though it will accept external batteriesmade for the iPad. 5. The basis for traing relies on the dog ' s natural __instinct__ to hunt. 6. The __plaster___ was beginning to fall from the walls. 7. During each war the monopoly capitalists amassed ___fabulous__ wealth. 8. At college he studied English and did _amateur___ boxing B. Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the form where necessary.down to call in beat up wind up trial and error at all costs Don' t _beat___ yousrelf up__ over something that you have no control over. They decided to _call in__ a doctor because the child was not any better. Ultimately, he said, the issue came ___down to __a dispute between the two countries.I always said he would _ wind up __ in jail. Growth is a process of __ trial and error ___ . You can learn as much from failure as youcan from success. Maybe more. The bridge must be repaired within three days __ at all costs __. 这座房子在地震中损毁

21世纪大学英语应用型综合教程一-1-5章课后题答案

21世纪大学英语应用型综合教程一-1-5章课后题答案

英语课后题复习资料 Unit 1. 一． flexibility duration option definitely actually ignore convince survive 1.Economic crises destroy the capitalist system,and they grow in size and duration. 2.Stability also depends upon the flexibility of the local economy. 3.He was sentenced to do hard labor without the option of a fine. 4.She states her views very definitely. 5.Did he actually say in so many words that there was no hope of a cure? 6.The baby felt ignored by her parents. 7.You need to convince the employers that you can do the job. https://www.sodocs.net/doc/894255230.html,panies will have to do more than this if they are to survive the earthquake.

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21世纪大学英语读写教程（第四册）Unit1课文原文 《Who Is Great?》 Michal Ryan As a young boy, Albert Einstein did so poorly in school that teachers thought he was slow. The young Napoleon Bonaparte was just one of hundreds of artillery lieutenants in the French Army. And the teenage George Washington, with little formal education, was being trained not as a soldier but as a land surveyor. Despite their unspectacular beginnings, each would go on to carve a place for himself in history. What was it that enabled them to become great? Were they born with something special? Or did their greatness have more to do with timing, devotion and, perhaps, an uncompromising personality? For decades, scientists have been asking such questions. And, in the past few years, they have found evidence to help explain why some people rise above, while others—similarly talented, perhaps—are left behind. Their findings could have implications for us all. Who is great? Defining who is great depends on how one measures success. But there are some criteria. "Someone who has made a lasting contribution to human civilization is great," said Dean Keith Simonton, a professor of psychology at the University of California at Davis and author of the 1994 book Greatness: Who Makes History and Why. But he added a word of caution: "Sometimes great people don't make it into the history books. A lot of women achieved great things or were influential but went unrecognized." In writing his book, Simonton combined historical knowledge about great figures with recent findings in genetics, psychiatry and the social sciences. The great figures he focused on include men and women who have won Nobel Prizes, led great nations or won wars, composed symphonies that have endured for centuries, or revolutionized science, philosophy, politics or the arts. Though he doesn't have a formula to define how or why certain people rise above (too many factors are involved), he has come up with a few common characteristics. A "never surrender" attitude. If great achievers share anything, said Simonton, it is an unrelenting drive to succeed. "There's a tendency to think that they are endowed with something super-normal," he explained. "But what comes out of the research is that there are great people who have no amazing intellectual processes. It's a difference in degree. Greatness is built upon tremendous amounts of study, practice and devotion." He cited Winston Churchill, Britain's prime minister during World War II, as an example of a risk-taker who would never give up. Thrust into office when his country's morale was at its lowest, Churchill rose brilliantly to lead the British people. In a speech following the Allied evacuation at Dunkirk in 1940, he inspired the nation when he said, "We shall not flag or fail. We shall go on to the end...We shall never surrender."

21世纪大学英语应用型综合教程二

1.In the six-and-one half years sincet the federal government beagan certifying food as “organic,”Americans have taken to the idea with considerable enthusiasm.自联邦政府六年半前认证“有机”食品以来，美国人以极大的热情接受了这一概念。 2.To eat well, says Michael Pollanthe,the author of"In Defense of Food,"means avoiding "edible food_like substances"and sticking to real ingredients,increasingly from theplant Kingdom. “吃得好”，《食物无罪》的作者迈克尔波轮说，“意味着避免摄入‘可食用的类似的物质’，并坚持从蔬菜中获取真正营养成分的原则。 3.Neither the enabling legislation nor the regulations address food safety or nutrition. 不论有机食品的立法或是法规都未涉及食品安全或是营养问题. 4.Professor Howard that major corporations now are responsible for at least 25 perceent of all organic manufacturing and marketing. 霍华德教授估计，大公司现在承担了至少25%的有机食品生产和销售。 5.Popularizing such choices may not be as marketable as creating a logo that says"organic" . 推广这样的做法可能不会像设计一个“有机”的标志那么有市场. 1. The two former elephant trainers had seen enough abuse and neglect at circuses and zoos to inspire them to create a sanctuary where elephants could live out their lives. 这两位前驯象员在马戏团和动物园见过太多大象所遭受的虐待和忽视，于是决心为大象建立一座可以颐养天年的憩息所. 2. Soon Hohenwald was rockingas the two greeted each other with ttrumpeting and celebratory bumping.不一会儿，霍恩沃尔德因他们相遇时互致问候的吼声和庆祝性的碰撞而震动起来 3. Shirley and Jenny instantly fell into their old routine,wandering the sanctuary side by side.雪莉和詹妮很快恢复了她们的老习惯：肩并肩地在保护区内闲逛. 4. At one point, the four spent therr hours trumpeting----the vibrations felt by evey living being in the sanctuary.有一次，四头大象持续三小时的鸣吼使保护区内的每个生命都为之震颤。 5. Elephants wear their hearts on their trunks ,as it were,so it was easy to tell that Shirley was not dealing well with Jenny is death----her eyes were half shut and her trunk dragged on the ground. 可以说大象不会隐藏他们的心情，因此和容易看出雪莉无法承受詹妮之死所带来的打击——他的眼睛半闭着，鼻子拖在地上。 1. Sport has the power to change the world,the power to inspire,the power to unite people in away that little else can.体育运动员具有改变世界的力量，其激励人心，团结众人地力量，在某种程度上难有匹敌。 2.During his 27 years in captivity ,mainly on Robben Island,sport helped sustain the spirits of Mandela and his fellow inmates.在他27年的铁窗生活中（主要关押在罗本岛），体育运动支撑着他和难友们的精神。 3.Cities make huge efforts when bidding to stage major sporting events,not just for their commercial worth but for the long---term social benefits