搜档网
当前位置:搜档网 › 新标准大学英语综合教程4_unit7

新标准大学英语综合教程4_unit7

新标准大学英语综合教程4_unit7
新标准大学英语综合教程4_unit7

Unit7

Active reading (1)

Reading and understanding

3 Choose the best summary of the passage.

2 The passage is the story of a home, the people who lived there and how life has changed over the years,

as narrated by the house itself.

4 Choose the best answer to the questions.

1 Why does the narrator never see his neighbour face on?

(a) Because he can’t really see.

(b) Because the neighbour is a long way away.

(c) Because the narrator and the neighbour are joined in a line.

(d) Because the morning sun shines on the narrator instead of the neighbour.

2 What was the main effect of the arrival of the young woman in the groundsman’s home?

(a) She brought companionship, a family and happiness into the home.

(b) The children grew older and taller in the home.

(c) The groundsman didn’t have to work so much in the manor house gardens.

(d) The home became very noisy.

3 Why do you think the couple was holding each other and weeping?

(a) Because the couple was growing older.

(b) Because the children had grown up and disappeared.

(c) Because the daughter had got married.

(d) Because the postman had brought bad news about the son.

4 How does the narrator feel generally about the years passing?

(a) He regrets the people, the new buildings and the traffic.

(b) He thinks the neighbouring houses are ugly.

(c) He is nostalgic about the past, although he enjoys some of the benefits of progress.

(d) He wishes people would spend more time at home.

5 How do we know the narrator is getting old?

(a) No one is looking after the narrator properly.

(b) The narrator has lots of golden memories.

(c) There are strange sounds and signs of people who have lived there in the past.

(d) The neighbourhood isn’t what it used to be.

6 What do you think is going to happen to the house?

(a) Another family will come and live there.

(b) The traffic around it will get worse.

(c) It’s going to be pulled down.

(d) The workmen are going to use it as a workplace.

Dealing with unfamiliar words

5 Match the words in the box with their definitions.

1 a small house built on land belonging to a large house (lodge)

2 to provide furniture (furnish)

3 feeling rough and hard (coarse)

4 to put a piece of equipment somewhere and make it ready for use (install)

5 to build something by putting parts together (assemble)

6 a group of workers who do physical work (gang)

7 a machine or piece of equipment that does a particular thing (device)

8 a machine or a piece of equipment you have in your home (appliance) 6 Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in Activity 5.

When the (1) gang of workmen arrived, the (2) lodge was in a poor state of repair. They began by

(3) installing electricity and then (4) assembled the various pieces of

a modern kitchen with all the best

(5) appliances such as a washing machine and refrigerator. The walls were rather (6) coarse after years of

neglect, so they used a(n) (7) device to make them smooth again. Finally, they (8) furnished it with tables,

chairs, sofas and beds, until the house was as comfortable as it used to be.

7 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box.

1 The two buildings looked exactly the same from the outside, but were very different inside. (identical)

2 When spring arrives the garden is full of flowers on the trees. (blossoms)

3 The postman used to bring the mail in a large group of things tied together, but these days, we only get

the occasional letter. (bundle)

4 She felt suddenly unconscious for a short time when she heard the dreadful news. (fainted)

5 At the place where two or more roads meet, there are often queues of traffic. (crossroad)

6 I sometimes feel unhappy and angry at the noise and traffic, but most of the time I ignore them. (resent)

7 When you leave apples on the ground, they are gradually destroyed by

a natural proces s, and can’t be

collected and stored. (decay)

8 Answer the questions about the words and expressions.

1 Is a clearing likely to be (a) an area of woodland, or (b) an area in

a wood where there are no trees?

2 If something gleams, is it likely to be (a) bright, or (b) dull light?

3 Is a riot of colours likely to be (a) just one or two, or (b) lots of different colours?

4 If a child gurgles happily, is this likely to be (a) a low, or (b) a high-pitched sound?

5 Is a metallic sound likely to be made by (a) something metal, or (b) wooden?

6 If a dog howls, does it make (a) a long, loud sound, or (b) a weak, high sound?

7 Is a creak likely to be a sound made by (a) something new, or (b) something old?

8 If a gate has fallen off its hinges, is it likely to (a) open and shut normally, or (b) stay open?

Reading and interpreting

9 Look at the sentences from the passage and answer the questions.

1 ... I do know that strangely, although we’re identical, we’re the exact opposite of each other ...

Why are the house and its neighbour identical yet the exact opposite of each other?

… sort of works for some of the information- though I have never seen such an arrangement. But the

preposition ‘over’ will not work, and surely there are two bedrooms –or what is the other room? We

know it is not a bathroom- and if there are two bedrooms, how can you say the room arrangement is the

opposite as in both cases there are two bedrooms?

2 Soon there were children to look after too ...

In what way does the house look after the children?

The house provides shelter and keeps them warm and dry.

3 I thought they looked rather coarse against my handsome stone. Does the house like the new brick houses being built? Why / Why not? No, he does not think brick is as fine a material as stone. The word coarse is negative in connotation.

4 But we were all warm and clean, and although it was different, it wasn’t unpleasant.

What does the house feel about progress?

Fairly positive although a little nervous.

5 My floorboards creak, and ghosts make strange noises throughout the night.

If the house were a human, what would creaking floorboards and ghosts suggest?

Old age with stiff muscles and many memories.

6 Round the bend comes a large crane with a kind of ball and chain. I do hope it will go away.

What do you think the crane is coming to do? Do you think it will go away? Balls are used to smash down walls so it sounds as if the building will be demolished rather than

repaired. If so, the crane will not go away.

Active reading (2)

Reading and understanding

3 Answer the questions.

1 Why does the writer suggest that the first photos of Earth from space came as a shock?

They offered a new perspective. They allowed us to see our planet from the outside.

2 What does the passage suggest are the advantages of progress? People have more comfortable and longer lives.

3 What are the disadvantages of progress?

Population growth and as a result overuse of resources, pollution etc.

4 In what ways are we similar to other people around the world?

We consume similar products and services.

5 In what ways are we different?

We value our individualism and points of difference from others as reflected in the details of our homes.

6 What does our home encourage us to do?

Relax, be ourselves and look inward.

7 Why is watching television ironic?

It results in looking outwards at affairs beyond the home.

8 How have the roles of women changed?

They can follow careers outside the home and have much less time to be housewives.

9 Why will it require wisdom and care to ensure people remain safe and satisfied in their homes?

The modern world is pushing us towards uniformity and reducing freedom of choice. It will be difficult

to balance this against what people want from their homes and lives. Changes to the family itself may

also happen with unknown consequences.

10 Why might planet Earth become unrecognizable?

Homes with families and comfort may have disappeared.

Dealing with unfamiliar words

4 Match the words in the box with their definitions.

1 to develop and make more modern (industrialize)

2 to suffer something difficult or unpleasant patiently over a long period of time (endure)

3 smooth-moving and attractive-looking (graceful)

4 a strong feeling of dislike (hatred)

5 to stop happening or continuing (cease)

6 to take control of (conquer)

7 intended, not done by chance or by accident (deliberate)

5 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in Activity

4.

1 Many animals, like the antelope and the swan, move with such grace that we humans can only admire

them.

2 In the 17th century, the Founding Fathers escaped from England because their religion was hated by the

English, but their endurance allowed them to escape to North America and create the US.

3 Industrialized nations have more social and fewer economic problems than developing countries.

4 The US government deliberately chose the name the “Department of Homeland Security” in order to

stress the importance of home.

5 The conquest of space is one of the greatest achievements of the 20th century.

6 There is an enduring nee d to remind ourselves that the Earth’s resources are finite.

6 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box.

In comparison with small buildings, local communities, towns and cities, the Earth is (1) extremely

large, but we call all of these our home, where we enjoy our (2) basic human right of clean water, adequate

food and personal security. Yet this right creates (3) extreme pressure on the Earth’s resources, and we

may feel that the human spirit contains an unusual self-destructive (4) characteristic. It’s as if we humans

work at the (5) main offices of planet Earth, building it and making it stronger and stronger, but with the

ability to bring it down and destroy it. (6) In the end, it’s our personal duty to leave the Earth as (7) whole

and undamaged as we found it when we arrived.

Key: (1) immense (2) birthright (3) incredible (4) streak (5) headquarters

(6) Ultimately (7) intact

7 Answer the questions about the words and expressions.

1 If buffalos roam, do they move (a) in a deliberate way, or (b) in no particular direction or without any

purpose?

2 Is an emotive word likely to be one which causes (a) strong, or (b) weak feelings?

3 If you hunker down, are you likely to (a) go out and look for trouble, or (b) look for a safe place to

shelter?

4 Is domain likely to be (a) an obligation of a particular person or a

group, or (b) an area of activity

traditionally associated with them?

5 Is a place that is habitable somewhere you can (a) live, or (b) travel to?

6 If something is immoral, is it likely to be (a) right, or (b) wrong?

7 If something takes an inordinate amount of time, does it take (a) a lot of time, or (b) little time?

Language in use

Inversion

1 Rewrite the sentences using inversion.

1 The sound of children playing came from around the house.

From around the house came the sound of children playing..

2 More houses stood on top of the hill.

On top of the hill stood more houses

3 Horseless carriages passed in front of the house.

In front of the house passed horseless carriages.

4 Two middle-aged women lived here.

Here lived two middle-aged women.

5 A lorry stops at the front of the house.

At the front of the house stops a lorry.

6 A large crane comes round the bend.

Round the bend comes a large crane.

Granted, …

2 Rewrite the sentences using Granted , …

1 I admit that we recognized Earth from maps and drawings, but it was the first time we had seen photos

of it.

Granted, we recognized Earth from maps and drawings, but it was the first time we had seen photos

of it.

2 I admit it was familiar, but it was still unusual.

Granted, it was familiar, but it was still unusual.

3 I admit we could raise standards of living, but we also know that the growth of population is out of

control.

Granted, we could raise standards of living, but we also know that the growth of population is out of

control.

4 I admit we have learnt to like the same things, but we also recognize our individual natures.

Granted, we have learnt to like the same things, but we also recognize our individual natures.

5 I admit that women’s roles have changed, but men’s roles have not. Granted, women’s roles have changed, but men’s roles have not.

binomials

3 Complete the sentences with suitable binomials from the box.

1 There are lots of good things to eat. You can pick and choose.

2 His secretary looked very prim and proper and the whole meeting was very formal.

3 When I write a story, I write the ending first, and then work backwards.

I write back to front.

4 When I go on holiday, I don’t want to do much. I just need some peace and quiet.

5 Don’t worry, we’ll find your wallet sooner or later.

6 This is the best I can do for this activity. Take it or leave it. Additional activity

Match the binomials with their meaning.

1 d

2 f

3 j

4 g

5 a

6 b

7 i

8 c

9 h 10 e

collocations

4 Complete the sentences with suitable expressions from the collocation box. Sometimes more than one

collocation is possible.

1 The results led him to abandon his belief that the climate was not changing.

2 The international community is a vague term used to refer to all the governments of the world.

3 She is achieving great success / popularity as a designer of stylish home furnishings.

4 The government is facing immense pressure to provide cheap housing for the growing population.

5 The minister has set up a working party to look into the problem of homelessness.

6 If you have a spare room, you could take in a student and make a little extra money.

5 Translate the paragraphs into Chinese.

In so many ways, we now share our home – and our homes – with so many others. From Australia to

Zambia, we wear baseball caps and watch Hollywood movies. Markets in Morocco sell radios made in

Singapore, and we all watch television and enjoy the same type of programmes. Are people obliged to do

this, or do they simply want to?

Yet at heart, while we have learnt –or have been taught? –to like and aspire towards the same things, we

recognize a streak of individualism in ourselves, a consciousness of difference, of our own uniqueness.

And when life on Earth gets overwhelming, people retreat into themselves, into their homes.

The word home is an emotive one. It’s a deliberate choice to call the organization to protect the US from

terrorism the Department of Homeland Security. Home doesn’t mean just bricks and mortar, translated into

house or housing in so many languages. Home is where we hunker down, take off our shoes and switch off

from the outside world. It’s an inward-looking place, where we should feel safe. Our homes also show our

individual sides, through the pictures on the wall, the favourite chair, the souvenirs from visits beyond our

homes, our expression of choice, which remain unchanging day to day, symbols of a moment’s pause in an

ever-changing world.

我们在许多方面和许多人共享我们各自的家——我们的家,从澳大利亚到赞比亚,人们都戴棒球帽,

看好莱坞电影。在摩洛哥的市场上可以买到新加坡产的收音机。我们都看电视,喜欢看同一类节目。

人们是必须这样做,还是就喜欢这样做呢?

虽然我们已经学会了(或被教会了)喜欢或追求同样的东西,但在内心深处,我们都意识到我们身上

有一种个人主义的特质,意识到自己与众不同,意识到自己的独特性。当世上的生活变得令人无法承

受的时候,人们就退隐到自己的内心世界里,退隐到他们的家中。

“家”这个词充满了强烈的感情色彩。保护美国人不受恐怖攻击的那个部门名叫“国土安全部”, 这

种称谓是经过仔细推敲的。“家”在很多语言中都被译成“房子”或“住宅”,但它不仅仅意味着砖

头和灰浆。家是我们可以放松休息的地方,在家里我们脱下鞋子,忘掉外面那个纷扰的世界。家是一

个让我们转向内心的地方,到了家我们就感到安全。通过挂在墙上的照片、我们最喜欢的椅子、外出

旅游时带回来的纪念品,家显示出我们个性的方面,我们的取舍。这些东西每天一成不变地放在那

里,象征着这个变幻不定的世界中片刻的停顿。

6 Translate the paragraphs into English.

在毕业典礼上,一家知名IT公司的经验丰富的 CTO 托马斯·克拉克给140名渴望在IT行业干出一番事

业的计算机科学专业的学生提出了一些重要建议。在他看来,信息技术不仅仅是组装机器和装置。在

这个领域,创新起着关键的作用。所以 IT 工作者自然要承受巨大的压力,因为他们每天都要想出一些

新点子。

但是克拉克也指出,IT 行业的最终目标是利润。如果你想在这个领域获得成功,你应该牢记创新并

不等同于个人主义。值得注意的是,很多有天赋的年轻人由于狂妄自大,交流能力差,没能发挥他

们的潜力,因此没有取得成功。克拉克强调说,你必须学会和不同部门的人合作,这样你才能创造

出能被市场接受的产品,你的才华才能绽放。(aspire to; assemble; domain; on a daily basis; ultimate;

synonymous with; blossom)

In the graduation ceremony, Thomas Clark, a veteran CTO of a renowned IT company, offers some

important advice to 140 computer science majors who aspire to pursue a successful career in IT. In his

opinion, information technology is not just about assembling machines and devices; it is a domain where

innovation plays the key role. So naturally IT workers have to endure high pressure in their work as they

need to come up with new ideas on a daily basis.

But Clark also points out that the ultimate goal of IT business is profit. If you want to succeed in this

business, you need to keep in mind that innovation is not synonymous with individualism. It is noticeable

how many gifted young men have failed to achieve success because of their arrogance and poor

communication skill. Clark emphasizes that you have to learn to cooperate with people from different

departments and only thus can your talent blossom out by creating products that will be accepted by the

market.

Translation of the passages

Active reading (1)

美好的回忆

虽然这个房子已经换了许多户人家了,但直到现在我还记得那些筑墙、盖屋顶的工人。当时马路

对过那座庄园大宅的主人需要建一个小屋给他的园丁住。他在这片连绵不断的巨大的丘陵果园中找到

了一片空地,他派工人到本地的采石场运来金黄色的石头,工人花了三个月时间在园子里建起了这两

座农家小屋。

我只从侧面看到过我的旁边的那座房子,我从来没有见过它的正面。但是我知道,尽管我们在

结构和外观上是一摸一样的,我们的朝向正好相反,这真是不可思议。我的前门朝东,隔壁房子的前

门是朝西的。我的卧室在房子的后部,在隔壁那所房子里,这个位置正好是厨房的上面。我的厨房在

房子的前部,在隔壁的那个房子里,这个位置是在卧室的下方。我觉得我比它幸

运,因为每天早上,

我这边的石头会在阳光的照耀下熠熠发光。

园丁精心地照料庄园周围的果园和花园,所以到了秋天,树上总是果实累累,结满了苹果和梨。

当白天越来越短的时候,这四周的土地上是一片忙碌的景象,帮工们采摘水果,把摘下的水果送到庄

园去或是沿着那条路运到镇上的市场去卖。

除了秋天,其他时候这里非常安静。园丁的生活好像很孤独,后来有一天,他带了一个年轻女子

回家。我这个房子里顿时充满了欢声笑语和饭菜的香味。园丁外出干活的时候,他的妻子会照看我周

围的花园,种玫瑰、水仙和郁金香,还有夏季植物和菊花。从早春的鲜花到深秋的深深的金黄色叶子,

花园里真是五彩缤纷。能照看这样一对夫妇,我感觉很幸福。

没过多久,又有孩子要照看了。头一个孩子是女孩,她常常高兴得咯咯笑,睡得也很沉。后来又

添了一个男孩,他哭起来嗓门很大,让我们大家都不得安宁。但是他们都很快乐,也很听话。他们会

静静地在屋里或花园里一起玩耍。渐渐地,他们长大了,也长高了。最让我感到愉快的一个记忆是:

在一个温暖的夏日,我看到男孩高高地坐在苹果树的枝干上,读着他最喜爱的那本书。

我的窗户是我的眼睛,它们对着绿树和田野。窗外的风景被低矮的丘陵围绕着,仿佛一切都栖息

在它温暖的怀抱里。远处是尖塔林立的城市,平日里静悄悄的,只有在特定的日子里,才会响起钟声。

在这些日子里,园丁和他的家人会穿上漂亮的衣服外出,几个小时之后才回来。孩子们渐渐长大了。先是女儿不见了,回来的时候胳膊上竟挽着一个年轻人。儿子也离开了家。

有一天,我看到邮递员拿着一摞信来到门口,递给园丁和他的妻子一封电报。他们读完电报,妻子大

叫一声,晕倒在地。在这之后的一段日子里,他们常常坐在我的门廊下相拥而泣。过了一年又一年,园丁夫妇的年纪越来越大了,突然有一天这房子人去楼空。我们是从小一起长

大的,可是我连跟他们说再见的机会都没有。

一户新的人家住了进来,是一个聪明的男人和他的妻子,还有两个孩子。他一大早就拎着公文

包出去上班,晚上才回来。孩子们白天上学,他们经常带朋友回家到花园里玩、爬树、踢足球。差不

多就在这个时候,我窗外的景色开始发生变化了,这儿不再只有我和我旁边的房子了,对面有人在盖

新房子。它们是用砖砌的,比我们高、比我们窄。我觉得和我的漂亮石头相比它们看起来比较粗糙。

越来越多的人来这附近居住,街道上人们熙来攘往,似乎没有人会在家里呆上太

长的时间。

年复一年,又有新的家庭住进来。两个中年妇女在我这儿住了几年,我很喜欢她们,因为她们精

心照料我的房间和花园。处处干净整洁,她们把房间布置得如同我当初刚建成的时候的样子。她们还__装了电——我以前不知道电灯有这么亮,也没意识到我的房间以前是多么的幽暗。后来,她们觉得外

面的洗手间不能满足她们的需要了,我就只好放弃一个卧室,这样她们就可以在室内装一个浴缸和马

桶。前门边的那个老井也被改造了,改造后水就可以通过地下管道直接流进房内。慢慢地她们安装了

各种各样的电器,比如炉具和洗衣机。我们都很干净、暖和。虽然房子和以前不太一样了,但是总体

感觉还是不错的。

不久,周围建起了更多的房子,越来越多的人住了进来。送牛奶的驾着马车来送奶,收破烂的坐

在车上喊话,问我们有没有不要的旧衣服和金属废品,对这些我已经习以为常了。不过后来,一种不

需要马拉的车开始从门前开过。一开始差不多是每隔一个小时,能听到一阵金属声从门前响过。但

是过了几年,马路上变得越来越热闹,很快就有了好几条公交线路,很多小汽车在十字路口排队等绿灯。

在家里,我又开始照看另一个家庭。这家的男主人和女主人早上分别在不同的时间离开我,步行

下山或去等公共汽车。他们的孩子放学回来之后,自己用钥匙开门进屋,然后看上几个小时的电视,

直到他们的父母回来。他们养了一只宠物狗,它整天坐在外面,时不时地狂吠、嚎叫,还在我的花园

里刨坑挖土,说实话,我很讨厌它这么干。

我喜欢住在我这儿的最后一个人。约瑟夫在家里干活,他的工作是组装家具。所以我整天都能看

到他,我们互相做伴。他已经上了年纪,腿脚不太灵便,走路非常慢,要用双手扶着桌椅什么的才不

会摔倒,有时候还要停下来喘口气。

当然,我也不是以前那个样子了。我的地板开始嘎吱作响,整个晚上屋子里都在出怪声,好像闹

鬼一样。每一个在我这里住过的人都留下了痕迹:墙上的记号,刻在楼梯扶栏上的姓名的首字母,关

不紧的门。当然这些都是我美好的回忆,但是我看上去已经有点破败了,我自己也感觉到了。

约瑟夫已经有一阵子没在这儿住了,房子里静悄悄的。花园里到处是腐烂的苹果和枯叶。今年没

有人来摘苹果、清理树叶。前门已经从铰链上脱落了,有人在房子侧面的石墙上喷涂了几个字。我不

敢承认房子里面甚至积满了污垢,有的地方都长霉了。甚至附近的街区也已经和

以前完全不一样了,

一到晚上到处是嘈杂的音乐和喊叫声。说实话,街上喧闹的车流已经让人无法忍受了。

今天,外面突然出现一阵骚动。一辆卡车在房子前面停了下来,从车上下来一群工人,他们每人

都拿着口袋和其他设备。也许他们是来和我一起住的。但是从拐角传来一阵巨大的发动机的轰鸣声,

声音离我越来越近。实际上,这声音听起来挺吓人的。一个装了铁球和铁链一类东西的起重机从路的

拐弯处开了过来。我真希望这个东西不要靠近我。

Active reading (2)

家的遐想

噢,给我一个家,那里

野牛徜徉,

那里小鹿和羚羊

奔跳嬉戏;

那里听不到令人

丧气的话,

那里不是整天

阴云蔽日。

噢,给我一个家,那里

闪亮的金刚沙

在溪水里缓缓流淌;

那里优雅的白天鹅

在空中飞翔

如同梦幻仙女下凡。

家,牧场是我家

那里鹿和羚羊

奔跳嬉戏;

那里听不到令人

丧气的话,

那里不是整天

阴云蔽日。

——《牧场是我家》

《牧场是我家》是一首传统的牛仔歌曲。当时有很多歌曲表现了美国西部荒原的拓荒者在他们的

新家体验到的家庭生活的快乐和归属感,《牧场是我家》是其中最有名的歌曲之一。当20 世纪的拓荒

者——美国的宇航员——率先在40 年前从太空拍下这些让人惊叹的地球照片时,我们看到了一些我

们曾经在地图和图画上见过的东西。但是这是我们第一次看到我们这个巨大的行星的整体。对于大

多数人来说,这些照片令人震撼,这个蓝白相间的巨大星球在太空中旋转着,既熟悉又非同寻常。这

就是我们生活了千百万年的地方吗?这就是我们的家,人类的大本营吗?

可是这些照片里还是少了些东西。人们试图把家和地球变得舒适宜人,尽管从太空看地球,我们

感觉人类已经征服了地球,我们现在是这个星球的主宰,我们知道在地球上并非一切尽在我们的掌控

之中。一方面,我们可以为那么多人减少痛苦,提高人们的生活水准,让我们的寿命增加一倍。而另

一方面,地球的疆域是有限的。我们知道人口的增长已经失控,这给我们的资源造成了难以估量的压

力,降低我们的家居环境质量。不错,我们提高了生活水准,已经梦想成真,但是我们付出了怎样的

代价呢?

我们在许多方面和许多人共享我们各自的家园——我们大家的家园,从澳大利亚到赞比亚,人们

都戴棒球帽,看好莱坞电影。在摩洛哥的市场上可以买到新加坡产的收音机。我们都看电视,喜欢看

同一类节目。人们是必须这样做,还是就喜欢这样做呢?

虽然我们已经学会了(或被教会了)喜欢或追求同样的东西,但在内心深处,我们都意识到我们

身上有一种个人主义的特质,意识到自己与众不同,意识到自己的独特性。当世上的生活变得令人无

法承受的时候,人们就退隐到自己的内心世界里,退隐到他们的家中。

“家”这个词充满了强烈的感情色彩。保护美国人不受恐怖攻击的那个部门名叫“国土安全部”,

这种称谓是经过仔细推敲的。“家”在很多语言中都被译成“房子”或“住宅”,但它不仅仅意味着

砖头和灰浆。家是我们可以放松休息的地方,在家里我们脱下鞋子,忘掉外面那个纷扰的世界。家是

一个让我们转向内心的地方,到了家我们就感到安全。通过挂在墙上的照片、我们最喜欢的椅子、外

出旅游时带回来的纪念品,家显示出我们个性的方面,我们的取舍。这些东西每天一成不变地放在那

里,象征着这个变幻不定的世界中片刻的停顿。

在那些寒冷的国家,家是热源。火在壁炉里,而壁炉和家是同义词,而hearth and home( 壁炉和家)

这类词语的意思就是“家庭生活”。过去,客厅里所有的椅子都是朝向壁炉的,壁炉是大家注意力的中心。

具有讽刺意味的是,今天的客厅椅子都朝向电视,它是人们了解外部世界的窗户。许多年来,家一直是女性的领地。为家人创造一个温馨的家,相夫教子,让社会继续发展是她们

的责任。但是随着全球化市场的发展,女性的传统职责显然已经被席卷而去,她们现在可以有更多的

选择,这也是在行使她们与生俱来的权利。那么,我们所熟悉的家庭模式还能继续存在下去吗?传统

意义上的家庭要继续存在下去,就必须有个人——不管是男人还是女人——承担每天维护它的责任。

在过去三、四十年里,女性在这方面的角色已经发生了根本的变化。而我们必须承认男性的角色没有

发生多大变化,至少变化没有那么大。

但是我们的选择越多,我们所受到的限制也越多。过去,如果我们的家园不能提供让我们满意的

舒适和安全感,我们可以收拾家当,另外去找一个地方住。美国的开国之父们就是这么做的,他们在

英国忍受了多年的宗教仇恨,终于在17 世纪逃到了北美。我们现在依然把美国称为“勇敢者的家园,

自由者的国土”。但是今天,世界各地可以居住的地方都已经有人居住,如果你要搬到别的地方去住,

可选择的余地已经非常小了。在发达工业国家,空地已经所剩无几。那儿的房子都住着人,每一个家

庭和社区都有自己的希望和需求。如果我们认为他们的希望和需求能都能够得到满足,那是愚蠢的想

法。但是如果你要阻止人们去实现这些梦想、满足这些需求,那是非常不道德的。要让人们安居乐业,

就需要有大智慧,需要投入极大的心思。

那么再过30 或40 年,我们的家会变成什么样呢?在很多社会中,父母工作,祖父母照看孩子和家,

这样传统的大家庭会一直保持不变吗?会继续成为家庭的主流模式吗?西方的(更具体地说应该是盎

格鲁· 撒克逊式的)核心家庭会对世界其他地方的生活模式产生影响吗?如果会产生影响的话,是不

是意味着越来越多的孩子放学后回到空荡荡的家里?缺少来自父亲角色的影响,是不是意味着他们会

惹上更多的麻烦?是不是意味着更多的少女怀孕?家的概念在任何方面发生改变,都会对我们在家庭

以外的生活构成巨大的影响。

也许我们可以这么说,现在是我们重回太空拍摄地球的时候了。但是这次我们是要给我们的家

园拍一些照片,然后置身世外,重新审视我们的生活,思考一下我们是怎样生活的,跟谁一起生活,

我们从那里获得最大限度的温暖、舒适和爱。如果我们不这么做,终有一天,地球这颗行星将变得面

目全非。__

大学英语综合教程1课后习题答案

Unit 1 Part Ⅱ Reading Task Vocabulary Ⅰ1. 1)respectable 2)agony 3)put down 4)sequence 5)hold back 6)distribute 7)off and on 8)vivid 9)associate 10)finally 11)turn in 12)tackle 2. 1)has been assigned to the newspaper’s Paris office. 2)was so extraordinary that I didn’t know whether to believe him or not. 3)a clear image of how she would look in twenty years’time. 4)gave the command the soldiers opened fire. 5)buying bikes we’ll keep turning them out. 3. 1)reputation; rigid; to inspire 2)and tedious; What’s more; out of date ideas 3)compose; career; avoid showing; hardly hold back Ⅱviolating Ⅲ;in upon Comprehensive Exercises ⅠCloze back; tedious; scanned; recall; vivid; off and on; turn out/in; career ; surprise; pulled; blowing; dressed; scene; extraordinary; image; turn; excitement ⅡTranslation As it was a formal dinner party, I wore formal dress, as Mother told me to. 2)His girlfriend advised him to get out of /get rid of his bad habits of smoking before it took hold. 3)Anticipating that the demand for electricity will be high during the next few months, they have decided to increase its production. 4)It is said that Bill has been fired for continually violating the company’s safety rules. /Bill is said to have been fired for continually violating the company’s safety rules. 5)It is reported that the government has taken proper measures to avoid the possibility of a severe water shortage. /The local government is reported to have taken proper measures to avoid the possibility of a severe water shortage. 2.Susan lost her legs because of/in a car accident. For a time, she didn’t know how to face up to the fact she would never (be able to) walk again. One day, while scanning (through) some magazines, a true story caught her eye/she was attracted by a true story. It gave a vivid description of how a disabled girl became a writer. Greatly inspired, Susan began to feel that she, too, would finally be able to lead a useful life. Unit 2 Part ⅡReading Task Vocabulary Ⅰ1. 1)absolutely 2)available 3)every now and then 4)are urging/urged 5)destination 6)mostly 7)hangs out 8)right away 9)reunion 10)or something 11)estimate 12)going ahead 2. 1)in the examination was still on his mind. 2)was completely choked up by the sight of his team losing in the final minutes of the game. 3)was so lost in study that she forgot to have dinner. 4)has come up and I am afraid I won’t be able to accomplish the project on time. 5)of equipping the new hospital was estimated at﹩2 million. 3. 1)were postponed; the awful; is estimated 2)reference; not available; am kind of 3)not much of a teacher; skips; go ahead Ⅱ;on Ⅲor less of/sort of 4. kind of/sort of 5. more or less 6. or something Comprehensive Exercises ⅠCloze up; awful; practically; neighborhood; correspondence; available; destination; reunion; Mostly; postponing; absolutely ; savings; embarrassment; phone; interrupted; touch; envelope; signed; message; needed ⅡHalf an hour had gone by, but the last bus hadn’t come yet. We had to walk home. 2)Mary looks as if she is very worried about the Chinese exam because she hasn’t learned the texts by

新编大学英语综合教程1-unit4

Unit 4 Fresh Start In-Class Reading Fresh Start 新的开端 1当我父母开车离去,留下我可怜巴巴地站在停车场上时,我开始寻思我在校园里该做什么。我决定我最想做的就是平安无事地回到宿舍。我感到似乎校园里的每个人都在看着我。我打定主意:竖起耳朵,闭上嘴巴,但愿别人不知道我是新生。 2第二天早上我找到了上第一堂课的教室,大步走了进去。然而,进了教室,我又碰到了一个难题。坐哪儿呢?犹豫再三,我挑了第一排边上的一个座位。3“欢迎你们来听生物101 课,”教授开始上课。天哪,我还以为这里是文学课呢!我的脖子后面直冒冷汗,摸出课程表核对了一下教室——我走对了教室,却走错了教学楼。 4怎么办?上课途中就站起来走出去?教授会不会生气?大家肯定会盯着我看。算了吧。我还是稳坐在座位上,尽量使自己看起来和生物专业的学生一样认真。 5下了课我觉得有点饿,便赶忙去自助食堂。我往托盘里放了些三明治就朝座位走去,就在这时,我无意中踩到了一大滩番茄酱。手中的托盘倾斜了,我失去了平衡。就在我屁股着地的刹那间,我看见自己整个人生在眼前一闪而过,然后终止在大学上课的第一天。 6摔倒后的几秒钟里,我想要是没有人看见我刚才的窘相该有多好啊。但是,食堂里所有的学生都站了起来,鼓掌欢呼,我知道他们不仅看见了刚才的情景,而且下决心要我永远都不会忘掉这一幕。 7接下来的三天里,我独自品尝羞辱,用以果腹的也只是些从宿舍外的售货机上买来的垃圾食品。到了第四天,我感到自己极需补充一些真正意义上的食物。也许三天时间已经足以让校园里的人把我忘在脑后了。于是我去了食堂。 8我好不容易排队取了食物,踮脚走到一张桌子前坐下。突然我听到一阵熟悉的“哗啦”跌倒声。抬头看见一个可怜的家伙遭遇了和我一样的命运。当人们开始像对待我那样鼓掌欢呼的时候,我对他满怀同情。他站起身,咧嘴大笑,双手紧握高举在头顶上,做出胜利的姿势。我料想他会像我一样溜出食堂,可他却转身重新盛一盘食物。就在那一刻,我意识到我把自己看得太重了。

大学英语综合教程答案

3.Many products for sale seem to scream at us, "Buy me! Buy me!" Advertising is a big busin ess in our world with many products competing for our attention. Think of the last time you boug ht clothes. You probably noticed the variety of colors, patterns, fabrics and brands you could choo se from. Which kind of soft drink would you like to have today or what kind of computer do you want? Advertisers are skilled in the art of making their products look the best to appeal to our se nses. But products aren't always what they seem. Sometimes advertising is deceptive and as cons umers ,we must be careful about what we choose to buy. It is important to learn to compare prod ucts and identify our purpose in purchasing the things we need. But the good thing about advertising is that it helps people to make decisions and refine thei r choices. In the United States, the Ad Council creates timely public service messages to the nation. Th eir purpose is to raise awareness of public problems that citizens can respond to. Inspiring ads ca use individuals to take action and even save lives. Pollution in America, for example has been red uced over the years because of the creative Public Service advertisements that the council provid es" Please, please don't be a litter bug, 'cause every 'litter bit' hurts." Many families have taught t heir children to place litter in the trash can in response to this catchy phrase, which has affected g enerations as each succeeding generation has taught their children not to litter. 4.Nature imposes difficult conditions upon the earth from time to time . The tornado and fo rest fire destroy natural resources ,homes and other structures ,and very often harm or kill peopl e . Technological tragedies happen with little or no warning as we see trains crash and airplanes f all from the sky shortly after take-off. As tragic as calamities are , they seem to bring out the best in human nature . people trained in em ergency care arrive at the scene and begin assisting the inj ured .Others come with equipment to remove debris. Men , women ,and young people willingly c ome to the scene of an accident , hoping to be of help in some way . These selfless acts of kindne ss make our world a better place . compassion eases the wounds of calamities. American Airlines flight number 587 crashed less than three minutes after taking off from JF K Airport in New York in November,2001. Witnesses s aw an engine fire develop on the plane’s nu mber one engine located under the left wing of the aircraft .seconds later ,the airliner crashed int o eight homes ,completely destroying four of them .All 260 people aboard the airplane were kille d along with six people at the crash site ,leaving many people to mourn the loss of their loved on es .the residents (people who live in the area of the crash ) rallied together to comfort those griev ing, while others removed bodies from the wreckage and did the necessary clean-up. 工程实施困难的条件下在地上的时候。龙卷风和森林火灾破坏自然资源,房屋和其他建筑物,和经常伤害或杀死人。技术的悲剧发生在很少或没有预警,因为我们看到火车事故,飞机起飞后不久就从天空坠落。一样悲惨的灾难,他们似乎显示出人性中最好的。在急诊受训的人到达现场并开始帮助受伤的人则跟设备清除残骸。男人,女人,和年轻人自愿来到事故现场,希望能有帮助。这些无私的善举让我们的世界变得更美好。同情减轻灾害的伤口。 美国航空公司587号航班坠毁不到三分钟后从纽约肯尼迪机场起飞,11月2001。目击者看到一个引擎火灾发展在飞机上的1号引擎位于下飞机的左翼,接着后,客机坠毁八家,完全摧毁了四个260名乘客的飞机遇难连同6人在事故现场,造成许多人悼念失去的亲人,居民(住在崩溃的面积)聚集在一起,安慰那些悲伤,而另一些人则从残骸,并把尸体移走必要的清理。 5.Success can be reached in different ways by people in different careers. Bill Gates began at age to program computers,His vision for personal computing has been central to the success of M icrosoft Corporation, the company he founded with his childhood friend in 1975 . The former CEO of General Electric, Jack Welch, is a business legend. A famous quote by Mr. Welch is,” Chang before you have to. ”He believes in leading by example and encourages his empl oyees to do their best every day. Michael Jordan s aid,”I accept failure, but I can’t accept not trying.” He is one of the best athl etes to ever play team sports. His great smile, athletic achievements, and pleasant personality ha ve made him one of the most famous athletes in the world. Michael Jordan spent a lot of time pla ying basketball as a child but in senior middle school he was taken off the team . Instead of giving up , he worked through adversity and became the greatest basketball player yet .

新编大学英语综合教程3第三版unit9music

1. Complete each of the following sentences with an appropriate form of the word in brackets. 1. (attention) Correct answer inattention 2. (qualify) Correct answer qualified Correct answer Navigation 4. Correct answer participants 5. Correct answer unconscious 6. Correct answer competence 7. Correct answer inequalities 8. morning. (request) Correct answer

requested 9. Correct answer varied 10. Correct answer partners 2. Fill in each of the blanks with an appropriate preposition or adverb. 11. Correct answer in 12. Correct answer of 13. Correct answer to 14. accident. Correct answer at 15. Correct answer beyond 16.

Your answer Correct answer from from 17. Your answer Correct answer to to 18. Your answer Correct answer on on 19. Your answer Correct answer in in Your answer Correct answer On On 3. Complete each of the following sentences by choosing the best answer from the choices given. 21. The buses, ___________ were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd. A. most of which B. both of which C. few of them D. those of which 22. There's only one man ____________ the job. A. qualified for

大学英语综合教程答案

Key to Exercises Opener Mary is thinking of getting a tattoo tomorrow afternoon. She asks Mel to join her, but Mel cannot because she has to work tomorrow. And then Mary invites Mel to go to a party tomorrow night. Mel hesitates at first, but finally decides to go with Mary. They will meet at eight o’clock. Abbreviation Meaning 1. TGIF Thank God it’s Friday 2. AMA Ask me anything 3. OMG Oh my God! 4. YOLO You only live once 5. FOMO Fear of missing out 6. FYI For your information 7. LOL Laugh out loud 8. TBH To be honest 9. PPL People 10. ETA Estimated time of arrival Transcript: A: Hey, Mary. B: Hey, Mel. A: TGIF.

B: TGIF. A: Mel, I need some advice on something. B: AMA A: Yeah, thanks. I’m thinking of getting a tattoo. B: OMG! Really Are you serious A: Well, YOLO. B: That’s true. A: Well. B: When are you going to do it A: I’m thinking tomorrow afternoon. Do you want to come B: Oh, I’d love to come, but I’ve got to work tomorrow. Oh, major FOMO. A: What a shame! B: Yeah, A: Well, FYI, there’s a party tomorrow night. And if you are not busy, you can come to that instead. B: I’m not busy, but TBH I really need to take it easy this weekend. A: What That’s so not like you. B: LOL, that’s true. A: Party is in Hackney Wick. It’s gonna be good, good music, good PPL. B: Oh, major FOMO again. Oh, what the hell Yes, why not I’ll go.

新编大学英语综合教程1-unit1

Unit 1 Personal Relationship In-Class Reading The Gift of Life 以生命相赠 1 炸弹落在了这个小村庄里。在可怕的越南战争期间,谁也不知道这些炸弹要轰炸什么目标,而它们却落在了一所由传教士办的小孤儿院内。 2 传教士和一两个孩子已经丧生,还有几个孩子受了伤,其中有一个小女孩,8岁左右,双腿被炸伤了。 3 几小时后,医疗救援小组到了。医疗小组由一名年轻的美国海军医生和一名同样年轻的海军护士组成。他们很快发现有个小女孩伤势严重。显然,如果不立即采取行动,她就会因失血过多和休克而死亡。 4 他们明白必须给小女孩输血,但是他们的医药用品很有限,没有血浆,因此需要匹配的血型。快速的血型测定显示两名美国人的血型都不合适。而几个没有受伤的孤儿却有匹配的血型。 5 医生会讲一点越南语,护士会讲一点法语,但只有中学的法语水平。孩子们不会说英语,只会说一点法语。医生和护士用少得可怜的一点共同语言,结合大量的手势,努力向这些受惊吓的孩子们解释说,除非他们能输一些血给自己的小伙伴,否则她将必死无疑。然后他们问孩子们是否有人愿意献血来救小女孩。 6 对医生和护士的请求,孩子们瞪大眼睛,一声不吭。此时小病人生命垂危。然而,只有这些受惊吓的孩子中有人自愿献血,他们才能够得到血。过了好一会儿,一只小手慢慢地举了起来,然后垂了下去,一会儿又举了起来。 7 “噢,谢谢,”护士用法语说。“你叫什么名字?” 8 “兴,”小男孩回答道。 9 兴很快被抱到一张床上,手臂用酒精消毒后,针就扎了进去。在整个过程中,兴僵直地躺着,没有出声。 10 过了一会儿,他发出了一声长长的抽泣,但立即用那只可以活动的手捂住了自己的脸。 11 “兴,疼吗?”医生问。 12 兴默默地摇了摇头,但一会儿忍不住又抽泣起来,并又一次试图掩饰自己的哭声。医生又问是不是插在手臂上的针弄疼了他,兴还是摇了摇头。 13 但现在,偶尔的抽泣变成了持续无声的哭泣。他紧紧地闭着眼睛,用拳头堵住嘴,想竭力忍住哭泣。 14 医疗小组此时非常担忧,因为针不会使他们的小输血者一直感到疼痛。一定是哪里出了问题。恰好这时,一名越南护士前来帮忙。看到小男孩在哭,她用越南话很快地问他原因。听了小男孩的回答后,又立即作了回答。护士一边说,一边俯身轻轻拍着小男孩的头,她的声音亲切柔和。 15 一会儿,小男孩不再哭了,他睁开眼睛,用质疑的目光看着越南护士。护士点了点头,小男孩的脸上马上露出了宽慰的神色。 16 越南护士抬起头平静地对两名美国人说: “他以为自己快死了。他误解了你们。以为你们要他献出所有的血,小女孩才能活下来。” 17 “那他为什么还愿意这么做呢?”海军护士问。 18 越南护士把这个问题向小男孩重复了一遍。小男孩简单地回答道: “她是我的朋友。” 19 他为了朋友甘愿献出自己的生命,没有比这更伟大的爱了。

大学英语综合教程答案

Unit 1 Living in Harmony Enhance Your Language Awareness 1. Text A amaze bunch bundle capacity commerce conquer display drop roast rob style symbol vague figure Text B appreciate participate shift slip 1)My neighbours are a friendly bunch of people. 2)Dave amazed his friends by leaving a well-paid job to travel around the world. 3)The employees in this company work an eight-hour shift . 4)The professor came to the classroom with a bundle of newspapers under his arm. 5)A passenger asked the driver: “Could you drop me off near the post office? I'd like to post a letter.” 6)The little girl's capacity for learning languages astonished me. 7)How many countries will be participating in the Olympic Games? 8)I like the typically French style of living. It is so romantic. 9)They have made their fortunes from industry and commerce . 10)They threatened to shoot him and rob him of all his possessions.

全新版大学英语综合教程教案

Teaching Planning College English Integrated Course Book Three Unit Two The Freedom Givers Zhong wen 1.Background Information Teacher: zhong wen Students: 56 sophomores Content of the textbook: unit-2 text A the Freedom Givers Textbook: foreign language teaching and research press Time duration:10 minutes 2.Textbook Analysis The author tells three stories about the Underground Railroad and early Black civil rights movement. The three stories are chosen because they are representative of all participants in this movement: John Parke r is a freed slave who later turned into a courageous “conductor”; Levi Coffin is a brave white “conductor”; Josiah Henson is a slave who struggled his way to freedom with the help of the Underground Railroad. We learn about the name of Josiah Henson at the beginning of the text, yet his full story is not told until the last part. In this way the author achieves coherence of text. 3.Students Analysis The class is made up of 56 students, with 30 girls and 26 boys ,who have a good knowledge of Basic English, but know very little about the American culture behind the language. So in this introduction part, It is necessary to introduce some background information to the students before reading 4.Teaching Objectives Students will be able to: 1.understand the main idea(early civil-rights struggles in the US, esp. the underground Railroad) 2.grasp the key language points and grammatical structures in the text, 3.conduct a series of reading, listening, speaking and writing activities related to the theme of the unit 4.Appreciate the various techniques employed by the writer (comparison and contrast, topic sentence followed by detail sentences, use of transitional devices,etc.); 5.Teaching Procedures: Greetings Step 1 Lead-in T: Today we are going to talk about the ethic heroes in American history, before the class, I’d like to introduce the slavery to all of you. T: Abraham Lincoln was the 16th president of the United States, during his term of office; he led the civil war and abolished the slavery. T: In the battle against slavery, not only did the president try his best to abolish this system, but also the people, especially the black people living in the South America try hard to fight for their own feat. Today, we will introduce some freedom givers in the American history. Before

新编大学英语1综合教程练习unit 8

UNIT 8 COPING WITH AN EDUCATIONAL PROBLEM I.I. Key words & phrases ability accumulate acquire adequate affect astonish compete complex decline faculty function handful humble idle ignorant jam luxury miracle portable scare slice suggestion swear upset better off break down compete with in amazement make a living by run out of search for sum up Additional Vocabulary scholarship 奖学金 this year’s graduate 应届毕业生 golden collar worker 金领工人 net capital 净资本 academic credit system 学分制 like water off duck’s back 把…当耳边风 netter 网虫 bullet train 子弹头列车 quality of population 人口素质 heuristic education 启发式教育 teach through lively activities 寓教于乐 emeritus professor 名誉教授 degrade oneself 掉(身价) stamp the card 打卡 WAP phone 上网手机 excessive consumption 提前消费 top student 高材生 inter-disciplinary talent 复合型人才 human capital 人力资本 intensive training class 强化班 alleviate burdens on students 减负 online love affair 网恋 magnet train 磁悬列车

大学英语综合教程1答案

大学英语综合教程一 Unit 1 Growing Up Part II Language Focus Vocabulary Ⅰ. 1.respectable 2.agony 3.put…down 4.sequence 5.hold back 6.distribute 7.off and on 8.vivid 9.associate 10.finally 11.turn in 12.tackle 2. 1.has been assigned to the newspaper’s Paris office. 2.was so extraordinary that I didn’t know whether to believe him or not.

3.a clear image of how she would look in twenty years’ time. 4.gave the command the soldiers opened fire. 5.buying bikes we’ll keep turning them out. 3. 1.reputation, rigid, to inspire 2.and tedious, What’s more, out of date ideas https://www.sodocs.net/doc/8a11402447.html,pose, career, avoid showing, hardly hold back Ⅱ. https://www.sodocs.net/doc/8a11402447.html,posed 2.severe 3.agony 4.extraordinary 5.recall https://www.sodocs.net/doc/8a11402447.html,mand 7.was violating 8.anticipate Ⅲ. 1.at 2.for 3.of 4.with

全新版大学英语综合教程第二版课后练习答案

全新版大学英语综合教程 第二版课后练习答案 This manuscript was revised on November 28, 2020

Unit1 Ways of Learning Vocabulary I 1. 1)insert 2)on occasion 3)investig ate 4)In retrospect 5)initial 6)phenomen a 7)attached 8)make up for 9)is awaiting 10)not; in the least 11)promote 12)emerged 2. 1)a striking contrast between the standards of living in the north of the country and the south. 2)is said to be superior to synthetic fiber. 3)as a financial center has evolved slowly. 4)is not relevant to whether he is a good lawyer. 5)by a little-known sixteen-century Italian poet have found their way into some English magazines. 3. 1)be picked up; can’t accomplish; am exaggerating 2)somewhat; the performance; have neglected; they apply to 3)assist; On the other hand; are valid; a superior II 1)continual 2)continuous 3)continual 4)continuous 5)principal 6)principal 7)principle 8)principles 9)principal III herself by herself/on her own by yourself/on your own Comprehensive Exercises

新编大学英语综合教程3课文翻译

新编大学英语综合教程3课文翻译

Unit 1 Personality In-Class Reading 羞怯的痛苦 1 对许多人来说,羞怯是很多不愉快的起因。各种各样的人——矮的、高的、愚笨的、聪明的、年轻的、年老的、瘦的、胖的——都说自己是羞怯的。羞怯的人会焦虑不安,感到不自然;也就是说,他们过分地关注自己的外表和举止。脑海中不断盘旋着一些使自己不安的想法:我给人留下的是什么印象?他们喜欢我吗?我讲话是不是傻里傻气?我长得难看。我穿的衣服毫不引人注目。 2 很显然这种不安的感觉会对人产生不利的影响。一个人的自我看法反映在自己的行为方式之中,而一个人的行为方式又影响他人的反应。通常,人们如何看待自己对他们生活的各个方面都会产生深刻的影响。例如,具有积极的自我价值观或很强自尊心的人往往表现出自信。而由于自信,他们不需要他人不断地称赞和鼓励,也能使自己感觉良好。自信者热情、自发地投入生活。他们不因别人认为他们“该”做什么而受到影

响。有很强自尊心的人不会被批评所伤害;他们不会把批评看作是人身攻击。相反,他们认为批评是一种提醒他们改进的建议。 3 相比之下,羞怯的人自尊心较弱,往往消极被动并且容易受他人影响。他们(是否)在做“该做的事情”需要得到别人的肯定。害羞的人对批评非常敏感;他们觉得批评正好证实了他们比别人差。他们也很难因别人的赞美而高兴,因为他们相信自己不值得称赞。羞怯的人也许会用这样的话来回答别人的赞美之辞:“你这么说只是为了让我感觉好一些。我知道这不是真的。”显然,尽管自我意识是一种健康的品质,过分的自我意识却是不利和有害的。 4能否彻底消除或者至少减轻羞怯感呢?幸运的是,人们能够通过坚持不懈的努力建立自信从而克服羞怯。由于胆怯和缺少自尊是密切相关的,因此正视自己的弱点和正视自己的优点一样重要。例如,大多数人希望每门功课都得A。 5 如果仅仅因为在某些领域有困难,就把自己列为差生,这不恰如其分。人们对自己的期望必须现实。老是想那些不可能的事情会令自己觉得无

相关主题