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第8单元课文翻译:

第8单元课文翻译:

引导良好风度的世界指南

1 到世界各地旅游越来越容易。我们生活在地球村里,但是我们如何更好地互相认识和理解呢?这里有个简单的例子。假设你安排了一个四点钟的会议。你预计你的外国商务同行会几点到达呢?如果他们是德国人,他们会准点到。如果他们是美国人,会提前15分钟到。如果他们是英国人,他们会晚到15分钟,并且你应该为意大利人留出一个钟头的时间。

2 当欧洲旅游社团规模开始增加时,出现了几本提供国际礼仪指南的书。起初,很多人以为这是一个笑话,尤其是英国人,似乎认为的他们的语言被广泛理解意味着其风俗习惯也相应被理解。很快,他们不得不改变想法,因为他们意识到,在如何与外国商界朋友相处方面,有很多要学的东西。

3 例如:

*英国人喜欢吃工作餐,席间一边喝酒一边谈业务;而日本宁愿吃饭时不谈工作。午餐是一个放松和相互了解的时间,午餐时间他们也很少喝酒。

*德国人喜欢饭前谈生意;法国人喜欢先吃饭后谈生意。在讨论业务之前,他们得吃饱喝足。

*在英国和荷兰,脱去你的外套再卷起您的袖子是一个言归正传认真工作的迹象;但在德国,人们把它看成是放松。

*美国行政人员有时表达他们悠闲舒适的感觉和在公司的重要地位,打电话时,会把脚放在桌上。而在日本这样,人们会感到震惊。将您的鞋底朝人是极大的不礼貌。这是一种仅次于在公共场合挤鼻涕的社会侮辱。

4 日本也许有最严格的社会和商业行为规则。资历是非常重要的,年轻人应该永远不会派去完成一个对付日本老年人的业务。日本的商务名片,几乎需要一个使用规则手册。您必须会面时立即交换名片,因为这对树立个人地位和职位是必须的。

5 把名片交给一个地位较高的人时,必须都用双手来接或递,你必须花点时间来仔细阅读名片,而不只是把它放进口袋里!此外,鞠躬是与人打招呼的非常重要的一部分。你不应该期望日本人握手。点一下头是表示尊重,每天的第一次鞠躬应比后头的见面问候鞠躬要更低一点。

6 美国人有时感到难以接受较正规的日语礼仪。他们更喜欢休闲一点,非正式一点,这可以用广泛使用的“天天快乐!”来说明。美国服务员用一个字的祈使句“快乐!”英国人,当然,是冷静而内向的。英国陌生人之间谈话的伟大话题是天气---平静而不涉及个人。在美国,陌生人之间的主要议题是搜索地理上的联系。“哦,真的吗?你住在俄亥俄州的?我有一个叔叔曾经在那里工作过。”

7 “入乡随俗。”

这里有一些给旅客的最后提示。

*在法国的咖啡吧里,你要跟所有你认识的人握过手后才能坐下来。

*在巴基斯坦,你绝不能眨眼。那是一种冒犯。

*在中东,你千万不要使用左手打招呼、吃喝或吸烟。同时,您应该小心不要羡慕主人家的任何东西。他们会觉得他们应把它给你。

*在俄罗斯,您必须迎合主人一杯对一杯地喝,否则他们会认为你不友好。

*在泰国,问候人时,您应该紧握你的手,低头低眼。

*在美国,您应该用双手尽快地吃掉你的汉堡包。没吃完前,别想交谈。

译者:周荆洪

2008年7月3日

Unit 8

Manners

Text

A World Guide to Good Manners

1 Traveling to all corners of the world gets easier and easier. We live in a global village, but how well do we know and understand each other? Here is a simple test. Imagine you have arranged a meeting at four o’clock. What time should you expect your foreign business colleagues to arrive? If they’re German, they’ll be right on time. If they’re American, they’ll probably be 15 minutes early. If they’re British, they’ll be 15 minutes late, and you should allow up to an hour for the Italians.

2 When the European Community began to increase in size, several guidebooks appeared giving advice on international etiquette. At first many people thought this was a joke, especially the British, who seemed to assume that the widespread understanding of their language meant a corresponding understanding of English customs. Very soon they had to change their ideas, as they realized that they had a lot to learn about how to behave with their foreign business friends.

3 For example:

*The British are happy to have a business lunch and discuss business matters with a drink during the meal; the Japanese prefer not to work while eating. Lunch is a time to relax and get to know one another, and they rarely drink at lunchtime.

*The Germans like to talk business before dinner; the French like to eat first and talk

afterwards. They have to be well fed and watered before they discuss anything.

*Taking off your jacket and rolling up your sleeves is a sign of getting down to work in Britain and Holland, but in Germany people regard it as taking it easy.

*American executives sometimes signal their feelings of ease and important in their offices by putting their feet on the desk whilst on the telephone. In Japan, people would be shocked. Showing the soles of your feet is the height of bad manners. It is a social insult only exceeded by blowing your nose in public.

4 The Japanese have perhaps the strictest rules of social and business behavior. Seniority is very important, and a younger man should never be sent to complete a business deal with an older Japanese man. The Japanese business card almost needs a rulebook of its own. You must exchange business cards immediately on meeting because it is essential to establish everyone’s status and position.

5 When it is handed to a person in a superior position, it must be given and received with both hands, and you must take time to read it carefully, and not just put it in you pocket! Also the bow is a very important part of greeting someone. You should not expect the Japanese to shake hands. Bowing the head is mark of respect and the first bow of the day should be lower than when you meet thereafter.

6 The Americans sometimes find it difficult to accept the more formal Japanese manners. They prefer to be casual and more informal, as illustrate d by the universal” Have a nice day!” American waiters have a one-word imperative “Enjoy!” The British, of course, are cool and reserved. The great topic of conversation between strangers in Britain is the weather—unemotional and impersonal. In America, the main topic between strangers is the search to find a geographical link. “Oh, really? You live in Ohio? I had an uncle who once worked there.”

7 “When in Rome, do as the Romans do.”

Here are some final tips for travelers.

*In France you shouldn’t sit down in a café until you’ve shaken hands with everyone you know.

*In Pakistan you mustn’t wink. It’s offensive.

*In the Middle East you must never use the left hand for greeting, eating, drinking, or smoking. Also, you should take care not to admire anythin g in your host’s home. They will feel that they have to give it to you.

*In Russia you must match your hosts drink for drink, or they will think you are unfriendly.

*In Thailand you should clasp your hands together and lower your head and your eyes when you greet someone.

*In America you should eat your hamburger with both hands and as quickly as possible. You shouldn’t try to have a conversation until it is eaten.

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人们经常记得他们在做什么,当人们听见历史上重要新闻的时候。在美国,例如,许多人记得在1968年4月4日他们在做什么,这是在美国现代历史上的重要事件。在这天,马丁路德金在美国孟菲斯被杀害了。虽然一些人可能不记得是谁谋杀了他,他们记得当他们听到这个事件时他们在做什么。 甚至最日常的活动似乎是重要,罗伯特艾伦现在超过40岁了,在那时他还是个学生,但是他记得当他听到这个事件时他在做什么。“那是明亮的,晴朗的一天。”罗伯特记得。“我们在操场上玩的很开心当铃响了的时候。我们的老师让我们停下正在做的事来听”他告诉我们这个消息:“马丁路德金在十分钟前死了!我们不能相信它!”学校关了一天,并且罗伯特和他的朋友一起沉默地走回了家。 马丁路德金博士的谋杀发生在大约30年前,在许多美国人出生前。然而,在更近代时期,大多数美国人记得他们在做什么当在纽约的世贸贸易中心被恐怖分子毁坏时。甚至日期——2001年9月11日——对大多数美国人有一定的意义。 当然,不是所有历史上的事件都与这一样糟糕。许多美国人也说他们记得他们在做什么当在1969年6月12日第一个人在月球上走时。在更近的历史上,许多中国人记得他们做了什么当杨利伟成为第一个中国宇航员在太空中时。杨利伟走进了太空在2003年10月15日时,他的环球旅行持续了22个小时,当他回来时,他成为了一个中国的民族英雄,并且在全世界成名了。 人们经常记得他们在做什么,当人们听见历史上重要新闻的时候。在美国,例如,许多人记得在1968年4月4日他们在做什么,这是在美国现代历史上的重要事件。在这天,马丁路德金在美国孟菲斯被杀害了。虽然一些人可能不记得是谁谋杀了他,他们记得当他们听到这个事件时他们在做什么。 甚至最日常的活动似乎是重要,罗伯特艾伦现在超过40岁了,在那时他还是个学生,但是他记得当他听到这个事件时他在做什么。“那是明亮的,晴朗的一天。”罗伯特记得。“我们在操场上玩的很开心当铃响了的时候。我们的老师让我们停下正在做的事来听”他告诉我们这个消息:“马丁路德金在十分钟前死了!我们不能相信它!”学校关了一天,并且罗伯特和他的朋友一起沉默地走回了家。 马丁路德金博士的谋杀发生在大约30年前,在许多美国人出生前。然而,在更近代时期,大多数美国人记得他们在做什么当在纽约的世贸贸易中心被恐怖分子毁坏时。甚至日期——2001年9月11日——对大多数美国人有一定的意义。 当然,不是所有历史上的事件都与这一样糟糕。许多美国人也说他们记得他们在做什么当在1969年6月12日第一个人在月球上走时。在更近的历史上,许多中国人记得他们做了什么当杨利伟成为第一个中国宇航员在太空中时。杨利伟走进了太空在2003年10月15日时,他的环球旅行持续了22个小时,当他回来时,他成为了一个中国的民族英雄,并且在全世界成名了。

全新版第二版第一册unit8课文翻译电子教案

全新版第二版第一册u n i t8课文翻译

A fable for tomorrow (Rachel Carson) There was once a town in the heart of America where all life seemed to live in harmony with its surroundings. The town lay in the midst of a checkerboard of prosperous farms, with fields of grain and hillsides of orchards where, in spring, white clouds of bloom drifted above the green fields. In autumn, oak and maple and birch set up a blaze of color that flamed and flickered across a backdrop of pines. Then foxes barked in the hills and deer silently crossed the fields, half hidden in the mists of the fall mornings. 从前在美国中心有一个小镇,那里的万物看上去都与其四周的环境融洽相处。小镇的四周是像棋盘交错的生意盎然的农庄,还有一块块的田地和一座座遍布山坡的果园。春天来了,白色的鲜花云彩般地漂浮在田野上;秋天到了,橡树、枫树和桦树色彩斑斓,在一片松树林间火焰般地燃烧与跳跃。小山上狐狸吠叫,田野间小鹿静静地跃过,所有的一切都在秋天清晨的薄雾中半隐半现。 Along the roads, laurel, viburnum and alder, great ferns and wildflowers delighted the traveler's eye through much of the year. Even in winter the roadsides were places of beauty, where countless birds came to feed on the berries and on the seed heads of the dried weeds rising above the snow. The countryside was, in fact, famous for the abundance and variety of its bird life, and when the flood of migrants was pouring through in spring and fall people traveled from great distances to observe them. Others came to fish the streams, which flowed clear and cold out of the hills and contained shady pools where trout lay. So it had been from the days many years ago when the first settlers raised their houses, sank their wells, and built their barns. 在路的两旁,一年中许多时候,月桂树、荚莲、桤木、蕨类植物和各样的野花都能让过往的行人赏心悦目。即使是冬天,路边的景色依旧是美不胜收,那里无数的小鸟来觅取浆果莓和露在雪地上的枯枝上的种子。事实上,这乡村正是由于鸟类的数量和种类之繁多而出名的。在候鸟群潮涌而来的春秋季节,人们从大老远的地方慕名前来欣赏。还有的人来这里的小溪垂钓。清冽的溪水从山中流出,溪水中有许多鳟鱼藏身的背阴的水潭。所以,从许多年前开始,第一批居住者就在这里盖房挖井,搭起了自己的谷仓。 Then a strange blight crept over the area and everything began to change. Some evil spell had settled on the community: mysterious maladies swept the flocks of chickens; the cattle and sheep sickened and died. Everywhere was a shadow of death. The farmers spoke of much illness among their families. In the town the doctors had become more and more puzzled by new kinds of sickness appearing among their patients. There had been several sudden and unexplained deaths, not only among adults but even among children, who would be stricken suddenly while at play and die within a few hours. 后来,一种奇怪的摧毁力悄然袭击了这个地区,所有的一切都开始变了。某种邪恶的符咒笼罩了这个社区:神秘的疾病攻击了鸡群,牛、羊也纷纷病死,到处都有一层死亡的阴影。农夫们谈论

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但是我比较腼腆,不敢和她说话,我该怎么办?” 你可以说:“嗨!你好!”“你喜欢中国吗?”这些都是发起话题的好方式。说话 之前,对她笑一笑。记住:别害羞,多尝试。 第三个问题是关于词汇的。安徽的张磊写道:“我把生词写下来,但是很快就忘记 了,我怎么才能记住这些生词呢?” 别担心。忘记生词是正常的!我建议你每天在纸上记下四五个单词,放在房间里。 大明:那你可要记得去看看地王大厦。它比深圳的其他许多建筑都高。 Unit 2 剑桥,伦敦和英格兰 托尼·史密斯 我来自剑桥,一座位于英格兰东部的美丽城市。剑桥位于康河河畔,有大约十二万人口。我的故乡

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美丽的森林中生长着的高大的松树,一到秋天就会结出松果。松果中有很多的松子,而松子是松鼠们最喜欢吃的食物。很多的鸟类也喜欢吃松子。 不久就要入冬了,松鼠们手忙脚乱的采集储存松子。因为松鼠们需要吃掉这些松子来越冬。松鼠们每天一边忙着采集松子,一边把它们埋藏在森林的偏僻的地方。鸟类也是一样的。它们不断地采集松子,把并将其隐藏在各种各样的地方。入冬后,松鼠和小鸟们一饿肚子就会去各自藏食物的地方享用美食。为了不让其他的动物看见,必须这么做,因为可以防止自己的食物被夺走或者被偷走。 慢慢的,冬天走了,春天就要来了。虽然大部分的松鼠、小鸟们都顺利的动过了冬天,但是还是大约有1/3的小动物因为食物不足的原因死去了。那么被藏起来的松子变成什么样了呢?肯定不可能全部吃光。松鼠和小鸟们也不断的忘记隐藏松子的地方。这些幸存下来的松子并没有被冻伤,而是被土壤覆盖着、被像棉衣棉被那样厚的落叶保护着安全的度过了冬天。并在雪融化的水和春光的滋润下,在柔软的土壤中复苏并发芽。被小动物们隐藏在森林各处的松子纷纷发芽,慢慢的从地面冒出尖儿来,长成一棵棵幼小的松树。随着松树逐渐的成长,结出更多的松果。 下一个冬天一接近,松鼠和小鸟们又开始忙活起来了。但是他们突然停止了手中的动作,迅捷地爬上树干,不安地回望

着周围。 因为想在森林中采集松子的人们来了。只为想让松子卖个好价钱,这些人们为了尽可能的多采一些松果,使用了工具。他们在几天之内,采集了几十个麻袋那么多的松果。人类在四零的各处采集松果的同时,松鼠和小鸟们也将麻袋周围散落一地的松子不停地送回自己的食品仓库。 刚刚过了一周,平静下来的生活被再次打破了。一队马车来到了森林去运送全部的松子。松鼠小鸟们甚至跑到了水边儿上,眼睁睁地看着自己越冬的食物被拿走。

人教版新目标英语课文翻译八年级下三单元

三单元 Section A 图片原文彼得,请你去倒一下垃圾好吗当然可以,妈妈。 1a洗餐具倒垃圾叠衣服扫地整理床铺打扫起居室 1c请你扫一下地好吗好的,当然可以。你能洗餐具吗噢,你洗他们行吗我要打扫起居室。没问题。 2a 彼得想要……出去吃晚饭。去看电影。待在外面晚点儿。搭车。他爸爸的理由:我必须处理一些工作。你必须打扫干净房间。我需要吃早饭。你有一场篮球赛。 2c我能用一下你的电脑吗对不起。我现在要用它工作。噢,我可以看电视吗是的,你可以。但你首先必须打扫干净你的房间。 2d托尼,你可以帮着做几件事吗我至少看完这个节目行吗不行。我认为两个小时的电视对你来说足够了!好的,你要我做什么你倒垃圾、叠衣服和洗餐具好吗那么多是的,因为妈妈随时都会买完东西回来。如果她看到这样不整洁她会不高兴的。但房子已经相当干净和整洁了!是的,嗯,它是干净的,但它不是“妈妈(要求的)干净”! 3a 1.南希的妈妈为什么生南希的气2.他们解决问题了吗怎么解决的 上个月,当我放学回到家时,我们的狗迎接我。他想要散步,但是我太累了。我扔下我的书包就去起居室了。我刚在电视机前坐下,我妈妈就过来了。“你把狗带出去溜溜好吗”她问。 “我能先看个节目吗”我问。 “不行!”她生气地答道。“你总是看电视,在家里从不帮忙!我不能整天工作,整晚还做家务。” “噢,我在学校也整天学习!我和你一样累!”我大喊回应道。 我妈妈没说什么就走了。一个星期,她没做家务活,我也没有做。最后,我找不到一个干净的盘子,也找不到一件干净的衬衫。 接下来的第二天,我妈妈下班回家发现房子既干净又整洁。“发生了什么事”她惊讶地问。“对不起,妈妈。我终于懂得,我们需要分担家务活来拥有一个干净而舒适的家,”我答道。 3b 1.一个星期我们两人都没有做家务。2.我一在电视机前坐下,我妈妈就过来了。3.你累,但我也累。3c 1.你带狗去溜溜好吗我从学校走回家。 2.我能先看一下节目吗 3.我不能整天工作。 4.我不能找到一个干净的盘子。 5.“发生了什么事”她惊讶地问。 Grammar Focus 我可以和朋友一起出去吃晚饭吗当然,那应该可以。看完电影后,我们能喝点东西吗不,你们不能。你们明天有一场篮球赛。你带狗出去溜溜好吗好的,但我想先看个节目。请你先倒一下垃圾好吗好的,当然可以。 4a 1.看完电影后我和朋友们一起去闲逛可以吗d.可以,但不要回来太晚。 2.你把盐递给我好吗a.可以。给你。 3.我能借那本书吗c.当然可以,没问题。我昨晚看完了它。 4.你帮我洗餐具好吗e.不行,我不能。我割破了手指,我尽量不要弄湿它。 5.你能借给我一些钱吗b.嗯,你需要多少 4b我讨厌做家务。噢,我也讨厌一些杂务,但我喜欢其他的杂务。真的吗好极了!那么我能请你帮我做一些杂务吗你需要帮忙做什么你能为我叠或洗衣服吗我不想做那种事!它很乏味!行。那么请你为我洗餐具好吗当然,没问题。但洗好之后我们能去看电影吗当然可以。在你帮我洗餐具的时候我会完成家庭作业。然后我们能去看电影。 4c 刘畅,你带个帐篷可以吗当然可以。你能……吗对不起,我不能。我必须…… Section B

全新版第二版第一册unit8课文翻译讲课教案

A fable for tomorrow (Rachel Carson) There was once a town in the heart of America where all life seemed to live in harmony with its surroundings. The town lay in the midst of a checkerboard of prosperous farms, with fields of grain and hillsides of orchards where, in spring, white clouds of bloom drifted above the green fields. In autumn, oak and maple and birch set up a blaze of color that flamed and flickered across a backdrop of pines. Then foxes barked in the hills and deer silently crossed the fields, half hidden in the mists of the fall mornings. 从前在美国中心有一个小镇,那里的万物看上去都与其四周的环境融洽相处。小镇的四周是像棋盘交错的生意盎然的农庄,还有一块块的田地和一座座遍布山坡的果园。春天来了,白色的鲜花云彩般地漂浮在田野上;秋天到了,橡树、枫树和桦树色彩斑斓,在一片松树林间火焰般地燃烧与跳跃。小山上狐狸吠叫,田野间小鹿静静地跃过,所有的一切都在秋天清晨的薄雾中半隐半现。 Along the roads, laurel, viburnum and alder, great ferns and wildflowers delighted the traveler's eye through much of the year. Even in winter the roadsides were places of beauty, where countless birds came to feed on the berries and on the seed heads of the dried weeds rising above the snow. The countryside was, in fact, famous for the abundance and variety of its bird life, and when the flood of migrants was pouring through in spring and fall people traveled from great distances to observe them. Others came to fish the streams, which flowed clear and cold out of the hills and contained shady pools where trout lay. So it had been from the days many years ago when the first settlers raised their houses, sank their wells, and built their barns. 在路的两旁,一年中许多时候,月桂树、荚莲、桤木、蕨类植物和各样的野花都能让过往的行人赏心悦目。即使是冬天,路边的景色依旧是美不胜收,那里无数的小鸟来觅取浆果莓和露在雪地上的枯枝上的种子。事实上,这乡村正是由于鸟类的数量和种类之繁多而出名的。在候鸟群潮涌而来的春秋季节,人们从大老远的地方慕名前来欣赏。还有的人来这里的小溪垂钓。清冽的溪水从山中流出,溪水中有许多鳟鱼藏身的背阴的水潭。所以,从许多年前开始,第一批居住者就在这里盖房挖井,搭起了自己的谷仓。 Then a strange blight crept over the area and everything began to change. Some evil spell had settled on the community: mysterious maladies swept the flocks of chickens; the cattle and sheep sickened and died. Everywhere was a shadow of death. The farmers spoke of much illness among their families. In the town the doctors had become more and more puzzled by new kinds of sickness appearing among their patients. There had been several sudden and unexplained deaths, not only among adults but even among children, who would be stricken suddenly while at play and die within a few hours. 后来,一种奇怪的摧毁力悄然袭击了这个地区,所有的一切都开始变了。某种邪恶的符咒笼罩了这个社区:神秘的疾病攻击了鸡群,牛、羊也纷纷病死,到处都有一层死亡的阴影。农夫们谈论着家中的许多疾病;镇上的医生也越来越因病人中出现的新的病症而感到迷惑。在成人和孩子中发生了好几起突发的不明其由的死亡,那些孩子在玩耍中突然病倒,几小时后就死去了。 There was a strange stillness. The birds, for example - where had they gone? Many people spoke of them, puzzled and disturbed. The feeding stations in the backyards were deserted. The few birds seen anywhere were moribund; they trembled violently and could not fly. It was a spring without voices. On the mornings that had once throbbed with the dawn chorus of robins, catbirds, doves, jays, wrens, and scores of other bird voices there was now no sound; only silence lay over the fields and woods and marsh 这里是一派奇怪的寂静。就说鸟儿们吧---它们都去哪儿了?许多人说起鸟儿的时候都充满了迷惑与不安。他们后院的饲养站已经没有鸟儿光顾了。随处能见到的几只鸟都奄奄一息。他们猛烈地颤抖,却飞不起来。这是一个无声的春天。曾经是震动着画眉鸟、猫鸟、鸽子、樫鸟、欧鹪和许多鸟儿的黎明合唱声的清晨如今却寂然无声。田野间、树林中和沼泽地里也是一片寂静。 On the farms the hens brooded, but no chicks hatched. The farmers complained that they were unable to raise any pigs - the litters were small and the young survived only a few days. The apple trees were coming into bloom but no bees droned among the blossoms, so there was no pollination and there would be no fruit. 在农庄,母鸡下蛋却孵不出小鸡。农夫们抱怨无法养猪,因为刚生下的猪崽太小了,小猪也只能活几天的功夫。苹果树开花了,可是没有蜜蜂在花丛中嗡嗡地采蜜,没有蜜蜂的授粉,也就没有任何果子。 The roadsides, once so attractive, were now lined with browned and withered vegetation as though swept by fire. These, too, were silent, deserted by all living things. Even the streams were now lifeless. Anglers no longer visited them,

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