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翻译(学术综合英语期末考试)

翻译(学术综合英语期末考试)
翻译(学术综合英语期末考试)

(Unit5)E TO C In this age of instantaneous communications,it has become harder to hide wrongdoings:corrupt officials and business-people are now exposed by private whistle-blowers,government leaks,aggrieved competitors,and investigative reporters.publicity is an important deterrent because corruption can terminate careers.during the past year alone,scandals have brought down the prime minister of the Ukraine,the deputy president of south Africa,the leader of Brazil’s ruling party,key Kenyan government ministers,and the majority leader of the U.S. House of representatives.but systematic changes are necessary to ensure that corruption scandals stop repeating themselves like prurient TV show reruns.

Leadership changes have occurred or are about to occur in key entities:the world bank,the OECD,the UN,transparency international,and the international chamber of commerce.The resulting set of new leaders should get together with NGOs and leaders from other key organizations,such as export-credit entities and international law enforcement agencies,to map out a broad anticorruption strategy and develop a consensus for near-term and middle-term action.

当前是一个信息即时交流的时代,要想掩盖恶行越来越难,因为眼下私人侦探、走漏政府内部信息的人、愤愤不平的竞争对手以及那些刨根问底的记者们都会把那些贪污腐败的官员和奸商暴露出来。由于腐化堕落会断送事业前程,所以曝光时一种重要的威慑力量。仅去年一年,被丑闻拉下台的就有乌克兰总理、南非副总统、巴西执政党领袖、肯尼亚政府的几名地位显赫的部长以及美国众议院多数党领袖。但是要确保腐败丑闻不会像色情电视剧那样重复上演,就必须进行系统的改革。

领导层的变革在诸如世界银行、经济合作与发展组织、联合国、透明国际以及国际

商会等重点机构已经展开或者即将展开。改革后的新领导班子应该与非政府组织以及其他重要机构(如出口信贷机构、国际执法部门等)领导人携手合作,以便制定全面的反腐战略,就近期和中期行动达成共识。

(Unit4 )C TO E although boys and girls often play together,they spend most of their time in same-sex groups.boys and girls do play some games together,but their games are often quite different.young boys,says ages 8 through 12,tend to play outside the house rather than in the house,and they play in large groups that are hierarchically structured.a group of boys generally has a leader who tells the other boys who to do and how to do it.it is by giving orders and making the other boys play by rules that boys achieve higher or more dominant status in their play group.

而且是在在有等级结构中的大组中玩耍,这帮孩子中间会有一个孩子头,告诉别的男孩做什么、怎么做。

E TO C Perhaps it is our social concept of what is feminine and what is masculine that reinforce the stereotype that women talk more than men,and even causes these different patterns of communication.maybe a woman is labeled talkative or is criticized for interrupting if she does it at all,because our culture-as

Well as many other cultures-teaches that women should be quite if they want to be feminine.perhaps masculine culture encourages boys and man to dominate talk and to interrupt more often,and males who talk a lot and interrupt often are not criticized for doing so.these differences in the patterns of communication and style of communicating are studied by experts who study the effects of gender on

communication.they study these effects in order to understand why misunderstandings occur between men and women in conversation.

Often,it’s because their styles and patterns of conversation are so different.it is important that we learn to recognize these differences so that we can learn to communicate better with people of the other gender.

或许正是我们的男女社会观念加深了女人比男人话多的这一模式化印象,甚至导致这些不同沟通方式的出现。如果一个女人真的在别人说话时插嘴,她或许会被认为是话多,或许会为此受到批评。因为我们的文化—还有其他很多文化—如此教导女性:她们如果想要有女人味就必须文静。或许男性文化鼓励男孩和男人支配谈话并且更经常打断谈话,而且健谈和频繁打断话头的男性不会为此受到批评。研究性别对交流所产生的作用的专家们针对沟通模式和沟通风格方面的这些差异进行探究,以便了解在男女对话中为什么会产生误解。误解的产生常常是因为他们的对话风格和方式存在极大的差异。为了能学会更好地和异性交流,我们有必要认识这些差异。

(Unit3)C TO E Using a driving simulator, some US researchers studied the driving of 40 people. Some of them drove while talking on a cell phone, others navigated while drunk, and others drove with no such distractions or impairment. The results showed that there were three accidents in which the drivers were talking on cell phones —all of them involving a rear-ending. The research has found that those talking on the phone while driving are more sluggish. In addition, talking on the cell phone can reduce reaction time by 9 percent in terms of braking and 19 percent in terms of picking up speed after braking.

美国的研究人员使用了一种模拟驾驶器,观察40名志愿者分别在手持手机通话驾驶、酒后驾驶以及专心驾驶的过程。结果显示:共有三名志愿者发生追尾事故,司机当时均在打手机的状态下。研究发现:无论手机是否处于免提状态,司机在通话状态下会放慢车速。此外采取刹车措施的反应速度也会减慢9%,而刹车后加速的速度又会减慢19%。(Unit2) E TO C energy has a dual relationship with human well-being.for most of human history,man has been concerned mainly about the benefit side of the energy-well-being equation thanks to the low costs involved in energy use.however,with the staggering scale of energy demand brought forth by 100 years of unprecedented population growth,coupled with an equally remarkable growth in per ca-pita demand of industrial energy forms,energy entails increasingly higher costs,both external and internalized.on the one hand,energy resources are reducing at an accelerating speed and energy supply requires higher input.on the other hand,the external costs seem more worrisome because energy use poses serious threats to public health and safety,keeps disrupting the global ecosystem,and may trigger large-scale military conflict.

能源和利益有着双重关系。人类历史发展长河中,由于能源成本低廉。人们主要关注能源和人类安康关系中有利的一面。然而、过去一百年以来,人口空前速度增长,引起了能源需求的激增,同时,人均工业能源亦急剧增长,因此能源利用所需成本越来越高;另一方面相比之下、外延成本更加令人忧虑,原因是能源利用严重威胁大众健康和安全,不断破坏生态资源,并可能引起大规模军事冲突。

C TO E

以上各种因素究竟如何影响能源供应的资金成本难以量化,部分原因是许多非环境因素

实际上同环境因素互相交织在一起。比如造成施工延误的原因,不但有管理上的限制,而且有工程、管理以及质量监控等方面的问题。然而在美国,过去20年中由于环境影响,石油产品供应的成本至少上升了25%,而火电和核电生产的资金成本则上升了40%,甚至更多。

The various factors above how to affect the energy supply cost of capital is difficult to quantify, partly because many non environmental factors in fact intertwined with each other with environment factors.Such as the cause of the construction delays is not only limitation of management, but also engineering, management and quality control, etc.In the United States, however, in the past 20 years ,due to environmental impact, the cost of oil products supply rose by 25%, while thermal power and nuclear power production cost of capital is increased at least by 40%, or even more.

Unit 1 C TO E

当你发表学术演讲时,首先要做好充分的准备;其次,你演讲的主要观点要明确,层次要清楚。演讲时语速不要过快,语言要清晰。不要总在读你准备好的稿子。最后你应该经常看下你的听众。这样,一方面你对你的听众表示尊重,另一方面你可以更顺利的进行你的演讲。

First,before delivering academic speech, you should get well prepared;Second, the main point must be explicit and of Clear hierarchy .don’t be too fast,

You should try to eliminate clutter.You needn’t always reading prepared remarks.Finally ,you should have a look at your audience.on the one hand ,you show respect to your audience, on the other hand ; you can make your speech more smoothly.

E TO C

outlines are essential to effective speeches.by outlining,you make sure that related ideas are together,that your thoughts flow one to another,and that the structure of your speech is coherent连贯的、一致的.you will probably use two kinds of outlines for your speeches-the detailed preparation outline and brief speaking outline.

In preparation outline,you should state your specific purpose and central idea,and identify main points and sub-points using a consistent pattern.the speaking outline should consist of brief notes to help you while you deliver the speech.it should contain key words or phrase to bolster your memory.in making up your speaking outline,follow the same visual framework used in your preparation outline.keep the speaking outline as brief as possible and be sure it is plainly legible(易读的).

提纲是必不可少的,对于一个有效的演讲来说。通过列提纲,你确定相关的想法一个到另外一个连接在一起,你演讲的结构式连贯一致的。你可以有有两种方式,一种是详细的,另外一种是简要的。

综合英语(一)课文及翻译

Lesson One: The Time Message Elwood N, Chapman 新的学习任务开始之际,千头万绪,最重要的是安排好时间,做时间的主人。本文作者提出了7点具体建议,或许对你有所启迪。 1 Time is tricky. It is difficult to control and easy to waste. When you look a head, you think you have more time than you need. For Example,at the beginning of a semester, you may feel that you have plenty of time on your hands, but toward the end of the term you may suddenly find that time is running out. You don't have enough time to cover all your duties (duty), so you get worried. What is the answer? Control! 译:时间真是不好对付,既难以控制好,又很容易浪费掉,当你向前看时,你觉得你的时间用不完。例如,在一个学期的开始,你或许觉得你有许多时间,但到学期快要结束时,你会突然发现时间快用光了,你甚至找不出时间把所有你必须干的事情干完,这样你就紧张了。答案是什么呢?控制。 2 Time is dangerous. If you don't control it, it will control you. I f you don't make it work fo r you, it will work against you. So you must become the master of time, not its servant. As a first-year college student, time management will be your number one Problem. 译:时间是危险的,如果你控制不了时间,时间就会控制你,如果你不能让时间为你服务,它就会起反作用。所以,你必须成为时间的主人,而不是它的奴仆,作为刚入学的大学生,妥善安排时间是你的头等大事。 3 Time is valuable. Wasting time is a bad habit. It is like a drug. The more time you waste,the easier it is to go on wasting time. If seriously wish to get the most out of college, you must put the time message into practice. 译:时间是珍贵的,浪费时间是个坏习惯,这就像毒品一样,你越浪费时间,就越容易继续浪费下去,如果你真的想充分利用上大学的机会,你就应该把利用时间的要旨付诸实践。 Message1. Control time from the beginning. 4 Time is today, not tomorrow or next week. Start your plan at the Beginning of the term. 译:抓紧时间就是抓紧当前的时间,不要把事情推到明天或是下周,在学期开始就开始计划。 Message2. Get the notebook habit. 5 Go and buy a notebook today, Use it to plan your study time each day. Once a weekly study plan is prepared, follow the same pattern every week with small changes. Sunday is a good day to make the Plan for the following week.

最新基础综合英语课后习题翻译Unit1-6-邱东林版

李明是学化学的,性格开朗幽默,颇有魅力,但英语成绩不佳,每次只能勉强及格。老师警告他,英语不好会阻碍他拿奖学金,并亮出了自己的王牌:如果李明不努力,就让他考试不过关。老师还告诉他,学习英语不能只为了文凭,否则他即使大学毕业,也还是个半文盲。李明虽然保持镇定,但他明白,他的学业生涯正在攸关之际,必须安心下来埋头学习,坚持不懈。 Li Ming was a chemistry major, a charmer noted for his easygoing and humorous temperament. However, his English was so poor that he always barely got by. The teacher admonished him that his poor English would be an impediment to scholarship. What’s more, she showed her trump card: if Li Ming did not work hard. She would flunk him. He was also told that he should not learn English merely for the sake of his diploma, otherwise, even after graduation from university, he would still be semiliterate. Although Li Ming did not lose his composure, he was well aware that he had to settle down to work and follow through because his academic life was at stake. Unit 2 我的朋友琳达接受过良好的教育,既美丽又端庄,三十好几依然没有人向她求婚。究其原因,她的事业心极强,整日扑在工作上,每天来往于住处和公司之间,根本没有时间和异性交往。一想到女儿这么大了还单身一人,她父母就焦虑不安。他们不知道该如何是好,甚至还去咨询一些社会学专家。但是事情在上个月出现了转机,公司的总部调琳达到培训部。在新的工作岗位上,琳达遇到了第一个触动她心弦的男人。从此,他们几乎每天约会,琳达意识到她会不顾一切地爱这个男人。决定嫁人的时候,她告诉了我这个好消息。虽然琳达的爱情让人想起电影中才会有的浪漫故事,我也担忧未来究竟会怎样,但我还是表达了我由衷的祝福,并爽快答应在婚礼那天做他们的伴娘和伴郎随从中的一员。 Linda, my good friend, has received good education and is both beautiful and elegant. She was not proposed to even when she was well over thirty. The reason is that she, as a career –oriented woman, is devoted to her work. Navigating between home and the company, she had hardly any time to socialize with people of the opposite sex. Her parents were gripped by anxiety at the thought of their daughter still remaining single at such an age. They did not know what to do and even consulted with some sociologists. But the situation began to change last month, when the headquarters of the company transferred Linda to the training department. On the new post, Linda met a man who tugged on her heartstrings for the first time. Ever since then, they dated virtually on a daily basis, and Linda realized that she would love the man beyond all reason. When she decided to take the matrimonial plunge, she informed me. Though Linda’s love is reminiscent of the romance that we see only in movies and I don’t know what the future will hold for her, I give her my heart-felt wishes and agree readily to be a member of the entourage of bridesmaids and groomsmen.

新职业英语·职业综合英语1的课文翻译

新职业英语·职业综合英语课文翻译 第一课谷歌 上过互联网的人都见过谷歌,许多人要在互联网上查找某方面的信息时,他们都会去“谷歌”一下。作为全世界最有名的互联网搜索引擎,谷歌是网络业界功成名就的最好范例之一。 谷歌始于1996年1月斯坦福大学博士生拉里?佩奇的一个研究项目。为了找到一种能帮助网络用户搜索到相关网页的更好方法,佩奇设想可以通过检索网页之间的关系来实现。他认为其他网页链接最多的那些网页一定是最受欢迎的,这项技术结果看起来是成功的。 佩奇和他的合作伙伴谢尔盖?布林于1998年9月7日创建了自己的公司,并在之后的一周注册了https://www.sodocs.net/doc/908570495.html,这一网址。这个搜索引擎很快声名鹊起,2000年谷歌开始在自己的网站出售广告。在投资者的热情资助下,经过几年的发展,谷歌上市了,谷歌的很多雇员一夜之间成了百万富翁。 谷歌最近收购了互联网最大的视频共享网站https://www.sodocs.net/doc/908570495.html,,而且每天都在不断增加一些新功能,如工具栏、邮件和广告。当然,成长与成功也带来了竞争。微软最近就试图收购雅虎以便能在互联网搜索引擎领域与谷歌抗衡。 随着公司的壮大与知名度的提高,谷歌在美国公司就业吸引力的排名也上升到第一。他们尝试打破传统的办公室设计,努力把办公室变成员工感觉舒适、并能充分发挥自己才华的地方。 现在,谷歌已拥有YouTube、Blogger和其他一些热门网站,并且成为网络广告收入方面的领头羊。当初两个学生的一个小点子已发展成为一家拥有十亿美元资产的大公司,谷歌也成为全球最著名的商标之一。谷歌的发展史为当今的网络企业家树立了一个完美的典范,也提供了灵感。 第二课秘书 秘书可能会有很多其他不同的头衔,例如行政助理、文员或私人助理。尽管所有这些头衔都以行政工作为主旨,但它们却反映了不同种类的秘书工作。秘书岗位十分古老,例如,古希腊和罗马的商人和政客们就曾雇用私人秘书和文员来管理他们的事务。 秘书的工作就是使办公室顺利运转。秘书的职责范围很广,依据他们所在办公室的不同而各异。就最低要求来说,秘书要处理信函,跟踪日程安排,管理文件系统,操作电话、传真机、复印机等办公设备。许多秘书还要接听电话,并将其转给适当的人员。有些秘书还要负责办公室用品的采购,他们也可能会处理预算、簿记和人事文档。秘书应当具备使用电脑和其他电子设备的经验,因为他们将处理大量的电子资料,包括往来信函。

学术综合英语(罗立胜)1-6单元课文翻译

human creations, language may be the most remarkable. Through language we share experience, values, exchange ideas, transmit knowledge, and sustain culture. Indeed, language is vital to sense of reality by giving meaning to events. 在人类所有的创造中,语言也许是影响最为深远的。我们用语言来分享经验,表达(传递?)价值观,交换想法,传播知识,传承文化。事实上,对语言本身的思考也是至关重要的。和通常所认为的不同的是,语言并不只是简单地反映现实,语言在具体描述事件的时候也在帮助我们建立对现实的感知。——语序的调整。 Good speakers have respect for language and know how it works. Words are the tools of a speaker?s craft. They have special uses, just like the tools of any other profession. As a speaker, you should be aware of the meaning of words and know how to use language accurately, clearly,vividly,and appropriately. 好的演讲者对语言很重视,也知道如何让它发挥更好的效果。词语是演讲者演讲的重要“武器”,具有特殊的用途,这和任何其他的工作技艺没什么两样。作为演讲者,必须知道词语的具体含义,也要懂得如何做到用词准确、清晰、生动、适当。 Using language accurately is as vital to a speaker as using numbers accurately to a accountant. Never use a word unless you are sure of its meaning. If you are not sure, look up the word in the dictionary. As you prepare your speeches, ask yourself constantly, “What do I really want to say? What do I really mean?” Choose words that are precise and accurate. 演讲者准确地使用语言和会计准确使用数字是一样重要的。确定词意后再措词。如果不确定,请先查词典。当你在准备演讲的时候,要不断地问自己:“我到底要说什么?我到底想表达什么意思?”用词一定要精准。 Using language clearly allows listeners to grasp your meaning immediately. You can ensure this [by using familiar words (that are known to the average person and require no specialized background); by choosing concrete words in preference to more abstract ones, and by eliminating verbal clutter]. 用词清晰可以让听众迅速理解你的意思(抓到你的点)。要做到这一点,就要尽量使用一般人都熟悉的不需要专业知识就能懂的词语;多用具象词汇少用抽象词汇;还有要减少口误。 Using language vividly helps bring your speech to life. One way (to make your speech vivid)|is through imagery,or the creation of word pictures. You can develop imagery by using concrete language, simile, and metaphor. Simile is an explicit comparison between things (that are essentially different yet have something in common); it always contains the words “like”or “as”. Metaphor is an impli cit comparison between things that are different yet have something in common; it does not contain the words “like” or “as”. 生动地用词能让演讲鲜活起来!比喻,这种能产生文字图像的修辞,可以使演讲达到生动的效果。比喻要用具象的语言,分为明喻和隐喻。 明喻是指在本质上有区别但仍然有相同点的事物之间做一个明确的比较,一般句中会含有“像”或“似”。隐喻则是一种隐藏的比较,不会出现like 和as 这些连接词。 Another way to make your speeches vivid is by exploiting the rhythm of language. Four devices for creating rhythm are parallelism, repetition, alliteration, and antithesis. Parallelism is the similar arrangement of a pair or series of related words, phrases, or sentences. Repetition is the use of the same word or set of words at the beginning or end of successive clauses or sentences. Alliteration comes from repeating the initial constant sounds of close or adjoining words. Antithesis is the juxtaposition of

(完整word版)学术综合英语课后答案解析

Unit 1 C 1.The younger generation should continue to sustain and develop our fine traditions and long-standing culture. 2.In the course of preparing one’s speech, one should be clearly aware of how one could make effective use of statistics and examples to bolster one’s point of view. 3.An impromptu speech is one of the speaking skills that college students should learn and develop through practice. 4.By using simile and metaphor, you can make your language more vivid and more attractive to your audience. 5.The proper examples you cite might help reinforce the impression on your listeners and make your viewpoints more convincing. 6.When you are speaking, you should choose common and easy words and at the same time avoid clutter in your speech.

基础综合英语_1-5单元课后翻译

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