主动语态和被动语态的转换

主动语态和被动语态的转换

语态(Voice) 是动词的一种形式，它表示句子的主语和谓语动词之间的关系。语态通常分为主动语态和被动语态。被动语态(Passive Voice) 表示句子的主语是动作的承受者。主动语态则表示主语是动作的执行者。

（1）各种时态的被动语态

1）一般现在时的被动语态

We sweep the floor every day. The floor is swept every day by us .

We clean the windows every week. The windows are cleaned every week by us.

2）现在进行时的被动语态

Miss Chen is teaching me English now. I am being taught English by Miss Chen now.

I am writing my homework. My homework is being written by me.

The girl is watering flowers. The flowers are being watered by the girl.

3）现在完成时的被动语态

We have bought a new house recently. A new house has been bought recently by us.

We have planted a lot of flowers in the classroom.

A lot of flowers have been planted in our classroom.

4）一般将来时的被动语态

I shall/will do a better job next time. A better job will be done next time.

My father is going to stop smoking. Smoking is going to be stopped by my father.

He is going to help me tomorrow. I am going to be helped by him tomorrow.

Where are you going to put these tables? Where are these tables going to be put by you? You are to deliver these flowers before ten. These flower were to be delivered before ten.

I am to find an interesting story. An interesting story was to be found .

Many people are about to lose their jobs. Their jobs ____________________ lost.

I am about to finish my homework when he comes in.

My homework ________________________when he comes in.

一般将来时的动词形式

1.主动语态：shall/will +v. 被动语态：shall/will be +v-ed.

2.主动语态：am/is /are going to +v. 被动语态：am/is /are going to be +v-ed.

3.主动语态：am/is /are to +v. 被动语态：am/is/are to be +v-ed.

4.主动语态：am/is /are about to +v. 被动语态：am/is/are about to be +v-ed.

注意:只有及物动词和及物动词短语才可以有被动语态。不及物动词，不及物动词短语或系动词没有被动语态。

5）一般过去时的被动语态哪些句子可以变成被动语态？

A ram(公羊) saw a fence built with bamboo and wood in front. The fence blocked its way. It cast a sidelong glance at the fence, lowered its neck and lunged(刺) at the fence, hoping to knock it down. The fence remained intact but the ram injured its own horns.

A ram(公羊) saw a fence built with bamboo and wood .

A fence built with bamboo and wood was seen by a ram.

The fence blocked its way. Its way was blocked by the fence.

It cast a sidelong glance at the fence. A sidelong glance was cast at the fence by it.

The ram injured its own horns. The ram’s horns were injured by itself.

6）过去进行时的被动语态

He was cleaning his car while I was cooking. His car was being cleaned by him then.

I was doing my lessons then. My homework was being done then .

7）过去完成时的被动语态

They had already opened the new railway. The new railway had alredy been opened.

The vegetables didn’t taste good.They had been cooked (cook) for too long.

8）过去将来时的被动语态

He knew his mother would punish him for it. He knew ______________________ for it. She said _________________________ you. She said you would be looked after by her. Judy was going to meet us, but she was ill and couldn’t come.

Her mother was going to take care of her.

花在十点前送到。You were to deliver these flowers before ten.

These flowers were to be delivered before ten.

I was to find an interesting story. An interesting story ______________________.

Many people were about to lose their jobs. Their jobs __________________________lost. 过去将来时的动词形式

1.主动语态：would +v. 被动语态：would be +v-ed.

2.主动语态：was/were going to +v. 被动语态：was/were going to be +v-ed.

3.主动语态：was/were to +v. 被动语态：was/were to be +v-ed.

4.主动语态：was/were about to +v. 被动语态：was/were about to be +v-ed.

（2）含情态动词的被动语态

You _________more trees in this area. The trees must be planted in this area.

You mustn’t pick the flowers in the park. The flowers __________________in the park.

We should improve the environment. The environment ______________________ .

（3）什么时候用被动语态：

1）不知道或没必要指出动作的执行者。Many houses will be built here.

2）说话人对宾语的兴趣大于对主语的兴趣(这时可用by引导出动作的执行者)。

The plan was supported by those who wished to have more chances to speak English.

3）动作的执行者有较长的修饰语。

You are requested to attend the meeting.

4）出于礼貌, 不愿意说出动作的执行者。

Fill in the blanks with the right form of the words given.

填空：

1. Rice ________ (grow) in the south of the States.

2.Nowadays, English __________ (find) very useful.

3.The work ______________ (finish) tomorrow.

4.The flowers _______________ (water) by them now.

5.The railway ______________ (build) this time last year.

6.The railway ______ already _________ (build).

7.The new railway ____________ (build) by the end of last year.

8. He told me the sports meeting _____________ (hold) the next month.

（4）不能用于被动语态的情况

1）某些表示“静态”的及物动词（表示状态而不是动作，而且常常是不可用于进行时态的动词）如have, fit, suit, hold(容纳), cost, suffer, last(持续)等不能用于被动语态。

They have a nice car．他们有一辆漂亮的汽车。

My shoes don't fit me．我的鞋不合适。

My brain can't hold so much information at one time．我的脑子一下子记不住这么多资料。How much／What does it cost？这值多少钱？

Our holiday lasts 10days．我们的假期有十天。

This food will last (them) (for) 3days．这食物足够(他们)(吃)三天。

2）不是所有带介词的动词都能用于被动结构。若是构成成语动词通常有被动态，若不构成成语动词则无被动态。试比较：

They arrived at a decision．A decision was arrived at．他们作出了决定。

They arrived at the station．他们到达车站。(不说：The station was arrived at.)

He looked into the question．The question was looked into．他调查了这个问题。

3）动词leave(离开), enter(进入), join(参加)不可用于被动语态。

The car left the road and hit a tree．车子离开了道路，撞上了树。

4）某些及物动词可作不及物动词用, 特别是后加副词（如well，easily等）时。主动语态有被动含义, 这类动词常见的有sell, write, wear, wash, cook, open, close, lock, read, record等。His new novel is selling well．他的新小说很畅销。The cloth washes well．这布很耐洗。This material won't wear．这种材料不耐穿。His play won't act．他的戏剧不会上演。

The window won't shut．这窗关不上。The door won't open．这门打不开。

The door won't lock．这门锁不上。This poem reads well．这首诗读来很好。

5）feel, look, appear, sound, taste, smell等由实意动词演变而来的系动词, 后接形容词作表语, 不可用于被动语态。

Tell me if you feel cold．你要是感到冷就告诉我。

You're looking very unhappy—what's the matter？你看来很不高兴—怎么回事儿？

The soup tastes wonderful．这汤味道好极了。

Those roses smell beautiful．那些玫瑰好闻极了。

She appears to be friendly．她看上去很友好。

6）宾语是不定式或动词的-ing形式时，不可用于被动语态。

Peter hoped to meet her．彼得希望遇见她。

Mr Smith enjoyed seeing his daughter．史密斯先生喜欢看他的女儿。

7）宾语是反身代词或相互代词时，不可用于被动语态。

She can dress herself．她可以自己穿衣服。

We could hardly see each other in the fog．在雾中我们彼此几乎看不见。

8）宾语是同源宾语时，不可用于被动语态。

They live a happy life．他们过着幸福的生活。

The girl dreamed a sweet dream．那女孩做了个甜美的梦。

9）宾语带有与主语有照应关系的物主代词时，不可用于被动语态。如：

The old man broke his（＝the old man's）legs．那老人把自己的腿弄断了。

The girl shook her（＝the girl's）head．那女孩摇了摇头。

（6）主动含义表被动含义的情形

1）某些动词的主动形式表被动含义

英语中有很多动词如act, break, catch, cut, clean, drive, draw, let, lock, open, sell, read, write, wash, wear等, 当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时, 其主动形式常用来表达被动含义。另外，像owe, beat, cook, bake, print, build, make等, 有时可以用主动形式表达被动含义。This kind of radio doesn't sell well．这种收音机不太畅销。

The shop opens at eight o'clock．这个商店八点开门。

The pipe does not draw well．这烟斗不太通畅。

These plays act wonderfully．这些剧演得好。

Kate's book reads like an interesting novel．凯特的这本书读起来像本有趣的小说。

注意：主动表被动强调的是主语的特征，而被动语态则强调外界作用造成的影响。

The door won't lock．门锁不上。（指门本身有毛病）

The door won't be locked．门不会被锁上。（指不会有人来锁门）

His novels sell easily．他的小说销路好。（指小说本身内容好）

His novels are sold easily．他的小说容易销售。（主要强调外界对小说的需求量大）

2）某些动名词的主动形式表被动含义

a.在need, want, require, deserve和bear等词的后面，动名词用主动形式表示被动含义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。

The house needs repairing（to be repaired）．这房子需要修理。

My clothes need washing（to be washed）．我的衣服需要洗了。

b.形容词worth后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义，但不能跟动词不定式；而worthy 后面跟动词不定式的被动形式。

The picture-book is well worth reading．（＝The picture-book is very worthy to be read．）这本画册很值得一读。

Such a man as Mr．Smith is not worth helping．（＝Such a man as Mr．Smith is not worthy to be helped．）像史密斯先生那样的人不值得帮助。

3）某些动词不定式的主动形式表被动含义

a．当nice, easy, fit, hard, difficult, important, impossible, pleasant, interesting等形容词后跟不定式作状语，而句子的主语又是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时，这时常用不定式的主动形式表达被动含义。

Japanese is not difficult to learn．日语并不难学。（指日语被学）

The water is unfit to drink．这水不适合喝。（指水被喝）

The piece of music is pleasant to hear．这首音乐听起来很悦耳。（指音乐被听）

This book is easy to read．这本书读起来很容易。（指书被读）

b．当动词不定式在名词后面作定语，不定式和名词之间有动宾关系时，不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。

I have a lot of work to do today．我今天有很多工作要做。（work to do指被做的工作）

He has three children to look after．他有三个孩子要照看。（children to look after指孩子被照看）

注意：如果以上句型用动词不定式的被动形式，其含义有所区别。

I have some clothes to be washed．我有些要洗的衣服。（衣服不是自己洗）

c．在there be．．．句型中，当动词不定式修饰名词作定语时，不定式用主动或被动式，其含义没有什么区别。

There is a lot of homework to do（to be done）．有很多家庭作业要做。

There are some clothes to wash（to be washed）．有些衣服要洗。

4）由介词for, on, above, under等构成的短语有时可以表达被动含义。

His paintings will be on show tomorrow afternoon．＝His paintings will be shown tomorrow afternoon．他的油画作品明天下午展出。

5）表示感官意义的连系动词如smell, feel, taste, look, sound等在句子中常表达被动含义。How nice the music sounds！这音乐听起来多悦耳！

Good medicine tastes bitter．良药苦口。

Our school looks more beautiful than before．我们学校看上去比以前更漂亮了。

主动语态变被动语态的几个特例

主动语态变被动语态的几个特例 一、含有双宾语的句子变为被动语态时，多数将主动句中的间接宾语变为被动句的主语，直接宾语作保留宾语；也可将直接宾语变为主语，间接宾语作保留宾语，但这时保留宾语前多加介词to或for。如：He gave me a new watch.→1) I was given a new watch. 2) A new watch was given to me. 二、含有复合宾语且宾语补足语是名词的句子变为被动语态时，只能将主动句中的宾语变为被动句中的主语，宾补不可变为主语。如：They call me Jim. →I am called Jim.(不可说：Jim is called me.) 三、主语为疑问词的疑问句变为被动语态时，用“By+疑问词（宾格）”置于句首。如： Who broke the glass? →By whom was the glass broken? 四、祈使句变为被动语态时，要改为“Let +原宾语+be+过去分词”。如：Close the window. →Let the window be closed. 五、带宾语从句的复合句变为被动语态时，多用it作形式主语置于句首，原宾语从句成为真正主语（从句），从句中也需用被动语态。如：People said that Lin Feng could take good care of the baby. → It was said that the baby could be taken good care of by Lin Feng. 六、含有谓语动词know的主动句变为被动语态时，不用by短语，需by改为to。如： We all know the scientist. →The scientist is known to us all. 七、no one、nobody等否定代词作主语的句子变为被动语态时，谓语

主动语态改被动语态的方法

主动语态改被动语态的方法 1）将主动语态改为被动语态应注意以下三个方面： ①将主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语； ②将主动语态的谓语动词改为“be＋过去分词”结构； ③将主动语态的主语改为介词by之后的宾语，放在谓语动词之后（有时可省略）。 2）含直接宾语和间接宾语的主动语态改为被动语态时有两种情况： ①把间接宾语改为被动语态的主语，直接宾语仍保留原位； ②把直接宾语改为主动语态的主语，此时，间接宾语前要加介词to或for。如：He gave the boy an apple．→The boy was given an apple．（或An apple was given to the boy．）Her father bought her a present．→She was bought a present by her father．（或A present was bought for her by her father．） 3）不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的主动语态，改为被动语态时不定式前要加to。如：They watched the children sing that morning．→The children were watched to sing that morning． 4）带复合宾语的动词在改为被动语态时，一般把主动语态的宾语改为主语，宾语补足语在被动语态中作主语补足语。如：We call him Xiao Wang．→He is called Xiao Wang．He cut his hair short．→His hair was cut short．They told him to help me．→He was told to help me． 5）短语动词是不可分割的整体，改为被动语态时要保持其完整性，介词或副词不可遗漏。如：We must take good care of the young trees．→The young trees must be taken good care of． 6）含有宾语从句的主动结构变为被动结构时，通常用it作为被动结构的先行主语，从句放在句子后面；也可采用另一种形式。可以这样转换为被动结构的动词有know，say，believe，find，think，report等。如：People believe that he is ill．→It is believed that he is ill．（或：He is believed to be ill．） 1. 一般现在时的被动语态构成：is / am / are + 及物动词的过去分词 Our classroom is cleaned everyday. I am asked to study hard. Knives are used for cutting things. 2. 一般过去时的被动语态构成：was / were + 及物动词的过去分词

[精]主动语态变被动语态时所注意的问题

主动语态变被动语态时所注意的问题1. 把主动语态变为被动语态，其谓语动词的时态要与原句时态保持一致，其谓语动词的数要与新主语保持一致。 We have bought a new computer. A new computer has been bought. A new computer have been bought. （错误） 2. 含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时，可分别将其中的一个宾语变为主语，另一个不动，一般变间接宾语为主语时比较多 My uncle gave me a present on my birthday. I was given a present on my birthday. 如果把直接宾语(指物)改为主语，则在间接宾语(指人)前加适当的介词，如上句还可以说： A present was given to me yesterday. 注意：

1.一般在下列动词后，常在间接宾语前用介词to，如：bring, give, hand, lend, offer, pass, pay, promise, sell, show, take, teach, tell 等。 (1) The book was showed to the class. (2) My bike was lent to her. 2.一般在下列动词后，间接宾语前用介词for, 如：build, buy, cook, cut, choose, do, fetch, find, fix, get, keep, make, order, paint, play, sing 等。 (1) A new skirt was made for me. (2) The meat was cooked for us. (3) Some country music was played for us. 3. 由动词+ 介词或副词构成的短语动词，要把它们作为整体看，即把它们看成一个及物动词，介词或副词不可拆开或漏掉。这类动词有：不及物动词+ 介词，如: agree to, ask for, laugh at, operated on, listen to, look after, think of, talk about 等。 The patient is being operated on. T he problem is solved. It needn't be talked about.

主动语态变被动语态的方法

主动语态变被动语态的方法 1. 基本方法 将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语，将主动谓语变为被动谓语(be+过去分词)，将主动语态的主语变为by短语(在被动句中用作状语)： He stole our money.→Our money w as stolen by him. 【注】(1)若不强调动词执行者，被动语态中的by短语通常可以省略： The house was built in 1978. 这座房子是1978年建的。 (2)在转变语态时，要注意保持两种语态时态的一致性： The students will study the problem. →The problem will be studied by the students. A friend of ours is repairing the roof. →The roof is being repaired by a friend of ours. 2. 双宾动词的被动语态 双宾动词即指带双宾语的动词，它们在变为被动语态时，有以下两种情形值得注意： (1)有些双宾动词(如award, buy, give, leave, lend, offer, pay, show, teach, tell等)在变为被动语态时，既可把间接宾语(指人)变为被动语态的主语，而把直接宾语(指事物)保留下来(称为保留宾语)，也可把直接宾语(指事物)变为被动语态的主语，而把间接宾语改为介词to 或for引起的状语(到底用to还是for，与所搭配的动词有关)。比较： He gave her some money. 他给她一些钱。 → She was given some money. / Some money was given to him. He bought her a watch. 他给她买了一快表。 → A watch was bought for her. / She was bought a watch. (2)有些双宾动词(如bring, do, make, pass, sell, send, sing, write等)通常用直接宾语(指事物)作被动语态的主语，而将间接宾语用作保留宾语(其前根据情况用介词to或for)： Father made me a doll. → A doll was made for me. He wrote her a letter. → A letter was written to her. (3)有些双宾动词(如answer, deny, envy, refuse, save, spare等)通常用间接宾语(指人)作被动语态的主语，而将直接宾语用作保留宾语： He answered me that question. → I was answered that question by him.

主动语态变被动语态专题练习

主动语态变被动语态专题练习 一、将下列主动语态的句子变为被动语态 1.Teachers must take good care of the student. 2. Was another man-made satellite sent up into the space by them last week. 3.People plant many trees on either side of the street each year. 4.Li Lei mended the bike. 5. A famous American writer wrote the book Red Star Over China years ago. 6.Two years ago we used that machine to make shoes for children. 7. Ken is often heard to apologize to his teacher. 8.People there didn’t plant any trees last year. 9. We call him David. 10.We will plant some trees in the garden this year. 11. Do young people usually listen to pop music? 12.We should help the disabled people. 13. Jenny showed me the picture. 14.My mother gave me a dictionary as a birthday present.

(完整版)主动语态变被动语态的几种类型

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语变为被动结构的主语，宾语补足语保留不动。可充当宾语补足语的有名词、动词不定式、现在分词、过去分词、形容词、介词短语等等。如： 1.They call her Xiao Li.(主动结构，宾补为名词Xiao Li )~She is called Xiao LI.(被动结构) 2.They chose Tom monitor.（主动结构，宾补为名词monitor）~Tom was chosen monitor.（被动结构） 3.He told me to wait for you.（主动结构，宾补为不定式短语to wait for you）~I was told to wait for you.（被动语态） 4.I found him lying on the floor.（主动结构，宾补为现在分词短语lying on the floor)~He was found lying on the floor.（被动结构） 注意：在主动语态的句子中，谓语动词make的宾语补足语如果由动词不定式充当，则该动词不定式不带to。感官动词see，hear，watch等，也有这种用法。但当谓语动词是let时，其被动结构后的不定式仍不带to。例如： They made him go.（主动结构，宾补为不带to的不定式go)~He was made to go.（被动语态） They let John go.（主动结构）~John was let go.（被动结构） 三、含情态动词的主动结构变为被动结构

初中英语主动语态变被动语态的句子练习题及答案

被动语态 语态概述英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。女口: Many people speak English.谓语：speak 的动作是由主语many people来执行的。 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。所谓“被动语态”，相当于中文中常说的“被……”、“由……”的句式，女口：“他的自行车被偷了。”，再如：English is spoken by many people.主语English 是动词speak的承受者。 判断：看下面的两个例句，你来判断哪个是主动哪个是被动？ He ope ned the doo他开了门。( ____________ ) The door was ope ned'.l 被开了。 ( ____________ ) 二、被动语态的构成：be动词+Vp.p 被动特点强调宾，用be加上过去分。行为对象作主语，逻辑主语by来引。 1. English is ___________ (speak in Canada. 2. The blouse is ___________ (make) of silk. 3. English is ___________ (speak by many people. 谁做的动作不知道，说出谁做的没必要。动作承受者需强调，用被动语态莫忘了。 1. Some stamps were _________ (steal) last week. 2. The PRC was __________ (found) on October 1, 1949. 3. Football is __________ (play) in most middle schools. 被动语态须留意，P.P前面助动be. be + P.P am (is,are) 现在时，am (is,are) +P.P was和were 表过去。was (were) +P.P 完成have (has) been。have (has) been+P.P 将来，情态，be原形。will (can,may,mus) be+P.P 进行时态两个be,前表时态后加ing。am (is,are) +being+P.P 被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。凡是汉语中带“被”的句子，都能转换成英语的被动语态。三?几种常用时态的被动语态—— 1. 一般现在时：am/is/are+过去分词 肯定句：Bikes are __________ (sell) in that shop. 否定句：Bikes are not sold in that shop. 疑问句：Are bikes sold in that shop? Yes, they are. / No, they aren't. 2. —般过去时：was/were+过去分词 肯定句：He was __________ （save）in 1999.

主动语态与被动语态

主动语态与被动语态● 一.概念:主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。 ●二.被动语态的构成：助动词be+及物动词的过去分词 ●三.被动语态的时态:以为work 例: ●1. 一般现在时: am / is/are+ worked ●2. 一般过去时: was / were+ worked●3. 一般将来时: shall / will +be+ worked ●4. 过去将来时: should / would+ worked ●5. 现在进行时: am /is/are+ being+ worked ●6. 过去进行时: was /were+ being+ worked 7. 过去进行时: was/were +being +worked 8. 现在完成时: have/has+ been+ worked 9. 过去完成时: had +been+ worked 10. 将来完成时: shall/ will +have been +worked 11. 过去将来完成时: should/would +have been+ worked 12. 情态动词(can/may/must/should etc.)+be+动词的过去分词 ●四.用法： ●当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态。

五. 方法： ●Many people speak English.(主动语态) ●English is spoken by many people.（被动语态） 六.注意以下问题： ● A.带有双宾语的动词变为被动语态时，可以把其中一个宾语变为被动语态的主语，若将直接宾语(sth.)变为主语，须根据习惯在原间接宾语前加上介词to或for 用to的常见词有：give, show, send, lend, pass, pay, teach, throw, take, bring etc. 用for的常见词有：make, choose, sing, play, draw, save, buy, get, leave, cook etc. ●eg. ●1. Mary gave him some books. ●He was given some books by Mary. ●Some books were given to him by Mary. ●2. Her father bought her a new bike. ●She was bought a new bike by her father. ● A new bike was bought for her by her father. ●B.带复合宾语（宾语+宾语补足语）的动词变为被动语态时，只能将宾语变为被动语态的主语，宾语补足语不可变为主语。

初中英语主动语态变被动语态练习题及答案

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初中英语主动语态变被动语态练习题及答案

初中英语主动语态变被动语态的句子练习题及答案Ⅰ.把下列主动语态改为被动语态: 1．We often use a recorder in our English class. 2．They will show a new film next week. 3．When did they build the house? 4．I saw the boy enter the room. 5．Will they show a new film next week? 6．Have they posted the letter yet? 7．We often see him help his classmate. 8．You must turn off the light before you go to be.d 9．Who is repairing the bike? 10．The student should learn all the texts by heart. Ⅱ.选择填空: 1.The reading room ________ yesterday afternoon. A. cleaned B. is cleaned C. was cleaning D. was cleaned 2.The workers were made ________ ten hours a day. A. work B. to work C. working D. worked 3.Food ________ in a cool place in summer. A. must keep B. must n’t keep C. must be kept D. mustn’t be kept 4.His father ________ to work in Hong Kong 3 years ago. A. sent B. was sent C. has sent D. has been sent

主动语态变被动语态专项练习

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don’t make cars in this factory. she wash the clothes? 一般过去时的被动语态：was/were + V过去分词 built the Great Wall long ago. years ago we used the machines to make shoes for children. watched a match on TV. washed the car yesterday. teacher asked the student to bring some photos. sent a postcard to me yesterday. boys didn’t do their homework. you clean the room last night? 一般将来时的被动语态：is/am/are going to + be

主动语态变被动语态专项练习A4

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7. They don ' t make cars in this factory. 8. Does she wash the clothes? 一般过去时的被动语 态：was/were + V 过去分词 1. People built the Great Wall long ago. 2. Two years ago we used the machines to make shoes for children. 3. They watched a match on TV. 4. He washed the car yesterday. 5. The teacher asked the student to bring some photos. 6.She sent a postcard to me yesterday. 7. The boys didn 't do their homework. 8. Did you clean the room last night? 一般将来时的被动语态：is/am/are going to + be + V

如何把主动语态变为被动语态

如何把主动语态变为被动语态 一、主动语态和被动语态概说 英语的语态分主动语态和被动语态，主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，而被动语态则表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态由“助动词be+过去分词”构成： Everybody likes him. 大家都喜欢他。 (主动语态) He is liked by everybody. 他受到大家的喜欢。(被动语态) 二、主动语态变被动语态的方法 1. 主动语态变被动语态的基本方法 在将主动语态变为被动语态时，可按以下三个步骤：a. 把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。b. 把谓语变成被动结构(be＋过去分词) ，并根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式。c. 把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。在无须说明动作的执行者或只强调动作的承受者时，by短语可以省略。例如： All the people laughed at him. →He was laughed at by all people. They make the bikes in the factory. →The bikes are made by them in the factory. He broke the cup. → The cup was broken by him. 【注意】若不强调动词执行者，被动语态中的by短语通常可以省略： He was born in 1986. 他生于1986年。 What is this flower called? 这种花叫什么花? 2. 双宾动词的被动语态 双宾动词即指带双宾语的动词，它们在变为被动语态时，有以下两种情形值得注意： (1) 有些双宾动词(如award, buy, give, leave, lend, offer, pay, show, teach, tell 等)在变为被动语态时，既可把间接宾语(指人)变为被动语态的主语，而把直接宾语(指事物)保留下来(称为保留宾语)，也可把直接宾语(指事物)变为被动语态的主语，而把间接宾语改为介词to 或for引起的状语(到底用to还是for，与所搭配的动词有关)。比较： He gave her some money. 他给她一些钱。 → She was given some money. / Some money was given to him. He bought her a watch. 他给她买了一快表。 → A watch was bought for her. / She was bought a watch. (2) 有些双宾动词(如bring, do, make, pass, sell, send, sing, write等)通常用直接宾语(指事物)作被动语态的主语，而将间接宾语用作保留宾语(其前根据情况用介词to或for)： Father made me a doll. → A doll was made for me. He wrote her a letter. → A letter was written to her. (3) 有些双宾动词(如answer, deny, envy, refuse, save, spare等)通常用间接宾语(指人)作被动语态的主语，而将直接宾语用作保留宾语： He answered me that question. → I was answered that question by him. 3. 被动语态的时态 被动语态的时态由被动结构“be+过去分词”中的动词be来体现，其基本结构和用法如下： (1) 一般现在时的被动语态：am [is, are]+过去分词 English is taught in our school. 我们学校学英语。 We are taken good care of at school. 我们在学校受到很好的照顾。

主动语态变被动语态专项练习

主动语态变被动语态： 1、The teacher told the students a story. 2、Lucy invited me. 3、Lucy didn’t invite me to the party. 4、People shouldn’t build more buildings. 5、The firefighters have put out the fire. 6、We often lock the door when we leave home. 7、My mother always washes a lot of clothes on Saturday morning. 8、Who broke the cup? 9、We handed in our papers after the examination. 10、Did he fool his good friend? 11、He didn’t finish the test. 12、He will make a cake this afternoon. 13、Works make cars in Shanghai. 14、Farmers grow rice in the south of China. 15、I saw him go out. 16、The teacher noticed the boy fall asleep. 17、Who wrote the book? 18、The policeman caught the thief. 19、His mother told him not to waste time on fishing. 20、Father gave me a toy at Christmas. 21、They named the child Tom. 22、This factory produces machine tools. 23、They should do it at once. 24、Can his father help him fix up the bike? 25、When does he set the alarm clock? 被动语态变主动语态： 1.This song is often sung by us. 2. His leg was broken in the match by him. 3. Her house will be sold soon by her. 4. The machine is being repaired by him. 5. His work has been finished . 6. He is called Lao Wang. 7. Something must be done to help her by us. 8. What was said by the headmaster at the meeting? 9. I was given some old magazines by my teacher. 10. I was told to wait at the gate by my classmate.

主动语态变被动语态记忆口诀

主动语态变被动语态记忆口诀 一般情况要熟记， “be+过去分词”常用起， 过去现在只变be, 将来时态更易记， 前面用上will/would 即， 情态动词大家族， 写在其前就完毕， 完成时态不难记， have/had been + 过去分词， 进行时态要留意， be being + 过去分词， 特殊情况要心细， 感官、使役to 提起， 一般现、过用be done，be有人称、时、数变。 完成时态have done，被动将been加中间。 一般将来shall (will) do，被动变do为be done。 将来进行无被动，shall (will) be doing, 现在完成进行同，have (has) been doing。 现、过进行be doing, 被动be加being done。 情、助、有、是妥安排，一律随新主语变。 否定助后加not，疑问一助置主前。 主语恰是疑问词，直陈语序主在前。

一般情助加be done，双宾多将间宾变。 复合宾语宾变主，宾补、主补相应变。 第二句"be有人称、时、数变"即be有人称、时态和单、复数的变化。"情助"是指情态动词和助动词must，may，can，shall，will等一律随新主语(多是主动句中的宾语)来变化。"疑问一助置主前"是说有两个助动词的话，应把主语放在第一助动词之后或把第一助动词置于主语之前。下面详细举例说明之。 一般现、过用be done, be有人称、时、数变 例：1、主动：The children gave the foreign guests a warm welcome. 被动：The foreign guests were given a warm welcome by the children. 孩子们热烈地欢迎外宾。 2、主动：People regard him as brilliant. 被动：He is regarded as brilliant by people. 人们认为他很有才华。 以上两例都是一般时态用be done的例子，be有人称、时、数变，第三人称foreign friends 是复数，时态一般过去时，所以"be done"就是were given，而People regard him as brilliant一句，被动后的"be done"就变成单数第三人称is regarded的形式了。 被动： This speech was delivered by comrade Wang. (was delivered即一般过去时的被动态) 这篇讲演是王的发言。 There was a serious train accident near the border. Two people were killed and twelve were injured. 边境发生严重列车事故，二人死亡，十二人受伤。 A person who is truly honest is called a straight arrow. 直言不讳的人才是真正诚实的人。

英语的主动语态与被动语态

主动语态变与被动语态 一、主动语态变为被动语态的方法 1.简单句的主动语态变被动语态 (1) 通常的办法是：将主动结构中的宾语变为被动结构中的主语，将主动结构中的谓语动词变为“be / get +过去分词”形式，将主动结构中的主语变为介词by的宾语(若动作的执行者没有必要说明则可以省略该by短语)。如： Li Lei planted the tree last year. →The tree was planted by Li Lei last year. 这棵树是李蕾去年栽的。 Workers made the machines in Changsha. →The machines were made in Changsha. 这些机器是长沙造的。 (2) 将含有复合宾语的句子变为被动语态时，应将宾语变为被动结构的主语，而宾语的补足语则留在原处成为主语补足语。如： He painted the door green yesterday. →The door was painted green yesterday. 昨天门被漆成绿色了。 注意：表示“使、让”的动词make, have等，以及感官动词see, watch, observe, feel, hear, listen to, look at等，在主动语态中，接不定式做宾语补足语时，不定式前的to 要省略，而变为被动语态时，成为主语补足语的不定式，则必须带to。如： I saw him go into the teachers’office. →He was seen to go into the teachers’office. 看见他进入了教师办公室。 (3) 带双宾语的句子变为被动语态时，既可将直接宾语变为被动语态的主语，而在间接宾语前加to 或for留在动词之后；也可将间接宾语变为被动结构的主语，而直接宾语留在动词之后。但一般采用后一种用法。如(from https://www.sodocs.net/doc/9713855721.html,)： He gave me the pen last year. →I was given the pen last year. / The pen was given to me last year. 这支笔是去年给我的。 【说明】一般说来，间接宾语前带to的动词有：bring, give, hand, lend, offer, pass, post, send, show, take, teach, tell, write, throw等；间接宾语前带for的动词有：book, buy, call, cook, do, get, make, save等(from https://www.sodocs.net/doc/9713855721.html,)。 (4) 动词believe, consider, declare, expect, know, report, say, suppose, think等的被动语态，常有两种结构形式。如： He was said to get hurt in the car accident. 人们说他在车祸中受伤了。 It was said that he got hurt in the car accident. 人们说他在车祸中受伤了。 (5) 短语动词变被动语态时，短语动词后面的介词或副词不能省略。如： She has never been operated on before. 她从未动过手术。 The baby was looked after by her sister. 这婴儿由她的姐姐照顾。 His plan was laughed at by everyone. 他的计划大家都嘲笑。 2.复合句的主动语态变被动语态 复合句的主动语态变被动语态时，复合句中的主句和从句都须同时变为被动语态。如：Li Lei told us that the teacher praised him today. →We were told that Li Lei was praised by the teacher today. 有人告诉我们说今天李蕾受到了老师的表扬 二、用主动形式表被动含义 1.某些系动词，如feel, look, seem, appear, taste, sound, smell, prove, remain等用主动形式表示被动意义；主语通常是事物，且表示该事物本身具有某一固有特征。如：The material feels very soft. 这种料子摸起来很柔软。