科技英语翻译总复习答案
科技英语翻译总复习答案
总复习题(3~7章)
第三章
1. Other factors affect the configuration of the total system
其他因素影响整个系统的结构
2. In normal flight the hatch doors fair into the fuselage
正常飞行时，舱门与机身平整贴合
3. Energy can neither be created ,nor destroyed by any means known to man 用人们已知的方法，既不能创造能量也不能消灭能量
4. It is customary to refer to design levels as high or low on component complexity 习惯上根据部件的复杂程度把设计级称作高设计级或低设计级
5. The main economy of the system stems from the ability to move cars in a continues train without uncoupling
此系统的主要经济之处在于它能够移动列车的车厢而不必将他们脱钩分开
6. He is a stranger to the operation of the electronic computer
他对于电子计算机的操作是陌生的
7. A key element in system capacity planning is the financial cost of performance 系统能力计划中的关键因素是性能的经济成本
8 The assembler can expand the key words in the assembly code into their full instruction set
这种汇编程序能把汇编代码中的关键字扩展成完整的指令集
9 The flame does not touch the flask directly
烧瓶没有直接接触火焰
10. The study of the strength of solids involves the study of the defects in the crystalline structure
研究固体强度，就必须研究晶体结构中的缺陷
11. The problem was solved by the provision of a compensation jet
通过安装一个补偿喷头，解决了这个问题
12 The rusting of iron is the slow chemical combination of the elements iron and oxygen in moist atmosphere
铁元素生锈是铁元素和氧元素在湿空气中缓慢化合的现象
13. The decay or organic matter is a slow oxidation by oxygen in the air 有机物的腐烂是空气中氧引起的一种缓慢氧化过程
14. In order to improve a certain kind of battery , Edison spent almost ten years and made nearly 50000 experiments
为了改善一种电池的性能，爱迪生花了差不多十年时间，做了近50000次试验第四章
1. The rise in temperature could not have happened of itself
温度上升不可能是出于自身的原因
2. Be the shape of a baby complicated, it is possible to find out
its volume 不论物体的形状如何复杂，人们均可求出它的体积
3.The more energy we desire to send, the higher we make the voltage 要求输送的电能越多，就得使电压升的越高
4.The most typical humanlike characteristic of a robot is its arm 机器人最具人性化的特点是它的机械臂
5. In our studies of the implications for the First Law, we were able to see the importance 我们研究第一定律时，可以明白区分状态函数和路径函数的重要性。
6. The first job of an electron tube is to get the electrons apart from their nuclei 电子管的第一项工作就是使电子与其原子核分开。
7. The type of turbine usually rotates at a very low speed
这种汽轮机通常以非常高的速度运转。
8.Small objects such as dust particles and water droplets fall only small distances before losing most of their
acceleration
小对象例如微尘和水滴在丢失大多数之前落仅小距离他们的加速度 //ps:无答案
9. The same has happened to the central control system
中心控制系统也发生过同样的事故
10 .There’s hardly any room for any impurities in such a microfiber
在这种微纤维中，杂质几乎没有存在的可能。
11.His instances were Lennard and Stark, both of them were Nobel laureates but later because fervent followers of
Hitler
他举出勒纳德及史塔克为例子。这两个人都得过诺贝尔奖，但后来却成了狂热的希特勒信徒。
12.The primary function of a regulator is to supply constant pressure to each device 调节器的基本功能是给每个装置提供稳定的压力。
13. The best use of these equations is in checking the theoretical analyses using the other approaches
这些方程最大的用途是用来检验采用其他方法的理论分析。
14. It is desirable to characterize electrical noise as accurately as possible 需要尽可能准确地表征电噪声。
15. It is known that local weather can be affected within a few days by meteorological conditions thousands of miles
away from here
大家知道当地天气可能会影响在几天内几千英里以外的气象条件的来自于这里//ps:无答案
第五章
1 This seems to indicate that further research would be necessary. .这似乎表明进一步研究的必要性。
2 An a.c. Motor is similar in construction to a d.c. Motor.
交流电动机与直流电动机结构相似。
3 Natural environment can be easily ruined by inappropriate exploration. 开发不当容易毁坏自然资源。
4 Negative charges are moving counterclockwise.
负电荷按逆时针方向流动。
5 The average value of the voltage can be measured point by point. 电压的平均值可以逐点测量。
6 The problem of the materials is eased by the lower boiling point. 由于沸点较低，材料问题易于解决。
7 As a result, although there is minimal friction present, a lubricant is still absolutely essential.
因此，虽然有很小的摩擦，但润滑剂仍旧是必要的。
8 Removal procedure for left-hand and right-hand cyclic is essentially the same. 左右两边循环气缸的拆卸步骤基本上相同。
9 Substantially, anthecyanin, the pigment that turns leaves—and apples—red, is produced by sugars that remains after the nutrients are chocked off.
本质上，使树叶和苹果变红的色素——花色素苷——是营养去除后剩余的糖分产生的。
10 Massage will affect muscles throughout the body.
推拿将会对全身的肌肉组织产生影响。
11 In this test the major part is backed off electrically.
在此项实验中，主要部分被电补偿。
12 It is also good for shock and impact loads.
它还适用于振动和冲击载荷。
13 The term minimum life is also used to mean rating life.
最小寿命这个术语也指额定寿命。
14 Usually, a 2cm adjustment of the machine in enough to bring the pressure back to normal. 通常，把机器调整2cm就足以使压力恢复。
15 Statistics is a rather modern branch of mathematics.
统计学是一门相当新的数学分支。
16 Computers provide the means for greater speed and accuracy in working with ideas than had previously been
possible.
计算机提供了处理意念的手段，其速度和精确性都超过了以往所能达到的水平。
17 Less than a quarter of the energy of a human engine is converted into mechanical energy. 人体发出的不到四分之一的能量转变为机械能。
18 Hydrogen is the lightest gas, its density being 0.0894 g/l.
氢是最轻的气体，其密度为0.0894克/升。
第六章
1. The conductivity of polyacetylene drops rapidly in contact with air. 聚乙炔一接触空气，其导电性就迅速下降。
2. There is a brighter future for intelligent devices in the home. 家庭智能装置扔有着更加光明的前景。
3. The scientists found that the blood vessels in the leg cannot swell. 科学家们发现腿内的血管不会肿胀。
4. Once upon a time, bold claims were made about computers, the future and the “paperless office”.
曾几何时，有人就有关计算机、未来和“无纸化办公”做过大胆的预测。
5. The doctor advised against the use of the new treatment.
医生建议不要使用新的治疗方法。
6. If a good base cannot be found at a reasonable depth, then a so-called deep foundation must be provided.
若在合理的深度内找不到坚实的地基层，那就要采用所谓的深基础。
7. Magnetic lines of force cannot be seen, but we know they exist by what they do. 磁力线是看不见的，但是我们按照它们的作用即知它们的存在。
8. We may process directly with Kirchoff’s voltage law for the circuit.
对于电路，我们可直接从克希荷夫电压定律讲起。
9. The proper values of a and b are determined form two conditions. a和b的值由两个条件决定。
10. Optical communications are free from electromagnetic
interference 光电通信不受电磁的干扰。
11.This type of discrepancy，could have resulted from differences in kinetics.
这种差异可能是由动力的不同而造成的。
12. The visual image of the letters making up the word is converted into its spoken equivalent. 首先将组成词的各字母的视觉形象转换成该词的对应的发音。
13. Primitive man made weapons, tools, and utensils of
copper ,brass ,and bronze. 原始人类用铜、黄铜和青铜制作各种武器、工具和器皿。
14.the longer wavelengths of radio signals pass through the atmosphere relatively undisturbed. 相对来说，波长较长的射电讯号通过大气时没有受到干扰。
15.most hardness-testing systems employ a standard load which is applied to a ball or pyramid in contact with the
material to be tested.
多数的硬度实验系统使用一标准载荷加在与实验金属相接触的小球或棱锥上。
16.all metals are corrodible under the proper circumstances.
所有金属在一定情况下都是可腐蚀的。
17.the design of the rocket nozzle also has much to do with the behavior of the exhaust and the resulting velocity of
the vehicle itself.
火箭喷管的设计与排气的性能及飞行器本身的有效速度有很大关系。
18.peripheral milling operations are usually performed on milling machines with the spindle positioned horizontally;
however ,they can also be performed with end mills on vertical-spindle machines. 周铣作业通常在带有水平定位主轴的铣床上进行，但也可以在带有端面铣刀的主轴铣床上进行。
19.copper and aluminum are the best conductors of electric current only after silver. 铜和铝是仅次于银的最好的导体。
20.from various experiments we cannot but think the theory till holds good . 根据各种实验，我们不得不承认这个理论依然是性之有效的。
21.hydrogen is generated from zinc and sulfuric acid.
氢由锌和硫酸所产生。
22.the sort of fish cannot live in the temperate zone, let alone in the frigid zone. 这种鱼不适合在温带生活，更不必说寒带了。
23.the locomotive developed some new problems on its line-test .
这台机车在试运行时出现了一些新问题。
24.gases can be chemisorbed or physically absorbed on solids.
气体能化学吸附或物理吸附在固体上。
25.under ideal conditions the fatigue failure will consist of a spotting of the load-carrying surfaces.
在理想条件下，疲劳失效将是承载表面的点蚀。
26.Oxidation implies the combination of other elements with oxygen to form compounds. 氧化意味着其他元素与氧形成化合物。
第七章
Peripheral milling should generally not be done if the part can be ace milled. 如果部件可以端铣，一般不应进行周铣。
Face milling is done on both horizontal and vertical milling machines. 端铣在卧式和立式铣床上进行。
After fully relieving internal pressure,remove the nuts and bolts around flange joint of container. 内压完全消除后，拆下容器法兰盘四周螺母及螺栓。
All gases at 0? are found to gain 1 part in 273 of their volume when heated to 1?,so long as the pressure remains
constant.
只要压力保持不变，将0?的任何气体加热到1?，其体积就增加1/273.
If a catalyst was used,the reaction would occur more quickly.
如果我们使用了催化剂，反应可以进行得更快。
Loss of water causes the wood to shrink and become muck stiffer and harder. 失去水分使木材收缩，从而变得更坚硬。
A graph shows the relationship between two or more variables.
.曲线图表示两个或更多变量之间的关系。
Electricity is working everywhere,so everyone should know something about how it is generated and how it behaves.
到处都用电在工作，所以每个人必须了解一些有关电是如何产生的以及电的性能。
Applications vendors and users as well as the operating system developers will stand to benefit. 应用软件供应商、用户以及操作系统开发者均可受益。
The scientists look upon the cell as both the structural and functional unit of all life. .科学家们把细胞看作是整个生命的结构单位和功能单位。
The heat that warms a body does not change either the weight of the body or its inertia. 使一物体变暖的热，既不改变该物体的重量，也不改变其惯性。
The diesel engine requires neither an ignition system nor a carburetor. 柴油机既不需要点火系统，也不需要汽化器。
As the atoms approach, the splitting between the energy levels will be increased. 随着原子的接近，能极之间的分裂将增加。
An elastic material returns to its original shape after being forced out of that shape. 弹性材料在受压而改变其形状之后会恢复原形。
Strange as it may sound ,the heat of the sun can be utillzed to produce cold. 听起来虽然很奇怪，但太阳的热可用来制冷。
Thus the decision to use a fixed wing was one that had to made before an airplane could fly satisfactorily. 因此，首先必须决定使用固定机翼，然后才能造出令人满意地进行飞行的飞机。
The filament cannot oxidize in these gases, as they don't contain oxygen. 灯丝在这些气体中不会氧化，因为这些气体不含氧气。
Since radar waves differ in size from light waves, they act in a different way. 由于雷达波的尺寸和光波不同，所以作用也不同。
Such engines are also called internal combustion engines, because the fuel is burned in the cylinder. 这种发动机也称为内燃机，因为燃料在汽缸内燃烧。
A transformer is very useful device, even thought it can be used only with alternating current. 变压器是很有用的装置，虽然它只能用于交流电。
21. Outer ring shall be 30mm in diameter unless otherwise specified
除非另有规定，外圈的直径应为30毫米。
22. Don’t trim windshield to final size until all mounting holes have been drilled在安装孔全部钻完之前，不要按最
终尺寸修正防风玻璃。
23. Since there are different scales of temperature and different system of units, There are units of quantity of heat appropriate to these systems
由于有各种不同的温标和不同的计量单位，所以有与这些计量单位相应的热量单位。
24.Modern aircraft are so heavy that the wings must develop a very large lift force in order to sustain the aircraft.
现代飞机如此之重，以致要支撑住飞机，机翼必须产生极大的升力。
25.If all is satisfactory the load may be applied gradually till
full load is reached 如果一切情况良好，可逐渐加大载荷直至达到满载。
26.We don’t know exactly what causes the earth’s magnetism.
我们并不确定知道地磁现象是什么引起的。
27.When weight is given ,the location and the corresponding acceleration due to gravity should also be specified.
当重量给定时，则该地点和相应的重力加速度也就确定了
28.Gas molecules emit light while moving at high speed.
气体分子在高速运动时会发光。
29.Why the conversion of heat to work is different from that of work to heat is an important topic. 为什么热能转变为功不同于功能转变为热，这是一个重要额题目。
30.This explains why a gas always expands until it fills the vessel containing it.
这就说明了为什么气体总是要膨胀直到它充满装它的容器。
科技英语翻译考试题目
Part I: Translate the Chinese in the brackets into English. (15%) 1. ____________________(爱因斯坦相对论)is the only one which can explain such phenomena. 2. Rate of penetration was found to ____________________ (与……成正比) the net pressure applied by the tool. 3. Being a ______________(非良导体/绝缘体), rubber is often used in cables. 4. Properly speaking, ___________(并非所有的物质) exist in three states. 5. An electric current produces ______________(磁场) around it. 6. With the result of automation, productivity has ___ ___________ (增加了5倍) in that factory. 7. Copper and aluminum are the best conductors of electric current ______________(仅次于银). 8. The neutron has __________________(既不带正电荷，也不带负电荷). 9. When the water temperature is increased, it vaporized more quickly until it reaches ________（沸点）. 10. A __________(变压器) is a very useful device, even though it can be sued only with alternating current. Part Ⅱ: Choose the better rendition for each of the following sentences.(20%) 1.由于我在会上发表论文，如蒙介绍有关会议的详细情况，不胜感激。 A) Because I will deliver a thesis at the conference, I shall appreciate it very much if you could introduce to me the detailed condition of the meeting. B) As I will present a paper at the conference, I will be grateful if you could supply me with detailed information about the meeting. 2. 西安附上我提供会议的论文，题目是“动物克隆在中国”，一式三份，如果要发电子邮件以转录软盘，我可以立即发出。 A) I am enclosing herewith my paper of the topic of “Animal Cloning in China” one form in three B) I am enclosing, in three copies, my paper entitled “Animal Closing in China” for the conference. If req uired, I can send an e-mail for the disk right away. 3．核能发电，是在20世纪才发展起来的新事物。不幸的是，建立和维持核发电厂的成本很高，使得建设速度要比原先预料的慢许多。---中国的第一座核发电厂，是于20世纪后期建立在深圳，靠近香港。 A) Using nuclear energy to generate electricity is a new thing developed in the 20th century. What is unfortunate is that the costs of building and maintaining a nuclear power plant are very high, making the speed of construction much slower than previously predicted. ----China’s first nuclear power plant was built in the late 20th century at Shenzhen near Hongkong. B) The production of nuclear power is a new development of the 20th century. Unfortunately, the high costs of building and maintaining a nuclear power plant have led to a much slower rate of growth than was predicted. -----China’s first nuclear power plant was built in the late 20th century at Shenzhen near Hongkong. 4. 不少科学家论证说，三国演义里所说的“木牛流马”，可能是一些有相当复杂性的机器，其工作原理可说类似于今天的某些器械装置。 A) Quite a few scientists say by reasoning that the “wooden cows, running horses” described in the Romance of the Three Kingdo ms could be rather complex machines whose working principles can be said to be like certain mechanical devices of today. B) Quite a few scientists argue that the “wooden cows, running horses” described in the Romance of Three Kingdoms could be machines of sufficient complexity working on principles supposedly similar to certain present-day mechanical devices. 5. 摘要：本文简单叙述和分析了本实验室最近对猪流感病毒所作的两次实验的成果。 A) Abstract: The results of two experiments on swine flu virus are briefly described and analyzed. B) Abstract: this article simply states and analyzes the results of two experimental tests this laboratory recently performed in the research on swine flu virus. 6. 珠江三角洲在中国的南部，气候良好，交通系统效率高，一向工农业都在快速发展。 A) The Pearl River Delta is to the south of China. It has a nice weather and a highly efficient communication system. Both of its industry and agriculture
西南交大科技英语翻译期末考试复习题答案
1.Here great disturbances at the heart of the earth caused mountains and volcanoes to rise above the water. 这里，由于地心的剧烈活动，使山脉和火山升出水面。 2.After the Australian Taxation Office made its taxation forms simpler, it actually received praise from taxpayers who could finally understand it. 澳大利亚税务局将其表格文字简化后，受到了纳税人的广泛称赞，因为他们终于能看懂这些表格了 3.Although people are born to win, they are also born helpless and totally dependent on their environment. Winners successfully make the transition from total helplessness to independence, and then to interdependence. Losers do not. 虽然人们生来要成功，然而，他们同样生来就是无助的，完全依靠环境。成功者成功地从完全不能自立过渡到了独立，然后过渡到相互依靠。失败者则不然。 4.Darwin was convinced that the loss of the tastes in music and drawing was not only a loss of happiness, but might possibly be injurious to the intellect, and more probably to the moral character. 达尔文认为，失去对音乐和绘画方面的兴趣，不仅失去了幸福，而且还可能损伤智力，甚至可能会伤害道德。 5.No eating tools on the Chinese dinner table are more magical and distinctive than the chopsticks. 中餐桌上最神奇,最有特色的用餐工具莫过于筷子. 6.It is not on the shores of continents, nor in the coastal islands, however, that the soul of the great Pacific is found. It lies far out where the fabled South Sea Islands are scattered over the huge ocean like stars in the sky. 然而，浩瀚的太平洋最精美之处不在其大陆海岸，也不在沿海诸岛，而是在远离陆地的海域。在那里，富有神奇色彩的南太平洋诸岛像天上的繁星一样散布在广阔的海面上。 7.Circumstances and people are constantly changing. Some friendship last “forever”; others do not. 环境与人都在不断地改变。有些友谊地久天长，有些则如昙花一现。
科技英语翻译专业词汇-材料
Materials Science and Engineering arc welding 电弧焊 calcinations 煅烧 casting 熔铸 ceramic 陶瓷 chemical properties 化学性能 cold brittleness 低温脆性 colour liquid crystals 彩色液晶 congruent compound 合熔化合物 constant-deformation tests 定变形试验 Creep Strength 潜变强度 crystal pattern 晶体结构 data quartz fiber 数据石英光纤 die casting 拉模铸造 drawing & stamping 延轧 Dynamics of Forging System 锻压系统动力学 Edge Finish 边缘处理 Engineering Materials 工程材料 nano-material 纳米材料 ceramic 陶瓷 polymer 集合物 composite material 复合材料 biomaterial 生物材料semiconductor 半导体 conductor 导体 insulator 绝缘体 synthetic fabrics 合成纤维microstructures 显微结构 periodic table 周期表 Equipment for Heating Processing 热处理设备 Fatigue Test 疲劳测试 Features of Metal 金属的特性 Ferrous & Non Ferrous Metal 铁及非铁金属 forging 锻造 foundry 铸造 High Polymer Material & Processing 高分子材料及加工Impact Test 冲击测试 Intermetallic compound 金属间化物 Ionic Solids 离子晶体 Magnetic Transformation 磁性变态 Mechanic Testing of Engineering Materials 工程材料力学性能的测定Mechanical Property of Metal 金属机械性能 Metal Cutting Machine Tool 金属切削工具 Metal Erosion & Protection 金属腐蚀及防护 Metal Material Science 金属材料学 Metallic Solids 金属晶体Metallographic Techniques 金相技术Metallography 金属学 Metallography & Heat Treatment 金属学与热处理
科技英语综合教程课后谜底及课文翻译[资料]
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Part One Translate the Following into Chinese I Words Translation（例：laser 激光） 1、asbestos 石棉 2、camshaft 凸轮轴 3、resistor 电阻器 4、capacitor 电容器 5、transistor 晶体管 6、chemical 化学制品 7、heat-pipe 热管 8、heat-pump 热泵 9、steroid 类固醇 10、quantum 量子 11、mosaic 马赛克 12、bumper 缓冲器 13、resistance 电阻 14、contact 触点 15、waveform 波形 16、radwaste 放射性废物 17、nukes 核武器 18、LCD 液晶显示屏 19、SMS 存储管理服务 20、anode 阳极
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科技英语翻译 1.1 翻译的标准 第1节翻译练习1 The power plant is the heart of a ship. The power unit for driving the machines is a 50-hp induction motor. 动力装置是船舶的心脏。 驱动这些机器的动力装置是一台50马力的感应电动机。 第1节翻译练习2 Semiconductor devices, called transistors, are replacing tubes in many applications. Cramped conditions means that passengers’ legs cannot move around freely. All bodies are known to possess weight and occupy space. 半导体装置也称为晶体管，在许多场合替代电子管。 我们知道，所有的物体都有重量并占据空间。 空间狭窄，旅客的两腿就不能自由活动。 第1节翻译练习3 The removal of minerals from water is called softening. A typical foliage leaf of a plant belonging to the dicotyledons is composed of two principal parts: blade and petiole. 去除水中的矿物质叫做软化。 双子叶植物典型的营养叶由两个主要部分组成：叶片和叶柄。 1.2 对译者的要求 第4节翻译练习1 Einstein’s relativity theory is the only one which can explain such phenomena. All four (outer planets) probably have cores of metals, silicates, and water. 爱因斯坦的相对论是能解释这种现象的唯一理论。（直译） 这四颗外层行星的内核可能都由金属、硅酸盐和水构成。（意译） The designer must have access to stock lists of the materials he employs. Part adjustment and repair must be performed on regular basis if an acceptable printed product is to be the end product. 设计师必须备有所使用材料的储备表。（意译） 要使印刷品的质量达到要求，部件调试及修理就必须定期进行。（意译） 第4节翻译练习2 The most important of the factors affecting plant growth is that it requires the supply of water. The doctor analyzed the blood sample for anemia. The apparent change in size of the sun is caused by dust in the air near the horizon.植物生长的各因素中最重要的是水的供应。（合译） 太阳的大小看起来有变化，这是由于靠近地平线的空气中有尘粒而引起的。（分译） 医生对血样作了分析，看是不是贫血症。（分译） These fragments of rock and iron range from thousand kilometers in diameter to less than one. Manufacturing processes may be classified as unit production with small quantities being made and mass production with large numbers of identical parts being produced.这些石块和铁块的碎片大小不等，大的直径有1000公里，小的不到1公里。（分译） 制造过程可以分为单件生产和大量生产。前者指的是生产少量的零件，后者则是指生产大量相同的零件。（分译） 第4节翻译练习3 Cartography is the science of making maps. Many elements in nature are found to be mixtures of different isotopes. 制图学是研究绘制地图的科学。（增译） 人们发现，自然界里许多元素，都是各种不同的同位素的混合物。（增译） The two units used most frequently in electricity are ampere and volt: this is the unit of voltage and that of current. That like charges repel but opposite charges attract is one of the fundamental laws of electricity. 电学上最常用的两个单位是安培和伏特：后者是电压的单位，前者是电流的单位。（增译） 同性电荷相斥，异性电荷相吸是电学的一个基本规律。（省译） 第4节翻译练习4 Almost any insulated body processes to some extent the ability to retain for a time an electric charge. The angular contact bearing provides a greater thrust capacity. The properties of the weld can be altered by varying the grain orientation. 几乎任何一种绝缘体都多少具有保留电荷一段时间的能力。 向心推力轴承有较大的轴向承载能力。 通过改变晶粒的方向可以改变焊缝的性能。 2.1 词义的选择 第1节翻译练习1 The spindle rotates simultaneously round two axes at right angles to each other. The earth isn’t completely round; it is slightly flattene d at the poles. In each round of operation the particle picks up energy from the oscillating electric field. 锭子同时绕两个互相垂直的轴旋转。（介词） 粒子每运转一周都从振荡电场获取新的能量。（名词） 地球并非完全是圆的，它的两极略扁平。（形容词） An electron is an extremely small corpuscle with negative charge which rounds about the nucleus of an atom. Her waist measures forty inches round. 电子是绕原子核转动且带有负电荷的极其微小的粒子。（动词） 她腰围40英寸。（副词） 第1节翻译练习2 Rate of penetration was found to be proportional to the net pressure applied by the tool. Scientists are constantly striving to find fast and convenient way of obtaining quantitative data. To find the area of a square or oblong, you merely multiply its length by its width. Certain isotopes are not found in nature. 人们发现钻孔速度与工具所受的净压力成正比。 求一正方形或长方形的面积，你只需将其长度乘以宽度。 科学家们总是力求找到快速而简便的方法获得定量数据。 有些同位素在自然界中并不存在。 New fibers find expanding applications in engineering and industry. Kangaroos are found in Australia. This plant is found in the sea near the mouth of rivers. Microcomputers have found their application in the production of genius sensors. Plastics find wide application in our daily life. 大袋鼠产于澳大利亚。 这种植物生长在近河口的海中。 新发明的纤维在工程和工业领域得到越来越广泛的应用。 微型计算机已经应用于智能传感器的生产中。 塑料在我们的日常生活中得到广泛应用。 第2节翻译练习1 The cause of rolling resistance is the deformation of mating surfaces of the rolling element and the raceway on which it rolls. Traditionally, NC programming has been performed offline with the machine commands The occurrence of large mats of floating algae may result in the death of many fish from lack of oxygen. 滚动阻力的起因在于滚动体的配合面和它滚动的滚道的变形。（技术性引申） 通常，数控机床的编程是脱机完成的，指令载于穿孔带上。（技术性引申） 大片大片漂浮的藻类的出现导致很多鱼因缺氧而死亡。（修辞引申） The splitting of the uranium or plutonium nucleus is accompanied by the release of very considerable amount of energy. The major contributors in component technology have been in the semiconductor. The distance between the two plates is small compared with their linear dimensions. Just as different solids and liquids vary in density, so do gases and vapors. 元件技术中起主要作用的是半导体元件。（具体化引申） 两板之间的距离相对于其宽度和长度而言比较小。（具体化引申） 随着铀核和钚核的裂变，会有极其巨大的能量释放处理。（修辞性引申） 正像不同的固体和液体的密度不同一样，不同的气体和蒸汽的密度也不同。（具体化引申） The Curies believed that there was something in nature that gave out radiation. Obviously, there is much room for the improvement in the structure. At present coal is the most common food of a steam plant. The facts have been set down in black and white. 显然，其结构还有较大的改进余地。（抽象化引申） 目前，煤是火电厂最常用的能源。（抽象化引申） 居里夫妇坚信，自然界中有一种物质能放出辐射能。（具体化引申） 这些事实已经清清楚楚地记录下来了。（抽象化引申） 2.3 词类的转换 第3节翻译练习1 Each time a sample was drawn for color determination. What is certain is that the oil spill has delivered a devastating blow to the ecology of the Persian Gulf. We should get familiar with different systems of units. 每次取一个标本测定颜色。 可以肯定，这场石油泄漏事件对波斯湾的生态是个惨重的打击。 我们应该熟悉各种（计量）单位制。 These decision-making processes are applicable to the entire field of engineering design--- not just to mechanical engineering design. Hydrogen instead of air is frequently used for cooling large turbogenerators. When the war was over, it was discovered that the Germans were nowhere near success in developing nuclear weapons. 常以氢气代替空气来冷却大型汽轮发电机。 第二次世界大战结束后，人们发现德国人在研制核武器方面离成功还很远。 这些判定过程可以应用于工程设计的整个领域，而不仅仅限于机械工程设计。 Various precautions have been taken against leakage. Once inside the oven, panels are subjected to a temperature of 365°F. Value is defined as a numerical ratio, the ratio of the function, or performance, to the cost. This new model should appeal to potential buyers. 一旦进入烘干炉，板材就处于365华氏度的温度条件下。 价值的定义是功能或性能与成本的数值比。 已采取了各种措施防止渗漏。 这种新式样对潜在的买主肯定有吸引力。 Galileo’s experiments are not difficul t, nor is there any evidence that he performed them with exceptional skill. Sometimes a scientist observes an object and its features, for example a star or a bird; sometimes he observes an event, which is something that happens at a particular time. Earthquakes are generally more destructive of life than volcanic eruptions. 有时科学家观察一物体及其特征，例如一颗星或一只鸟；有时科学家观察某一事件，即在一特定时间所发生的事。 地震对于生命的破坏通常大于火山爆发。 伽利略的实验并不难，也没有证据表明他是以非凡的技能来做实验的。 Heat should be applied slowly to avoid localized overheating. How rapidly a fuel burns depends on how thoroughly it is mixed with oxygen or air. This is why a coil is often referred to as an inductor. 一种燃料燃烧的速度有多快，取决于它与氧气或空气混合的均匀程度。 这就是线圈常被叫做电感器的原因。 应当慢慢加热，以避免发生局部过热现象。 第3节翻译练习2 Practically all of the useful properties of materials are strongly dependent on their internal structure. The metal casts well. A wire for conducting electric current is covered with plastic; the plastic is insulation round the wire. 几乎材料的一切有用特性都与其内部的结构有密切的关系。 这种金属有良好的铸造性能。 传导电流的导线包有塑料，该塑料便是导线周围的绝缘材料。 There are many ways of determining the distribution of the magnetism about a magnet. Good lubrication keeps the bearings from being damaged. Safety in a power plant is of great importance. Most modern transmitters employ solid state circuits. 安全在电厂是非常重要的。 现代发报机大多采用固体电路。 有许多方法来确定磁场周围的磁力分布状况。 润滑良好可保护轴承不受损伤。 E-Chemmerce now offers two main levels of online business intelligence on chemical, plastic and energy e-commerce. These images tend to exaggerate the robot’s similarity to human anatomy and behavior. Aluminum remained an expensive rarity till the discovery of the electrolytic process for reducing aluminum in 1886. 这些概念常常夸大了机器人与人类在形体和行为方面的相似之处。 《电子化工商务》目前主要提供两个层次的有关化学、塑料和能源电子商务的在线商务信息服务。 直到1886年人们发现电解法还原铝之前，铝一直是一种昂贵的珍品。 Since some materials are not damaged easily as others, the possibility exists of developing radiation-resistant parts. 由于有些材料不像另一些那样容易被损坏，所以有可能研制出防辐射的零件。 2.4 词的增译 第4节翻译练习2 第4节翻译练习1 This action externally appears like the discharge of a capacitor. Once out of the earth’s gravity, an astronaut is affec ted by still another problem--- weightlessness.