新视野大学英语第四册第三版课后翻译全

亚里士多德是古希腊的哲

学家和科学家。他的作品涵盖了许多学科，包括物理学、生物学、动物学、逻辑学、伦理学、诗歌、戏剧、音乐、语言学、政治和政府，构成了第一个综合的西方哲学体系。亚里士多德是第一个将人类的知识领域划分为不同学科的人，如数学，生物学和伦理学。他相信人所有的观念和所有的知识在根本上都是基于感知能力。他对自然科学的看法构成了他许多作品的基础。他几乎对他所处时期的每一个人类知识领域都作出了贡献。他的作品包含了人们所知的最早的关于逻辑的正式研究，即使在今天，亚里士多德哲学所涵盖的方方面面仍是学术研究的重要课题。他的哲学对所有的西方哲学理论的发展有着经久不衰的影响。在去世2,300多年后，亚里士多德仍是最有影响力的哲学家和科

学家之一。

人们普遍认为，威廉莎士

比亚是最伟大的英语作家和世

界杰出的戏剧家。他的剧本被译成多种语言，并且比其他任何剧作家的作品都上演得多。莎士比亚的早期作品大多是喜剧和历

史剧。即使在今天，这些作品仍是同类作品中的杰作，享有绝佳声望。后来莎士比亚的创作主要是悲剧，其中一些作品，如《哈姆雷特》和《李尔王》，为其在

整个西方文学界赢得了声誉。莎士比亚最显着的特点是其精彩

的语言运用及具有普遍意义的

主题。他创造了数千个英语词汇，其中许多已经深植于英语中。他的作品主题具有普遍意义，所以能够数代流传，激发世界各地读者和观众的想象力。数世纪以来，

莎士比亚影响和激励了许多作

家。其作品至今依旧广受欢迎，

在世界各地的文化中被不断地

研究、上演和诠释。莎士比亚将

继续对未来的剧作家、小说家、

诗人、演员和学者产生巨大影响。

The Doctrine of the Mean

is the core of Confucianism.

The so-called \by Confucius

doesn't mean \but a \and \way

when understanding and

handling objective things.

Confucius advocated that this

thought should not only be

treated as a way to understand

and deal with things but also

be integrated into one's

daily conduct to make it a

virtue through

self-cultivation and

training. The Doctrine of the

Mean is not only the core of

Confucianism but also an

important component of

traditional Chinese culture.

From the time it came into

being to the present, it has

played an invaluable role in

the construction of national

spirit, the transmission of

national wisdom, and the

development of national

culture.

近年来，随着计算机科学

和互联网技术的发展，社交网络

服务（SNS）已经成为人们构建

社交网络和社会关系的一个广

受欢迎的平台。SNS是基于网页

的服务，允许个人创建面向公众

的个人简介，创建用户名单以分

享社会联系，并对系统内的关系

网进行浏览和交叉连接。社交网

站多种多样，可整合各种新的信

息及通讯工具，并允许用户跟网

络中的其他人分享观点、图片、

帖子、活动、事件以及兴趣爱好

等。 SNS已通过各种方式影响到

人们的社会生活以及社交活动。

随着各种移动设备对SNS访问的

实现，只要能连接上互联网，用

户在世界上的任何地方都能一

直与朋友、亲戚及其他认识的人

保持联络。 SNS还可让拥有相同

兴趣和信念的人通过群组或其

他页面建立联系，同时，由于其

网络分布广阔，还能让失散的家

庭成员或朋友重新团聚，这点早

已为人所知。

The four great classic

Chinese novels are Romance of

the Three Kingdoms, Outlaws

of the Marsh, Journey to the

West and A Dream of Red

Mansions. All the four novels

were written during the

period from the late Yuan and

early Ming dynasties to the

Qing Dynasty. They all

reflect various aspects of

ancient China, including

political and military strife,

social conflicts and cultural

beliefs. The four novels are

of supreme artistic standards,

representing the peak of

China's classic novels. Lots

of the characters and scenes

in the books are well-known in

China and have exerted

profound influences on the

ideology and values of the

entire nation. Highly

valuable for the research of

China's ancient customs,

feudal system, and social

life, the four classic novels

are precious cultural relics

of China as well as the human

society as a whole.

In recent years, with

the rapid development of

Internet technology, the

Internet economy has become a

hot issue. As represented by

the promising E-commerce, the

Internet economy has become a

strong driving force for the

economic development. Our

government attaches great

importance to developing the

Internet economy and proposes

the concept of \Plus\aiming

to integrate Internet with

other industries, such as

health care, transportation,

education, finance, and

public service. This will

create great potential and

broad prospects for the

development of the Internet

economy. With the

implementation of the \is

certain to be integrated with

more traditional industries

and help build %upgraded

version of the Chinese

economy

巴洛克建筑是一种建筑风格，兴盛于16世纪晚期至18世纪中期的欧洲。它由意大利文艺复兴时期的建筑发展而来，当时文艺复兴建筑师开始对过去200多年来一直沿用的对称的、一成不变的旧建筑形式感到厌倦，开始建造醒目的、具有曲线性而非对称的巴洛克建筑。巴洛克风格的建筑有一些共同特征。大理石、镀金、青铜是巴洛克建筑师大量使用的材料。椭圆形是巴洛克建筑最鲜明且十分常见的

形状。戏剧性的光照运用

也是其重要特征，主要是通过强烈的光影对比或由窗户进入的

均匀光线来实现。丰富的色彩和装饰运用也很常见，这从天花板上的大幅壁画中可以看出。巴洛克建筑通常正中还有一个相当

大并且向外突出的部分，梨形的拱顶也十分常见。最着名的巴洛克建筑包括英国的圣保罗大教

堂和法国的凡尔赛宫。杰安劳伦佐贝尼尼和弗朗西斯科博罗米

尼是巴洛克时期两位主要的建

筑师。

文艺复兴是一场影响巨大

的文化运动。它在现代欧洲史的开端时期开创了一个科学革命

和艺术变革时代。它始于意大利，之后蔓延到欧洲其他国家。它紧接在中世纪之后，贯穿14至17世纪。文艺复兴时期的特点是，人们对古希腊和古罗马时期的

古典知识、智慧和价值观重新焕发了兴趣。文艺复兴时期的学者在学术中采用人文方法，在艺术上追寻现实主义和人类情感。科学家们不再一味地接受教堂传

播的说教。相反，他们通过观察和实验来研究自然世界。同样，艺术家们将数学和光学运用到

绘画、雕塑及其他艺术形式中，从而发展出新技术，并取得了更高水平的艺术效果。文艺复兴深刻地改变了现代早期的欧洲知

识界。它通过对古代文献的重新发现，触发了古典知识和整个欧洲文化的重生。文学、哲学、艺术、政治、科学及其他许多领域都能感受到它的影响

Suzhou gardens are the most outstanding representatives of classical Chinese gardens. Most of them were privately-owned. The gardens first appeared in the Spring and Autumn Period, developed in the Song and Yuan dynasties, and flourished in the Ming and Qing dynasties. By the

late Qing Dynasty, Suzhou had got

as many as over 170 gardens of

diverse styles, winning it the

name \60 gardens are kept in good

condition, of which more than 10

are open to the public. The

Surging Wave Pavilion, the Lion

Grove Garden, the Humble

Administrator's Garden and the

Lingering Garden are called the

four most famous gardens in

Suzhou, representing the

artistic styles of the Song, Yuan,

Ming and Qing

dynastiesrespectively. Suzhou

gardens are assemblies of

residences and gardens, which

makes them suitable places for

living, visiting and

appreciating. The architectural

principles of the gardens are a

demonstration of the lifestyles

and social customs of the ancient

Chinese people in the south of the

Lower Yangtze River. Suzhou

gardens are not only a product of

Chinese history and culture, but

also a carrier of traditional

Chinese ideology and culture. In

1997, Suzhou gardens were

inscribed on the World Heritage

List by UNESCO.

Chinese civilization

once had a significant

influence on world

civilization. With the

development of our country's

economy and the rise of her

international status in

recent years, Chinese culture,

which has a long history, is

once again attracting global

attention. More and more

Chinese cultural elements

provide inspiration for and

become popular subjects

of fashions, literature and

movies around the world. This

shows that the world needs

Chinese culture. It was in

this context that China

decided to implement the

\with the rest of the world.

After several years' efforts,

great achievements have been

made in this respect.

\Exporting\has greatly

promoted the development of

our cultural industries. It

is becoming an effective

approach through which China

enhances her national image

and comprehensive strength.

欧洲联盟（欧盟）是一个

有28个欧洲国家组成的经济和

政治联盟。它建立了一个包含所

有成员国，领土的统一市场。这

一“内部”市场是欧盟的主要经

济引擎，它使商品、资本、服务

和人员可以自由流动。欧盟的预

算资金来源是每个成员国的国

民总收入的一定百分比。其资金

用于多种活动项目，包括提高贫

困地区的生活水平，确保食品安

全及支持农村发展和环境保护

等。欧元是大多数欧盟国家的通

用货币。已有十八个成员国加入

了欧元区，用欧元作为单一货币。

今天欧盟是世界上一支重要的

贸易力量，它的人口占世界人口

的7%，但它与世界其他地区的贸

易占全球总进口量的20%，在其

最初的几十年中，欧盟取得了显

着的成就，尽管仍然需要跨越一

些现实和潜在的政治障碍，但是

随着时间的推移，持续增强的经

济融合有望提升欧盟成员国之

间的政治统一。

Boao forum for Asia is a

non-governmental, non-profit

international organization,

which was initiated by twenty

five Asian countries and

Australia and officially founded

in 2001. The organization’s

headquarter is in Boao Town in

china's Hainan Province. With

equality, mutual benefit

corporation and win -win as its

objectives, BFA is devoted to

promoting economic exchanges,

coordination and, cooperation

between Asian countries as well

as enhancing dialogues and ties

between Asia and other parts of

the world. The forum provides a

high-level platform where

governments, businesses and

scholars from relevant countries

discuss Asian and global affairs.

Through further regional

economic corporation, BFA will

facilitate the realization of

Asian countries goals of

development and contribute to a

new Asia that boast greater

prosperity, stability and peace.

国际原子能机构是世界核

领域的合作中心，1957年，他被

当成世界性的“原子能为和平服

务”组织而被建立，成为联合国

中机构中的一员。该机构与其成

员国及世界各地的众多伙伴合

作，拥有共同的目的，即为促进

安全、稳定、和平的核技术发展而努力。作为一个跟联合国体制相联系的独立世界性组织，国家原子能机构与联合国的关系是

有特定协议规定的。就其章程而言，每年国际原子能机构都要向联合国大会汇报工作，如果有哪些成员国不遵守或其维护义务

或涉及国际和平安全相关事宜，他们会适时向安理会汇报情况。奥地利的维也纳是国际原子能

机构秘书处的总部，行动小组区域办公室分别设在瑞士日内瓦、美国纽约、加

拿大多伦多和日本东京。国际原子能机构的使命，以成员国的利益和需要为指南，战略计划和前景规划都体现在其中。国际原子能机构的使命，深受三个主要支柱或工作范围支配，他们分别是安全保障、科学技术、保卫核实。

Urban-rural integration is a new stage of China's modernization and development of urbanization. It is based on the unified planning of urban and rural development and through the system reform and policy adjustment it aims to break the urban and rural do economic structure, in order to, achieve, equal policy store for, the urban and rural duel economic structure in order to achieve equal policies of the urban and rural areas and realize complimentary developing patterns, enabling the rural residents to enjoy the same level of civilization and equal benefits with the urban residents. The integration of urban and rural area is a significant and profound social reform that makes development of the entire

urban-rural economy comprehensive, coordinated, and sustainable. Only by promoting urban-rural integration, and by properly handling the relationship between urban and rural area, strengthening urban-rural cooperation, and narrowing the gap between urban and rural areas, can we guarantee that our country will achieve the grand goal of building a well- off society in an all-round way by 2020.

退学之后挣个一两百万已经成为年轻创业者的标签。人们感到很惊讶，退学之后成为富翁的人数是如此之多。史蒂夫.乔布斯仅在里德学院上了一个学

期就退学，之后成了美国最强大最有影响力的企业家之一;比尔.盖茨退学以后创立了自己的软

件公司，并成为微软的首席执行官;马克.扎克伯格从哈佛大学

退学，专心致力于自己的项目创立了脸书公司。却是这些亿万富翁都在高等教育阶段退学，而且赚了很多钱，但它们是例外，并非常规。需要注意的是，退学并不是他们致富的原因，勤奋、专注和热情才是他们成功的秘诀。因此上学并获得学位是非常重

要的。当然了，除非你有能够改变一个行业的绝妙想法，并且即使没有学位就拥有所需要的技能，那样的话，就大胆的退学创业吧。而是事实，很多退学的人都不如那些拥有学位的人成功。

In recent years，the social development and changes in employment situation have put higher requirements on college students.Instead ofconfining themselves to the knowledge in books, more and more college students, are stepping out of the “ivory tower” and taking an active part in social practice in their spare time.Through social practice, college students can have a deeper understanding of society, increase their sense of social responsibility, and improve their analytical and problem-solving

abilities.Meanwhile, taking part in social practice can also help students, recognize their own weaknesses and have a clear idea about their future directions.All these benefits will help them build up social and work experience, which will lay a solid foundation for them in finding jobs or starting

their own businesses in the future.