(英语)翻译练习及解析

（英语）翻译练习及解析

一、高中英语翻译

1．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given inthe brackets.

1．美食是人们造访上海的乐趣之一。（visit）

2．街头艺术家运用创意将鲜艳明亮的色彩带进了老社区。（bring）

3．在你生命中，如果有一个人你需要对他说对不起，那么就去向他道歉吧。（apology）4．这个游戏的独特之处在于它让孩子学会如何应对现实生活中的问题。（what）5．申请材料需要精心准备，这样你心仪的学校才会对你的能力有全面、准确地了解。（inorder that）

【答案】

1．Delicious food is one of the pleasures when people visit Shanghai.

2．Street artists bring bright and vivid colors into older neighborhoods with originality3．If there is someone to whom you need say sorry in your life, make an apology to him.4．What makes this game peculiar lies in that it teaches kids how to handle the problems in reallife.

5．The applications should be carefully prepared in order that the school you like can have anoverall and accurate knowledge of your abilities.

【解析】

【分析】

1．本句重点考察两个知识点。一个是乐趣之一，说明此处的乐趣应该用复数，必须是可数名词，因此选择pleasure。另一个是题目中给出的visit，需要谨慎处理，是用做动词还是名词。此处我们给出一个时间状语从句when people visit Shanghai，同时还可使用其他从句进行处理。所以答案是Delicious food is one of the pleasures when people visit Shanghai.2．本题难度不大，重点是明亮的

色彩的表达，可以使用bright colors,也可以使用brightand vivid colors.所以答案是Street artists bring bright and vivid colors into older neighborhoodswith originality

3．本题考查there be +定语从句从而构成条件状语从句。另外考察“道歉”用“make apologyto sb.”。所以答案是If there is someone to whom you need say sorry in your life, make anapology to him.

4．本题考察what引导的主语从句，以及“be peculiar to”的用法。所以答案是What makesthis game peculiar lies in that it teaches kids how to handle the problems in real life.

5．本题主要考固定词组的掌握，为了使用in order that引导出的目的状语从句。另外也考查preferred school，have…knowledge/ understanding of…，overall，accurate等。所以答案是The applications should be carefully prepared in order that the school you like can have anoverall and accurate knowledge of your abilities.

【考点定位】翻译句子

2．高中英语翻译题：TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthe brackets.

1．今年元旦我们玩得很开心。(enjoy)

2．舅舅昨天寄给我一张卡片，祝贺我18岁生日。(congratulate)

3．经过多年的建设，这个小镇现在和地震前一样充满了活力。(as...as)

4．演出以一段五十多岁的人耳熟能详的经典音乐开始。(familiar)

5．她一看完那个关于已灭绝物种的电视节目，就立志加入野生动物保护组织。(No sooner)

【答案】

1．We enjoyed ourselves this New Year’s Day this year.

2．My uncle sent me a card yesterday to congratulate / congratulating me on my 18th

birthday.3．Afteryearsof/years’c onstruction,thelittletownisnowaslivelyasitwasbefore theearthquake / it

used to be before the earthquake.

4．The performance began with a piece of classical music which was familiar to people in theirfifties.

5．Nosoonerhadshe watchedtheTVprogramontheextinctspeciesthanshemadeuphermind to join the wildlife protection organization.

【解析】

1．根据“今年元旦”可知，该句用一般过去时，玩得很开心用词组enjoy oneself

2．根据“昨天”可知，该句用一般过去时，congratulate的用法是congratulatesth或者congratulate sb on sth

3．根据“经过多年的建设”可知，后面描述的是建设后的情形，即现在的情形，因此用一般现在时，as..as..的用法是形容词或者副词放在中间。

4．根据句意可知，演出已经开始了，事情发生在过去，因此用一般过去时，familiar的用法是sb be familiar with sth或者sth be familiar to sb

5．no sooner的句型为no sooner ...than,因为no sooner是否定词，因此no sooner后面要用部分倒装的句式。

3．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given inthe brackets.

1．这个专家所推荐的方法被证明是十分有效的。（prove)

2．对国家来说，保护生态环境和保持经济增长同样重要。（as...as)

3．如果有朝一日，学生能亲自参与到课程开发中，那该有多棒啊！（involve)

4．这本新发行的杂志不仅会影响青少年对时尚的看法，还会开启健康饮食的新潮流。(Notonly)

【答案】

1．The method recommended by the expert proved (to be) very effective.

2．For/To a country, protecting the environment is as important as maintaining economic growth.3．How great it is if one day students can be involved in the development of courses on theirown.

4．Not only will the newly-released magazine influence teenager's opinions on fashion, but alsoit will start a new trend towards a healthy diet.

【解析】

【分析】

本题考查翻译句子，注意按括号内的要求翻译。

1．考查非谓语动词和prove的用法。The method与recommend之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动，用过去分词作后置定语，prove用作连系动词，prove(to be)+adj表示“（被）证明是……的”，语境表明事情发生在过去，应该用一般过去时，故翻译为：Themethod recommended by the expert proved (to be) very effective

2．考查非谓语动词和as...as的用法。根据句意可知本句用动名词作主语，谓语动词用单数，as+adj+表示“同……一样……”，陈述的是客观事实，应该用一般现在时，故翻译为：For/To a country, protecting the environment is as important as maintaining economic growth.3．考查感叹句和条件状语从句。根据句意可知本句用how+adj+it is形式的感叹句，同时用if引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”，be involved in表示“参与”，故翻译为：How great it is ifone day students can be involved in the development of courses on their own.

4．考查倒装。not only…but also表示“不但……而且”，注意not only和but also后面都有主谓结构时，如果not only位于第一分句主语之前，则该分句要部分倒装；后一个分句，即but also后面不用倒装，故翻译为：Not only will the newly-released magazine influenceteenager's opinions on fashion, but also it will start a new trend towards a healthy diet.4．高中英语翻译题：TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthe brackets.

96．今年除夕你计划在哪里过？(plan)

97．下雨天上海的道路总是比平时更拥堵。(than)

98．是一个外国人不顾自己的安危救了那个轻生的男子。(It)

99．那天傍晚我一走出校门就遇到了一个多年不见的小学同班同学。(No sooner)100．无论谁想要成功必先明白这个道理“成功来自艰苦的付出和坚持不懈”。(Whoever)

【答案】

1．Where are you planning to celebrate the New Year’s Eve this year?

97．Roads in Shanghai always get/become more crowded /hold up more traffic than usual onrainy days.

98．It was a foreigner that/who saved the man trying/who tried to kill himself/ commit suicidewithout considering his own safety.

99．NosoonerhadIlefttheschoolthatearlyeveningthanImetwith/bumpedinto/ca meacross/encountered a classmate of mine in primary school (whom) I hadn’t seen for ages/years.100．Whoever wants to be successful should first understand the principle that success comesfrom hard effort/work and persistence/perseverance

【解析】

1．本题提示词为plan，除夕翻译为“New Year’s Eve”。

97．本题考查比较级，“比平时”翻译为“than usual”.

98．本题考查强调句、定语从句和非谓语的翻译。首先强调句结构“it

is(was)…that/who”；那个轻生的男子,需要处理为定语从句，翻译为“themanwhotriedtokillhimself/commitsuicide”;不顾“without considering”.

99．倒装句和定语从句的翻译。一…就“No sooner had sb．done sth．than sb．did sth.”;多年不见的小学同学可以处理成定语从句，翻译为“(whom) I hadn’t seen for ages/years.”；100．本题考查主语从句和同位语的翻译，句子结构比较复杂。首先“无论谁想要成功”用主语从句“Whoeverwantstobesuccessful”。其次，“这个道理“成功来自艰苦的付出和坚持不懈”这半句话涉及使用同位语从句。理清关系后，本句也并没有想象中那么复杂。

5．高中英语翻译题：Translation

1．只有你尊重了别人，你才有可能从别人那里得到同样的尊重。(Only)

2．虽然遭到父母的强烈反对，当他绝不会放弃追求自己的梦想。(despite)

3．迄今虽说屡屡采取严控措施，但绝大多数人仍然觉得难以承担目前的高房价。(majority)4．虽然妇女对社会的贡献有目共睹，但对妇女的歧视仍然存在，并可能持续很长的一段时间。(obvious)

【答案】

1．Only when you show respect for others will you be likely to receive the same respect fromothers.

2．Despite the fact that his parents strongly disagreed with him. he would never give uppursuing his dream.

3．Although it is said that serious measures have been taken for many times up till now a largemajority of people still find it hard to afford the high housing price.

4．Although women’s contribution to the society is obvious, the discrimination against womenstill exists and it will last for a long time.

【解析】

【分析】

本题考查翻译句子，注意使用括号内的提示词进行翻译。

1．考查倒装。根据提示词和句意可知本句使用倒装句，当only+状语位于句首时，其后要采用部分倒装，同时要遵循主将从现原则，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，故翻译为：Only when you show respect for others will you be likely to receive the same respect fromothers.

2．考查让步状语从句和同位语从句。根据提示词可知本句用despite引导让步状语从句，despite是介词，其后接名词而不能接句子，所以用that引导的同位语从句解释说明fact的具体内容，故翻译为：Despite the fact that his parents strongly disagreed with him, he wouldnever give up pursuing his dream.

3．考查让步状语从句和固定句式。根据句意可知本句用although引导让步状语从句，it issaid that…表示“据说”，“采取严控措施”发生在过去并对现在产生影响，用现在完成时，同时“find it+hard+to do”表示“发现很难……”，故翻译为：Although it is said that seriousmeasures have been taken for many times up till now a large majority of people still find it hardto afford the high housing price.

4．考查让步状语从句。根据句意可知本句用although引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管”，陈述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，故翻译为：Although women’s contribution to the society isobvious, the discrimination against women still exists and it will last for a long time.

6．高中英语翻译题：Translation

1．阅读诗歌译本就如同穿着雨衣淋雨，你永远无法感知到水滴的碰撞。(like)

2．为了抹去过往的痛苦回忆，她决定将所有他的信件付之一炬。(wipe)

3．他文科很棒，所以很有机会被他心仪的大学录取。(stand)

4．他的言论使得一件之前无人问津的小事变成了所有人现在都不得不关注的国际事件。

(to which)

【答案】

1．Reading a translation of a poem is like wearing a raincoat in the rain, you can never feel thecollision of water droplets.

2．In order to wipe the painful memories, she decided to set all his letters on fire.

3．He stands out in liberal arts, so he has a good chance of getting admitted to the university hewants.

4．His comments turned a small matter that no one had cared about before into an internationalevent to which everyone now has to pay attention.

【解析】

1．“阅读诗歌译本”用动名词作主语，like意为“像”，是介词，后面接名词或动名词作宾语。故翻译为：Reading a translation of a poem is like wearing a raincoat in the rain, you cannever feel the collision of water droplets.

2．表示“为了”，可用“in order to do”或“to do”结构，“抹去”是wipe，“决定做某事”是decide to do。故翻译为：In order to wipe the painful memories, she decided to set all hisletters on fire.

3．表示“很棒”，可用“stand out”。“被……录取”可用“be admitted to”表示。定语从句用hewants表示。故翻译为：He stands out in liberal arts, so he has a good chance of gettingadmitted to the university he wants.

4．表示“使……转变成……”，可用turn…into…。表示“关注”，可用pay attention to。用定语从句来修饰a small matter和an international event。故答案为His comments turned a smallmatter that no one had cared about before into an international event to which everyone nowhas to pay attention.

7．高中英语翻译题：Translate tho following sentences into English, using the words given inthe brackets

1．据报道这场森林大火吞噬了42条生命,摧毁了7000多幢房腿(It)

2．我国正在全力以赴促进经济与结构调整。(promote)

3．只有车记使备中国才能早日实现。(Only)

4．许多中国的航空公司允许乘客在飞行过程中使用手机,这意味我们可以在空中玩喜欢的游戏了。(allow)

【答案】

1．It was reported that the forest fire had killed 42 people and destroyed over 7000 buildings.2．Our country is going all but to promote economic and structural adjustments.

3．Only when we keep the mission in mind can the Chinese dream be realized as soon aspossible.

4．Many Chinese airlines allow passengers to use their smart phones during the flight, whichmeans we can play our favorite games in the air.

【解析】

1．考查形式主语。It was reported that据报道，该句型是固定句型，其中it 是形式主语，that引导的主语从句中，使用过去完成时，故翻译为It was reported that the forest fire hadkilled 42 people and destroyed over 7000 buildings.

2．考查时态和动词。表示正在进行的动作，用现在进行时，promote是及物动词，后面直接接宾语，故翻译为Our country is going all but to promote economic and structuraladjustments.

3．考查部分倒装。以“only+它所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句”位于句首时，常使用部分倒装，故翻译为Only when we keep the mission in mind can the Chinese dream be realizedas soon as possible.

4．考查固定句型和非限制性定语从句。allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事，该句型是固定句型。这里含有一个非限制性定语从句，修饰整个主句内

容，故翻译为Many Chineseairlines allow passengers to use their smart phones during the flight, which means we can playour favorite games in the air.

8．高中英语翻译题：Translation

1．这些保存完好的历史建筑可以追溯到16世纪60年代。(date)

2．John难得去老师那儿寻求帮助，他觉得自学会使自己受益更多。(Seldom)

3．基于个人消费历史的网上年度账单可能会带来隐私泄露问题。(bring)

4．近年来医患关系成为了社会热点，解除病人痛苦正是医生职责，病人也应充分信任与理解医生。(relieve)

【答案】

1．These well-preserved historic buildings can date back to the 1560s.

2．Seldom did John ask teacher for help, and he thought that teaching himself would be morebeneficial.

3．Only a yearly bill based on personal consuming history may bring about the leak of privateproblem.

4．Recently, the relationship between doctors and patients has become a social hot point, butrelieving the Patients’ pain is doctor's responsibility and the patients should fully believe andunderstand the doctors.

【解析】

1．考查date back to的用法。根据句意及提示词可知，此处使用词组dateback to“追溯到”，该词组没有被动语态，常使用一般现在时。故译为：These well-preserved historicbuildings can date back to the 1560s.

2．考查seldom引导倒装句的用法。seldom位于句首时，后面需要部分倒装；根据句意可知，此处描述的是过去的动作，应使用一般过去时和过去将来时。故译为：Seldom didJohn ask teacher for help, and he thought that teaching

himself would be more beneficial.3．考查bring about的用法。根据句意及提示词可知，此处使用词组bring about“带来”，句子描述的是客观事实，应使用一般现在时。故译为：Only a yearly bill based on personalconsuming history may bring about the leak of private problem.

4．考查relieve的用法。根据句意及提示词可知，此处使用动词relieve“解除”的动名词词组做主语，句子使用现在完成时和一般现在时，故译为：Recently, the relationship betweendoctors and patients has become a social hot point, but relieving the Patients’ pain is doctor'sresponsibility and the patien ts should fully believe and understand the doctors.

9．高中英语翻译题：Translation

1．我突然想起我忘记通知他们考试的时间地点了。(occur)

2．任何能够采用新方法解决这道技术难题的人，都值得受到奖赏。(approach)

3．我们不该等到感恩节才向那些关心和爱护我们的人表示感激，这是我们每天生活中应该做的事。(until)

4．随着技术的发展以及电脑的普及，网络课程在多大程度上能取代传统教学方法还需拭目以待。(extent)

【答案】

1．It suddenly occurred to me that I forgot to remind them of the time and place for the exam.2．Anyone who can adopt new approaches to solving the technical problem deserves to berewarded.

3．We shouldn’t show our gratitude to those who care about and love us until the ThanksgivingDay, which we should do in everyday life.

4．With the development of techniques and the popularity of computers. it remains to be seento what extent the online classes can replace the traditional teaching ways.

【解析】

【分析】

考查句子翻译。

1．考查固定句式和固定短语。固定句式It suddenly occurred to sb. that…“某人突然想起……”；固定短语forget to do sth.“忘记做某事”；remind sb. of sth.“提醒某人某事”。结合句意应用一般过去时，故翻译为It suddenly occurred to me that I forgot to remind them of thetime and place for the exam.。

2．考查定语从句和固定短语。本句为定语从句修饰先行词anyone，且先行词在从句中做主语，指人，故关系代词用who。固定短语adopt new approaches“采用新方法”；solveproblem“解决问题”。且主句应用一般现在时，主语为anyone，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故翻译为Anyone who can adopt new approaches to solving the technical problem deservesto be rewarded.。

3．考查定语从句和固定短语。本句为定语从句修饰先行词those，且先行词在从句中做主语，指人，故关系代词用who。固定短语not…until…“直到……才……”；show gratitude“表达感激”；care about“关心”。且应用非限定性定语从句修饰上文整个句子，关系代词用which。故翻译为We shouldn’t show our gratitude to those who care about and love us untilthe Thanksgiving Day, which we should do in everyday life.。

4．考查固定短语和固定句式。本句为with的复合结构，表示“随着……”，固定句式itremains to be seen to…“……拭目以待”，且结合句意应用一般现在时，故翻译为With thedevelopment of techniques and the popularity of computers, it remains to be seen to whatextent the online classes can replace the traditional teaching ways.。

10．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given inthe brackets.

1．你是不是就在这家新开的饭店里看见疑犯实施犯罪？(it)

2．学外语时没有必要不懂装懂，否则你总有一天会后悔的。(need n.)

3．人们很难想象像他这样一个体面的政府官员是如何一夜之间就沦为阶下囚的。(reduce)4．这个年轻人向朋友保证在任何情况下他都不会违背做一个诚实和守信人的承诺。( underno circumstances )

【答案】

1．Was it in the newly-- opened restaurant// that you witnessed / saw(that) the suspect//commit the crime?

2．There is no need to // pretend to know what you don’t know // when you learn a foreignlanguage, // otherwise/or you will regret it some day.

3．People could/ can hardly imagine// how a decent government official like him //can/ shouldbe reduced to// a prisoner overnight

4．The young person assured his friends that// under no circumstances would he// break thepromise that// he should/would be faithful/trustworthy and honest.

【解析】

【分析】

考查句子翻译。

1．考查强调句。本句为强调句结构，强调的部分为in the newly-- opened restaurant，且固定短语commit the crime“犯罪”，且应用一般过去时。故填Was it in the newly-- openedrestaurant// that you witnessed / saw(that) the suspect

//commit the crime?

2．考查固定句式。固定句式There is no need to do sth.“没有必要做某事”，且应为when引导的时间状语从句，短语pretend to do sth.“假装做某事”，且应用一般现在时以及一般将来时。故填There is no need to // pretend to know what you don’t know // when you learn aforeign language, // otherwise/or you will regret it some day.

3．考查名词性从句和固定短语。本句为宾语从句，且从句中缺少方式状语表示“如何”，故用how引导，且固定短语be reduced to“沦为”，故填People

could/ can hardly imagine// howa decent government official like him //can/ should be reduced to// a prisoner overnight。

4．考查名词性从句和固定短语。本句为宾语从句，且从句中不缺少成分，故用that引导，且固定短语under no circumstan ces“决不”，且根据句意应用一般过去时，故填Theyoung person assured his friends that// under no circumstances would he// break the promisethat// he should/would be

faithful/trustworthy and honest.。

【点睛】

强调句结构。

为了突出句子中的某一部分，我们通常会使用某种方法或手段使它突出，以便能引起他人的注意，这就是强调，与此相关的句子就是强调句。强调句是一种修辞，是人们为了表达自己的意愿或情感而使用的一种形式。其结构为it is (was)+被强调成分+that (who)+其他。

1、陈述句的强调句型

It is/ was +被强调部分(通常是主语、宾语或状语)+ that/ who(当强调主语且主语指人)+其他部分。

2、一般疑问句的强调句型，把is/ was提到it前面。

3、特殊疑问句的强调句型，被强调部分(通常是疑问代词或疑问副词)+ is/ was + it + that/who +其他部分?

4、not … until …句型的强调句

句型为：It is/ was not until +被强调部分+ that +其他部分

普通句：He didn't go to bed until/ till his wife came back.

强调句：It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed.

注意：此句型只用until，不用till。但如果不是强调句型，till, until可通用;因为句型中It is/was not ...已经是否定句了，that后面的从句要用肯定句，切勿再用否定句了。

如第一小题，本句为强调句结构，强调的部分为in the newly-- opened restaurant，且固定短语commit the crime“犯罪”，且应用一般过去时。故填Was it in the newly-- openedrestaurant// that you witnessed / saw(that) the suspect

//commit the crime?

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