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党委副书记 Deputy Party Secretary
英语里常用vice-,deputy-,associate,assistant,co-,sub-,等单词和前缀来表示“副”字,按习惯不同选用。
一般来说,职位较高的副职人员多采用vice-,如:国家副主席——vice president,副委员长、副主任委员——vice-chairman,副总理——vice-premier,国务院属各部副部长——vice-minister,中国科学院等国家级研究院副院长——vice-president,副省长——vice-governor,大学副校长——vice-president。
职务稍低的副职人员多用deputy来翻译,如:副市长——deputy mayor,副书记——deputy Party secretary,副秘书长——deputy secretary general,副主任——deputy director,副总编——deputy editor-in-chief,研究院,所的副职——deputy director等。
大学里的副教授一般用associate professor,不用vice-professor或deputy professor,同样的例子如:副研究员——associate research fellow,副主编——associate editor,副审判长——associate chief judge,学院的副院长、大学的副教务长——associate dean。
在行政职务中,assitant指“助手”,可译作“副”或“助理”,即正职的主要助手,如:部长助理——assistant minister, 副司令员——assistant commander,公司副经理——assistant manager,副校长(中小学)——assistant headmaster;在技术职称中,assistant指“助理”,如助理工程师——assistant engineer,助理农艺师——assistant agronomist,助理会计师——assistant accountant,助理巡视员——assistant counsel。
用sub-作为前缀来译“副”字,有“下级”、“助理”、“次要”之意,如:大学副系主任——sub-dean,副专员、副州长——sub-c
ommissioner,副院长——sub-principal,中小学副校长——sub-master等。
译“副”字时,要注意英语的习惯搭配。一般来说,vice与president, premier, chairman, minister, governor搭配;
deputy与director, chief, head secretary, dean, mayor搭配;
sub-与commissioner, dean, head, chief, editor, master, chairman, principal搭配。
一些不符合英语习惯的搭配要防止,如:vice-professor, vice-director, vice-manager, vice-mayor, vice-mayor, vice-editor-in-chief.