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工业工程专业英语复习(完整版)

工业工程专业英语复习(完整版)
工业工程专业英语复习(完整版)

CHARTER 2

Industrial engineers are great at solving problems.

工业工程师非常善于解决问题。

New technologies have improved accuracy and speed and generally have increased the IE’s ability to cover a more diverse set of interests.

新技术已经提高了精确度和速度并逐渐提高了工业工程师们解决更多样问题的能力。

The problems associated with renaming IE departments to describe their particular function may have more to do with appearance than with the actual job being performed.

将工业工程部重新命名,以明确描述其具体职能,期间所所出现的问题与其说与实际完成的工作有关,倒不如说与问题的表象有关。

Most IEs eventually must sell their ideas and plans to management, which often requires above-average communication skills. For many IE graduates, this is a tough challenge.

许多工业工程师都必须要推销自己的想法和计划给管理部门,这常常需要较好的交流技巧.可这对于工业工程的毕业生来说是个很大的挑战. With all of these challenges facing the IE profession, there may be some who doubt the IEs’ future. But if the individual IE will assume the role as a change implementer --- not a change follower --- broad opportunities are on the horizon.

工业工程行业所面临的这些挑战会使一些人担心工业工程师的前途。然而,如果每个工业工程师都承担起变化的实施者而不是变化的追随者的角色,则广泛的机会就会出现.

Industrial engineers seeking to expand their opportunities and improve the quality of operations are now looking at the entire process, rather than just a particular task or business function.

在质量运动中寻求更广机遇和进步的工业工程师们现在关注整个过程,而不仅仅是一个特别的工作或商业功能。

Two areas that may be of special importance to IEs in the coming years include information technology (IT) and business process redesign. As IT continues to evolve, technological advancements will have a big impact on how companies look at business processes of the next decade. Working together, IT and BPR has the potential to create a new type of industrial engineering, changing the way the discipline is practiced and the skills necessary to practice it.

信息技术和业务流程再造这两个领域未来对工业工程师们特别重要。随

着信息技术的发展,先进的技术将影响企业在下个世纪的商业进程。信息技术和业务流程再造的联合操作有创造一个新型的工业工程的潜力。它将改变实用的准则和实际操作的技能。

CHARTER 4

Operations research as defined by the Operations Research Society of America, “is concerned with scientifically deciding how to best design and operate man-machine systems, usually under conditions requiring the allocation of scarce resources.” Important to the field is the development, testing, and use of models to predict various outcomes under differing conditions or to optimize the outcome for a given condition.

美国运筹学学会将运筹学定义为:在需要对紧缺资源进行分配的前提下决定如何最好的设计和运作人-机系统的决策科学。这个领域的重点是发展,检测和应用模型去预测在不同条件下的各种结果,或者优化给定条件下的结果。

The networks of queues can represent the situations such as the flow of messages through a communication network, job through a computer system, or products through centers in a factory.

网络排队的情况等同于信息流通过通信网络,工作通过计算机系统,或产品通过加工中心。

Optimization—Optimizing—determining how to get an objective function or performance index to its maximum within the limits of available resources and technology—is a fundamental goal of decision making and, moreover, an important tool in engineering design.

最优化—决定如何得到一个目标函数或性能指标以使得在有限的资源和技术有限的条件下达到它的最大值—是决策的基本目标,并且除此之外,它还是在工程设计方面重要的工具。

In the more mature areas such as linear programming and unconstrained optimization, and in those of intermediate maturity such as integer and constrained convex optimization, emphasis will be placed on rapid, large-scale computation.

在那些更为成熟的如线性规划和无约束优化等领域和一些不太成熟的如整数和约束优化等领域,研究的重点将被放到快速的,大规模的计算上。

We live in a world in which we have limited knowledge and an inability to predict the future with certainty.

我们生活在一个知识短缺和无力对未来事实进行预测的世界中。

The study of stochastic processes provides us with a systematic way to model, design and control service systems characterized by such uncertainly. Operations research will continue to provide an observational framework for such studies through fundamental research into foundations of probabilistic phenomena.

对统计过程的学习将会为我们提供一种系统的方法去建立、设计和控制系统中的不稳定因素。运筹学为我们提供了一个通过基础研究而了解基本的概率现象的框架。

AI problem solving techniques tend to be inferential and to rely on expert knowledge and heuristics;OR uses algorithmic,mathematically based approaches。

人工智能解决问题倾向推理,依赖专业知识和启发思维。运筹学利用算法、基于数学的方法。

To compete effectively in the markets of today and tomorrow,the entire production and distribution stages of the product realization process must act in concert,so as ultimately to deliver the right products at the right prices to the right places at the right times。

为了有效地在今天和明天的市场中竞争,整个产品实现过程的生产和分配阶段必须行动一致,以便最终在正确的时间正确的地方以正确的价格交付正确的产品。

CHARTER 5

Work-measured labor standards have been around for about a century, and they will continue to be around for the foreseeable future. They are useful tools applicable to many areas of business. Perhaps the only thing wrong with these tools is their lack of a buzz word or catchy acronym.

基于工作测量的劳动标准已经存在了大约一个世纪,并且它们将继续存在于可预见的未来。他们是适用于许多领域的有用的工具。也许对于它们而言,唯一的错误是缺乏一个时髦的术语或琅琅上口的缩写。

Using labor standards to determine workers pay has generally proven to be demoralizing and adversarial——and ineffective in the long run。

利用劳动标准决定工人的工资已经证明会使工人感到泄气并且产生敌对——而且,从长远来看,也是不起作用的。

There is no such thing as an “accurate” labor standard time。Human workers come in at least a billion models with vary physical mental,and emotional specifications and work under varying environment conditions。This variety makes “average” or standard times extremely difficult to determine。

Standard times are standard times only because all parties involved agree they are standard times.

没有一个准确的劳动标准时间。由于物理、精神和感情以及工作环境的不断变化,工人们至少可以被分为十亿种不同的类型。这些差异性使得平均或者标准的时间很难制定。标准时间之所以是标准的,仅仅是因为有关的所有部门都同意其是标准时间。

Since practically everyone is already using standard times in one form or another,using work measurement to develop these times is simply an improvement on what you are already doing。

由于几乎每个人已经在这样或那样的形式下使用标准时间,利用工作测量来发展这些时间只是在前人已经做的事情上做简单的改进。

Activity sampling - An often overlooked tool is activity sampling, usually called work sampling by North American IEs. In this technique, a group of workers are observed at random times and their individual activities noted each tour. After a week or two, the average time spent on each activity can be calculated, and statistically justified. The average time per piece can then be determined.

活动抽样----一个经常被忽视的工具是活动抽样, 北美的工业工程师通常称之为工作抽样。这种技术随机抽取一组工人并对他们个人的活动作出记录。一两周后, 每个活动的平均时间可以被计算并系统地确定下来。每件工作的平均时间就能够确定。

CHARTER 6

Ergonomics is the scientific discipline concerned with the understanding of interactions among humans and artifacts and the design of the systems where people participate。

功效学是一门关于人、产品和人员参与的系统设计之间的交互作用的科学学科。

The transformation from a rural agrarian to an urban, industrialized life has come at a cost, and workers are "paying" in terms of a tremendous increase in industrial injuries and in terms of worker stress. Many of these problems remain hidden, because the official statistics that can illuminate the true state of affairs are not usually available.

以田园式为主的农业经济向以城市化为主的工业经济的转变付出了一定的代价,这些代价是工人以显著增加的工业伤害和工作压力的形式付出的。这些问题中多数仍然隐藏,因为可以阐明事件真相的官方统计数据通常无法得到。

Technology transfer from the Western world is important, but must be concerned

尽管从西方引进技术很重要,但技术转让的过程不仅要考虑如何使本土

使用者适应和使用机器,而且还要考虑如何建设能够培训这些本土使用

者的独立能力,以便其能够在全球化的市场中运用自如的整个基础设

施。

The operator perceives the environment—mainly through the visual and

auditory senses, then considers the information, makes a decision and finally produces a control response。

操作者感知环境——主要是通过视觉和听觉的感官,然后考虑信息、作

出决定,最后产生控制响应。

There are several modulating variables that affect task performance including: operator ne 有一些调节的变量会影响任务的性能,包括:操作者需要,态度、能

力、专业技能、动机、年龄、性别、身体尺寸和强度。这些都是异质

的变量并且对不同的个体它们是不同的。

Safety,operator(user)satisfaction and productivity are common goal。Ergonomics is rather a design methodology that is used to arrive at safety productivity and satisfaction。

系统安全性,操作者满意度和生产率是一些常见的目标。应该说功效学

是一种用来实现系统安全性、生产率和操作者满意度的设计方法。

CHARTER7

Conventional layouts,such as product,process,and cellular layouts,do

not meet these needs。

常规的布局,比如产品式布局、工艺式布局和单元式布局,都不能满足

这些需求。

When product variety is high or production volumes are small, a functional

layout, with all resources of the same type in one location, is often thought to

provide the greatest flexibility(Figure 7-1)。However,a functional layout is notorious for its material-handling inefficiency and scheduling complexity,

which can lead to long lead times,large work-in-process inventories,and inefficient material handling。

当产品种类多或者产量小的时候,将同类型的设备资源放在同一处的功

能式布局,通常被认为能提供最大的灵活性(见表一)。然而,功能式

布局却因本身物料搬运效率低下和能造成更长提前期、大量在制品存货

和低效的物料搬运的调度复杂性而臭名昭著。

Although cellular factories can simplify work flow and reduce material handling, they are generally designed to produce a specific set of products

whose demand levels are assumed to be stable and product life cycles sufficiently long。

尽管单元化工厂能简化工作流程、减少物料搬运,它们通常是用来生产

假定需求层次稳定、生命周期足够长的特定系列的产品。

Layout design procedures, whether for functional or cellular layouts, have

been largely based on a deterministic paradigm. Such design parameters as

product mix, product demands, and product routings are assumed to be

known with certainty.

无论是功能式布局还是单元式布局,其设计过程主要基于确定性的假

设。这些设计参数,诸如产品结构,产品需求和生产工艺都假定为确定

已知的。

Increased product variety and the need for mass customization have led many companies to delay product differentiation ,postponing the point in the manufacturing process when products are assigned individual features。

Companies do this ,for example,by building a platform common to all

products and differentiating it by assigning to it certain product-specific

feature and components only after actual demand becomes known。

不断增加的产品种类和大规模定制的需求已经导致许多公司延迟产品差

异化,推迟生产过程中分配产品个性特征的那个点。例如,公司构建一

个适用于所有产品的平台,只有当实际的产品需求知晓时才分配确定的

产品特有的特征和组件以此实现差异化。

CHARTER 18

Today, customers are demanding on quality in products, services and in life. They have be esteem. In fact, they are prepared to pay a premium for a quality product or service. One o 现今,顾客对产品,服务甚至生活质量的要求越来越高。他们已经越来

越具有洞察力。顾客开始以他们的基本需要,要求和自尊为基准进行选

择。事实上,他们乐意为有质量保障的产品或服务进行额外支出。而针

对上述的挑战的解决办法之一就是全面质量管理 (TQM) 的管理哲学。

TQM is an approach for continuously improving the quality of every aspect

of business life, i. e. it is a ever-ending process of improving for individuals,

groups of people and the whole organization. It is an integrated approach and

set of practices that emphasizes, inter alia, management commitment, continuous improvement, customer focus, long-range thinking, increased employee involvement and teamwork, employee empowerment, process management, competitive benchmarking, etc.

TQM是一种对商业活动中所有方面的质量进行持续改进的一种方法, 也

就是对个体、群体和整个的组织进行改良的持续过程。它是一种综合

方法和实践的运用,尤其重视高层管理承诺、连续改进、以客户为中

心、长远战略、员工参与和团队合作、员工授权、流程管理、竞争标

杆管理等等方面。

This development can be attributed to the fact that the entire industrial world was predomi in-

time (JIT) production and cellular manufacturing, etc. Because of these factors, most of th 这个现象归因于以下事实:整个工业世界是以制造业为导向的,并且工

业界正在历经一场变革,人们更加关注装配线,大批量生产制造,供应

商关系,准时生产和单元制造等方面。因为这些因素,管理理论(包括

质量管理)的大部份的技术和策略都是定量的,并且针对性地解决生产

线上的问题。

But with the blossoming of the service sector in almost every economy, quality imperative 但是随着服务业在经济各个领域的繁荣,质量命令不再是制造业唯一的

关心和主题了。最近,服务业正面临着他们的制造业同行所面临的基本

事实.

1. Top management commitment and visionary leadership高层管理人员的

承诺和愿景式领导

Top management commitment is a prerequisite for effective and successful

TQS implementation. Although different researchers proclaim various

theories on the organizational requirements for effective implementation of

TQS, all would agree that the impetus for any quality improvement effort

should come from the top. Visionary leadership is the art of leading and

espousing a mental, strategic and spiritual change in the organization by the formulation of a long-range vision for the development of the organization, propagating the vision throughout the organization, devising and developing

a plan of action and finally stimulating the entire organization towards the accomplishment of the vision.

高层管理人员的承诺是TQS成功和有效执行的先决条件。虽然不同的研

究者宣称多种不同的有利于TQS有效执行的理论,但推动质量改进的努

力都应该从最高层做起。愿景领导是一种领导的艺术,在组织中通过企

业发展长期愿景的构想推行精神和战略上的转变,在组织中传播这种愿

景,设计和制定行为计划最终刺激整个组织朝着愿景实现前进。

2. human resource management人力资源管理

This refers to the number of organizational behavior issues(ranging from

selection and recruitment ,training and education ,employee empowerment to employee involvement ) that form the cornerstone upon which the corporate

strategy is built. The moot point here is that only if the employers treat their employees as precious would the employees, in turn, treat their customers as valuable. There fore, it is indispensable for service organizations to look upon HRM as a source of competitive advantage

这关系到构成企业战略基石的组织行为问题(从选人、招聘、培训、教育、授权到员工参与)。在这里争论的焦点是只有当雇主珍视自己的雇员,反过来,雇员才会珍视顾客。因此, 服务机构把人力资源管理作为竞争优势的一个不可缺少的来源。

4. information and analysis system 信息和分析系统

Services, unlike manufactured goods, cannot be inventoried and used in times of emergency or demand. Therefore, during rush or peak periods, unless organizations keep themselves prepared for any such eventualities, they may not be able to provide quality service to customers. This can only be achieved by equipping the employees with information regarding the process and the customers. Prompt , sufficient and pertinent data that are critical to the implementation and practice of TQM constitute information and analysis . In a TQS ambience people need work out current problems, eschew new ones and implement change. Measures for proactive prevention rather than reactive correction are employed to monitor quality in order to sustain a true customer focus.

服务,不像制成品,不能储存,不能在紧急时刻或需要时使用。因此,在急需时或高峰期,除非组织保持对任何这种可能性做好准备,他们未必能够为客户提供优质的服务。要实现这一点,只有向员工提供与过程和顾客相关的信息。立即的、充足和相关的执行和实践TQM的资料构成信息和分析系统的关键。在TQS氛围中人们需要不同等级、功能、工作区域的交流来解决组织当前存在的问题,避开新问题,实施新的变化。积极预防,而不是被动的改正措施来监测质量,以维持真正以客户为中心。

6、Continuous improvement持续改进

The quest for quality improvement is not a specific destination but a continuous journey that throws up more and more opportunities for improvement. Improvement should be viewed as an ongoing process in the sense once targets are met, new ones must be set, aiming for even higher levels of service efficiency. It is a race which has no finish line but has the sole objective of striving for continuous improvement, and looking for breakthroughs with revolutionary order of magnitude changes that will result in the transmogrification of the organization into a world-class one.

追求品质改善不是一个特定的目标而是一个持续的过程,在这个持续的过程中将引发更多改进的机会。改进应被视为一个持续的过程,在某种意义上一旦达到目标,必须设置新的目标,甚至是更高目标的服务效率。这是一场没有终点线的比赛,其唯一的目的就是追求持续改进,追求寻找突破和改革,最终使组织变为世界一流的组织。

7、Customer focus以顾客为中心

Customer focus is the ultimate goal of any TQS program because organizations can outscore their competitors by effectively addressing customers’ needs and demands and anticipating and responding and responding to their evolving interests and wants. Focusing on customer needs and wants enables organizations to have a better market orientation than ever before by providing a competitive edge over their rivals, thereby resulting in enhanced business performance.

以客户为中心是任何TQS计划最终的目标,组织可以通过有效地解决客户的需求,并预测和响应客户兴趣,应对其不断发展的需要,超过他们的竞争对手。关注客户的需求和愿望使企业能够通过提供比竞争对手更好的竞争优势从而获得比过去更好的市场定位和导向,从而提高业务水平。

12. service culture服务文化

While customer focus is seen as a goal of the TQS movement, service culture is an organizational strategy that motivates the employees to have a service orientation. An organization characterized by such a service orientation is more likely to offer a reliable, responsive, empathetic service to customers and provide them with assurance in conveying trust and confidence that will result in improved quality in service delivery, which, in turn, will lead to higher perceived service quality from the customers’ point of view. A strong internal culture helps an organization to effect and sustain an organization change that will make the TQS approach more effective.

以客户为中心被看作是TQS运动的目标,服务文化是一种组织策略,它激励员工在提供服务时以服务为导向。以服务为导向的组织更容易提供给用户可靠的、及时响应的、同感的服务,在提供服务的过程中会更有把握传递信任从而提高服务提供的质量。转而,从客户的角度看,会带来更好的感知服务质量。强有力的内部文化帮助组织产生和支持组织变化,使TQS 更加有效。

词组

industrial engineer 工业工程师

operations research 运筹学

performance improvement engineering 绩效改善工程material handling 物料搬运

project management 项目管理

information technology(IT) 信息技术

business process redesign/reengineering 业务流程再设计/再造human resource management 人力资源管理

mathematical programming 数学规划

expert system 专家系统

transportation problem 运输问题

network problem 网络问题

linear programming 线性规划

objective function 目标函数,目标方程

flexible manufacturing system(FMS) 柔性制造系统

artificial intelligence(AI) 人工智能

motion analysis 动作分析

time study 时间研究

histogram 直方图

moving average approach 移动平均法

manufacturing line balancing 生产线平衡

accident proneness 事故倾向性

information processing 信息处理

feedback loop 反馈回路

visual sense 视觉

auditory sense 听觉

verbal response 语音响应

manual response 手动响应

human reliability 人类可靠性

factory layout 工厂布局

product layout 产品式布局

process layout 工艺式布局

functional layout 功能式布局

work-in-process(WIP) 在制品

work center 工作中心

contract manufacturing 契约制造

original equipment manufacturer(OEM) 原始设备制造商delayed product differentiation 产品延迟差异化workpiece 工件

total quality management(TQM) 全面质量管理continuous improvement 持续改进

statistical process control(SPC) 统计过程控制assemble line 装配线

mass production 大规模生产

employee relations 员工关系

customer involvement 顾客参与

工业工程专业英语词汇及表达

Professional Words and Expressions 1. a code of ethics 道德规范 2.absolute accuracy 绝对精度 3.abstract n. 摘要 4.accountant n. 会计(员),会计师 5.action learning 行动学习 6.adherence n. 忠诚 7.afterwards adv. 之后,以后,后来 8.AGV(Automated Guided Vehicles) 自动导航小车 9.aligning results 校正结果 10.alternation ranking method 交替排序法 11.AM(Agile Manufacturing)敏捷制造 12.analyst n. 分析者;善于分析者;分解者 13.anatomical adj. 解剖的,解剖学 14.annual bonus 年终分红 15.anthropometric adj. 人体测量的 16.anthropometry n. 人体测量学 17.appeal n. 申诉,请求,呼吁,上诉,要求 18.application forms 工作申请表 19.appraisal interview 评价面试 20.appreciation n. 正确评价 21.aptitudes n. 资质

22.arbitration n. 仲裁 23.architecture n. 结构,构造 24.arena n. 舞台,竞技场 25.assembly line 装配线 26.assessment n. (为征税对财产所作的)估价,评估 27.assurance 确信,断言,保证 28.attract vt. 动手处理(某事);攻击,抨击 29.attainment n. 到达 30.attendance incentive plan 参与式激励计划 31.audit n. 审计,稽核,查账 32.auditor n. 审计员,核数师 33.authority n. 职权 34.awkward adj. 难使用的,笨拙的 35.backdates vt. 回溯 36.batch production 批量生产 37.be prone to 倾向于…… 38.behavior modeling 行为模拟 39.behaviorally anchored rating scale(bars)行为锚定等级评价法 40.below contributor 贡献较小的人员 41.benchmark job 基准职位 42.benchmarking n. 【计】基准 43.benefits n. 福利

资料:《安全工程专业英语(部分翻译)》

Unit 1 safety management system Accident causation models 事故致因理论 Safety management 安全管理Physical conditions 物质条件Machine guarding 机械保护装置House-keeping 工作场所管理 Top management 高层管理人员Human errors 人因失误 Accident-proneness models 事故倾向模型Munitions factory 军工厂 Causal factors 起因 Risking taking 冒险行为 Corporate culture 企业文化 Loss prevention 损失预防 Process industry 制造工业 Hazard control 危险控制 Intensive study 广泛研究Organizational performance 企业绩效Mutual trust 相互信任Safety officer 安全官员Safety committee 安全委员会Shop-floor 生产区Unionized company 集团公司Seniority 资历、工龄Local culture 当地文化Absenteeism rate 缺勤率Power relations 权力关系 Status review 状态审查 Lower-level management 低层管理者Business performance 组织绩效Most senior executive 高级主管Supervisory level 监督层Safety principle 安全规则 Wall-board 公告栏Implement plan 执行计划 Hazard identification 危险辨识Safety performance 安全性能 One comprehensive definition for an organizational culture has been presented by Schein who has said the organizational culture is “a pattern of basic assumptions –invented, discovered, or developed by a given group as it learns to cope with its problems of external adaptation and internal integration –that has worked well enough to be considered valid and, therefore, to be taught to new members as the correct way to perceive, think, and feel in relation to those problems” 译文:Schein给出了组织文化的广泛定义,他认为组织文化是由若干基本假设组成的一种模式,这些假设是由某个特定团体在处理外部适应问题与内部整合问题的过程中发明、发现或完善的。由于以这种模式工作的有效性得到了认可,因此将它作为一种正确的方法传授给新成员,让他们以此来认识、思考和解决问题[指适应外部与整合内部的过程中的问题]。 The safety culture of an organization is the product of individual and group values, attitudes, perceptions, competencies, and patterns of behavior that determine the commitment t o, and the style and proficiency of , an organization’s health and safety management. 译文:组织的安全文化由以下几项内容组成:个人和群体的价值观、态度、观念、能力和行为方式。这种行为方式决定了个人或团体对组织健康安全管理的责任,以及组织健康安全管理的形式和熟练程度。

工业工程专业英语1-3单元翻译

Professional English for Industrial Engineering Chapter1 Unit3翻译 姓名: 专业:工业工程 班级: 学号: 完成日期:2015-10-31

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电子信息工程专业英语作业3

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工厂英语

公司英语 -----教育训练部一:常用术语 Hon Hai 鸿海 CMM Component module move 机动组件整合 CEM Contract Manufaction service 合约委托代工 IBSC Internet Business Solution Center 国际互联网应用中心PCEG Personal Computer Enclosure group 个人计算机外设事业群(FOXTEQ) CCBG Connector&cable business group CPBG Competition business group ESBG Enterprise system business group 鸿富锦事业群 SABG system assembly business group 系统组装事业群 NWE Net Work Enclosure NSE Network system enclosure NSG Network system group NFE Network flexible enclosure Foxcavity = HZ = Hong Zhun 鸿准 Stamping tool shop I 冲模一厂 Stamping tool shop II 冲模二厂 Prototype workshop 样品中心 Steel factory 裁剪厂 PCE molding tooling workshop PCE塑模厂 Hua Nan test and measurement center 华南检测中心 MPE mobile phone enclosure MPE MBE mobile phone and notebook enclosure 明塑厂 MGE Alloy magnesium alloy enclosure 镁合金 Engineer standard 工标 Document center (database center)资料中心 Design Center 设计中心 Painting 烤漆(厂) Assembly组装(厂) Stamping 冲压(厂) Education and Training教育训练 proposal improvement/creative suggestion提案改善

工业工程、仓储专业英语词汇

Total Quality Management全面质量管理Continuous Improvement持续改进Human Factors人因学、工效学 Man-Machine Systems人机系统 Shop-Floor Activities车间活动Simulation Model仿真模型 Code of Ethics道德标准、职业准则Performance Measure绩效测量Benchmark标杆 performance evaluation绩效评价 zero defects零缺陷 interdisciplinary跨学科manufacturing制造 interaction互动、交互 integration集成 curriculum课程体系 discipline学科 attrition中途退学 multi-disciplinary多学科 flexible simulation柔性仿真 Labor Specialization劳动力专业化standardized parts标准化的零部件moving assembly line装配线 Mass Production Era批量生产Queuing Theory排队理论 Process Analysis流程分析 Statistical Sampling统计采样 Industrial Engineering(IE)工业工程Industrial Engineer工业工程师Simulation仿真 Operations Research 运筹学 Quality Improvement Engineering质量改善工程 Management Services管理服务Engineering Services工程服务Performance Improvement Engineering 绩效改善工程 Material Handling物料搬运Logistics物流(学科) material flow物流Financial Management金融/财务管理 Project Management项目管理 Business Planning and Development商业规划与开发 Information Technology(IT)信息技术Business Process Redesign/Reengineering (BPR)业务流程再设计/再造 Human Resource Management人力资源管理Quality Movement质量运动 Total Order Management(TOM)全面订单管理 Material Requirement Planning(MRP)物料需求计划 companies are flattening corporate structures 企业结构扁平化 accuracy精度functional departments职能部门 mechanical engineering department机械工程

哈工大工业工程专业英语翻译

《工业工程专业英语》 课文翻译 专业:工业工程 学号:11208401 姓名: 指导教师:赵,, 2014年12月

4.2 ERP系统的发展过程 现在,ERP系统无处不在,不仅应用在大型业务中,目前还由运营商们改良后应用在中小企业中。我们需要通过理解ERP系统及其当前体系结构的历史和发展来说明其发展变迁的成果。ERP的优点和缺点会影响它对市场的渗透,系统供应商已经为ERP的推动做好了市场定位和总体策略方面的准备。ERP系统在新的世纪中的应用和发展将依赖于其对客户关系管理、供应链管理一起其他拓展功能的扩充,还有与网络应用的结合。 简介 由微电子、电脑硬件和软件系统驱动的信息和交流的前所未有的增长影响了各种组织的电脑应用的方方面面。同时,公司环境与职能部门日益结合,需要为决策提供越来越多的内部功能数据流,包括及时有效的产品部件的供给、库存管理、清算账目、人力资源以及产品和服务分配等。在这样的条件下,组织管理者需要一个有效的信息系统来降低成本并优化物流,从而提高竞争力。无论是大企业还是中小企业,大家一致认为在复杂的全球化竞争中,及时获得正确的信息的能力能够给企业带来巨大的回报。 从19世纪80年代末到90年代初开始的新的软件系统作为企业资源规划应用在复杂的大型商业企业中从而在工业界中被人们所周知。这种复杂而昂贵,强力而专有的系统供不应求,而且需要根据企业的需求量身定制。很多情况下,ERP实施人员要企业重新设计他们的商业流程来调节软件模型中的物流,从而得到整个企业的数据流。与旧的、传统的自我内部设计的企业专门系统不同,这种软件解决方案结合了多种模型的商业附加包,在需要的时候可以作为附件添加到系统中或者从中删除。 电脑性能的显著提高以及网络给ERP的供应商和设计者们带来的前所未有的挑战,打破了企业与客户定制的隔阂,还包含超出企业内部网络的合作,外部系统需要通过网络来无缝连接。供应商已经许诺了许多的附加功能包,他们中的一些人已经在市场上表现出对这些挑战的接受态度。将产品不断再设计以及在ERP市场中推出新产品和方案是一个永不终止的过程。ERP运营商和客户以及认识到了将其附件按照开放的原则设计,提供可互换的模型,以及容许更简单的定制和客户交流的必要性。 ERP系统定义 企业资源规划系统或企业系统是业务管理软件系统目前,包括模块配套功能区,如计划,制造,销售,市场营销,分销,会计,金融,人力资源管理,项目管理,库存管理,服务,维修,运输和电子商务,架构软件便于模块的透明集成,提供企业内的所有功能之间信息。在运输和电子商务。该架构软件便于模块的透明集成,提供数据流包括良好的企业内的所有功能之间的信息以及与合作公司与通过更换或重新设计实现一个单一的集成系统,其大多是不兼容的传统信息系统。美国生产与库存管理协会(2001)这样定义了ERP系统:“针对物资资源管理、人力资源管理、财务资源管理、信息资源管理集成一体化的企业管理软件。”我们从出版物中摘录了几种定义来更好的解释这个概念:“ERP包含了一个商业软件包,它可以通过企业的财务、清算、人力资源、供应链和客户信息来使数据流无缝结合”(Davenport,1998)。“ERP是将一个组织中的财务和其他信息以及基于信息的流程整合在一起的信息配置系统。”(K&VH,2000)。“一个数据库、一个应用和一个贯穿整个企业的统一界面”(Tadjer,1998)。“ERP系统是为了运作一个组织的业务方便的集成和实时计划、生产,以及客户反馈而设计的基于电脑的系统(OLeary,2001)”。 ERP系统的发展

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果粒橙 图解:译文“蓝色” Unit 6 The Principle of PCM PCM原理 Pcm is dependent on three separate operations, sampling, quantizing, and coding. Many different schemes for performing these three functions have evolved during recent years, and we shall describe the main ones. In these descriptions we shall see how a speech channel of telephone quality may be conveyed as a series of amplitude values, each value being represented, that is, coded as a sequence of 8 binary digits. Furthermore, we shall prove that a minimum theoretical sampling frequency of order 6.8 kilohertz(khz) is required to convey a voice channel occupying the range 300 HZ to 3.4 Khz. Practical equipments, however, normally use3 a sampling rate of 8 khz, and if 8-digits per sample value are used, the voice channel becomes represented by a stream of pulses with a repetition rate of 64khz. Fig .1-1 illustrates the sampling, quantizing, and coding processes. PCM的构成依赖于三个环节,即采样、量化和编码。近年来,人们对这三个环节的实现提出了许多不同的方案,我们将对其中的一些主要的方案进行讨论。在这些讨 论中,我们会看到话路中的语声信号是如何转换成幅值序列的,而每个幅值又被编码,即以8位二进制数的序列表示。而且,我们将证明,为了转换频率范围为300HZ— 3.4KHZ的话路信号,理论上最小采样频率须为6.8khz。但是,实际设备通常用8khz 的采样速率,而如果每个样值用8位码的话,则话路是由一个重复速率为64khz的脉 冲流来表示的。图1-1表示了采样、量化、编码的过程。 Reexamination of our simple example shows us that the speech signal of maximum frequency 3.4khz has been represented by a signal of frequency 64khz. However, if only 4-digits per sample value had been used, the quality of transmission would drop, and the repetition rate of the pulses would be reduced to 32khz. Thus the quality of transmission is dependent on the pulse repetition rate, and for digital communication systems these two variables may be interchanged most efficiently. 让我们再研究一下上面提到的简单例子。可以看出,最高频率为3.4khz的话音信号适用64khz的(脉冲流)信号来表示的。但是,如果每个样值中用4位(码)表示,则传输质量会下降,而脉冲的重复速率也将减小到32khz。因而传输质量是取决于脉 冲重复速率的。对于数字通信系统,这两个量之间极明显的互相影响着。 Digital transmission provides a powerful method for overcoming noisy environments. Noise can be introduced into transmission patch in many different ways : perhaps via a nearby lightning strike, the sparking of a car ignition system, or the thermal low-level noise within the communication equipment itself. It is the relationship of the true signal to the noise signal, known as the signal-to-noise ratio, which is of the most interest to the communication engineer.Basically, if the signal is very large compared to the noise level, then a perfect message can take place; however, this is not always the case. For example, the signal received from a

公司英语词汇大全(doc 14页)

公司英语 -----教育训练部 一:常用术语 Hon Hai 鸿海 CMM Component module move 机动组件整合 CEM Contract Manufaction service 合约委托代工 IBSC Internet Business Solution Center 国际互联网应用中心 PCEG Personal Computer Enclosure group 个人计算机外设事业群(FOXTEQ)CCBG Connector&cable business group CPBG Competition business group ESBG Enterprise system business group 鸿富锦事业群 SABG system assembly business group 系统组装事业群 NWE Net Work Enclosure NSE Network system enclosure NSG Network system group NFE Network flexible enclosure Foxcavity = HZ = Hong Zhun 鸿准 Stamping tool shop I 冲模一厂 Stamping tool shop II 冲模二厂 Prototype workshop 样品中心 Steel factory 裁剪厂 PCE molding tooling workshop PCE塑模厂 Hua Nan test and measurement center 华南检测中心 MPE mobile phone enclosure MPE MBE mobile phone and notebook enclosure 明塑厂 MGE Alloy magnesium alloy enclosure 镁合金 Engineer standard 工标 Document center (database center)资料中心 Design Center 设计中心 Painting 烤漆(厂) Assembly组装(厂) Stamping 冲压(厂) Education and Training教育训练 proposal improvement/creative suggestion提案改善 Technological exchange and study 技术交流研习会 Technology and Development Committee 技术发展委员会 BS Brain Storming 脑力激荡 QCC Quality Control Circle 品质圈

资料《安全工程专业英语部分翻译》

Unit 1safety management system Accident causation models ?事故致因理论 Safety management 安全管理 Physicalconditions ?物质条件 Machineguarding?机械保护装置 House—keeping工作场所管理 Topmanagement 高层管理人员Human errors人因失误 Accident-proneness models 事故倾向模型 Munitions factory?军工厂Causal factors?起因 Riskingtaking?冒险行为 Corporateculture 企业文化 Lossprevention 损失预防 Process industry?制造工业 Hazard control 危险控制 Intensive study广泛研究 Organizationalperformance 企业绩效 Mutual trust 相互信任Safetyofficer?安全官员 Safety committee 安全委员会 Shop-floor?生产区Unionized company 集团公司 Seniority?资历、工龄Local culture当地文化Absenteeism rate?缺勤率Power relations?权力关系 Status review 状态审查Lower—level management低层管理者 Business performance?组织绩效 Most seniorexecutive 高级主管Supervisory level监督层 Safety principle?安全规则 Wall—board?公告栏 Implement plan?执行计划 Hazardidentification 危险辨识 Safety performance 安全性能 One comprehensive definition for an organizational culture has been presentedbySchein who has said theorganizational cultureis“a pattern of basic assumptions–invented, discovere d,or developedby agiven group as itlearns to cope with its problems of external adaptation and internal integration– that h as worked well enoughto be consideredvalidand,therefore, to betaught to new membersas the correct way to perceive, thin k,and feel in relation to thoseproblems” 译文:Schein给出了组织文化的广泛定义,他认为组织文化是由若干基本假设组成的一种模式,这些假设是由某个特定团体在处理外部适应问题与内部整合问题的过程中发明、发现或完善的.由于以这种模式工作的有效性得到了认可,因此将它作为一种正确的方法传授给新成员,让他们以此来认识、思考和解决问题[指适应外部与整合内部的过程中的问题]。 The safety culture ofan organization isthe product of individual and group values,attitudes, perceptions, competencies, and pa tternsofbehavior that determine the commitment to, and the style and proficiency of,an organization’shealthandsafety management.

周跃进工业工程专业英语翻译-全十章---副本

第一章 IE中的角色 工业工程是新兴的经典和新颖的将计算解决复杂和系统性的问题,在今天的高度科技世界职业之一。,特别是在中国快速发展的经济和其作为世界制造业中心的演技,为IE浏览器的需求将增加,并不断扩大和迫切。 生产系统或服务系统,包括输入,转换和输出。通过改造,增加值的增加,系统的效率和效益都有所提高。转化过程中所使用的技术和管理科学以及它们的组合依靠。 管理生产系统的服务体系,是一个具有挑战性和复杂的,行为科学,计算机和信息科学,经济,以及大量的主题有关的基本原则和技术,生产和服务系统的技术。 对于IE毕业生的需求 工业工程课程设计准备的学生,以满足未来中国的经济和和谐社会建设的挑战。许多即毕业生(IES),事实上,设计和运行现代制造系统和设施。其他选择从事服务活动,如健康,?ìcare交付,金融,物流,交通,教育,公共管理,或咨询等。 为IE毕业生的需求比较旺盛,每年增长。事实上,对于非法入境者的需求大大超过供给。这种需求/供给不平衡是为IE大于其他任何工程或科学学科,并预计在未来多年存在。因此,over165大学或学院于2006年在中国开设了IE浏览器程序。 教科书的目标 这本教科书的主要目的是引入系统化的理论和先进的技术和方法,工业工程,以及他们的英语表达有关科目。教科书的另一个目的是加强和改进学生,AOS与工业工程专业英语文献的阅读和理解能力。 工程与科学 怎么这两个词,?úindustrial,?ùand,?úengineering,?ùget相结合,形成长期,?úindustrial工程,非盟是什么?工业工程和其他工程学科之间的关系,企业管理,社会科学?为了了解工业工程的作用,在今天,AOS经济和知识为基础的的时代,它是有利于学习,希望在IE的演变历史的发展,有许多半途而废写历史发展的工程。治疗本单位是短暂的,因为我们的利益,在审查工程发展的意义,尤其是作为一个专业工业工程的,更完整的历史参考。工程与科学发展并行,相辅相成的方式,虽然他们是电机始终以同样的速度,而科学是有关基本知识的追求,工程与科学知识的应用关注问题的解决方案,并,?úbetter生活的追求,?ù.Obviously,知识不能被应用,直到它被发现的,一经发现,将很快投入使用,在努力解决问题,工程在新知识的地方,提供反馈,以科学因此,科学和工程工作在手的手。 工程应用 - 工具 虽然“科学”和“工程”各有特色,为不同学科,在某些情况下,?úscientist,非盟和?úengineer,非盟可能是同一个人。这是在更早的时候,尤其是当有很少沟通的基本知识的手段。发现知识的人也把它用。 当然,我们也想到如此出色的成绩,在埃及的金字塔,中国长城,罗马的建设项目,等等,当我们回顾早期的工程成就。这些都涉及一个令人印象深刻的应用程序的基本知识。 正如根本,但是,不作为众所周知的成就。斜面,弓,螺旋状,水车,帆,简单的杠杆,以及许多其他方面的发展都非常希望在工程师,AO努力提供更好的生活。 工程的基础 几乎所有的工程发展到1800年之前与物理现象:如克服摩擦,起重,储存,搬运,构造,紧固后的发展,关注与化学和分子现象:如电力,材料,热加工工艺性能,燃烧,和其他的化学过程。 几乎所有的工程发展的基本原则是在数学方面取得的进展。,准确地测量距离,角度,重量和时间的程序进行了细化,实现了更大的成就。

通信与信息工程英语教程翻译

A business survives and thrives on information: information within the organization and information changed with suppliers, customers,and regulators. Moreover, the information needs to be consistent, accessible, and at the right location. We consider information in four forms-voice, data, image, and video-and the implications of distributed requirements. The term voice communications refers primarily to telephone related communications. By far the most common form of communication in any organization and for most personnel is direct telephone conversation. The telephone has been a basic tool of business for decades. Telephone communications has recently been enhanced by a variety of computer-based services, including voice mail and computerized telephone exchange systems. V oice mail provides the ability to send, forward , and reply to voice messages nonsimultaneously , and it has become a cost-efficient tool even for many midsize organizations. It provides saving on answering machines and services as well as more responsive service to customers and suppliers. Advances have also been made in computerized telephone exchange systems, including in-house digital private branch exchanges(PBX) and Centrex systems provided by the local telephone company. These new systems provide a host of features, including call forwarding, call waiting, least-cost routing of long-distance calls, and a variety of accounting and auditing features. The term data communications is sometimes used to refer to virtually any form of information transfer other than voice. It is sometimes convenient to limit this term to information in the form of text(such as reports, memos, and other documents) and numerical data(such as accounting files). The rapid changes in technology have created fresh challenges for management in making effective use of data communications. We will briefly outline the changes in technology in transmission, networks, and communications software that present the manager with new powerful business tools but also the necessity of making choices among complex alternatives. 一个企业生存和蓬勃发展的信息:在改变与供应商,客户和监管机构的组织和信息的信息。此外,对信息的需求是一致的,访问,并在合适的位置。我们认为,在四种形式的语音,数据,图像,视频和分布式需求的影响的信息。 长期的语音通信,主要是指以电话相关的通讯。迄今为止最常见的沟通形式中的任何组织和大多数工作人员是直接的电话交谈。电话已几十年来的基本的业务工具。电话通讯最近已加强各种以计算机为基础的服务,包括语音邮件和程控电话交换系统。语音信箱提供的能力,发送,转发和回复语音邮件nonsimultaneously,它已成为一个成本效益的工具,甚至许多中小型组织。提供节省答录机和服务,以及更快捷的服务客户和供应商。程控电话交换系统,包括内部数字专用分支交换机(PBX)和本地电话公司提供的Centrex系统也取得了进展。这些新系统提供主机的功能,包括呼叫转接,呼叫等待,长途电话的最低成本路由,各种会计和审计功能。 长期的数据通信有时被用来指几乎任何其他信息传输比语音形式。有时可以很方便限制这个术语在文本形式的信息(如报告,备忘录和其他文件)和数字数据(如会计档案)。已创建管理新的挑战,在有效地利用数据通信技术的迅速变化。我们将简要概述在传输技术的变化,网络和通信软件,经理提出新的强大的商业工具,但也使复杂的替代品之间的选择的必要性。

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