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【英语】英语翻译专项习题及答案解析及解析

【英语】英语翻译专项习题及答案解析及解析
【英语】英语翻译专项习题及答案解析及解析

【英语】英语翻译专项习题及答案解析及解析

一、高中英语翻译

1.高中英语翻译题:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1.今年元旦我们玩得很开心。(enjoy)

2.舅舅昨天寄给我一张卡片,祝贺我18岁生日。(congratulate)

3.经过多年的建设,这个小镇现在和地震前一样充满了活力。(as...as)

4.演出以一段五十多岁的人耳熟能详的经典音乐开始。(familiar)

5.她一看完那个关于已灭绝物种的电视节目,就立志加入野生动物保护组织。(No sooner)

【答案】

1.We enjoyed ourselves this New Year’s Day this year.

2.My uncle sent me a card yesterday to congratulate / congratulating me on my 18th birthday. 3.After years of / years’ construction, the littl e town is now as lively as it was before the earthquake / it

used to be before the earthquake.

4.The performance began with a piece of classical music which was familiar to people in their fifties.

5.No sooner had she watched the TV program on the extinct species than she made up her mind to join the wildlife protection organization.

【解析】

1.根据“今年元旦”可知,该句用一般过去时,玩得很开心用词组enjoy oneself

2.根据“昨天”可知,该句用一般过去时,congratulate 的用法是congratulate sth或者congratulate sb on sth

3.根据“经过多年的建设”可知,后面描述的是建设后的情形,即现在的情形,因此用一般现在时,as..as..的用法是形容词或者副词放在中间。

4.根据句意可知,演出已经开始了,事情发生在过去,因此用一般过去时,familiar的用法是sb be familiar with sth 或者sth be familiar to sb

5.no sooner的句型为no sooner ...than,因为no sooner是否定词,因此no sooner后面要用部分倒装的句式。

2.高中英语翻译题:Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1.为了安全起见,小孩不应该被单独留在家里。(leave)

_________________

2.深深吸了一口气,他面带微笑地走上了舞台。(with)

_________________

3.一个人待人处世的方式能反映出他是怎样的人。(the way)

_________________

4.只有当一系列奇数问题得到解决,到 2025 年,新能源汽车才能占汽车销量的百分之二十。(Only)

_________________

【答案】

1.For the sake of safety/ For safety, children / a child should not be left alone at home 2.Having taken a deep breath, he went up to the stage with a smile on his face.

3.The way a person treats others can reflect what kind of person he is.

4.Only when a series of technical problems are solved can new energy cars account for 20 percent of all the car sales by 2025.

【解析】

【分析】

本题考查翻译,注意使用括号内的提示词进行翻译。

1.考查被动语态和“leave+宾语+宾补”结构。根据句意可知本句使用 leave sb alone表示“把某人单独留下”,children / a child与leave之间是被动关系,应该用被动语态,故翻译为:For the sake of safety/ For safety, children / a children should not be left alone at home

2.考查非谓语动词。he与take a deep breath之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,而且take a deep breath明显发生在went up to之前,所以用现在分词的完成式作状语,故翻译为:Having taken a deep breath, he went up to the stage with a smile on his face.

3.考查定语从句和宾语从句。way作先行词,定语从句的关系词,有三中引导方法:in which,that或省略,reflect为宾语从句,从句中缺少表语,用what引导,故翻译为:The way a person treats others can reflect what kind of person he is.

4.考查倒装。account for表示“占(比例)”,“only+状语”位于句首时,其后要用部分倒装,故翻译为:Only when a series of technical problems are solved can new energy cars account for 20 percent of all the car sales by 2025.

3.高中英语翻译题:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1.熬夜大大影响健康。(affect)

_________________________

2.等他明年回来,这个体育馆就建好了。(by the time)

_________________________

3.从长远来看,你的知识面越广,就越有能力应付工作中的问题。(capable)

_________________________

4.据信,过分溺爱孩子会不知不觉地造成孩子的坏脾气,甚至缺乏自理能力。(It)

_________________________

【答案】

1.Staying up late affects one’s health greatly.

2.By the time he comes back next year, the stadium will have been set up.

3.In the long run, the wider range of knowledge you have, the more capable you are of dealing with the problems at work.

4.It is believed that spoiling children too much may unconsciously cause their bad temper, even the lack of ability to take care of themselves.

【解析】

【分析】

本题考查翻译句子,注意使用括号内的提示词进行翻译。

1.考查非谓语动词。affect表示“影响”,是及物动词,后面直接接宾语,stay up表示“熬夜”,本句使用动名词作主语,陈述的是客观事实,用一般现在时,注意动名词作主语时谓语动词用第三人称单数,故翻译为:Staying up late affects one’s health greatly.

2.考查时态语态。by the time引导的时间状语从句,表示将来的时间时,从句用一般现在时,主句用将来完成时,stadium与set up之间是被动关系,所以用将来完成时的被动语态,故翻译为:By the time he comes back next year, the stadium will have been set up.

3.考查固定句式。be capable of表示“能够”,根据句意可知本句使用“the+比较级,the+比较级”结构,表示“越……,就越……”,陈述的是客观事实。用一般现在时,故翻译为:In the long run, the wider range of knowledge you have, the more capable you are of dealing with the problems at work.

4.考查形式主语和非谓语动词。ability后用不定式作后置定语,ability to do表示“做……的能力”,根据提示词可知本句使用it作形式主语,真正的主语是后面的that从句,陈述的

是客观事实,用一般现在时,故翻译为:It is believed that spoiling children too much may unconsciously cause their bad temper, even the lack of ability to take care of themselves.

4.高中英语翻译题:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1.这场因无视规则引发的事故值得我们深思。(ignore)

_________________________

2.梦想还是要有的,但不努力就不可能实现。(unless)

_________________________

3.正是这次经历才让我明白,我不该太过忙碌而错过生活的恩赐。(It)

_________________________

4.当前有一个非常令人费解的现象:一些年轻父母们宁愿把很多钱投资在早教上,也不愿意带娃旅行开阔眼界。(would rather)

_________________________

【答案】

1. The accident caused by ignoring the rules deserves/is worth our deep thinking/ careful consideration/reflection.

2.We still need to dream/have a dream, but it can’t be realized unless we work hard (on it). 3. It was this experience that enabled/helped me to realize (that) I shouldn't be too busy to miss the gifts/blessings that life brings to me.

4. There is a confusing phenomenon that many young parents would rather invest much money in/into early education than travel with kids to expand their horizons.

【解析】

1.考查ignore的相关用法。分析句子可知,本句为一般现在时,主语为The accident,用过去分词短语caused by ignoring the rules作The accident的后置定语。谓语为deserve/be worth后可直接接动名词,此时主动形式表达被动含义,也可直接接名词。故翻译为:The accident caused by ignoring the rules deserves/is worth our deep thinking/ careful consideration/reflection.

2.考查unless的相关用法。分析句子可知,本句为but连接的两个句子,且为一般现在时,还涉及unless引导的条件状语从句。重点动词及动词短语为work hard“努力”,realize“实现”。故翻译为:We still need to dream/have a dream, but it can’t be realized unless we work hard (on it).

3.考查强调句式。分析句子可知,本句为强调句式,强调句的时态为一般过去时,强调的是this experience,realize后接that引导的宾语从句,宾语从句中出现了too...to句式。错过生活的恩赐为“miss the gifts/blessings”其中gifts/blessings被后面的that引导的定语从句所修饰,且在定语从句中作宾语。故翻译为:It was this experience that enabled/helped me to realize (that) I shouldn't be too busy to miss the gifts/blessings that life brings to me.

4.考查would rather相关用法。分析句子可知,phenomenon后接that引导的同位语从句,同位语从句中涉及到了would rather do sth than do sth的用法。其中两个动词短语为invest much money in/into early education(很多钱投资在早教上)expand their horizons(扩展视野)。故翻译为:There is a confusing phenomenon that many young parents would rather invest much money in/into early education than travel with kids to expand their horizons.

5.高中英语翻译题:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1.很多人对他们的潜能一无所知。(ignorant)

__________________________________

2.这些政策在一定程度上对该地区的经济衰退负有责任。(extent)

__________________________________

3.自古以来老百姓就希望天下太平,同各国人民友好相处。(long for)

__________________________________

4.青少年问题的发展趋势值得我们关注和研究,也值得整个社会群策群力,共商对策。(which)

__________________________________

【答案】

1. Many people are totally ignorant of their potential (abilities/talents).

2.These policies are to some extent responsible for the region’s economic decline.

3. Since ancient times people have longed for a peaceful world to live together in friendship with people from/of all countries.

/Since ancient times people have longed for a peaceful world, where people of all/different countries live together in friendship.

4. The developing trend of youth/adolescent/teenager problems deserves our attention and research/ analysis, which also deserves the joint efforts of the whole society to find solutions. 【解析】

1.考查ignorant相关用法和时态。分析句子可知,句子为一般现在时,谓语动词为 be ignorant of...“不知道”、“不懂”。结合汉意,故翻译为:Many people are totally ignorant of their potential (abilities/talents).

2.考查extent的相关用法和时态。分析句子可知,句子为一般现在时,谓语动词为 be responsible for,to some extent“某一定程度上”为固定短语。结合汉意。故翻译为:These policies are to some extent responsible for the region’s economic decline.

3.考查动词短语和时态。分析句子可知,由句中的 Since ancient times 可知,本句为现在完成时,谓语动词为long for“ 渴望”,所以用have longed for。结合汉意。故翻译为 Since ancient times people have longed for a peaceful world to live together in friendship with people from/of all countries./Since ancient times people have longed for a peaceful world, where people of all/different countries live together in friendship.

4.考查关系代词。分析句子可知,本句时态为一般现在时,The developing trend of

youth/adolescent/teenager problems 为主语,谓语为deserve。本句还涉及非限制性定语从句,非限制性定语从句为一般现在时。The developing trend of youth/adolescent/teenager problems 为定语从句的先行词,在定语从句中作deserve的主语,所以关系代词为which。结合汉意。故翻译为:The developing trend of youth/adolescent/teenager problems deserves our attention and research/ analysis, which also deserves the joint efforts of the whole society to find solutions.

6.高中英语翻译题:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1.他排了好几个小时才买到这个新出的iPhone。(release)

2.一件雕塑赠予了城市博物馆,以纪念两个城市间的珍贵友谊。(present)

3.他一进饭店,就被告知这家饭店可以手机扫二维码点餐。(Hardly)

4.虽说忠言逆耳利于行,这个年纪的孩子很叛逆,你越劝,他可能越不会听。(advice)

【答案】

1.He waited for (several) hours in line/ queued for several hours before he bought/ got the newly-released iPhone./ Having waited/ after waiting for hours in line, he finally bought the newly-released iPhone.

2.A statue/ sculpture was presented to City Musuem/ the museum in this city in honour of/ in memory of/ in remembrance of / to commemorate / to honour the valuable/ precious friendship between the two cities.

3.Hardly had he entered the restaurant when he was informed/ told that he could order the food by scanning the code/ QR code with his mobile phone./use his mobile phone to scan the QR

code to order the food.

4.Although faithful/ frank/ honest advice is unpleasant to ear but beneficial to one's behaviour, children of this age are so rebellious that the more advice you give him, the less likely he is to follow it./ The more you try to persuade him, the less likely he is to listen to you.

【解析】

1.考查时态和过去分词作定语。根据汉语提示可知,本句的基础时态是一般过去时;“排队”wait…in line/ queue,“新出的iPhone”the newly-released iPhone,其中一个时间状语从句“过了……才……”…before…;本句还可用“排了好几小时队”的现在分词形式作为伴随状语,再结合其他汉语提示,本句可译为:He had waited for (several) hours in line/ queued for several hours before he bought/ got the newly-released iPhone. Having waited/ after waiting for hours in line, he finally bought the newly-released iPhone.

2.考查被动语态和短语。根据汉语提示可知,本句的基础时态是一般过去时;“以纪念”in memory of/ in remembrance of/ to commemorate/ to honor,“珍贵的友谊”precious/ valuable friendship,雕塑 (statue/sculpture)和赠与(present)之间是被动关系,故用一般过去时的被动语态,再结合其它汉语提示,故本句可译为:A statue/ sculpture was presented to City Musuem/ the museum in this city in honour of/ in memory of/ in remembrance of/ to commemorate/ to honour the valuable/ precious friendship between the two cities.

3.考查部分倒装和被动语态。根据汉语提示可知,本句的基础时态是一般过去时;“一……就……”hardly…when…,hardly置于句首时要部分倒装,“告知某人做某事”inform/tell sb. to do sth.,“使用手机扫描二维码”use his mobile phone to scan the QR code/ scan the QR code with his mobile phone,再结合其它汉语提示,故本句可译为:Hardly had he entered the restaurant when he was informed / told that he could order the food by scanning the code / QR code with his mobile phone./use his mobile phone to scan the QR code to order the food.

4.考查让步状语从句和固定句型。根据提示可知,本句的基础时态是一般现在时;“忠言”faithful/ frank/ honest advice,“越……越……”the + 比较级,the + 比较,“这个年纪的孩子”children of this age,“很有可能做某事”be likely to do sth.,“叛逆的”rebellious,“听取某人的建议”follow one's advice,再结合其它汉语提示,故本句可译为:Although faithful/ frank/ honest advice is unpleasant to ear but beneficial to one's behaviour, children of this age are so rebellious that the more advice you give him, the less likely he is to follow it./ The more you try to persuade him, the less likely he is to listen to you.

【点睛】

第三小题考查固定句型hardly…when…“一……就……”,该句型在时态上有要求,即主句用现在完成时,从句用一般过去时,如把hardly置于句首时,主语要部分倒装。例如:

I had hardly fallen asleep when I lay on the bed.我一躺在床上就睡着了。

→Hardly had I fallen asleep when I lay on the bed.

和它用法一样的句型还有no sooner…than…和scarcely…when…,例如:

I had no sooner fallen asleep than I lay on the bed.我一躺在床上就睡着了。

→No sooner had I fallen asleep than I lay on the bed.

7.高中英语翻译题:Translate tho following sentences into English, using the words given in

1.据报道这场森林大火吞噬了42条生命,摧毁了7000多幢房腿(It)

2.我国正在全力以赴促进经济与结构调整。(promote)

3.只有车记使备中国才能早日实现。(Only)

4.许多中国的航空公司允许乘客在飞行过程中使用手机,这意味我们可以在空中玩喜欢的游戏了。(allow)

【答案】

1.It was reported that the forest fire had killed 42 people and destroyed over 7000 buildings. 2.Our country is going all but to promote economic and structural adjustments.

3.Only when we keep the mission in mind can the Chinese dream be realized as soon as possible.

4.Many Chinese airlines allow passengers to use their smart phones during the flight, which means we can play our favorite games in the air.

【解析】

1.考查形式主语。It was reported that据报道,该句型是固定句型,其中it是形式主语,that引导的主语从句中,使用过去完成时,故翻译为It was reported that the forest fire had killed 42 people and destroyed over 7000 buildings.

2.考查时态和动词。表示正在进行的动作,用现在进行时,promote是及物动词,后面直接接宾语,故翻译为Our country is going all but to promote economic and structural adjustments.

3.考查部分倒装。以“only+它所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句”位于句首时,常使用部分倒装,故翻译为Only when we keep the mission in mind can the Chinese dream be realized as soon as possible.

4.考查固定句型和非限制性定语从句。allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事,该句型是固定句型。这里含有一个非限制性定语从句,修饰整个主句内容,故翻译为Many Chinese airlines allow passengers to use their smart phones during the flight, which means we can play our favorite games in the air.

8.高中英语翻译题:Translation

1.这些保存完好的历史建筑可以追溯到16世纪60年代。 (date)

2.John难得去老师那儿寻求帮助,他觉得自学会使自己受益更多。 (Seldom)

3.基于个人消费历史的网上年度账单可能会带来隐私泄露问题。 (bring)

4.近年来医患关系成为了社会热点,解除病人痛苦正是医生职责,病人也应充分信任与理解医生。 (relieve)

【答案】

1.These well-preserved historic buildings can date back to the 1560s.

2.Seldom did John ask teacher for help, and he thought that teaching himself would be more

3.Only a yearly bill based on personal consuming history may bring about the leak of private problem.

4.Recently, the relationship between doctors and patients has become a social hot point, but relieving the Patients’ pain is doctor's responsibility and the patients should f ully believe and understand the doctors.

【解析】

1.考查date back to的用法。根据句意及提示词可知,此处使用词组date back to“追溯到”,该词组没有被动语态,常使用一般现在时。故译为:These well-preserved historic buildings can date back to the 1560s.

2.考查seldom引导倒装句的用法。seldom位于句首时,后面需要部分倒装;根据句意可知,此处描述的是过去的动作,应使用一般过去时和过去将来时。故译为:Seldom did John ask teacher for help, and he thought that teaching himself would be more beneficial.

3.考查bring about的用法。根据句意及提示词可知,此处使用词组bring about“带来”,句子描述的是客观事实,应使用一般现在时。故译为:Only a yearly bill based on personal consuming history may bring about the leak of private problem.

4.考查relieve的用法。根据句意及提示词可知,此处使用动词relieve“解除”的动名词词组做主语,句子使用现在完成时和一般现在时,故译为:Recently, the relationship between doctors and patients has become a social hot point, but relieving the Patients’ pain is doctor's responsibility and the patients should fully believe and understand the doctors.

9.高中英语翻译题:Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1.已经有越来越多的人求助于瑜伽(yoga)来缓解工作中的压力。(turn)

2.在我们做出最终决定之前,我们务必要把相关事实考虑在内。(consideration)

3.这个游戏的独特之处在于它帮助孩子学会如何应对现实生活中他们可能遇到的问题。(What)

4.只有通过参与社区志愿者活动才能有效地增强学生服务大众的责任感。(Only)

【答案】

1.More and more people turn to yoga to relieve the stress from work.

2.Before we made the final decision, we make sure that the relative facts should be taken into consideration.

3.What makes the game unique is that it helps children learn how to deal with the problems they may meet in real life.

4.Only by taking part in the community voluntary activities, can the students increase the sense of serving the people.

【解析】

【分析】

本题考查学生对于词汇语句实境的应用能力。

1.考查比较级句式和动词固定结构。分析句子结构可知,时态为一般现在时,主语为“越来越多的人”,即:more and more people,谓语动词为turn to,意为“求助于”,“来缓解工作中的压力”为目的状语,可用to do 不定式表目的。故翻译为:More and more people turn to yoga to relieve the stress from work.

2.考查状语从句和名词固定结构。分析句子可知,“在我们做出最终决定之前”为时间状语从句,由before 引导,主句主语为“我们”we, 谓语为“确保”,make sure,之后可接宾语从句。提供词consideration 可构成固定结构“take sth into consideration”,意为”将……考虑在内”。故翻译为:Before we made the final decision, we make sure that the relative facts should be taken into consideration.

3.考查主语从句和疑问词+to do 不定式作宾语。分析句子可知,句子主语为“这个游戏的独特之处”,可由what 引导主语从句,谓语为“在于”,可由be动词充当,“它帮助孩子学会如何应对现实生活中他们可能遇到的问题”可作表语从句,且使用how to deal with the problems 短语结构。故翻译为:What makes the game unique is that it helps children learn how to deal with the problems they may meet in real life.

4.考查倒装句式。分析句子结构可知,“只有通过参与社区志愿者活动”可由only 引导方式状语位于句首,主句使用部分倒装结构,即:only +方式状语+助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语……” ,故翻译为:Only by taking part in the community voluntary activities, can the students increase the sense of serving the people.

【点睛】

“only+状语置于句首引起的倒装句”的基本用法

副词only置于句首,强调方式状语、条件状语、地点状语、时间状语等状语时,主句要进行部分倒装。即构成:Only+状语结构+助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语+其他

例如:

Only in a big city was it possible to buy a new wheelchair. 只有在大城市里才能买到新轮椅。Only when we had studied the data again did we realize that there was a mistake.

只有当我们再次研究了这些数据的时候,我们才意识到出了一个错。

Only because there were some cancelled bookings did he get some tickets in the end. 一些预订被取消了,他才得以买到了几张票。

小题4考查only引导的倒装句式。需要掌握句式结构的前提下,灵活御用所学词汇和短语结构。比如“参与”可由take part in 表达,“……的责任感”可由the sense of…表达。

因此全句翻译为: Only by taking part in the community voluntary activities, can the students increase the sense of serving the people.

10.高中英语翻译题:Translate the following sentences into English, using the word given in the brackets.

1.如果在这个小镇住上几周,你对这儿的生活情况就会更清楚。(picture)

2.尽管取得了行医资格,但他似乎并不像我们预期的那么开心。(despite)

3.每天仅准许两百名游客进入博物馆参观,因为里面的物品非常珍贵。(admit)

4.毫无疑问在这个充满竞争的社会,保持幽默有助于减少压力并促进创造性思维。(contribute)

【答案】

1.If you stay in this small town for a few weeks, you will have a clearer picture of the living conditions here.

2.Despite gaining the medical q ualification, he didn’t seem to be happier than we had expected. 3.Only two hundred tourists are allowed to admit to the museum, because the articles there are very precious.

4.There is no doubt that keeping humorous contributes to reducing stress and enhancing the creative thinking in the society filled with competition.

【解析】

1.考查if引导的条件状语从句。分析句子结构,这里是if引导的条件状语从句,主句用

一般将来时态,从句用一般现在时态;have a clearer picture of “对......有更加清晰的了解”,此处指“对这里的生活情况更清楚”。再根据所给其他汉语,故翻译为If you stay in this small town for a few weeks, you will have a clearer picture of the living conditions here.

2.考查介词despite和形容词比较级。此处despite“尽管”,是介词,表示“让步”,后面用动名词作宾语;句中使用形容词比较级,且than是连词,后面是宾语从句。再根据所给其他汉语,故翻译为Despite gaining the medical qualification, he didn’t seem to be happier than we had expected.

3.考查固定搭配和原因状语从句。这里是because引导的原因状语从句,主句主语部分是Only two hundred tourists,谓语是一般现在时态的被动语态are allowed to,固定搭配“be allowed to do sth.”. 再根据所给其他汉语,故翻译为Only two hundred tourists are allowed to admit to the museum, because the articles there are very precious.

4.考查固定句型、动名词作主语和过去分词作后置定语。句中使用固定句型:There is no doubt that---,在这个句型中that引导同位语从句;从句中动名词短语keeping humorous作主语,谓语动词用单数第三人称contributes to;动词短语contributes to中的to是介词,所以后面用动名词作宾语;the society和 filled之间是被动关系,是过去分词作后置定语。再根据所给其他汉语,故翻译为There is no doubt that keeping humorous contributes to reducing stress and enhancing the creative thinking in the society filled with competition.

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