大学英语精读第二册课件Unit1

Unit 1

Part I New words

heated a. 被加热的、热烈的、激烈的

a heated swimming pool 温水泳池

heated discussion 激烈的讨论

She had a heated argument with an official. 她和一位官员激烈地争论。

heat n. 热，高温

v. 变热，使变热

She is sensitive to both heat and cold. 它对热冷都很敏感。

The room faces north and is difficult to heat. 房间朝北，不易变暖。

unexpected a. 意料不到的；突然的

His death was totally unexpected. 他死得太突然。

He is an unexpected guest to her. 对于她来说, 他可是位不速之客。

expect vt. 预计…可能发生，预料，期望，盼望

we expect great things of you. 我们对你抱有很高的期望。

She expects to fail the exam. 她预料（认为）无法通过考试。

expected料到会有的

an expected increase in prices 料到会涨价

be (only) to be expected可以预料；相当正常

A little tiredness after taking these drugs is to be expected. 服用这些药以后觉得有点疲倦是正常的。

I?m afraid I?m very nervous.? …Don?t worry, that?s only to be expected.? “我怕自己太紧张了。”“别担心，这是正常的。”

naturalist n. 博物学家；博物学研究者；自然主义者nature, natural

shortly ad. 立刻，马上；不久

The flight was hijacked shortly after takeoff (it took off). 飞机在起飞不久遭到劫持。（hijack, highjack, rob of）

They knocked me down and robbed me of my wallet. 他们将我击倒并抢走了我的钱包。Three armed men hijacked a white truck. 三名武装男子劫持了一辆白色卡车。

colonial a. 殖民地的

a colonial country 殖民地国家

The people of Africa have successfully fought against colonial rule. 非洲人民成功地反抗了殖民统治。

colony n. 殖民地

At one time Britain had colonies all over the world. 英国曾在全世界都有殖民地。

spacious a. 宽敞的

They have moved to a more spacious residence on a hill top. 他们已搬到山顶上一个比较宽敞的住宅去了。

Our yard is spacious enough for a swimming pool. 我们的院子很宽敞, 足够建一座游泳池。

space n. 空间，距离

bare a. 光秃秃的，无遮蔽的，赤裸的，勉强的，刚刚够的

The boy likes to walk on the sand with bare feet. 这男孩喜欢赤足在沙滩上走。

the bare bones of the plot 情节梗概

a bare majority 勉强多数

Leaf fall had left the trees bare. 叶落使树成了光秃秃的。

bare and empty

bare通常只身体各部分没有穿戴或覆盖什么，或物体表面没有附属品，某些地方缺乏原有或应有的物品，强调物体表面。empty强调物体里面什么也没有，是空的。

marble n. 大理石

rafter n. 椽

Shine the torch up into the rafters, please. 请用手电筒照房椽。

veranda n. 游廊，走廊；阳台

She sat in the shade on the veranda. 她坐在阳台上的遮荫处。

spirited a. 生气勃勃的；精力充沛的

Vincent is a spirited fellow. 文森特是个精力充沛的小伙子。

a spirited attack 猛烈的攻击

a spirited performance 生动的表演

spirit n. 精神；心灵

he was a leading spirit in the conference. 他是会议的核心人物。

outgrow v. 长(发展)得超过(某物)的范围，长(发展)得不能再要，长得比...快(大)

James has outgrown his elder brother. 詹姆士长得比他哥哥高。

The boy has outgrown this suit. 这个男孩已长大, 穿不下这套衣服了。

This variety of tomato outgrows all others. 这种品种的西红柿生长得比所有其他品种快。

era n. 时代

We are living in the information era. 我们生活在信息时代。

reaction n. 反应

Their reaction to the joke is to laugh. 他们对这个笑话的反应是笑。

What is his reaction to your proposal? 他对你的建议有什么反应?

react v. 作出反应，反应

She didn't look up or react in any way. 她既不抬头, 也没有任何反应。

The police must be able to react swiftly in an emergency. 警方在面对紧急情况时必须能迅速作出反应。

crisis n. 危机, 恐慌, 危险期

an economic crisis 经济危机

ecological crisis 生态危机

crisis of overproduction 生产过剩危机

ounce n. 盎司，一点点，少量

Robyn summoned up every ounce of strength. 罗宾使出了全身的力气。

He has used up the last ounce of oil. 他已用完最后一滴油。

Six ounces of cheese, please. 请称6盎司的乳酪。

argument n. 争论, 争吵, 辩论

I had a big argument with my mother this morning. 今天早上我和妈妈大吵了一架。

I don?t want to get into an argument with he r. 我可不想和她争吵。

We had an argument about what we should buy. 我们为该买什么发生了争执。

argue v. 争吵, 辩论，坚决主张

She was too tired to argue the point. 她太累了，不想再就这一点争论了。

Columbus argued that the world was round. 哥伦布论证地球是圆的。

hostess n. 女主人/host n. 男主人

muscle n. 肌肉

The heart is made of muscle. 心脏是肌肉组织。

contract v. 收缩；缩小

Glass contracts as it cools. 玻璃遇冷收缩。

the heart is a muscle which contracts about seventy times a minute. 心脏是一种每分钟收缩约70次的肌肉。

contraction n. 收缩；缩小

Neurons control the contraction of muscles. 神经细胞控制肌肉收缩。

The forces of expansion are balanced by forces of contraction. 扩张力和收缩力相互平衡。

contract n. 合同，契约

Once you have reached formal agreement, you should enter into a contract with the other party.

你一旦达成正式协议, 就应该和对方签订合同。

motion v. 用手（或头）示意

He motions her towards the lift. 他示意她走向电梯。

The teacher motioned the boy to study. 老师示意那个孩子去学习。

motion n. 手势，运动

He always accompanied his speech with motions. 他讲演时总是伴以手势。

motion and rest/stillness 运动和静止

Motion is absolute while stillness is relative. 运动是绝对的，而静止是相对的。

widen v. 加宽，放宽；变宽

They are widening the road. 他们在加宽路面。

Her outlook gradually widens. 她的眼光渐渐开阔了。

bait n. 诱惑；诱饵

She used the prospect of freedom as bait to trap him into talking. 她用自由的前景作诱饵使他开口。

They were digging up worms to use for bait. 他们正在挖蚯蚓作鱼饵。

bait v. 装饵于; 引诱

I used a hook baited with fat. 我用有肥肉做饵的钩。

They bait the mousetrap with stale cheese. 他们用变质的乳酪作捕鼠夹的诱饵。

cobra n. 眼镜蛇

likely a./ad. 可能的/地

They are the likeliest candidates. 他们是最有可能当选的候选人。

He is the likeliest person for the job. 他是最适合做这份工作的人。

They'll very likely come by car. 他们很可能开车来。

impulse n. 冲动，脉冲

nerve impulses 神经脉冲

The plan will give an impulse to industrial expansion. 这个计划将促进工业的扩展。

give an impulse to trade 促进贸易

a man of impulse 易冲动的人

commotion n. 混乱；喧闹；骚动，骚乱

They made a commotion by yelling at each other in the theatre. 他们在剧院里相互争吵, 引起了一阵骚乱。

The people upstairs were making a great commotion. 楼上的人正闹作一团。

commanding a. 指挥的，统率的；有权威的，威严的；令人印象深刻的

a commanding officer 指挥官

The president is a man with a commanding appearance. 总统是位威严的人。

Her style is commanding. 她的风度令人注目。

forfeit v. 失去，丧失，被剥夺（财产，权利，特权）

You will forfeit your chance of getting your money if you are late. 如果你迟到, 就将失去取钱的机会。

forfeit one's life on the battlefield 阵亡

forfeit a motor license 汽车执照被没收

rupee n. 卢比（货币单位）

image n. 画像；塑像

She looked at her image in the mirror. 她看着镜子中自己的映像。

emerge v. 出现; 显出; 暴露

The ship emerged from behind the fog. 船从雾里露了出来。

He emerged from the accident unharmed. 他在这次事故中侥幸脱险没有受伤。

newly emerging areas of science 新兴的科学领域

emergence n. 出来;现出;出现;暴露

The last decade saw the emergence of a dynamic economy. 最近10 年见证了经济增长的姿态。Conditions after the war led to the emergence of a new type of political party. 战后的形势导致一种新政党的出现。

emergency n. 紧急情况；不测事件

an emergency exit 安全出口(紧急出口)

A doctor in emergency cleans the wound. 一位急诊科的医生清洗了伤口

Don?t call me unless it?s a real emergency. 除非紧急情况，否则不要叫我。

slam v. 砰地关上（门、窗或盖子）

he slams the door behind him as he leaves. 他离开时砰的一声关上门。

faint a. 微弱的, 模糊的, 暗淡的

The sounds of music grew fainter in the distance. 音乐的声音在远处逐渐变得微弱了。

a faint hope 一线希望

faint v. 昏厥，晕倒

The fires were fainting there. 火在渐渐熄灭。

faint n. 昏倒

He recovered from a faint. 他从昏厥中苏醒过来。

crawl v. 爬行；匍匐前进

They crawled from under the table. 他们从桌底爬过来。

Worms and snakes crawl. 虫类和蛇爬行。

track down追捕到, 追查出

It was not long before I tracked down the lost watch. 不久我就找到了遗失的表。

All citizens should help the police in tracking the criminals down. 所有市民都应该帮助警察追捕罪犯。

be seated 坐下

Now, pleased be seated. 现在，请各位就座。

spring up跳起; 跃起; 迅速成长

The boy has really sprung up this summer; I hardly recognized him. 这孩子今年夏天长得真快, 我几乎认不出他来了。

He sprang up from his seat. 他从座位上跳了起来。

at the sight of看见…时, 一看见

I don?t know why she always gets excited _____ of the ice cream.

A. catch sight

B. at the sight

C. the sight

D. on the sight

feel like想要…

Do you feel like going to a movie? 你想看电影吗?

come to苏醒; 清醒

In a few moments she suddenly came to. 过了一会儿, 她突然苏醒过来。

make for 走向

He made for the door. 他向门口走去。

ring out发出响声, 突然响起

Cheers rang out from the assembly hall. 大厅里响起了欢呼声。

light up照亮, 亮起来; (使)变得喜悦, (使)兴奋起来

The room suddenly lit up. 房间的灯突然亮了。

His face lit up with pleasure. 他的脸上散发着喜悦。

Part II Points in the Text

1. be referred to as 被称作/当作...

refer to ...as... 把...叫作/看成...

The teacher refers to the poor child as his own son.

The poor child is referred to as the son of the teacher.

refer to 提到；讲起；有关；涉及；参考；查阅

Don't refer to this matter again, please.

For further details, please refer to Chapter Ten.

2. settle安放，安顿，解决

The question has been settled.

He settled his child in a corner of room.

3. I first heard this tale in India, where it is told as if (it is) true—though any naturalist would know it couldn’t be.

在表示时间、地点、条件、方式等状语从句中，如果从句主语与主句主语一致，则从句中的主语可以省略。如果从句主语是it，谓语动词是be动词，则it be 都可以省略。

If (it is) necessary, I shall finish it in advance.

She walked up and down the road as if (she was) waiting for somebody.

4. open onto 通向，通往，和…相通

The French windows open onto the garden.

5. jumping-on-a-chair-at-the-sight-of-a-mouse是一个相当于定于从句的形容词

He is always in a what-will-be-will-be manner. 他总是一副乐天知命的样子。

(what will be, will be. “命中注定”)

He spoke in a look-who?s-talking tone. 他以一种“你不看看谁在讲话”的口吻说。

6. be + to do

The only thing to do is to pretend you didn?t hear.

Jack is to leave for New York tomorrow morning.

7. count计算，数；有价值，有重要意义

Can you count from one to twenty in English?

Quality is what counts most.

In sport what really counts is not the winning but the playing.

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