科技英语翻译总复习题版讲解
The rise in temperature could not have happened of itself.
温度上升不可能是出于自身的原因。
Be the shape of a body complicated, it is possible to find out its volume.
不论物体的形状如何复杂，人们均可求出它的体积。
The more energy we desire to send, the higher we make the voltage.
要求输送的电能越多，就得使电压升得越高。
The most typical humanlike characteristic of a robot is its arm.
机器人最具人性化的特点就是它的机械臂。
In our studies of the implications for the First Law, we were able to see the importance of the distinction between state and path functions.
我们研究第一定律时，可以明白区分状态函数和路径函数的重要性。
The first job of an electron tube is to get the electrons apart from their nuclei.
电子管的第一项工作就是使电子与其原子核分开。
That type of turbine usually rotates at a very low speed.
那种汽轮机通常以非常低的速度运转。
Small objects such as dust particles and water droplets fall only small distances before losing most of their acceleration.
小物体，比如尘粒和水珠，仅仅下落了一小段距离后便失去了其大部分的加速度。
The same has happened to the central control system.
中心控制系统也发生过同样的事故。
There’s hardly any room for any impurities in such a microfiber.
在这种微纤维中，杂质几乎没有存在的可能。
His instances were Lennard and Stark, both of them were Nobel laureates but later became fervent followers of Hitler.
他举出勒纳德及史塔克为例子。这两个人都得过诺贝尔奖，但后来却成了狂热的希特勒信徒。The primary function of a regulator is to supply constant pressure to each device.
调节器的基本功能是给每个装置提供稳定的电压。
The best use of these equations is in checking the theoretical analyses using the other approaches.
这些方程式最大的用处是可对采用了其他方法对理论分析进行检验。
第五章总复习题
This seems to indicate that further research would be necessary.
这似乎表明进一步研究的必要性。
An a.c. motor is similar in construction to a d.c. motor.
交流电动机与直流电动机结构相似。
Natural environment can be easily ruined by inappropriate exploration.
开发不当容易毁坏自然资源。
Negative charges are moving counterclockwise.
负电荷按逆时针方向流动。
The average value of voltage can be measured point by point.
电压的平均值可以逐点测量。
The problem of materials is eased by the lower boiling point.
由于沸点较低，材料问题容易解决。
As a result, although there is minimal friction present, a lubricant is still absolutely essential.
因此，虽然有很小的摩擦，但润滑剂仍旧是非常必要的。
Removal procedure for left-hand and right-hand cyclic cylinders is essentially the same.
左右两边循环气缸的拆卸步骤基本上相同。
Substantially, anthocyanin, the pigment that turns leaves--- and apples--- red, is produced by sugars that remain after the nutrients are choked off.
本质上，使树叶和苹果变红的色素——花色素苷是营养去除后剩余的糖分产生的。Massage will affect muscles throughout the body.
推拿将会对全身的肌肉组织产生影响。
In this test the major part is backed off electrically.
在此项实验中，主要部分被电补偿。
It is also good for shock and impact loads.
它还适用于振动和冲击载荷。
The term minimum life is also used to mean rating life.
最小寿命这个术语也指额定寿命。
Usually, a 2cm adjustment of the machine is enough to bring the pressure back to normal.
通常，把机器调整2厘米就足以使压力恢复正常。
Statistics is a rather modern branch of mathematics.
统计学是一门相当新的数学分支。
Computers provide the means for greater speed and accuracy in working with ideas than had previously been possible.
计算机处理意念时所提供方法的速度和精确度都超过了以往所能达到的水平。
Less than a quarter of the energy of a human engine is converted into mechanical energy.
人体发出的不到1/4的能量转变为机械能。
Hydrogen is the lightest gas, its density being 0.0894 g/l.
氢是最轻的气体，其密度为0.0894克/升。
The conductivity of polyacetylene drops rapidly in contact with air.
聚乙炔一接触空气，其导电性就迅速下降。
There is a brighter future for intelligent devices in the home.
家庭智能装置仍有着更加光明的前景。（省译）
The scientists found that the blood vessels in the leg cannot swell.
科学家们发现腿内的血管不会肿胀。
Once upon a time, bold claims were made about computers, the future and the “paperless office”. 曾几何时，有人就有关计算机、未来和“无纸化办公”做过大胆的预测。
The doctor advised against the use of the new treatment.
医生建议不要使用新的治疗方法。
If a good base cannot be found at a reasonable depth, then a so-called deep foundation must be provided.
若在合理的深度内找不到坚实的地基层，那就要采用所谓的深基础。
Magnetic lines of force cannot be seen, but we know they exist by what they do.
磁力线是看不见的，但是我们按照它们的作用即知它们的存在。
We may process directly with Kirchoff’s voltage law for the circuit.
对于电路，我们可直接从克希荷夫电压定律讲起。
The proper values of a and b are determined from two conditions.a和b的值由两个条件决定。
Optional communications are free from electromagnetic interference.
光电通信不受电磁的干扰。
This type of discrepancy could have resulted from differences in kinetics.
这种差异可能是由动力的不同而造成的。
The visual image of the letters making up the word is converted into its spoken equivalent.
将组成词的各字母的视觉形象转换成该词对应的发音。
Primitive man made weapons, tools, and utensils of copper, brass, and bronze.
原始人类用铜、黄铜和青铜制作成各种武器、工具和器皿。
The longer wavelengths of radio signals pass through the atmosphere relatively undisturbed.
相对来说，波长较长的射电讯号通过大气时没有受到干扰。
Most hardness-testing systems employ a standard load which is applied to a ball or pyramid in contact with the material to be tested.
多数的硬度实验系统使用一标准载荷加在与实验金属相接触的小球或棱锥上。
All metals are corrodible under the proper circumstances.
所有金属在一定情况下都是可腐蚀的。
The design of the rocket nozzle also has much to do with the behavior of the exhaust and the resulting velocity of the vehicle itself.
火箭喷管的设计与排气的性能及飞行器本身的有效速度有很大关系。
Peripheral milling operations are usually performed on milling machines with the spindle positioned horizontally; however, they can also be performed with end mills on vertical-spindle machines.
周铣作业通常在带有水平定位主轴的铣床上进行，但也可以在带有端面铣刀的主轴铣床上进行。
Copper and aluminum are the best conductors of electric current only after silver.
铜和铝是仅次于银的最好的导电体。
From various experiments we cannot but think the theory still holds good.
根据各种实验，我们不得不承认这个理论依然是行之有效的。
Hydrogen is generated from zinc and sulfuric acid.
氢由锌和硫酸所产生。
The sort of fish cannot live in the temperate zone, let alone in the frigid zone.
这种鱼不适合在温带生活，更不必说在寒带了。
The locomotive developed some new problems on its line-test.
这台机车在试运行时出现了一些新问题。
Gases can be chemisorbed or physically absorbed on solids.
气体能化学吸附或物理吸附在固体上。
Under ideal conditions the fatigue failure will consist of a spotting of the load-carrying surfaces. 在理想条件下，疲劳失效将是承载表面的点蚀。
Oxidation implies the combination of other elements with oxygen to form compounds.
氧化意味着其他元素与氧形成化合物。
第七章总复习题
Peripheral milling should generally not be done if the part can be face milled.
部件可以端铣，一般不应进行周铣。
Face milling is done on both horizontal and vertical milling machines.
端铣在卧式铣床和立式铣床上进行。
After fully relieving internal pressure, remove the nuts and bolts around flange joint of container. 内压完全消除后，拆下容器法兰盘四周的螺母及螺栓。
All gases at 0℃are found to gain 1 part in 273 of their volume when heated to 1℃, so long as the pressure remains constant.
只要内压保持不变，将0℃的任何气体加热到1℃，其体积就增加1/273。
If a catalyst was used, the reaction would occur more quickly.
如果我们使用了催化剂，反应可以进行的更快。
Loss of water causes the wood to shrink and become much stiffer and harder.
失去水分使木材收缩，从而变得更坚硬得多。
A graph shows the relationship between two or more variables.
曲线图表示两个或更多变量之间的关系。
Electricity is working everywhere, so everyone should know something about how it is generated and how it behaves.
到处都用电在工作，所以每个人必须了解一些有关电是如何产生的以及电的性能。Applications vendors and users as well as the operating system developers will stand to benefit.
应用软件供应商、用户以及操作系统开发者均可受益。
The scientists look upon the cell as both the structural and functional unit of all life.
科学家们把细胞看作是整个生命的结构单位和功能单位。
The heat that warms a body does not change either the weight of the body or its inertia.
使一物体变暖的热，既不能改变该物体的重量，也不改变其惯性。
The diesel engine requires neither an ignition system nor a carburetor.
柴油机既不需要点火系统，也不需要汽化器。
As the atoms approach, the splitting between the energy levels will be increased.
随着原子的接近，能级之间的分裂将增加。
An elastic material returns to its original shape after being forced out of that shape.
弹性材料在受压而改变其形状之后会恢复原形。
Strange as it may sound, the heat of the sun can be utilized to produce cold.
听起来虽然很奇怪，但太阳的热可用来制冷。
Thus the decision to use a fixed wing was one that had to be made before an airplane could fly satisfactorily.
因此，首先必须决定使用固定机翼，然后才能造出令人满意地进行飞行的飞机。
The filament cannot oxidize in these gases, as they don’t contain oxygen.
灯丝在这些气体中不会氧化，因为这些气体不含氧气。
Since radar waves differ in size from light waves, they act in a different way.
由于雷达波的尺寸和光波不同，所以作用也不同。
Such engines are also called internal combustion engines, because the fuel is burned in the cylinder.
这种发动机也称为内燃机，因为燃料在汽缸内燃烧。
A transformer is a very useful device, even though it can be used only with alternating current. 变压器是很有用的装置，虽然它只能用于交流电。
Outer ring shall be 30 mm in diameter unless otherwise specified.
除非另有规定，外圈的直径应为30毫米。
Don’t trim windshield to final size until all mounting holes have been drilled.
在安装孔全部钻完之前，不要按最终尺寸修正防风玻璃。
Since there are different scales of temperature and different systems of units, there are units of quantity of heat appropriate to these systems.
由于有各种不同的温标和不同的计量单位，所以有与这些计量单位相应的热量单位。Modern aircraft are so heavy that the wings must develop a very large lift force in order to sustain the aircraft.
现代飞机如此之重，以致要支撑住飞机，机翼必须产生极大的升力。
If all is satisfactory the load may be applied gradually till full load is reached.
如果一切状况良好，可逐渐加大荷载直至达到满载。
We don’t know exactly what causes the earth’s magnetism.
我们并不确切知道地磁现象是什么引起的。
When weight is given, the location and the corresponding acceleration due to gravity should also be specified.
当重量给定时，则该地点和相应的重力加速度也就确定了。
Gas molecules emit light while moving at high speed.
气体分子在高速运动时会发光。
Why the conversion of heat to work is different from that of work to heat is an important topic. 为什么热能转变为功不同于功转变为热，这是一个重要的题目。
This explains why a gas always expands until it fills the vessel containing it.
这就说明了为什么气体总是要膨胀直到它充满装它的容器。
The stator of the induction motor is made up of a laminated silicon-steel core and a stator winding. 感应电动机的定子由硅钢片制成的铁芯及定子绕组构成。
Since air has weight, it must press down on the surface of the earth.
由于空气具有重量，它必定对地球表面有压力。
Computer language is based on the binary system.
计算机语言以二进制为基础。
This electrical pressure acts much like water in a tank.
这种电压的作用很像是水箱中的水压。
The Spirotherm equipment gives the operator a good picture of the temperature distribution over the top of the burden.
利用Spirotherm装置，操作者可获得一个较好的炉顶物料温度分布图。
Again, the stainless steels do not have this second characteristic, but most metals do.
另外，不锈钢不具备这第二种特性，但大多数金属都具备。
Several research groups are concentrating on finding new methods of delivering drugs to the body. 几个研究小组都在集中精力探索向人体释放药物的新方法。
It is frequently advantageous to stake the surveying lines perpendicular to the known or presumed geological strike.
（在做物探测量时）将测线垂直于已知的或者假定的地质走向标出，通常是比较有利的。It is impossible to secure real economic and political independence of a country without developing its heavy industry.
不发展重工业不可能确保一个国家经济和政治的真正独立。
It is necessary to have a very large heating surface within the boiler.
锅炉里面必须有很大的受热面。
According to Albert Einstein, it is possible to change mass and energy into each other without a loss.
根据爱因斯坦的观点，质量和能量可互相转换而没有任何损耗。
In this way it is possible to make strong magnets.
用这种方法可以制造出很强的磁铁。
Such a bearing is designed to provide lubrication to reduce friction.
这样的轴承用来提供润滑以减少摩擦。
The hopper machine gives a substantial increase in loading rate as against the standard loader.
与一般的装载机相比，这种漏斗车可以大大提高装载速度。
The reduced pressure causes the inlet valve to open.
压力降低使得进给阀门打开。
Gases exhaled by volcanoes became the atmosphere of Venus, Earth, and Mars.
火山喷出的气体形成了金星、地球和火星的大气层。
The operation allows surplus energy to be used.
这道工序可以使剩余的能量得到利用。
We burn fuels in engines to make them work.
燃料在发动机里燃烧以使机器工作。
One of the objects of a well designed circuit is to avoid interference between components.
设计良好的电路所要达到的目的之一便是避免元件之间的干扰。
In one kind of transistor, there are three wires fastened to the crystal of germanium.
有一种晶体管，在锗晶体上面牢系着三根导线。
In the United States the customary voltage for household use has become 110-120V since it was discovered that higher voltages could cause fatal accidents.
美国通常的家用电压是110-120伏，因为人们发现，更高的电压会造成致命的事故。
Plant height was highly correlated with maturity, indicating that population with short stems tends to be early in maturity.
植株的高度与成熟期有密切的关系，这说明矮秆群体往往会早熟。
All other conditions being equal, we should first adjust the instrument to “zero”.
其他条件相同的情况下，我们应先把仪器调整到“零位”。
As an illustration of this, we can consider the discovery of air-pressure.
作为这方面的例证，我们可以研究一下空气压力的发现情况。
In the 1930’s, it was found that the atom could be split, releasing huge quantities of energy.
20世纪30年代人们就发现原子可以分裂并释放出大量的能量。
On the other hand, owing to the smaller furnace the gas utilization and thermal efficiency might become low.
另一方面，由于炉子小了，气体的利用率和热效率可能要降低。
An equipment failure or accident on the moon could have left the astronauts stranded.
在月球上如果有一种设备失灵或出事会使宇航员们束手无策、进退两难。
In order to keep the instrument in a good state ready for use at any time, it should go through necessary calibration regularly.
为确保仪器经常处于良好的可使用状态，平时必须定期对仪器进行必要的检测。
If the rope should break, the pulley would fall down.一旦绳子断了，滑轮就会掉下来。Sometimes it is desired that both the driver and the driven wheel rotate in the same direction.
有时希望主动轮和从动轮都向同一方向转动。
It will be appreciated that the necessity of providing a commutator with its carbon brushes complicates the construction of the motor.
我们可以理解，必须给换向器装备碳刷会使电动机的结构复杂化。
An interesting machine has been made to replace workers for dangerous jobs.
已造出一种有趣的机器代替工人做危险的工作。
Ceramics have long been limited by their brittleness.
易碎这个弱点长期以来限制了陶瓷的发展。
Investigators suspect that the virus was brought into the country through waste food.
调查人员怀疑，食品垃圾把这种病毒带入了该国。
第9章总复习题
He ascribed this disagreement to the oversimplified model.
他把这种不一致现象归因于模型过于简单。
Now iron and steelmaking processes are now reexamined worldwide.
现在世界范围内开始重新审视炼铁和炼钢工艺。
This disease is responsive to treatment with drug.
药物治疗这种病有良好的疗效。
Distilled water is needed in the laboratory in large quantities.
实验室里需要大量的蒸馏水。
Safety precautions should be observed at all times.
任何时候都应遵守安全预防措施。
The wing has a flat undersurface and a curved topsurface.
机翼的下表面是平的，上表面是弯曲的。
There exist many sources of energy, both potential and kinetic.
势能和动能都有许多来源。
In the sky, many planetary systems must be entirely lifeless.
天空的许多行星系必定是无生命的。
If the needle fails to remain at zero, readjust control No.1.
若果指针不能保持在零的位置上，应重新调整一号控制器。
The earth was not believed to be round but flat.
人们曾经认为地球是扁的而不是圆的。
Not enough power can be got out of the single-stage rocket to get the satellite up to where it should be.
从单级火箭上不可能获得足够的功率把卫星送到所需的位置。
第10章总复习题
In the early days of the telegraph and the telephone, men observed that signals sometimes jumped the space between wires running next to each other.
在电报及电话发展的早期，人们注意到信号有时会跳过并行导线的空间。
To understand both sides of the question, some background on how energy is obtained from a nuclear reaction must be studied.
要理解这一问题的两个方面，必须研究有关如何由核反应获得能量的一些基本情况。
V oyager’s photographs may help explain how they (Neptune’s rings) formed.
旅行者号拍摄的照片也许有助于说明这些光环是怎样形成的。
If the water is heated, the particles move more quickly, which agrees with our theory.
如果把水加热，粒子运动就更快，这一现象是和我们的理论吻合的。
Radiant heat waves pass through a vacuum, but may be absorbed by bodies whose temperature is thereby raised.
辐射热波能通过真空，但能被一些物体所吸收，因而这些物体的温度便升高了。
And there was the possibility that a small electrical spark might accidentally bypass the most carefully planned circuit.
辐射热波能通过真空，但能被一些物体所吸收，因而这些物体的温度便升高了。
People see things differently in the light of the fact that they are materialists and idealists.
由于人们的观点有唯物、唯心之分，因而他们对事物的看法也就不同。
There was evidence that all atoms consists of a nucleus and electrons.
有证据表明，所有原子都由原子核和电子组成。
Generally speaking, we do not use materials in the form in which they occur in nature.
一般来说，我们并不用自然界中天然存在的那种形态的物质。
These motors are, as a rule, especially designed for the specific machines with which they are used.
总的来说，这些电动机是为使用它们的专门机器特别设计的。
A machine spindle has different speeds which the operator selects according to the work.
机床主轴有几种不同的速度，操作人员可以根据工件进行选用。
Now that we have examined several areas of natural science, perhaps it would be well to attempt to define science.
既然我们以考察了自然科学的若干方面，也许不妨可以试试给科学下一定义。
Since an ammeter must be placed in series with the circuit, the latter must be opened for insertion of the meter.
由于电流计必须与电路串联，故后者必须断开以插入电流计。
Many of them have more than one solid states, as in the case of phosphorus, which is known in three solid phase: black, more familiar red and yellow forms.
其中许多种物质不止一种固态，例如磷，人们已知有三种固体相：黑色和人们比较熟悉的红色和黄色的形态。
A nuclear reactor gets energy from the loss in mass during the nuclear reactions, so we can consider mass a form of energy.
核反应堆在核反应期间由质量的损失而获得能量，因此我们可以把质量看作是能量的一种形式。
An automatic production line is excellent for the automotive industry, where thousands of identical parts are produced.
自动生产线很适用于汽车工业，因为那里生产成千上万个同样的零件。
If you are traveling forward in a train, surrounding objects outside appear to be moving backwards.
如果你在一列向前行驶的火车里，外面周围的东西好像是在向后移动。
Television equipment makes use of devices that can be considered optical because they depend on light rays for their operation.
电视装置所用的器件可看成光学器件，因为这些器件是靠光线来工作的。
If the laser drifts, an attempt should be made to scan the whole free spectral range as fast as possible.如果激光漂移，则应尽快地尝试扫描整个自由谱区。
The adjustment must be repeated each time the vessel is changed.
每当更换容器时都要重新调整。
Each time the short circuit happens, the short circuit current runs the battery down.
每当短路发生时，短路电流就将电池的电能耗尽。
When pressure is applied to ice, part of it will melt.
假如对冰加压，一部分冰就会融化。
An object, once it is in motion, will persist in that motion because of its inertia.
物体一经运动，由于惯性就将继续保持其运动。
Seeing that heat can be used to drive machines, it is a form of energy.
由于热能够用来驱动机器，所以它是一种能。
The black stain usually occurs where parts are in contact with each other.
黑锈斑通常发生在零件相互接触之处。
In the subsequent years there was a trend of higher yields in tilled plots, although the increase was non-significant.
在后来的几年中，在耕作过的地里年产量曾有增长趋势，不过这种增长并不明显。
It is evident that if in an oxygen converter carbon is replenished by continuous addition of coal and the exothermic combustion of carbon in the bath is balanced with the endothermic direct reduction of iron ore, and then the converter will be producing iron at a certain carbon content instead of steel.
很明显，如果在氧气转炉内碳是通过不断地添加煤来补充，而且熔池中碳的放热燃烧与铁矿吸热的直接还原相平衡，那么转炉可以生产含一定碳的铁而不是钢。
As shown by Sumitomo Metals the processes are not restricted to bottom blowing and a combination of top and bottom blowing is most likely to be chosen especially as post combustion of the CO is a most important possibility for the future.
住友金属公司的工作表明，这种工艺不仅局限于底吹，而且将来使一氧化碳产生二次燃烧成为最大可能时，组合式的顶一底吹会成为首选工艺。
The study of the chemical sensors was mainly concentrated on the subjects of selectivity, life, and cost; i.e. how to detect a specific material from the environment where many different substances co-exist (selectivity); how to maintain the sensor in the original condition (life); and how to economically achieve the targets (cost).
化学传感器的研究主要集中在选择性、寿命和成本上，即如何在很多不同物质共存的环境中测定某一特定物质（选择性）；怎样把传感器维持在初始状态（寿命）；怎样经济地实现目标（成本）。
The understanding of the mechanisms involved in the selectivity and reversibility of the sensors would be an interesting subject because it relates to a phenomenon of life, like crown ether and Valinomycin which are the simulation of the biologically selective membrane, the selection of the enzyme, microorganisms, anti-body, and organelle immobilized.
有关传感器的选择性和可逆性机理的研究与了解将会是一个有趣的课题，因为它与生命现象有关：像王冠以太和结氨霉素，它们就是生物选择膜的模拟，也就是酶、微生物、抗体和细胞器官固定膜的选择。
Deformation is affected by the stress inherent in the metal, the microstructural characteristics of the starting material, the temperature at which the deformation occurs, the rate at which the deformation occurs, and the frictional restraint between the material being forged and the die surface.
变形会受到金属的内在应力、原始材料的微观结构特征、变形时的温度、变形的速度以及被锻造的材料与模具表面间的摩擦阻力的影响。
科技英语翻译练习
科技翻译练习二 II: 汉译英 VR（虚拟现实）技术可广泛的应用于城市规划、室内设计、工业仿真、古迹复原、桥梁道路设计、房地产销售、旅游教学、水利电力、地质灾害、教育培训等众多领域，为其提供切实可行的解决方案。 在先进制造业领域，站在大飞机发动机的3D影像面前，“可任意拆卸”这个虚拟现实的强项表现得淋漓尽致。操作人员可以把虚拟发动机的许多部件逐一拆下，再进入发动机内部。“虚拟现实”实现了跨平台的交互式设计、虚拟展示、虚拟装配、CAE数据可视化等功能，大幅提高设计团队的设计效率，使研发人员能及时发现、修正设计缺陷和潜在的工艺问题，提高产品开发的制造成功率。 虚拟现实技术在教育培训领域也大有用武之地。为真实实验不具备或难以完成的教学功能创造条件。在涉及高危或极端的环境、不可及或不可逆的操作，高成本、高消耗、大型或综合训练等情况时，虚拟现实技术能提供可靠、安全和经济的实验项目。华东理工大学的G-Magic虚拟现实实验室，就是高校虚拟现实教学的一个范例。该实验室拥有CAVE洞穴式虚拟现实系统，可以把大学生设计的作品投影到墙面、天花板和地面上。比如，学生设计了一间淋浴房，他能利用这套系统把它展现在实验室里，和真实的淋浴房一样大小。营造出这种教学环境后，教师就能与学生更方便地交流各个环节的设计优劣，并随时做出修改。 企业的一些培训项目，同样离不开HYPERLINK "https://www.sodocs.net/doc/ac7911081.html,/view/7299.htm" \t "_blank" 虚拟现实 。以石油化工为例，众所周知，大型石油灌区集中了大量危险化学品，一旦操作不当，便可能引发火灾、爆炸事故，并造成环境污染等次生灾害。因此，政府和企业对大型石油灌区的安全性和操作人员的专业性提出了很高要求。虚拟现实技术可以构建储罐区应急救援及安全培训系统，它不但能向员工呈现操作流程的各种场景，引导他们学习、掌握安全操作技能，还能模拟事故发生、火光熊熊的场面，让员工在沉浸式虚拟影像中开展救援行动。 VR (Virtual Reality) technology can be widely used in many areas,such as urban planning, interior design, industrial simulation, historic restoration, design of bridges and roads, real estate sales, tourism, education, water power, geological disasters, education and training, and provide practical solutions. In the field of advanced manufacturing, standing in front of large aircraft engines of 3D image, The strengths of virtual -"can be arbitrary tear down" express thoroughly.The operators can put a lot of virtual engine parts one by one, and then into the internal engine.Virtual reality achieves many functions, such as,a cross-platform interactive design, virtual display, virtual assembly, and CAE data visualization capabilities, so it increase the team's design efficiency drastically, and researchers can find the corrected design flaws and potential process problems timely and improve product development manufacturing success rate. Virtual reality technology is also very useful in the field of education and training.It creates conditions for the real tests which are not available or difficult to complete the teaching function.When it refers to high-risk or extreme environments, inaccessible or irreversible operation, high cost, high consumption, large or comprehensive training, etc., virtual reality technology can provide reliable, safe and economical experimental projects.G-Magic Virtual Reality Lab of East China University is an example of virtual reality in University Teaching.The lab has a CAVE virtual reality of cave system and college students’design work can be projected onto the walls, ceiling and floor.For example, the student designed a shower room, he can use the system to show it in the laboratory as the same size as the real
科技英语翻译考试题目
Part I: Translate the Chinese in the brackets into English. (15%) 1. ____________________(爱因斯坦相对论)is the only one which can explain such phenomena. 2. Rate of penetration was found to ____________________ (与……成正比) the net pressure applied by the tool. 3. Being a ______________(非良导体/绝缘体), rubber is often used in cables. 4. Properly speaking, ___________(并非所有的物质) exist in three states. 5. An electric current produces ______________(磁场) around it. 6. With the result of automation, productivity has ___ ___________ (增加了5倍) in that factory. 7. Copper and aluminum are the best conductors of electric current ______________(仅次于银). 8. The neutron has __________________(既不带正电荷，也不带负电荷). 9. When the water temperature is increased, it vaporized more quickly until it reaches ________（沸点）. 10. A __________(变压器) is a very useful device, even though it can be sued only with alternating current. Part Ⅱ: Choose the better rendition for each of the following sentences.(20%) 1.由于我在会上发表论文，如蒙介绍有关会议的详细情况，不胜感激。 A) Because I will deliver a thesis at the conference, I shall appreciate it very much if you could introduce to me the detailed condition of the meeting. B) As I will present a paper at the conference, I will be grateful if you could supply me with detailed information about the meeting. 2. 西安附上我提供会议的论文，题目是“动物克隆在中国”，一式三份，如果要发电子邮件以转录软盘，我可以立即发出。 A) I am enclosing herewith my paper of the topic of “Animal Cloning in China” one form in three B) I am enclosing, in three copies, my paper entitled “Animal Closing in China” for the conference. If req uired, I can send an e-mail for the disk right away. 3．核能发电，是在20世纪才发展起来的新事物。不幸的是，建立和维持核发电厂的成本很高，使得建设速度要比原先预料的慢许多。---中国的第一座核发电厂，是于20世纪后期建立在深圳，靠近香港。 A) Using nuclear energy to generate electricity is a new thing developed in the 20th century. What is unfortunate is that the costs of building and maintaining a nuclear power plant are very high, making the speed of construction much slower than previously predicted. ----China’s first nuclear power plant was built in the late 20th century at Shenzhen near Hongkong. B) The production of nuclear power is a new development of the 20th century. Unfortunately, the high costs of building and maintaining a nuclear power plant have led to a much slower rate of growth than was predicted. -----China’s first nuclear power plant was built in the late 20th century at Shenzhen near Hongkong. 4. 不少科学家论证说，三国演义里所说的“木牛流马”，可能是一些有相当复杂性的机器，其工作原理可说类似于今天的某些器械装置。 A) Quite a few scientists say by reasoning that the “wooden cows, running horses” described in the Romance of the Three Kingdo ms could be rather complex machines whose working principles can be said to be like certain mechanical devices of today. B) Quite a few scientists argue that the “wooden cows, running horses” described in the Romance of Three Kingdoms could be machines of sufficient complexity working on principles supposedly similar to certain present-day mechanical devices. 5. 摘要：本文简单叙述和分析了本实验室最近对猪流感病毒所作的两次实验的成果。 A) Abstract: The results of two experiments on swine flu virus are briefly described and analyzed. B) Abstract: this article simply states and analyzes the results of two experimental tests this laboratory recently performed in the research on swine flu virus. 6. 珠江三角洲在中国的南部，气候良好，交通系统效率高，一向工农业都在快速发展。 A) The Pearl River Delta is to the south of China. It has a nice weather and a highly efficient communication system. Both of its industry and agriculture
科技英语翻译答案
科技英语翻译 1.1 翻译的标准 第1节翻译练习1 The power plant is the heart of a ship. The power unit for driving the machines is a 50-hp induction motor. 动力装置是船舶的心脏。 驱动这些机器的动力装置是一台50马力的感应电动机。 第1节翻译练习2 Semiconductor devices, called transistors, are replacing tubes in many applications. Cramped conditions means that passengers’ legs cannot move around freely. All bodies are known to possess weight and occupy space. 半导体装置也称为晶体管，在许多场合替代电子管。 我们知道，所有的物体都有重量并占据空间。 空间狭窄，旅客的两腿就不能自由活动。 第1节翻译练习3 The removal of minerals from water is called softening. A typical foliage leaf of a plant belonging to the dicotyledons is composed of two principal parts: blade and petiole. 去除水中的矿物质叫做软化。 双子叶植物典型的营养叶由两个主要部分组成：叶片和叶柄。 1.2 对译者的要求 第4节翻译练习1 Einstein’s relativity theory is the only one which can explain such phenomena. All four (outer planets) probably have cores of metals, silicates, and water. 爱因斯坦的相对论是能解释这种现象的唯一理论。（直译） 这四颗外层行星的内核可能都由金属、硅酸盐和水构成。（意译） The designer must have access to stock lists of the materials he employs. Part adjustment and repair must be performed on regular basis if an acceptable printed product is to be the end product. 设计师必须备有所使用材料的储备表。（意译） 要使印刷品的质量达到要求，部件调试及修理就必须定期进行。（意译） 第4节翻译练习2 The most important of the factors affecting plant growth is that it requires the supply of water. The doctor analyzed the blood sample for anemia. The apparent change in size of the sun is caused by dust in the air near the horizon.植物生长的各因素中最重要的是水的供应。（合译） 太阳的大小看起来有变化，这是由于靠近地平线的空气中有尘粒而引起的。（分译） 医生对血样作了分析，看是不是贫血症。（分译） These fragments of rock and iron range from thousand kilometers in diameter to less than one. Manufacturing processes may be classified as unit production with small quantities being made and mass production with large numbers of identical parts being produced.这些石块和铁块的碎片大小不等，大的直径有1000公里，小的不到1公里。（分译） 制造过程可以分为单件生产和大量生产。前者指的是生产少量的零件，后者则是指生产大量相同的零件。（分译） 第4节翻译练习3 Cartography is the science of making maps. Many elements in nature are found to be mixtures of different isotopes. 制图学是研究绘制地图的科学。（增译） 人们发现，自然界里许多元素，都是各种不同的同位素的混合物。（增译） The two units used most frequently in electricity are ampere and volt: this is the unit of voltage and that of current. That like charges repel but opposite charges attract is one of the fundamental laws of electricity. 电学上最常用的两个单位是安培和伏特：后者是电压的单位，前者是电流的单位。（增译） 同性电荷相斥，异性电荷相吸是电学的一个基本规律。（省译） 第4节翻译练习4 Almost any insulated body processes to some extent the ability to retain for a time an electric charge. The angular contact bearing provides a greater thrust capacity. The properties of the weld can be altered by varying the grain orientation. 几乎任何一种绝缘体都多少具有保留电荷一段时间的能力。 向心推力轴承有较大的轴向承载能力。 通过改变晶粒的方向可以改变焊缝的性能。 2.1 词义的选择 第1节翻译练习1 The spindle rotates simultaneously round two axes at right angles to each other. The earth isn’t completely round; it is slightly flattene d at the poles. In each round of operation the particle picks up energy from the oscillating electric field. 锭子同时绕两个互相垂直的轴旋转。（介词） 粒子每运转一周都从振荡电场获取新的能量。（名词） 地球并非完全是圆的，它的两极略扁平。（形容词） An electron is an extremely small corpuscle with negative charge which rounds about the nucleus of an atom. Her waist measures forty inches round. 电子是绕原子核转动且带有负电荷的极其微小的粒子。（动词） 她腰围40英寸。（副词） 第1节翻译练习2 Rate of penetration was found to be proportional to the net pressure applied by the tool. Scientists are constantly striving to find fast and convenient way of obtaining quantitative data. To find the area of a square or oblong, you merely multiply its length by its width. Certain isotopes are not found in nature. 人们发现钻孔速度与工具所受的净压力成正比。 求一正方形或长方形的面积，你只需将其长度乘以宽度。 科学家们总是力求找到快速而简便的方法获得定量数据。 有些同位素在自然界中并不存在。 New fibers find expanding applications in engineering and industry. Kangaroos are found in Australia. This plant is found in the sea near the mouth of rivers. Microcomputers have found their application in the production of genius sensors. Plastics find wide application in our daily life. 大袋鼠产于澳大利亚。 这种植物生长在近河口的海中。 新发明的纤维在工程和工业领域得到越来越广泛的应用。 微型计算机已经应用于智能传感器的生产中。 塑料在我们的日常生活中得到广泛应用。 第2节翻译练习1 The cause of rolling resistance is the deformation of mating surfaces of the rolling element and the raceway on which it rolls. Traditionally, NC programming has been performed offline with the machine commands The occurrence of large mats of floating algae may result in the death of many fish from lack of oxygen. 滚动阻力的起因在于滚动体的配合面和它滚动的滚道的变形。（技术性引申） 通常，数控机床的编程是脱机完成的，指令载于穿孔带上。（技术性引申） 大片大片漂浮的藻类的出现导致很多鱼因缺氧而死亡。（修辞引申） The splitting of the uranium or plutonium nucleus is accompanied by the release of very considerable amount of energy. The major contributors in component technology have been in the semiconductor. The distance between the two plates is small compared with their linear dimensions. Just as different solids and liquids vary in density, so do gases and vapors. 元件技术中起主要作用的是半导体元件。（具体化引申） 两板之间的距离相对于其宽度和长度而言比较小。（具体化引申） 随着铀核和钚核的裂变，会有极其巨大的能量释放处理。（修辞性引申） 正像不同的固体和液体的密度不同一样，不同的气体和蒸汽的密度也不同。（具体化引申） The Curies believed that there was something in nature that gave out radiation. Obviously, there is much room for the improvement in the structure. At present coal is the most common food of a steam plant. The facts have been set down in black and white. 显然，其结构还有较大的改进余地。（抽象化引申） 目前，煤是火电厂最常用的能源。（抽象化引申） 居里夫妇坚信，自然界中有一种物质能放出辐射能。（具体化引申） 这些事实已经清清楚楚地记录下来了。（抽象化引申） 2.3 词类的转换 第3节翻译练习1 Each time a sample was drawn for color determination. What is certain is that the oil spill has delivered a devastating blow to the ecology of the Persian Gulf. We should get familiar with different systems of units. 每次取一个标本测定颜色。 可以肯定，这场石油泄漏事件对波斯湾的生态是个惨重的打击。 我们应该熟悉各种（计量）单位制。 These decision-making processes are applicable to the entire field of engineering design--- not just to mechanical engineering design. Hydrogen instead of air is frequently used for cooling large turbogenerators. When the war was over, it was discovered that the Germans were nowhere near success in developing nuclear weapons. 常以氢气代替空气来冷却大型汽轮发电机。 第二次世界大战结束后，人们发现德国人在研制核武器方面离成功还很远。 这些判定过程可以应用于工程设计的整个领域，而不仅仅限于机械工程设计。 Various precautions have been taken against leakage. Once inside the oven, panels are subjected to a temperature of 365°F. Value is defined as a numerical ratio, the ratio of the function, or performance, to the cost. This new model should appeal to potential buyers. 一旦进入烘干炉，板材就处于365华氏度的温度条件下。 价值的定义是功能或性能与成本的数值比。 已采取了各种措施防止渗漏。 这种新式样对潜在的买主肯定有吸引力。 Galileo’s experiments are not difficul t, nor is there any evidence that he performed them with exceptional skill. Sometimes a scientist observes an object and its features, for example a star or a bird; sometimes he observes an event, which is something that happens at a particular time. Earthquakes are generally more destructive of life than volcanic eruptions. 有时科学家观察一物体及其特征，例如一颗星或一只鸟；有时科学家观察某一事件，即在一特定时间所发生的事。 地震对于生命的破坏通常大于火山爆发。 伽利略的实验并不难，也没有证据表明他是以非凡的技能来做实验的。 Heat should be applied slowly to avoid localized overheating. How rapidly a fuel burns depends on how thoroughly it is mixed with oxygen or air. This is why a coil is often referred to as an inductor. 一种燃料燃烧的速度有多快，取决于它与氧气或空气混合的均匀程度。 这就是线圈常被叫做电感器的原因。 应当慢慢加热，以避免发生局部过热现象。 第3节翻译练习2 Practically all of the useful properties of materials are strongly dependent on their internal structure. The metal casts well. A wire for conducting electric current is covered with plastic; the plastic is insulation round the wire. 几乎材料的一切有用特性都与其内部的结构有密切的关系。 这种金属有良好的铸造性能。 传导电流的导线包有塑料，该塑料便是导线周围的绝缘材料。 There are many ways of determining the distribution of the magnetism about a magnet. Good lubrication keeps the bearings from being damaged. Safety in a power plant is of great importance. Most modern transmitters employ solid state circuits. 安全在电厂是非常重要的。 现代发报机大多采用固体电路。 有许多方法来确定磁场周围的磁力分布状况。 润滑良好可保护轴承不受损伤。 E-Chemmerce now offers two main levels of online business intelligence on chemical, plastic and energy e-commerce. These images tend to exaggerate the robot’s similarity to human anatomy and behavior. Aluminum remained an expensive rarity till the discovery of the electrolytic process for reducing aluminum in 1886. 这些概念常常夸大了机器人与人类在形体和行为方面的相似之处。 《电子化工商务》目前主要提供两个层次的有关化学、塑料和能源电子商务的在线商务信息服务。 直到1886年人们发现电解法还原铝之前，铝一直是一种昂贵的珍品。 Since some materials are not damaged easily as others, the possibility exists of developing radiation-resistant parts. 由于有些材料不像另一些那样容易被损坏，所以有可能研制出防辐射的零件。 2.4 词的增译 第4节翻译练习2 第4节翻译练习1 This action externally appears like the discharge of a capacitor. Once out of the earth’s gravity, an astronaut is affec ted by still another problem--- weightlessness.
实用科技英语翻译-期末考试复习题
2009-2010学年第2学期 《实用科技英语翻译》期末考试题型和复习题 I Answer the following questions related to EST Translation (30’)（2个题） 1. What’s the definition of EST (English of Science & Technology)? EST (English for Science & Technology or Technical English or Scientific English) is a special language variety widely used in the fields of science and technology. It’s believed that it first came to being in the 1950s along with the rapid development of science and technology, and it many researchers and scholars began to conduct investigation of this common feature of this special genre including reading comprehension, writing and even translation. 2. What are stylistic features of EST? Completely different from other genres such as everyday English, literature English, EST has its own stylistic features due to the specialty in content, field and discourse functions, and partly due to the unique habits of EST writers, which are mostly represented in lexical level and syntactical level. 3. What are the general features of Compound Technical Terms? A. accuracy（确切性）: accurately reflect the nature of the concept B. monosemy（单义性）: one sense for one word C .systematization（系统性）:the individual technical terms in a given field should be in a specific level so as to constitute a common system D. linguistically correct（语言的正确性）: in accordance with the word-formation in the same language E. conciseness（简明性）: concise and easy to remember F. motivation（理据性）: just as the name implies, one can know the meaning of the word.
西南交通大学研究生科技英语翻译期末复习题
科技英语翻译联系200句 transmit electromagnetic waves takes energy. 传送电磁波需要能量 control will do most of things in pest control. 化学防治能在病虫害防治中起主要作用。 is not until wires are connected that the path is completed. 直到导线接上以后，此电路才接通。 odds are heavily against any man being able to do the work in the field of abstract theory that Einstein is doing. 对任何能从事爱因斯坦正在进行的抽象理论研究的人来说，条件都是极为不利的。 design is of an art rather than an exact science. 与其说振荡器的设计是一门严谨的科学，不如说它是一门艺术。 rapid decrease by a factor of 7 was observed. 发现迅速减少到（了）1/7。 and animals which hunt at night have eyes which contain few or no cones at all,so they cannot see colors. 凡是夜间觅食的飞禽走兽，因为眼睛中的视维细胞数量极少或根本没有，所以不能辨别颜色。 is sometimes powerful enough to destroy a coastwise building it strikes. 海啸有时威力很大，足可摧毁它所冲击的沿岸的建筑物。 everybody is convinced the Leaning Tower of Pisa really can be saved. 并非每个人都相信比萨斜塔真的能免于坍塌。 crane has a certain hitting
西南交大科技英语翻译期末考试复习题答案
1.Here great disturbances at the heart of the earth caused mountains and volcanoes to rise above the water. 这里，由于地心的剧烈活动，使山脉和火山升出水面。 2.After the Australian Taxation Office made its taxation forms simpler, it actually received praise from taxpayers who could finally understand it. 澳大利亚税务局将其表格文字简化后，受到了纳税人的广泛称赞，因为他们终于能看懂这些表格了 3.Although people are born to win, they are also born helpless and totally dependent on their environment. Winners successfully make the transition from total helplessness to independence, and then to interdependence. Losers do not. 虽然人们生来要成功，然而，他们同样生来就是无助的，完全依靠环境。成功者成功地从完全不能自立过渡到了独立，然后过渡到相互依靠。失败者则不然。 4.Darwin was convinced that the loss of the tastes in music and drawing was not only a loss of happiness, but might possibly be injurious to the intellect, and more probably to the moral character. 达尔文认为，失去对音乐和绘画方面的兴趣，不仅失去了幸福，而且还可能损伤智力，甚至可能会伤害道德。 5.No eating tools on the Chinese dinner table are more magical and distinctive than the chopsticks. 中餐桌上最神奇,最有特色的用餐工具莫过于筷子. 6.It is not on the shores of continents, nor in the coastal islands, however, that the soul of the great Pacific is found. It lies far out where the fabled South Sea Islands are scattered over the huge ocean like stars in the sky. 然而，浩瀚的太平洋最精美之处不在其大陆海岸，也不在沿海诸岛，而是在远离陆地的海域。在那里，富有神奇色彩的南太平洋诸岛像天上的繁星一样散布在广阔的海面上。 7.Circumstances and people are constantly changing. Some friendship last “forever”; others do not. 环境与人都在不断地改变。有些友谊地久天长，有些则如昙花一现。