新概念英语第四册课文翻译及学习笔记：Lesson3.doc

新概念英语第四册课文翻译及学习笔记：Lesson3 【课文】

First listen and then answer the following question.

听录音，然后回答以下问题。

What was the main objective of early mountain climbers?

Modern alpinists try to climb mountains by a route which will give them good sport, and the more difficult it is, the more highly it

is regarded. In the pioneering days, however, this was not the

case at all. The early climbers were looking for the easiest way to

the top, because the summit was the prize they sought, especially

if it and never been attained before. It is true that during their explorations they often faced difficulties and dangers of the most perilous nature, equipped in a manner with would make a modern climber shudder at the thought,[/b] but they did not go out of their

way[/b]

to court such excitement. They had a single aim, a

solitary goal -- the top!

It is hard for us to realize nowadays how difficult it was

for the pioneers. Except for one or two places such as

Zermatt and Chamonix, which had rapidly become popular,

Alpine village tended to be impoverished settlements cut off

from civilization by the high mountains. Such inns as there

were generally dirty and flea-ridden; the food simply local

cheese accompanied by bread often twelve months old, all

washed down with coarse wine. Often a valley boasted no

inn at all, and climbers found shelter wherever they could -- sometimes with the local priest (who was usually as poor as

his parishioners), sometimes with shepherds or cheese-makers. Invariably the background was the same ： dirt and poverty, and very uncomfortable. For men accustomed to eating seven-course dinners and sleeping between fine linen sheets at home, the

change to the Alps must have been very hard indeed.

WALTER UNSWORTH Matterhorn Man

【New words and expressions生词和短语】

Matterhorn n.马特霍恩峰(阿尔卑斯山之一，在意大利和瑞士边境 )

Alpinist n.登山运动员

pioneer v.开辟，倡导;n.先锋，开辟者

summit n.顶峰

attain v.到达

perilous adj.危险的

shudder v.不寒而栗

court v.追求

solitary adj.的

impoverish v.使贫困

Alpine adj.阿尔卑斯山的

flea-ridden adj.布满跳蚤的

coarse adj.粗劣的

boast v.自恃有

parishioner n.教区居民

shepherd n.牧羊人

linen n.麻布床

the Alps n.阿卑斯山脉

【文注】

1. the more...the more...越??就越??

用两个比，表示前后两者之 ( 水准等 ) 共同增的 ; 弱形容，

用其比形式。

例句： The older I grow, the more I know about our

culture.

我年越大，文化了解的就越深。

例句： The more the better.

多多益善。

2. attain得，达到，。

常与 goal/power/objective/target等搭配，近achieve 。

例句： I'm determined to attain my purpose at any cost.

我决心不惜任何代价达到目的。

形容形式 attainable，表示可达到的，可的。

例句： These objectives are certainly attainable.

些目一定能达到。

3.in the pioneering days ，在初期，里指登山运的初期。

①pioneer 作名，表示开拓者、开辟者：少先 young pioneer 。

②pioneer 作，表示当开拓者。

例句： They pioneered a new route to the coast.

他开辟了通往海岸的新路。

4.equipped in a manner with would make a modern climber shudder at the thought ，他的装如此陋，足以使代登山者

一想起来就胆心惊。at the thought，一想到(他的装)，英文

中省略了 of the manner。

5. go out of one's way ，特地，不怕麻。

all the way ，一路上;by the way ，便 ;give way to ，放弃，出。

6. cut off...from... ，把??与??隔。

例句： One of the goals of the campaign is to cut off the

elite Republican Guard from its supplies.

次的目之一就是共和党人没有支持者。

7.such inns as there were ，那里有的小客， as there were 用

来修 inns ，作定。

8. the food simply local cheese，在food后面省略了was。

9. acccustomed to??

accustom oneself to sth：自己某物

例句： He quickly accustomed himself to this new way of

life.

他很快就习惯了这种新的生活方式。

【参考译文】

现代登山运动员总想找一条能够给他们带来运动乐趣的路线来攀

登山峰。他们认为，道路愈艰险愈带劲儿。不过，在登山运动的初期，全然不是这种情况。早期登山者所寻找的是通往山顶的最方便的途径，

因为顶峰特别是前人未曾到过的顶峰 -- 才是他们寻求的目标。确实，在探险中他们经常遇到惊心动魄的困难和危险，而他们装备之简陋足

以使现代登山者一想起来就胆战心惊。但是，他们并非故意寻求这种刺激，他们只有一个目标，的目标 -- 顶峰 !

我们今天很难想像昔日的登山先驱们是多么艰苦。除了泽曼特和

夏蒙尼等一两个很快出了名的地方外，阿尔卑斯山山区的小村几乎全

是高山环抱、与世隔绝的穷乡僻壤。那里的小客栈一般都很肮脏，而且

跳蚤猖獗。食物是当地的干酪和通常存放了一年之久的面包，人们就

着劣酒吞下这种食物。山谷里常常没有小客栈，登山者只好随遇而

安。有时同当地牧师 ( 他通常和他的教民一样穷 ) 住在一起，有时同牧羊人或制乳酪的人住在一起。无论住在哪儿，情况都一样：肮脏、贫

穷，极其不舒适。对于过惯了一顿饭吃 7 道菜、睡亚麻细布床单的人来说，变换一下生活环境来到阿尔卑斯山山区，那一定是很艰难的。

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