2018年中考英语阅读写作复习专题指导

考前必背

书面表达

第1篇（2017 西宁15分）

讲文明，懂礼貌

今年是西宁市创建全国文明城市的攻坚之年，我市中小学正在开展以“提升文明素养，

做文明礼仪的倡导者”为主题的英语作文比赛。请写一篇80词左右的短文（文中不得出现

真实校名和姓名；首句已给出，不计入总词数）。要求包括以下要点；

1. 说话有礼貌；

2. 不横穿马路；

3. 不乱扔垃圾；

4. 不采摘花草;

5. 不在公共场所大声喧哗。

Be A Student With Good Manners

Nowadays we are trying our best to make Xining become a civilized city. As students, we

must know what we should do and what we shouldn’t do.

【写作点拨】本篇习作以西宁市中小学生开展“提升文明素养，做文明礼仪的倡导者”英语

作文比赛引出话题，围绕“做一个讲文明懂礼貌的学生”这一主题展开，根据要点提示明确

写作内容： 1. 说话有礼貌、不横穿马路、不乱扔垃圾、不采摘花草、不在公共场所大声喧

哗；2. 根据已给出的开头可知文章以第一人称为主，时态用一般现在时，注意情态动词和

祈使句的正确使用； 3. 字数为80词左右，首句已给出且不计入总词数。

【高分范文】

Be A Student With Good Manners

Nowadays we are trying our best to make Xining become a civilized city. As students, we

must know what we should do and what we shouldn’t do.

I think we should take an active part in this activity. First, we are supposed to speak politely.

We can say “Thank you.”, “Excuse me, …?”, or “Could you please…?” as often as possible. T we should cross the road when the traffic light is green. Third, please don’t step on the gras pick flowers. Do remember no mat ter where we go, be sure not to throw litter everywhere. What’s more, we shouldn’t speak loudly in public.

It’s our duty to do what we can to make our city more beautiful. I believe if everyone makes

an effort, Xining will be one of the most beautiful cities in our country.

（推荐陕西、云南、内蒙、吉林地区使用）

第2篇（2017 遵义20分）

鼓励我的人

我们都知道美国登山运动员Aron Ralston, 他的故事令人感动，激动人心。在我们身

边，一定也有那么一些人和事，他们或许平凡，或许渺小，但却总能鼓舞我们，催人奋进。

请以“The Person Encouraging Me”为题，写一篇80词左右的短文。

基本情况年龄、职业、外貌……

品质特征勇敢、善良、勤奋……（任选其一）

具体事例……

对你的影响……

要求：1. 任选一项品质特征，并用具体事例加以阐述。

2. 文中不能出现真实的姓名、校名和地名。

【写作点拨】细读所给文字提示可知本文用具体事例讲述鼓舞我的那个人，因此是一篇写人叙事类记叙文；文章主要介绍的是那个人在很多方面鼓舞“我”，人称应以第三人称为主，

时态以一般现在时为主。

【高分范文】

The Person Encouraging Me

My friend Daniel encourages me a lot in many ways. Now let me tell you something about him.

He comes from America. Now he and I are in the same school in China. He has a round face and often wears a pair of glasses. He has many good personalities. He is helpful. He often helps his classmates with the homework, and he also helps the old people cross the road. He is kind to others. He works at the Helping Hands Club. He is willing to help the people in need. He

is also creative and organized. For example, he can create a TV programme and organize the class

activities. He likes to share his things with others. And Daniel encourages me a lot. He encourages me to be kind and helpful.

（推荐陕西、云南、辽宁地区使用）

考前必练

完形填空

Cloze 1（2017呼和浩特10分）

克服自身缺陷、充满自信

Judy was a disabled(残疾的) girl. She had no arms when she was born. So she had to do many things with her feet. There were many questions about 1 she could live a normal life. However, her father had full confidence in 2 . With the support of her parents and family, she became confident in herself and continued to explore across the world, with her 3 . As a child, Judy studied 4 in her home town. When the first performance arrived, she asked herself to

be put in the 5 row. Her dance teacher told her there was no back row. Nervously, she appeared on the stage with the other students and performed 6 . When she finished, the applause(喝彩) from the audience gave her encouragement and the confidence to 7 dancing for 14 years. After graduating from high school, she attended the University of Arizona, where she got a bachelor’s degree in Psychology(心理学). When 8 her degree, she explains that the way people think has a greater influence on her life than a physical limitation .Judy’s most famous accomplishment(成就) was learning how to 9 . She received the Guinness World Record 10 being the first person permitted to fly an airplane with only her feet. Now Judy works as a lecturer. She travels the world sharing her story and encouraging people to be creative and confident. She often says. “Think outside the shoes.”

1. A. what B. whether C. that D. why

2. A. them B. us C. him D. her

3. A. feet B. arms C. legs D. mouth

4. A. guitar B. song C. art D. dance

5. A. front B. back C. middle D. right

6. A. terribly B. simply C. well D. badly

7. A. stop B. continue C. start D. teach

8. A. talking about B. talking with

C. talking to

D. talking back

9. A. drive B. act C. ride D. fly

10. A. for B. to C. in D. with

【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了天生就失去双臂的女孩Judy在父母和家人的鼓励

与支持下，充满自信，用她的双脚继续探索世界，并获得吉尼斯世界纪录的励志故事。故事

启迪我们：不要受自身条件的限制，要勇于创新尝试，要有自信。

【答案】1-5 BDADB 6-10 CBADA

（推荐陕西、辽宁地区使用）

Cloze 2（2017山西10分）

绿色骑行中国

Maxime and Lise are a young French couple. They are ready to travel across China from Beijing to Yunnan Province on a tandem bicycle (双人自行车). They have two main purposes and one of them is that they want to encourage green 1 through it.

Maxime, 26, works helping farmers raise their cows， 2 his wife Lise, 26，is a teacher. The two also like sharing their travel stories on Facebook.

“We choose a tandem bicycle because it makes it 3 to communicate with each other about interesting people and things we come across during the journey. 4 , bicycling is

a cheaper and more environment-friendly way of traveling than 5 cars, healthier. And it’s

motors and so on,” the couple said.

good ideas As for the other 6 of their journey, the two said they wanted to get people’ｓon topics such as health, economy (经济) and politics. When they were asked 7 they chose to visit China, they said it was because they often talked about its long history and beauty and how

much of the country is competitive (有竞争力的)in the world.

“We know China is a country with a large population and will be the 8 of the economy around the world in the future. We want to get a better understanding of the country and its people.

We 9 the country,” they said.

The couple will be on their journey to China soon. We hope they can make more people further 10 China by sharing what they see and hear on the way. Meanwhile, we hope they

enjoy their travel in China.

1. A. food B. farming C. travel

2. A. while B. though C. because

3. A. busier B. easier C. earlier

4. A. Besides B. Instead C. However

5. A. buying B. using C. making

6. A. order B. result C. purpose

7. A. how B. why C. when

8. A. leader B. player C. learner

9. A. need B. miss C. love

10. A. dream about B. hear about

C. know about

【主旨大意】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。讲述了一对年轻的法国夫妇计划骑双人自行车从北京

到云南。一方面他们想通过这种方式来鼓励人们绿色出行，另一方面他们想得知人们对健康、

经济和政治等话题的观点看法。作者期望通过他们的分享，能让更多的人了解中国。

【答案】1-5 CABAB 6-10 CBACC

（推荐陕西、云南、辽宁、内蒙地区使用）

阅读理解

Passage 1（2017西宁10分）

相处之道——相互理解

When I was small, my mom used to give the family a funny special treat from time to time—she would make breakfast food for dinner.

I remember she did so one night. She had been at work all day but wanted to do something special for us all. On that evening, my mom put a plate of eggs and very burnt toast（面包）in front of my dad. I waited to see if anyone noticed. But my dad just took his toast, smiled at my mom

and asked me how my day at school had been. I don’t remember what I told him that night. But I remember watching him put butter on that toast. He ate it up as usual.

After dinner, I remember hearing my mom apologize to my dad for burning the toast. I’ll never forget what he said:“Honey, I love burnt toast.”Later that night, I went to kiss daddy good

night. I asked him if he really liked his toast burnt. He wrapped（紧抱）me in his arms and said: “Your mommy worked very hard today. She’s really tired. And a bit of burnt toast never hurt anyone!”

Life is full of imperfect things. Nobody is perfect, either. I’m not the best at anything. I forget birthdays and other important events just like everyone else does. But I’ve learned something important from my father. Understanding is the basis of everything, whether between a husband

and wife, a parent and child or just between two friends. Remember, burnt toast never hurt anyone. It’s the people with the kind thoughts who make life worth living.

1. The writer’s father during the dinner.

A. didn’t take the burnt toast

B. ate up all the burnt toast

C. threw away the burnt toast

D. didn’t notice the burnt toast

2. What does the underlined word “apologize” mean?

A. 辨白

B. 谢罪

C. 道歉

D. 辩护

3. From what the father said to his son, we know the father .

A. could understand his wife

B. always argued with his wife

C. was a good cook

D. worked hard every day

4. What has the writer learned from his father?

A. The father liked to eat burnt toast.

B. The mother was not a good mother and was a little funny.

C. Understanding is the basic point of everything.

D. Life is not perfect, but the father is perfect.

5. What is the best title of the passage?

A. Life is imperfect

B. The father and the son

C. A big dinner

D. Burnt toast never hurt anyone

【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。妈妈辛苦工作了一天，晚上给家人做鸡蛋和面包，但是却

把面包烤焦了，爸爸并没有在意，而是向往常一样把烤焦的面包吃光了。儿子目睹了一切，

询问爸爸为什么这样做，爸爸告诉他：妈妈很辛苦，要理解她，吃掉烤焦的面包又不会伤害

到任何人。故事告诉我们：人与人在相处的时候要相互理解、宽容，这样才能享受生活。

【答案】1-5 BCACD

（推荐陕西、云南、吉林地区使用）

Passage 2（2017乌鲁木齐10分）

《摔跤吧，爸爸！》

“Let’s go wrestling, Dad!”《摔跤吧，爸爸！》is one of the Top 10 movies recently. It tells a true story about an Indian man and his two daughters. His name’s Mahavir. In real life, he is called “the father of Indian women wrestling” because thousands of girls across India have been supported to take up wrestling with his efforts.

A very famous Indian actor—Aamir Khan, played the role of Mahavir in the movie. It was an unusual experience for him. Aamir Khan was very serious about his character and he tried to make this character close to the true story. In order to act well,

he needed to put on weight to be very fat and then did

sports to be very strong in a short time.

Aamir Khan started to eat a lot every day before

making the movie. He ate at least 5 meals a day including

much junk food. He became too fat to run quickly.

It is simple to be fat but difficult to be strong. Aamir Khan invited many coaches to train him to lose weight and it took him a few months to be strong. He must eat less food and drink more water. Strength training is also important. This kind of physical training is very boring. He had to

lift different weights and did it over and over again. Aamir Khan set a goal to himself day by day and the minute he made it, he fell down on the ground and could hardly stand up. In the end, he became the exact person the movie needed.

The role he played was very moving and he succeeded at last. As he says, the most important thing in life is not whether you can reach your goal but whether you have made the greatest efforts.

s job?

1. From the passage, what is Aamir Khan’

2018高考英语全国Ⅰ卷阅读理解及翻译

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趣和轻松。华盛顿首都景点夜间自行车之旅 英里）持续时间： 3 7 小时（ 在华盛顿市中心进行一次夜间探险。加入一个小团体自行车旅行之中，当你骑自行车游览国会山和国家广场时，靠近这些纪念馆和纪念碑。当你的导游讲解独特的事实和历史的时候，你可以经常停下来拍照。这场旅行包括自行车、头盔和瓶装水。所有骑自行车的人都配有反光背心和安全灯。 B “早安英国”节目中的Susanna Reid 习惯每天早上坐在沙发上追问嘉宾，但是她准备在最新的角色中烹饪一手好菜——为家庭展示如何在预算紧张的情况下准备美味且营养的食物。 在“省钱：美食”节目中，她每周都会拜访一个不同的家庭，并在主厨Matt Tebbutt 的帮助下提供如何减少食物浪费的最佳建议，同时一天为每个家庭准备花销在 5 英镑以下的食谱。而且这位“早安英国”的主持人说，她能够在自己家里将她所学到的许多东西运用到实践中，为儿子们，14 岁的Sam，13 岁的Finn 和11 岁的Jack，准备饭菜。“我们喜欢墨西哥油炸饼，所以我就在手机上从本地墨西哥外卖餐馆买。”她解释道。 “我买一份花 5 英镑，但是Matt 制作一份花26 便士，因为

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