高考英语翻译试题(有答案和解析)

高考英语翻译试题(有答案和解析)

一、高中英语翻译

1．高中英语翻译题：Translation: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1．究竟是什么激发小王学习电子工程的积极性？(motivate)

2．网上支付方便了客户，但是牺牲了他们的隐私。(at the cost of)

3．让我的父母非常满意的是，从这个公寓的餐厅可以俯视街对面的世纪公园，从起居室也可以。(so)

4．博物馆疏于管理，展品积灰，门厅冷落，急需改善。(whose)

【答案】

1．What on earth has motivated Xiao Wang’s enthusiasm/ initiative to major in electronic engineering?

2．Online payment brings convenience to consumers at the cost of their privacy.

3．To my parents’ satisfaction, the dining room of this apartment overlooks the Century Park opposite the street and so it is with the sitting room.

或者What makes my parents really satisfy is that they can see the Century Park from the dining room of this apartment, so can they from the living room.

4．This museum is not well managed, whose exhibits are covered with dust, and there are few visitors, so everything is badly in need of improvement.

或The museum whose management is reckless, whose exhibits are piled with dust and whose lobby is deserted, requires immediate improvement.

【解析】

1．motivate sb to do sth 激发某人做某事，on earth究竟，major in 以…为专业，enthusiasm/ initiative热情/积极性，故翻译为What on earth has motivated Xiao Wang’s enthusiasm/ initiative to major in electronic engineering?

2．online payment网上支付，brings convenience to给…带来方便，at the cost of以…为代价，privacy隐私，故翻译为Online payment brings convenience to consumers at the cost of their privacy.

3．To my parents’ satisfaction令我父母满意的是，后者也那样so it is with。也可以用主语从句What makes my parents really satisfy 表语从句thatthey can see the Century Park from the dining room of this apartment。overlooks俯视，opposite the street街对面，living room 起居室。故翻译为To my parents’ satisfaction, the dining room of this apartment overlooks the Century Park opposite the street and so it is with the sitting room.或者What makes my parents really satisfy is that they can see the Century Park from the dining room of this apartment, so can they from the living room.

4．not well managed/ management is reckless疏于管理，be covered with dust/ be piled with dust被灰尘覆盖，few visitors游客稀少，be badly in need of improvement/ requires immediate improvement亟需改善。故翻译为his museum is not well managed, whose exhibits

are covered with dust, and there are few visitors, so everything is badly in need of improvement.或The museum whose management is reckless, whose exhibits are piled with dust and whose lobby is deserted, requires immediate improvement.

2．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1．我习惯睡前听点轻音乐。(accustomed)

2．将来过怎样的生活取决于你自己。(be up to)

3．没有什么比获准参加太空旅行项目更令人兴奋的了。(than)

4．家长嘱咐孩子别在河边嬉戏，以免遭遇不测。(for fear)

5．虽然现代社会物资丰富，给予消费者更多的选择，但也使不少人变成购物狂。(turn)

【答案】

1．I’m accustomed to listening to some light music before sleep.

2．It’s up to you what kind of life will lead in the future.

3．There is nothing more exciting than being allowed to take part in the space travel programme. 4．Parents ask their kids not to play by the river for fear that something terrible might happen. 5．While modern society, rich in material resources,has given consumers more choice, it turns many of them into crazy shoppers.

【解析】试题分析：

1．翻译这句话的时候，注意词组：be accustomed to doing“习惯于做……”。

2．这句话使用了句型：It’s up to you +从句，“做….由某人决定”。这里what kind of life will lead in the future.是主语从句，it是形式主语。

3．这句话使用了There be句型， nothing 后面是形容词做定语，因为是比较的含义用形容词的比较级more exciting，还有词组“被允许做”be allowed to ，以及词组“参加”：take part in 。

4．这句话使用了for fear that 引导目的状语从句，和词组“让某人不要做……”ask sb. not to do.

5．这句话使用了连词While 表示“尽管，虽然”。词组“富含”be rich in ，主句中使用了词组turn…. into …..“将…变成…”。

考点：考查翻译句子

3．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1．交友时不要以貌取人。(base)

________________

2．经历了一场大病后,他明白了生命无价。(suffer)

________________

3．2018上海进口博览会展示了创新理念,促进了自由贸易。(meanwhile)

________________

4．不管到哪里旅游,都应该尊重当地的风俗习惯。这样才能成为一名文明的游客。(no matter)

________________

【答案】

1．Don’t judge a person based on his appearance when making friends.

2．After he suffered a serious illness, he realized that life is priceless.

3．The 2018 Shanghai International Import Expo shows innovative ideas, meanwhile it promotes free trade.

4．No matter where you travel, you should respect the local customs and habits, which will help you become a civilized traveller.

【解析】

【分析】

考查重点单词句型翻译。

1．短语be based on“以……为基础”，本句为否定祈使句，用when引导时间状语从句，译为Don’t judge a person based on his appe arance when making friends.。

2．Suffer“遭受；忍受；经历”，本句为after引导的状语从句，译为After he suffered a serious illness, he realized that life is priceless.。

3．“上海进口博览会”为“Shanghai International Import Expo”；“创新理念”为“innovative ideas”，故译为The 2018 Shanghai International Import Expo shows innovative ideas, meanwhile it promotes free trade.。

4．本句为no matter+where引导的状语从句，且主句后用非限定性定语从句修饰，故译为No matter where you travel, you should respect the local customs and habits, which will help you become a civilized traveller.。

4．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1．新来的员工经验不足，在解决顾客投诉时遇到了麻烦。 (have trouble)

________________________

2．医生向病人保证，只要他按时服药就没有大碍。 (assure)

________________________

3．尽管日程安排很紧，他还是报名参加了他同事推荐的那个课程。(despite)

________________________

4．直到妻子与他离了婚，他才意识到他应该多抽一些时间陪伴家人，而不是一心只有工作。(until)

________________________

【答案】

1． The new employee was inexperienced, so (that) he had trouble (in) dealing with the customer’s complaint(s).

The new employee lacked experience, and he had trouble (in) dealing with the customers’ complaint(s).

Because of lack of experience, the new employee had trouble (in) dealing with the customers’ complaint(s).

2． The doctor assured the patient that he would be fine as long as he took medicine on time. 3． Despite his busy/full/tight schedule, he signed up for the course recommended by his colleague.

4． Not until his wife divorced him did he realize that he should have spared more time to keep the family company/stay with the family instead of being obsessed with/absorbed in his work.

He didn’t realize that he should have set aside more time to accompany the family instead of being busy with his work until he was divorced from/with his wife.

【解析】

1．考查have trouble的相关用法。分析句子可知，本句为一般过去时，所以用had trouble (in) doing sth ,句子可以翻译成so /and 连接的并列句或者so that 连接的结果状语从句。也

可翻译为一个简单句。“缺少经验”可以翻译为：was inexperienced，lacked experience，lack of experience。再根据其他汉语提示，故翻译为：1. The new employee was inexperienced, so (that) he had trouble (in) dealing with the customer’s complaint(s).

The new employee lacked experience, and he had trouble (in) dealing with the customers’ complaint(s).

Because of lack of experience, the new employee had trouble (in) dealing with the customers’ complaint(s).

2．考查assure的相关用法。分析句子可知，本句为一般过去时，谓语为assure后接

sb+that宾语从句。再根据其它汉语提示，故翻译为：The doctor assured the patient that he would be fine as long as he took medicine on time.

3．考查despite的相关用法。分析句子可知，本句为一般过去时，谓语动词为signed up for, 过去分词短语recommended by his colleague作course的后置定语，despite为介词后接名词his busy/full/tight schedule作宾语。故翻译为：Despite his busy/full/tight schedule, he signed up for the course recommended by his colleague.

4．考查until相关的用法。分析句子可知，本句为一般过去时，主句为not…until的用法，realize后接that引导的宾语从句，从句的谓语为should have done“本应该做某事，而实际上没有做”。until从句的谓语为be divor ced from/with sb “与某人离婚”。忙于做某事be obsessed with/absorbed in his work/ be busy with his work置于instead of之后，所以形式为being obsessed with/absorbed in his work/ being busy with his work。再根据其它汉语提示，

故翻译为：He didn’t realize that he should have set aside more time to acc ompany the family instead of being busy with his work until he was divorced from/with his wife 也可将Not…until 放在句首，引导部分倒装句，故翻译为：Not until his wife divorced him did he realize that he should have spared more time to keep the family company/stay with the family instead of being obsessed with/absorbed in his work.

【点睛】

not until 的倒装句归纳总结

1.当 Not until位于句首时,句子要倒装.其结构为:Not until+从句/表时间的词+助动词+(主句)

主语+谓语+.如:

Not until the teacher came in did the students stop talking.直到老师进来学生们才

2.not until的强调结构为:It is / was not until+从句/表时间的词+that+其它成分

根据 not until倒装句的用法，小题4还可翻译为：Not until his wife divorced him did he realize that he should have spared more time to keep the family company/stay with the family instead of being obsessed with/absorbed in his work.符合第一点用法。

5．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in

the brackets.

1．他刚要关闭电脑，就在这时手机响了。(when)

________________________________

2．他将代表全班同学在新年晚会上向老师们表示真诚的感谢。(on behalf of)

________________________________

3．我们付出的每一次努力未必都能成功，但是但凡值得我们做的事情都值得做好。(worth) ________________________________

4．不只是一个人的日常言谈举止，就连他目前正在读的那本书都清楚地向我们表明了他是

一个怎样的人。(as well as)

________________________________

【答案】

1． He was about to turn off / shut down the computer when the / his cell / mobile phone rang. 2． On behalf of the whole class / all his classmates, he will express / show / extend sincere gratitude / thanks to the teachers at the New Year / Year’s Party.

3． Every effort that we make can / may not be successful, but whatever is worth our / us doing is wor th our / us doing well. / Every effort that we make is not necessarily successful. … / Every effort that we put in is not always going to / does not always work, …

4． The book (that / which) a person is reading at present as well as his daily words and deeds / actions clearly indicates / shows / suggests what kind of person he is.

【解析】

1．本题考查固定句式，be about to do sth.---when---“正要做某事，这时候”，结合所给汉语

可知用一般过去时，故答案为He was about to turn off / shut down the computer when the / his cell / mobile phone rang.

2．固定词组：on behalf of“代表---”，结合所给汉语可知主句用将来时，答案为On behalf of the whole class / all his classmates, he will express / show / extend sincere gratitude / thanks to the teacher s at the New Year / Year’s Party.

3．句中使用whatever引导的主语从句和be worth doing sth.结构，结合所给汉语可知effort

后要用that引导的定语从句，故答案为Every effort that we make can / may not be successful, but whatever is worth our / us doing is worth our / us doing well. / Every effort that we make is

not necessarily successful. … / Every effort that we put in is not always going to / does not always

work, …

4．句中使用定语从句和as well as“和---一样”结构，句子主语是as well as之前的内容，谓语与主语一致。再结合所给汉语可知book后加定语从句，答案为The book (that / which) a person is reading at present as well as his daily words and deeds / actions clearly indicates / shows / suggests what kind of person he is.

6．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1．女孩子们没有必要在深夜为了省钱而去拼车。（need n.）

2．在现代社会中，年轻人承受着巨大的压力，这会导致平均寿命的缩短。(which)

3．他在联合国大会上关于消除性别歧视的演讲获得了高度赞扬。(compliment)

4．他在最后期限到之前全身心投入论文的写作，最终因为劳累病了。( down)

【答案】

1． There is no need for girls to share a car at midnight to save money.

2． Young people are under a lot of stress in the modern society, which will result in/ cause/ lead to the shortening of average life expectance.

3． His speech on eliminating gender prejudice at the conference in the United Nations received great compliments.

4． He had been devoted to the essay writing before the deadline and eventually was down with tiredness.

【解析】

【分析】

本题考查翻译句子，注意一些固定短语和固定句型的使用，同时也要注意名词单复数及非谓语动词。

1．本题的难点在于There is no need for sb to do句型，注意拼车可以用share a car来表示。2．本题的难点在于非限定性定语从句的使用，under stress表示“承受压力”。

3．本题需要注意compliment是可数名词，此处要使用复数形式。

4．本题需要注意be devoted to后需要接动名词或名词作宾语，be down with表示“由于……病倒了”。

7．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1．老师们认为学生的卓越在于勤奋和持之以恒。(lie)

2．无论遇到什么苦难，我们希望这些鼓励案例能给你力量和决心。（confront）

3．毫无疑问，做暑假作业有助于我们巩固知识，发现问题，并进一步提高我们的自主学习能力。(doubt)

4．和别的假期活动相比，这次考试旨在敦促学生努力学习，让其意识到“学习如逆水行

舟”。(mean)

【答案】

1．Teachers consider that students’ excellence lies in diligence and perseverance.

2．No matter what difficulties you confront/ are confronted with, we hope these encouraging cases can give you power and determination.

3．Without doubt, doing summer vacation homework is helpful for us to strengthen our knowledge, find out problems and improve our self-study ability further .

4．Compared with other holiday activities, this assignment is meant to urge students to study hard so as to let them realize that learning is like sailing against the current.

【解析】

【分析】

考查句子翻译。

1．考查固定短语。固定短语lie...in“在于……”。短语diligence and perseverance“勤奋和持之以恒”。且根据句意应用一般现在时，故译为Teachers consider that students’ ex cellence lies in diligence and perseverance.。

2．考查固定短语。固定短语be confronted with“面对”；本句为no matter what引导的让步状语从句，根据句意用一般现在时，故译为No matter what difficulties you confront/ are confronted with, we hope these encouraging cases can give you power and determination. 。3．考查固定短语。固定短语without doubt“毫无疑问”，本句为动名词短语doing summer vacation homework做主语，为一般现在时，故译为Without doubt, doing summer vacation homework is helpful for us to strengthen our knowledge, find out problems and improve our self-study ability further .。

4．考查固定短语。固定短语be meant to“有意要；旨在”；固定短语urge sb. to do sth.“敦促某人做某事”。且Compared with做伴随状语。故译为Compared with other holiday activities, this assignment is meant to urge students to study hard so as to let them realize that learning is like sailing against the current.。

8．高中英语翻译题：翻译句子（根据汉语以及英语提示翻译以下句子）

1．I don’t want to _________________facts(记下一系列的事实) in a diary as most people do. 2．_______________________除了写作), I also enjoy rock climbing.

3．______________疲劳而且气喘吁吁的), Andy and Ruby were the first to reach the top of Mount Tai.

4．我仍然发现和他们交朋友很难。(find it hard to…)

_____________________________________________________________________.

5．直到到家玛丽才认识到她丢了钥匙。（not until 的强调句型）

_____________________________________________________________________.

【答案】

1．set down a series of

2．In addition to writing

3．Tired and short of breath,

4．I still found it hard to make friends with them.

5．It was not until she got home that Mary realized that she had lost her key.

【解析】

【分析】

本题考查完成句子和句子翻译。

1．考查短语。短语set down记下，写下；a series of一系列。句意：我不愿意像大多数人那样在日记中记流水帐。故填set down a series of。

2．考查短语。短语in addition to除了……，to是介词。句意：除了写作，我也喜欢攀岩。故填In addition to writing。

3．考查形容词。这里形容词作状语是表示伴随状语，解释说明主语。句意： Andy and Ruby第一个到达泰山山顶，他们又疲劳而且气喘吁吁的。故填Tired and short of breath。4．考查短语。find it hard to…发现……很难。句中it作形式宾语，真正的宾语为to make friends with them.故填：I still found it hard to make friends with them.。

5．考查强调句。not until 的强调句型为：It is/ was not until + 被强调部分 + that + 其它部分。从句用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时。故填：It was not until she got home that Mary realized that she had lost her key.

9．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1．值得一提的是,这座刚落成的教学楼配备了先进的视听设备。(worth)

2．在新品发布前,老板要求广告公司展开调查来收集潜在客户的信息。(demand)

3．面对着诸多不确定因零,家长对孩子的学业成绩感到焦虑是一件正常的事情。(face) 4．要牢记:只要按部就班实现每个短期目标,我们就可以在科研上取得一个又一个的突破。(Bear)

【答案】

1．It is worth mentioning that the newly-built teaching building has been equipped with advanced audio-visual equipment.

2．Before the new product is launched, the boss has demanded that the advertising agency (should) carry out a survey to collect/gather information about potential clients.

3．When they are facing/ (faced with) many uncertainties, it is natural/normal parents to feel anxious about their children's academic performance.

4．Bear in mind that as long as we reach every short-term goal step by step, we can make one

breakthrough after another in scientific research

【解析】

【分析】

本本大题考查用所给的词翻译英语句子。此种题首先要分析所给的汉语句意及所给词的用法，明确考核的要点，选择恰当的词语搭配。这不仅要用所给的语法项目进行恰当的翻译，同时还要注意翻译句子时要根据具体的语境。此外一定要避免汉语式的英语翻译。1．考查固定用法。“Sth. be worth doing worth”为固定用法，意为“某事值得做”。“be equipp ed with...”为固定搭配，意为“配备有......”。此句中的根据语境可知，因此可用it作形式主语，真正的主语是“这座刚落成的教学楼配备了先进的视听设备”。故本句可译为： It is worth mentioning that the newly-built teaching building has been equipped with advanced audio-visual equipment.

2．考查demand引导的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。Demand在表示“要求”时，所引导的宾语从句要用虚拟语气should+动词原形，should也可省略。故本句可译为：Before the new product is launched, the boss has demanded that the advertising agency (should) carry out a survey to collect/gather information about potential clients.

3．考查face的用法。“某人面对某事时”可用“sb. face sth.” 或用“sb. be faced with...”。根据语境可知，此句是由when引导的状语从句。故本句可译为：When they are facing/ (faced with) many uncertainties, it is natural/normal parents to feel anxious about their children's academic performance.

4．考查固定用法。“Bear ...in mind”为固定用法，意为“把......记住”。根据语境可知，bear

的宾语中含有一个状语从句，“只要按部就班实现每个短期目标”可译为“as long as we reach every short-term goal step by step”，第二句中“取得突破”要运用“make one breakthrough”。故本句可译为：Bear in mind that as long as we reach every short-term goal step by step, we can make one breakthrough after another in scientific research。

10．高中英语翻译题：Translation

1．我突然想起我忘记通知他们考试的时间地点了。 (occur)

2．任何能够采用新方法解决这道技术难题的人，都值得受到奖赏。 (approach)

3．我们不该等到感恩节才向那些关心和爱护我们的人表示感激，这是我们每天生活中应该做的事。 (until)

4．随着技术的发展以及电脑的普及，网络课程在多大程度上能取代传统教学方法还需拭目以待。 (extent)

【答案】

1．It suddenly occurred to me that I forgot to remind them of the time and place for the exam. 2．Anyone who can adopt new approaches to solving the technical problem deserves to be rewarded.

3．We shouldn’t show our gratitude to those who care about and love us until the Thanksgiving Day, which we should do in everyday life.

4．With the development of techniques and the popularity of computers. it remains to be seen

to what extent the online classes can replace the traditional teaching ways.

【解析】

【分析】

考查句子翻译。

1．考查固定句式和固定短语。固定句式It suddenly occurred t o sb. that…“某人突然想起……”；固定短语forget to do sth.“忘记做某事”；remind sb. of sth.“提醒某人某事”。结合句意应用一般过去时，故翻译为It suddenly occurred to me that I forgot to remind them of the time and place for the exam.。

2．考查定语从句和固定短语。本句为定语从句修饰先行词anyone，且先行词在从句中做主语，指人，故关系代词用who。固定短语adopt n ew approaches“采用新方法”；solve problem“解决问题”。且主句应用一般现在时，主语为anyone，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故翻译为Anyone who can adopt new approaches to solving the technical problem deserves to be rewarded.。

3．考查定语从句和固定短语。本句为定语从句修饰先行词those，且先行词在从句中做主语，指人，故关系代词用who。固定短语not…until…“直到……才……”；show gratitude“表达感激”；care about“关心”。且应用非限定性定语从句修饰上文整个句子，关系代词用which。故翻译为We shouldn’t show our gratitude to those who care about and love us until the Thanksgiving Day, which we should do in everyday life.。

4．考查固定短语和固定句式。本句为with的复合结构，表示“随着……”，固定句式it remains to be seen to…“……拭目以待”，且结合句意应用一般现在时，故翻译为With the development of techniques and the popularity of computers, it remains to be seen to what extent the online classes can replace the traditional teaching ways.。

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