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综合学术英语教程答案

综合学术英语教程答案
综合学术英语教程答案

综合学术英语教程2 答案

Unit 1 Multidisciplinary Education

Keys to the Exercises

Approaching the Topic

1. 1) The aim of college education is to produce individuals who are well on their way to become

experts in their field of interest.

2) The growing importance of producing professionals who have the skills to work with people

from a diverse set of disciplines.

3) First, through an interdisciplinary approach; Second, through a multidisciplinary approach.

4) College education should produce individuals who may later become expert who are

interdisciplinary problem solvers.

2. 1) f 2) d 3) a 4) e 5) g 6) m 7) j 8) k 9) l 10) i 11) b 12) h 13) c

4. (1) offered (2) stresses (3) ability (4) different (5) approach

(6) increasingly (7) graduates (8) enter (9) positions (10) Employment

6. 1) Multidisciplinary studies.

2) They both believe that current college education should lay emphasis on multidisciplinary studies, which is a prerequisite to producing future expert who are interdisciplinary problem solvers.

3) Open.

4) Open.

5) Open.

Reading about the Topic

3. 1) The students have brought to MIT their individual gifts, such as their own intellect, energy,

ideas, aspirations, distinctive life experience and point of view, etc.

2) They represent the geographic and symbolic center of MIT.

3) Names of intellectual giants.

4) Leonardo da Vinci was a painter, scientist, engineer, sculptor, inventor, city planner and

architect.

4.Set 1: 1) c 2) e 3) d 4) h 5) a 6) g 7) f 8) b

Set 2: 1) e 2) a 3) h 4) b 5) c 6) f 7) d 8) g

5.(b) Para. A (b) Para. B (a) Para. C (c) Para. D

(f) Para. E (e) Para. F (d) Para. G (g) Para. A

6. 1) Because for him, the simplicity he appreciated in nature became his ultimate standard in

design.

2) First was da Vinci's complete disregard for the accepted boundaries between different f ields

of knowledge. The second facet of da Vinci's character was his respect for and fascination

with nature. The third quality of da Vinci's character was an enthusiastic demand for

hands-on making, designing, practicing and testing, and for solving problems in the real world.

3)“There is a good chance that you will never again live and work in a community with as many

different cultures and backgrounds as MIT.”(Para. F)

4) Because by doing so, the students can engage themselves in new intellectual adventures so as to use their time at MIT to its fullest potential.

5) It means that “They took the initiative to search for the deepest answers, instead of sitting back and letting things happen to them.”

7. Set 1: 1) h 2) d 3) a 4) g 5) f 6) e 7) b 8) c

Set 2: 1) c 2) g 3) d 4) a 5) h 6) f 7) e 8) b

8. 1) She wanted to describe for the new students three of his characteristics that particularly f it

with the value of MIT.

2) Because by doing so, the students can encounter the most stimulating minds and inspiring role models, experience a life in a community with diversif ied cultures and backgrounds and participate in various new intellectual adventures, so that they can get the most out of their

MIT education.

3) The three of Da Vinci's characteristics will be the heritage of MIT to be inherited by the students. She hoped that the new students would follow Da Vinci as well as a great many extraordinary MIT teachers as their role models to use their time to its fullest potential.

4) Multidisciplinary thinking is a mode of thinking that goes beyond disciplinary boundaries in

order to gain new ideas and fresh perspectives.

9. 1) Human ingenuity will never devise any inventions more beautiful, nor more simple, nor more

to the purpose than Nature does. (Para. A)

2) For Da Vinci, the simplicity he appreciated in Nature became his ultimate standard in design.

(Para. B)

3) Be as determined in your curiosity as Leonardo da Vinci —and you will use your time at

MIT to its fullest potential. (Para. F)

4) MIT is a place of practical optimism and of passionate engagement with the most important

problems of the world. (Para. G)

5) I had long since observed that people of accomplishment rarely sat back and let things

happen to them. (Para. H)

10. Many scientists and engineers at MIT pursue simplicity in their design and development of

technologies.

Exploring the Topic

4. 1) It is believed that a multidisciplinary approach to scientific education is of vital importance.

2) Second, a multidisciplinary emphasis is believed to be a prerequisite to training individuals.

3) It cannot be denied that these f irms are participating in turning out the future thinkers.

4) How about examining our problems about science and technology from a liberal arts

perspective.

5) Surprisingly, however, our universities and colleges fail to switch from the conventional

divisions and departmental sections to daily extracurricular multidisciplinary work.

5. Reading 1 begins with a contrast —“College education has always had the responsibility to ... However, ... we also see the growing importance of producing ...”. The introduction of Reading

2 is informative as well as interesting, which arouses the readers' interest to go on reading. Integrated Exercises

2. (1) ultimate (2) spirit (3) feed (4) approach (5) property (6) represent

(7) discipline (8) aspiration (9) inspire (10) perspective (11) inherit (12) generate

3.

(1) inspiring (2) generation (3) collaborative (4) aspiring (5) Intelligent

(6) inherit (7) celebrity (8) speculated (9) representative (10) anatomical

4. (1) D (2) A (3) C (4) B (5) D (6) A (7) B (8) C (9) A (10) C

5. (1) Many celebrated researchers around the world are collaborating to develop a new vaccine.

(2) The scientists' experiment generated an unexpected outcome.

(3) If the systems are restructured, their effectiveness will be ultimately integrated into the

global economy.

(4) The doctors speculate that he died of a stroke caused by a blow on the head.

(5) The murder trial attracted considerable public attention.

(6) The aspiration for college education inspires people in remote areas to work hard.

(7) He inherited his parents' fortune after their death.

(8) He disregarded his father's advice and left college.

(9) In this address, he asked the youngsters, who embody the spirits of the nation, to join the

campaign.

(10) The special diet incorporates many different fruits and vegetables.

7. (1) Whoever run the red light shows a complete disregard for public safety.

(2) Success, as he explained, was nothing more than a consistent pursuit of art and good luck.

(3) The new product has benef ited from research work at the crossroads between biological and

medical studies.

(4)It was amazing that his idea echoed well the great philosopher's belief, which he claimed not

to have heard about before.

(5) The one-month intense training program prepared the team members well for possible

emergencies.

(6) The audience was deeply impressed with the vigor and power of the speech delivered by the environmentalist.

(7) This traveling experience will provide you with a rare opportunity to sample a different way of

life.

(8) Using the limited time to its fullest potential is one of the must-have/required skills in adapting

to the fast-paced modern life.

(9) More and more countries are bringing robots to bear on their various problems.

(10) These students are encouraged from a very early age to follow their own boundless interests

well beyond the boundaries of conventional belief in obedient learning.

8.

A. (1) B (2) C (3) B (4) B (5) D

B. As multidisciplinary design has become a trend in the industry, there is a need for more emphasis on multidisciplinary perspectives. Educational institutions should take their role in training individuals who can function in a collaborative environment and be prepared to face multifaceted projects that they may not have been exposed to. However, our universities and colleges fail to shift from traditional divisions and departmental sections to multidisciplinary work being practiced on a daily basis outside the classroom.

C. 1) F 2) T 3) F 4) T 5) T

D. (1) what learning is about (2) be inquisitive (3) learn a new subject

(4) analyze a new problem (5) teacher-taught (6) master-inspired

(7) self-learner (8) the trap of dogma (9) no single simple answer

(10) black and white (11) critical thinking (12) tolerant and supportive

(13) a new thesis topic (14) flexibility (15) style of leadership

Unit 2 The Scientific Method

Keys to the Exercises

Approaching the Topic

1. 1) The Scientific Method is a body of techniques for investigating phenomena and acquiring knowledge, as well as correcting/integrating previous knowledge. It involves gathering observable, empirical and measurable evidence, the collection of data through observation and experimentation, and the formulation and testing of hypotheses.

2)Scientists put forward hypotheses to explain what is observed. They then conduct experiments to test these hypotheses. The steps taken in the experiment must be capable of replication and the results emerge as the same. What is discovered may lead to a new hypothesis.

3) Scientists are human and can be unintentionally biased; total objectivity is impossible.

4) Scientists are human and can be unintentionally biased. Science uses our senses and our senses can be mistaken. We can never understand something as it really is because our very presence affects what is being studied.

5) ①Science is both a body of knowledge and a process.

②Science is exciting.

③Science is useful.

④Science is ongoing.

Science is reliable. ⑤.

⑥Science is a community endeavor.

2. 1) c 2) g 3) e 4) f 5) a 6) d 7) h 8) k 9) b 10) i 11) j

4. (1) aspects (2) process (3) satisfy (4) technologies (5) puzzle

(6) collection (7) evidence (8) ensure (9) diversity (10) professional

6. 1) Science.

2) It brings to mind many different pictures: white lab coats and microscopes, a scientist peering

through a telescope, the launch of the space shuttle, and so on.

3) Science can discover the laws to understand the order of nature.

4) Because it relies on a systems of checks and balances, which helps ensure that science moves towards greater accuracy and understanding, and this system is facilitated by diversity within

the scientific community, which offers a range of perspectives on scientific ideas.

5) Open.

Reading about the Topic

3. 1) The modern scientific method is characterized by confirmations and observations which “verified”the theories in question, but some genuinely testable theories, when found to be false, are still upheld by their admirers, which rescues the theory from refutation only at the price of destroying, or at least lowering, its scientific status.

2) A theory which is not refutable by any conceivable event is non-scientific.

3) Their theories were constantly verified by their clinical observations. They always fitted and were always confirmed.

4) Light must be attracted by heavy bodies (such as the sun).

5) There is the risk involved in a prediction: the theory is incompatible with certain possible results of observation —in fact with results which everybody before Einstein would have expected.

4. Set 1: 1) c 2) a 3) d 4) b 5) f 6) e 7) h 8) g

Set 2: 1) b 2) e 3) a 4) f 5) d 6) c 7) h 8) g

5. Para. A (b) Para. B (c) Para. C (e)

Para. D (e) Para. E (a) Para. F (d)

6. 1) Observations, hypotheses, and deductions, then conclusions.

2) You will need to research everything that you can f ind about the problem.

3) You shouldn't change the hypothesis. Instead, try to explain what might have been wrong

with your original hypothesis.

4) An important thing to remember during this stage of the scientific method is that once you develop a hypothesis and a prediction, you shouldn't change it, even if the results of your experiment show that you were wrong.

5) Because there is a chance that you made a miscue somewhere along the way.

7. Set 1: 1) c 2) a 3) d 4) b 5) f 6) e 7) h 8) g

Set 2: 1) e 2) g 3) a 4) f 5) c 6) b 7) d 8) h

8. 1) Observation, as the f irst stage of the scientific method, is a way of collecting information from any possible sources, which can serve as a foundation in verifying a theory. In this process, one should expect an event which could refute the theory. Only through being

refuted by new observations which are incompatible with the theory could it be falsified,

which ref lects its true

scientific virtue.

2) A hypothesis is a possible solution to a problem, based on knowledge and research, while a theory is a hypothesis confirmed by the research findings. Every theory cannot be applied to every situation; otherwise, it is not a good theory.

3) It is always possible to verify nearly every theory, but that would rescue the theory from refutation at the price of destroying, or at least lowering its scientific status.

4) To falsify a theory is more valuable, because a theory which is not refutable by any conceivable event is non-scientific.

9. 1) Because of this personal experience and an interest in the problem, you decide to learn more

about what makes plants grow. (Para. B)

2) The experiment that you will design is done to test the hypothesis. (Para. D)

3) Through informal, exploratory observations of plants in a garden, those with more sunlight

appear to grow bigger. (Para. H)

4) The judges at your science fair will not take points off simply because your results don't

match up with your hypothesis. (Para. K)

5) You cannot prove the hypothesis with a single experiment, because there is a chance that you

made a miscue somewhere along the way. (Para. Q)

10. Observation, the initial stage of the research, requires a thorough understanding of a research

project you have chosen by collecting adequate information from various sources, and is

followed by the next stage known as hypothesis, an uncomplicated statement that defines what you think the outcome of your experiment will be.

Exploring the Topic

4. 1) Science does not include explanations based on no empirical evidence.

2) The human nature of science, however, renders it unlikely to be free of personal prejudices, misapprehensions, and bias.

3) The scope of science encompasses the whole universe and natural world.

4) Science is a process of deciding whether the acquired evidence may prove what is most

likely to be correct currently.

5) It is not possible to prove a hypothesis with a single experiment, as chances are that a

mistake was made somewhere in the process.

Integrated Exercises

2. (1) additional (2) illustrate (3) interpret (4) conduct (5) previous (6) involve

(7) design (8) verify (9) reflect (10) collect (11) research (12) support

3.

(1) methodical (2) commitment (3) achievable (4) assume (5) illogical

(6) exposure (7) constitutive (8) emphatic (9) confirmation (10) identity

4. (1) A (2) B (3) A (4) D (5) A (6) B (7) C (8) A (9) D (10) B

5. (1) This observation motivated Newton to develop a theory of gravity.

(2) Other scholars attempt to approach the subject from an economical perspective.

(3) Participating in the activity will provide one with an initial taste of the objectives of

sociology.

(4) Scientists insisted there was a rational explanation for the strange phenomenon.

(5) To most young people, higher education is nothing but a process of acquiring knowledge.

(6) The study demonstrates the necessity of taking a much broader view in the matter.

(7) The new car's design successfully integrates art and technology.

(8) China actually encountered the identical stages of its development in the early 1990s to the

West.

(9) The virus can spread to a document or application between computers and render the

computer useless.

(10) If the sustainable development of small economies is facilitated, their effectiveness will be

ultimately integrated into the global economy.

7. 1) We could not attend a conference without hearing some talks about change and challenge.

2) Things seem highly optimistic in the light of numerous reports, especially from country districts.

3) I am in favor of the argument that urbanization should be controlled properly.

【免费下载】综合学术英语教程练习答案

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大学英语综合教程1课后习题答案

Unit 1 Part Ⅱ Reading Task Vocabulary Ⅰ1. 1)respectable 2)agony 3)put down 4)sequence 5)hold back 6)distribute 7)off and on 8)vivid 9)associate 10)finally 11)turn in 12)tackle 2. 1)has been assigned to the newspaper’s Paris office. 2)was so extraordinary that I didn’t know whether to believe him or not. 3)a clear image of how she would look in twenty years’time. 4)gave the command the soldiers opened fire. 5)buying bikes we’ll keep turning them out. 3. 1)reputation; rigid; to inspire 2)and tedious; What’s more; out of date ideas 3)compose; career; avoid showing; hardly hold back Ⅱviolating Ⅲ;in upon Comprehensive Exercises ⅠCloze back; tedious; scanned; recall; vivid; off and on; turn out/in; career ; surprise; pulled; blowing; dressed; scene; extraordinary; image; turn; excitement ⅡTranslation As it was a formal dinner party, I wore formal dress, as Mother told me to. 2)His girlfriend advised him to get out of /get rid of his bad habits of smoking before it took hold. 3)Anticipating that the demand for electricity will be high during the next few months, they have decided to increase its production. 4)It is said that Bill has been fired for continually violating the company’s safety rules. /Bill is said to have been fired for continually violating the company’s safety rules. 5)It is reported that the government has taken proper measures to avoid the possibility of a severe water shortage. /The local government is reported to have taken proper measures to avoid the possibility of a severe water shortage. 2.Susan lost her legs because of/in a car accident. For a time, she didn’t know how to face up to the fact she would never (be able to) walk again. One day, while scanning (through) some magazines, a true story caught her eye/she was attracted by a true story. It gave a vivid description of how a disabled girl became a writer. Greatly inspired, Susan began to feel that she, too, would finally be able to lead a useful life. Unit 2 Part ⅡReading Task Vocabulary Ⅰ1. 1)absolutely 2)available 3)every now and then 4)are urging/urged 5)destination 6)mostly 7)hangs out 8)right away 9)reunion 10)or something 11)estimate 12)going ahead 2. 1)in the examination was still on his mind. 2)was completely choked up by the sight of his team losing in the final minutes of the game. 3)was so lost in study that she forgot to have dinner. 4)has come up and I am afraid I won’t be able to accomplish the project on time. 5)of equipping the new hospital was estimated at﹩2 million. 3. 1)were postponed; the awful; is estimated 2)reference; not available; am kind of 3)not much of a teacher; skips; go ahead Ⅱ;on Ⅲor less of/sort of 4. kind of/sort of 5. more or less 6. or something Comprehensive Exercises ⅠCloze up; awful; practically; neighborhood; correspondence; available; destination; reunion; Mostly; postponing; absolutely ; savings; embarrassment; phone; interrupted; touch; envelope; signed; message; needed ⅡHalf an hour had gone by, but the last bus hadn’t come yet. We had to walk home. 2)Mary looks as if she is very worried about the Chinese exam because she hasn’t learned the texts by

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Unit 1 C 1.The younger generation should continue to sustain and develop our fine traditions and long-standing culture. 2.In the course of preparing one’s speech, one should be clearly aware of how one could make effective use of statistics and examples to bolster one’s point of view. 3.An impromptu speech is one of the speaking skills that college students should learn and develop through practice. 4.By using simile and metaphor, you can make your language more vivid and more attractive to your audience. 5.The proper examples you cite might help reinforce the impression on your listeners and make your viewpoints more convincing. 6.When you are speaking, you should choose common and easy words and at the same time avoid clutter in your speech.

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Key to Exercises Opener Mary is thinking of getting a tattoo tomorrow afternoon. She asks Mel to join her, but Mel cannot because she has to work tomorrow. And then Mary invites Mel to go to a party tomorrow night. Mel hesitates at first, but finally decides to go with Mary. They will meet at eight o’clock. Abbreviation Meaning 1. TGIF Thank God it’s Friday 2. AMA Ask me anything 3. OMG Oh my God! 4. YOLO You only live once 5. FOMO Fear of missing out 6. FYI For your information 7. LOL Laugh out loud 8. TBH To be honest 9. PPL People 10. ETA Estimated time of arrival Transcript: A: Hey, Mary. B: Hey, Mel. A: TGIF.

B: TGIF. A: Mel, I need some advice on something. B: AMA A: Yeah, thanks. I’m thinking of getting a tattoo. B: OMG! Really Are you serious A: Well, YOLO. B: That’s true. A: Well. B: When are you going to do it A: I’m thinking tomorrow afternoon. Do you want to come B: Oh, I’d love to come, but I’ve got to work tomorrow. Oh, major FOMO. A: What a shame! B: Yeah, A: Well, FYI, there’s a party tomorrow night. And if you are not busy, you can come to that instead. B: I’m not busy, but TBH I really need to take it easy this weekend. A: What That’s so not like you. B: LOL, that’s true. A: Party is in Hackney Wick. It’s gonna be good, good music, good PPL. B: Oh, major FOMO again. Oh, what the hell Yes, why not I’ll go.

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Unit 1 Living in Harmony Enhance Your Language Awareness 1. Text A amaze bunch bundle capacity commerce conquer display drop roast rob style symbol vague figure Text B appreciate participate shift slip 1)My neighbours are a friendly bunch of people. 2)Dave amazed his friends by leaving a well-paid job to travel around the world. 3)The employees in this company work an eight-hour shift . 4)The professor came to the classroom with a bundle of newspapers under his arm. 5)A passenger asked the driver: “Could you drop me off near the post office? I'd like to post a letter.” 6)The little girl's capacity for learning languages astonished me. 7)How many countries will be participating in the Olympic Games? 8)I like the typically French style of living. It is so romantic. 9)They have made their fortunes from industry and commerce . 10)They threatened to shoot him and rob him of all his possessions.

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