大学英语2课文翻译
（一）度假游培养地域感
Summer vacations serve many purposes,offering time for everything from simple relaxation to sightseeing, adventure, and education.
暑假满足了人们多种需求，让人们有时间去尝试各种活动，从简单的休闲放松到观光游览，探索冒险，乃至教育学习。
For some vacationers, there's another rich possibility: a chance to trace family roots by visiting –or revisiting –ancestral homes. Wandering through rooms that sheltered earlier generations of relatives, descendants can feel new connections and a heightened sense of appreciation for those who have gone before.
对于有些度假者来说，或许有另外一个有意义的选择：利用这个机会寻根——探访或重游祖祖辈辈生活过的家乡。踟躇于为早先几代亲人遮风挡雨的祖宅中，后辈得以和早已逝去的祖先产生共鸣，进而萌发出对祖先更为强烈的感激之情。
In our family, this kind of sentimental journey involves heading to Pine River, Wis., a tiny dot on the map 45 minutes northwest of Oshkosh. There, on a hill overlooking the main street, stands an imposing white Colonial where my maternal great-grandparents, early settlers here, raised four children and carved out fulfilling lives.
对于我们家族而言，这种―深情之旅‖的目的地则是威斯康辛州的派恩里弗——地图上位于奥什科什市西北部，距其45分钟车程的一个小地方。在一座俯瞰着主街的山上，矗立着一座显眼的殖民地时期风格的白色建筑。我的外曾祖父母曾是早期移民，就是在这里养育了四个儿女，并且用辛勤的劳动创造出美满的生活。
On a brilliant summer Saturday, as the current owners graciously lead us through the seven-bedroom house, we try hard to memorize details. This is the dining room where the extended family gathered for Thanksgiving and Christmas. This is the library where my great-grandfather, an enthusiastic reader, kept his books. This is the back room where the hired men slept after long days of planting or threshing on the family farm. And this area off the kitchen is where my great-grandfather wrote in his diary and issued stern reminders to his grandchildren – "Don't slam the door!" – as they ran in and out.
夏日的周六，阳光灿烂。当祖屋的现任主人彬彬有礼地带领我们参观这座有七间卧室的建筑时，我们力图记住每一个细节。这是餐厅，是全家团圆庆祝感恩节和圣诞节的地方。这是藏书室，是我那痴迷于读书的外曾祖父藏书的地方。这是佣人房，是雇工在家庭农场整天的种地或者打谷之后睡觉的地方。还有这里——紧挨着厨房的这片地儿——是外曾祖父在日记里曾经提到的地方。当孙子孙女们在这儿跑进跑出的时候，他厉声喝道：―不许摔门！‖The décor has changed, of course, but these spaces still convey a sense of the past. "You can almost feel the people and their presence," says my cousin as we thank our hosts and leave.
装潢变了，这是理所当然的，但祖屋依旧散发着过去的味道。我们谢过主人，准备离开的时候，表弟说道：―在这儿几乎可以感觉到祖祖辈辈那些人，他们是真是存在的。‖Up the road, past the Congregational church where our relatives worshiped, a small cemetery tells other stories. Pausing to read gravestones dating back to the 1800s, their names and inscriptions dulled by the elements, visitors can feel awed by this silent community of former residents who played varying roles in shaping this town.
沿小路而上，穿过我们亲人做礼拜的公理会教堂，映入眼帘的是一处小小的公墓，似乎在述说着另外一些故事。我们驻足去看那些可以追溯到19世纪的墓碑，墓碑上的名字和碑文，久经风吹雨淋，已经模糊不清了。但拜访者们还是会对先人们的安息之所肃然起敬，这
些先人们曾经在小镇的发展中，扮演着不同的角色。
Sometimes such pilgrimages are bittersweet.One woman in New York describes her sadness in discovering that a favorite cherry tree in her grandparents' former yard is gone, and that her grandfather's carpentry shop in the basement has been turned into a studio apartment. A man in New Jersey laments the loss of his grandfather's garden, now paved in concrete.
有时，这样的朝圣之旅是苦乐参半的。一位来自纽约的女士说，在看到外祖父之前的院子里自己最爱的那颗樱桃树不见了，而地下室里祖父的木匠店被人改成公寓房后，她不免黯然神伤。一位新泽西的先生感叹，当祖父的花园变成混凝土地面时，他不禁怅然若失。
Neglect can also take its toll. My father and I once visited the beautifully maintained house where he was born. But our elation over its pristine condition turned to sadness at our next stop, the dairy farm that once belonged to his grandparents. The house and barns looked derelict, badly in need of paint and repairs. Never again, we vowed, would we go back. Some beloved memories are best left unchanged.
但是，看着老宅年久失修，破败不堪一样让人心痛难当。我和父亲曾经造访过自家一所保养极好的老宅，父亲就出生在那里。我们看着与记忆中别无二致的老宅欣喜不已，但是我们最初的欣喜很快变成了失落。我们造访的下一站是一座曾经属于祖父的牧场。宅子和畜棚看着已荒废多日，亟需喷涂和维修。我们发誓再也不会回去了。因为对于有些珍贵的回忆，最好的状态使永远被珍藏，不再去触碰。
Tracing family roots on paper, through documents, letters, and diaries, brings many rewards. But actually walking in the footsteps of earlier generations adds a powerful new dimension – a sense of place.
用文献、信件和日记等文字资料追本溯源好处颇多。但是真正踏上先人们走过的小路，会让你产生一种新的强烈的感觉----地域归属感。
"The past is a foreign country: They do things differently there," observed the British novelist L.P. Hartley. Those differences make a case for visiting the past.
英国小说家哈特利（L.P.Hartley）曾说：“往事犹若异乡；他们在那里做的事情都不一样。这种种的不同就是造访过去的一个理由。
Several years ago Christine Louise Hohlbaum, an American living in Paunzhausen, Germany, went with her father to Long Island, N.Y., to see a house once owned by her great-aunt. As they walked the grounds, she says, she felt an "overwhelming" sense of history. "It was as if I were convening with the essence of our family. This was a real live place where important events happened."
数年前，克里斯蒂·路易斯·霍尔鲍姆，一个生活在德国波因茨豪森的美国人，和她的父亲回到纽约州长岛，想去看一看伯祖母的老宅。当她走在那片土地上的时候，她说，她几乎被那种强烈的历史沧桑感所淹没。“这就好像我慢慢地领悟到了家族传承的精神一样。我们家的祖先曾经在这里真真切切的生活过，这里发生过很多重要的故事。”
As other vacationers make pilgrimages to their own long-ago "real live places" this summer, some might agree with Thomas Wolfe that you can't go home again, at least not permanently. But you can go back for an hour, or even 15 minutes. And chances are good that you'll feel the richer for it.
今年夏天，当另外一些度假者选择前往他们的祖先在很久以前曾经真真切切生活过的地方进行朝拜的时候，他们说不定会认同托马斯·伍尔夫的观点：你不可能在回到过去那个家了，至少你不能永远呆在那里。但是你可以回去一个小时，或者哪怕15分钟。而且，很可能因为这次旅程，你对家族的情感会变得更为丰富。
（二）谢谢你，罗西
It wasn’t much —a few words and a tiny bouquet of lily of the valley. Yet it brought me strange comfort in a trying time.
虽然那样微不足道——几句话和一小束铃兰，却在那段难熬的日子里带给我莫名的安慰。
It had been a long, long year —the last year of my son Adrian‘s brief life.
那一年，时间是那样漫长——那是我的儿子安德里安短暂人生的最后一年。
The journey up by train to London‘s Waterloo Station had become almost routine. Then the 25-minute walk across Waterloo Bridge and on to The Hospital for Sick Children, Great Ormond Street. The walk to the hospital was not without enjoyment, for I was eager to see my son again and buoyed up by the somehow indestructible hope that today, by some miracle, he would be recovering.
乘火车到伦敦的滑铁卢车站几乎已经成了家常便饭。（下车后）步行二十五分钟，穿过滑铁卢大桥，就来到了位于大欧蒙德街的儿童医院。去医院的路上并非那么沉重，因为我渴望再见到我儿子，而且冥冥之中我怀着一线希望，也许在今天，他的病情会奇迹般地好转。
But the return to the railway station in the evening was devastating. Once again, no miracle. Some evenings it became, as the French say, insupportable.
但每当夜幕降临我返回车站的时候, 我绝望至极：奇迹还是没有出现。正如法国人说的那样，这样的夜晚已经变得让我难以忍受了。（这样的夜晚，我已经撑不下去了。）After putting my little son to bed in the ward, hearing his prayers and holding him in my arms while he fell asleep, I usually had plenty of time to make my way to the station. I frequently paused on the bridge spanning the River Thames to watch the broad river flowing along on its never-ending journey to the sea.
病房里，我把我的小儿子抱上床，聆听他的祷告，直到他在我怀里睡着。之后，我往往都有充足的时间返回车站。我常常会在横跨泰晤士河的大桥上驻足，凝视着那宽阔的河流―奔流到海不复回‖。
One evening I gazed, hypnotized almost,into the black, oily water and was not immediately aware that a woman had joined me. I looked up and saw her; she was standing quite close. I had seen her before in the shadows on the opposite side of the street and had recognized, without giving the matter much thought, that she was, almost certainly, of the sisterhood euphemistically referred to as ―ladies of the evening ‖.
一天晚上，我神情恍惚地盯着黑油油的河水，并没有注意到身边多了一位女士。我抬头看着她，她贴身站在我旁边。我曾在街对面的黑暗处见过她。没怎么多想，我就认出了她：说好听点，她应该就是所谓―夜女郎‖的那类女人。
―Evenin ‘, Guv‘or,‖she said.
―Good evening, ‖I replied, a litt le discomfited by her presence and unsure of her intentions.
She looked away from me and gazed into the Thames.―You been to the Children‘s, ‖she said. It was a statement rather than a question.
―晚上好，先生。‖她说话了。
―晚上好。‖我答道。她出现在这儿让我有点局促不安，而且我不知道她来干什么。
她转眼不看我，而是盯着泰晤士河。―你去儿童医院了。‖她说。她是在告诉我一件事儿，而不是问我一个问题。
―Yes, I have, ‖I told her, a bit bewildered by her interest. ―My little son is a patient here. ‖―Bad, ain‘t he? ‖she said.
―Yes, I‘m afraid he is, ‖ I replied. And again, as much to myself as to her, ―I‘m very muc h afraid he is. ‖
―是啊，我去了。‖我告诉了她，但是不知道她什么这么问。―我的小儿子是那儿的病人。（在那儿住院）‖
―病得很重，对吧？‖她问。
―嗯，我觉得是。‖我答道。然后我更向对自己说道，―是真的很严重。‖
She reached out and touched my arm. I could see tears in her eyes.―I‘m sorry, Guv,‖she said softly. Then she withdrew her hand quickly, turned and walked away. I thought about the encounter all the way home and felt strangely heartened by it.
她把手伸过来摸着我的胳膊，我看到了她眼里的泪水。―我很抱歉，先生。‖她轻声说道。随后她迅速抽回了手，转身离去。回家的路上，我一直想着与她的这次相遇，心里有一种莫名的感动。
For the next few months, I regularly made my way to and from the hospital, my emotions alternating wildly between unreasoning hope and complete despair. Often she would join me on the bridge.
接下来的几个月，我照例往返于医院。我的情绪起伏不定，时而信心十足，时而心灰意冷。而她常常在大桥上陪着我。
―‘Ow is ‘e, then?‖she would enquire.
―Anything different?‘E‘s in Mr. Punch ward,ain‘t ‘e? ‖
―He is,‖ I agreed, wondering how she knew. ―There‘s no change. ‖
―他怎么样了？‖她经常问我。―好点儿了么？他是在庞奇先生的病房吧？‖
―是啊，‖我回答道，奇怪她怎么会知道。―还是老样子。‖
She never asked my name but invited me to call her Rosie.―That ‘s what me friends call me.‖―My son‘s name is Adrian, Rosie, ‖I told her. ―He‘s quite blond with grey eyes, and he ‘s almost four years old. ‖
She nodded and said nothing.
她从来不问我的名字，但让我叫她罗西。―我朋友都这么叫我。‖
―我儿子叫安德里安，罗西。‖我告诉他，―他一头金发，眼睛是灰色的，快四岁了。‖她点了点头，什么也没说。
I came to rely on these encounters to a remarkable degree and one evening gave her a small picture of Adrian, a duplicate of one I carried in my wallet. I wrote on the back of it: ―Thank you, Rosie. ‖She looked at it for a long moment before wrapping it in her handkerchief and putting it carefully in her handbag.
我渐渐很盼望与她相见。一天晚上，我给了她一小张安德里安的照片，和我钱包里的那张是一样的。我在照片背面写道：―谢谢你，罗西。‖她看了好一会儿，然后用手绢包起来，小心地放到手提包里。
Then, finally, the telephone call came from the hospital: ―I think you had better come at once.‖
最终，医院还是打来了电话：―我觉得您最好马上过来。‖
He looked so small lying there, his grey eyes fixed earnestly on mine. I le ane d over and wiped the perspiration from his forehead.
儿子躺在病床上，看上去小得可怜，灰色的大眼睛热切地望着我。我俯下身，擦去他额头上的汗珠。
―Daddy, why are you crying? Daddy, I ‘m frightened. Oh, Daddy, is it going to be all right?‖
―Yes, darling, Daddy ‘s here. It ‘s going to be all right. ‖
―爸爸，你为什么哭呀？爸爸，我害怕。爸爸，我会没事的，对吧？‖
―是的亲爱的，爸爸在这儿，你会没事儿的。‖
The tiny hand clasped in mine relaxed its grip.
握在我手里的那只小手慢慢地松开了。
When it was over, the two compassionate nurses put their arms round my shoulders and led me away. I went out into the London streets —and it was night.
事情料理完了，两名好心的护士小姐扶着我的肩膀把我领了出来。我出了医院，走在伦敦的大街上——夜已深了。
The following evening, after taking care of necessary business at the hospital, I stopped on the bridge and leaned over the railings, gazing,unseeing, into the water, trying to get a grip on myself. When I turned, Rosie was standing beside me. She touched me gently on the arm, just as she had the first time we met.
第二天晚上，办完医院的有关手续之后，我又来到了滑铁卢大桥。我倚着栏杆，茫然地看着河面，试图将自己的思绪集中起来。当我转过身的时候，发现罗西就站在我的身边。她轻轻地碰了碰我的胳膊，就像我们初次相见时那样。
―‘Ere, ‖she said, proffering me something wrapped in tissue paper. ―They‘re for ‘im. You‘ll put ‘em on ‘is grave for me, won ‘t you? ‖Thrusting a tiny bouquet of lily of the valley into my hand, she made a sort of choking sound, turned and ran.
―给你，‖ 说着，她递给我一个薄纸包着的东西。―这是给他的。替我把这个放到他墓上，好吗？‖她把一小束铃兰猛地塞到我手里，抽泣着转身跑开。
A mass of wreaths covered the grave. In the center of the profusion of floral tributes the tiny bunch of lily of the valley contrasted sharply with the vivid roses, daffodils, tulips and anemones that surrounded it.
儿子的墓地放满了花环。在人们送的那些鲜艳的玫瑰花、水仙花、郁金香和银莲花之中，那一小束铃兰格外醒目。
I timed my return from my final visits to the hospital vicinity so that I would pass by Waterloo Bridge rather late in the evening. I wanted to tell Rosie that I had delivered her flowers.But I saw nothing of her. I could not imagine what had happened to her.
最后几次去医院的时候，我计算好了返回的时间，以便晚上晚些时候正好路过滑铁卢大桥。我想告诉罗西，我已经把她的花放在了我儿子的墓地上。但我始终没见到她，实在想不出她出了什么事。
Summoning up my courage, I made my way to the nearest police station, not many blocks distant. With the unfailing courtesy and genuine helpfulness of the British policeman, an officer listened to my story of looking for a friend. He eyed me a bit quizzically.
我鼓足勇气向离得最近的警察局走去，好在路程不远，只隔几个街区。英国警察总是彬彬有礼，乐于助人。那名警官听着我要找朋友的故事，满脸狐疑地看着我。
―Yes, sir, I am almost sure I know to whom you refer, ‖he assured me,―She was regularly in the vicinity of Waterloo Bridge. Her regular ?beat ‘, you might say. Her name was Rosie, wasn‘t it? ‖
―是的，先生，我几乎可以肯定你说的是谁，‖他向我保证说，―她总是在大桥一带活动。可以说这是她经常?巡逻‘的路线。她叫罗西，是吧？‖
―Yes, yes,‖I said.―That ‘s the person I‘m looking for.‖
―对，对，‖我说，―她就是我要找的人。‖
―I‘m sorry, sir, ‖he told me quietly. ―The person in question is dead. We found her in the street several nights ago. Apparently a heart attack.‖
―很抱歉，先生，‖他轻声说(平静地告诉我说)。―你要找的这个人已经死了。几天前的一个晚上，我们在街上发现了她。显然是心脏病突发。‖
―Did she have any relatives, any family? ‖I asked.
―她有亲戚么，或者家人？‖我问道。
―No, sir, I‘m sorry,‖the policeman said. ―We went through her handbag, but there was no identification of any kind. Cosmetics, matches, cigarettes, handkerchief, a couple of pictures. That was all.‖
―没有，先生，很抱歉。‖警察说。―我们检查了她的手提包，没有任何证件。只有一些化妆品，火柴，香烟，手绢和几张照片。‖
―Do you still have her handbag?‖I asked.―Would it be possible for me to see it —to look into it? ‖
―她的包还在这儿吗？‖我问。―可否让我看上一眼——看看里边的东西？‖
The officer hesitate d.―Well, sir,that’s rather an unusual request. ‖
警官有些犹豫。―先生，你的要求太过分了。‖
―Look, constable, ‖I continued, taking out my wallet and withdrawing the picture of my son from it. ―This is my son. If the person you found is really the one I am looking for, there w ill be an identical picture in her handbag.‖
―您看，警官，‖我一边说，一边拿出钱包，从里面取出我儿子的照片。―这是我的儿子。如果你们发现的人的确是我要找的人的话，那么她的包里一定有一张和这一模一样的照片。‖―Just a moment, sir, ‖the officer said and retreated to an inner office. Within minutes here turned, carrying a brown handbag with a large card attached, evidently a listing of the contents. He looked a little excited.
―稍等，先生，‖说着，警官走进了里间的办公室。几分钟之后，他出来了，手里拿着一个褐色手提包，上面还附着一张大卡片，显然是包里的遗物清单。他看上去有点儿激动。
―Yes, sir,‖he assured me, running his finger down the list on the card. ―There are two snapshots here.‖
随着手指在清单上迅速划过，他肯定地对我说：―对，先生，包里的确有两张照片。‖ He opened the handbag and passed me two photographs. One was a replica of the picture I held in my hand. I turned it over and read in my own handwriting:―Thank you, Rosie.‖The other picture was of a small, dark-haired girl.
他打开手提包，递给我两张照片，一张和我手里拿着的照片一模一样。翻到背面，上面有我的笔迹：―谢谢你，罗西。‖另一张是一个黑头发的小女孩。
I had one more place to go. The following day I took the train to London and made my way to the children ‘s hospital. I recalled Rosie mentioning that she had a friend ―Ben‖, who was a porter at the hospital. I enquired at the porters‘lodge. A middle —aged man with a kindly face came forward.
我还要去一个地方。第二天，我又乘火车来到伦敦儿童医院。记得罗西以前曾提起过，她有一个叫―本‖的朋友，是儿童医院的看门人。我到门房去打听，一位和蔼的中年人走了过来。
―Yes, indeed, ‖he assured me.―I knew Ro sie. She used to call by regularly, you know, and enquire about your boy. I used to get a report for her from the ward about him.‖
―对，确实是。‖他肯定得说。―我认识罗西。她过去常来医院，来打听你儿子的病情。
我经常帮她向病房了解你儿子的病情呢。‖
―她并不是一直干你碰到她时干的那事儿，‖他接着说道，―她以前是一名女招待。失去女儿之后，她才开始干这一行。她的女儿就是在这家医院死的，当时才6岁。大概一年前，那是我第一次见到罗西，她经常来医院看望吉达，那女孩的名字叫吉达。吉达死了以后，她再也没去做过女招待。
―She wasn ‘t always in the line of business she was in when you met her, you know, ‖Ben continued.―She used to be a waitress. It was after she lost her girl she went on the street. The little girl died in here, you know, six years old. It was about a year ago. That ‘s when I first met Rosie—she used to come here and visit Berda. That was the child ‘s name. after the little one died, Rosie never went back to the waitress job.‖
―本，你能告诉我罗西葬在哪儿吗？‖
―Ben, can you tell me where Rosie is buried?‖
―不，先生，我不知道。但是我可以告诉你她女儿葬在哪儿。罗西以前每周日下午都会去那儿，带一束鲜花，再拔拔坟墓四周的杂草。我和她去过一两次。‖
―No, Guv, I can‘t. But I can tell you where the child lies. Rosie used to go there every Sunday afternoon and cut the grass and take flowers. I went with her a time of two.‖
我跪在那座小小的墓堆边。坟墓四周已经杂草丛生，又高又细。因为没带剪刀，我只好用手拔掉杂草。随后，我来到墓地一角的水管边，将蓝色花瓶灌满了水，重新放在墓前。
I knelt beside the tiny mound. Lacking shears, I tried to pull the longest grass, growing lank and weedy now, with my hands. I filled the blue vase with water from the tap in the corner of the cemetery and replaced it on the grave.
我打开包装纸，将带来的一束铃兰插进花瓶，然后将包装纸塞进雨衣口袋，站起身来，匆匆离去。
Unwrapping the tissue paper from the small bouquet I carried, I placed the lily of the valley in the vase, thrust the paper in the pocket of my raincoat, rose from my knees and walked rapidly away.
（三）能源意识利在未来
The world is running out of oil, and energy experts believe that there could be serious shortages in ten years’ time. Not only is each individual using more oil than ever before, as the standard of living in industrialized countries rises, but the population explosion means that each year many more people will be using oil in some form or other. Until recently we took oil for granted: it seemed it would never stop flowing. It was so cheap and plentiful that the whole world came to depend on it. Governments neglected other sources of energy: electricity was generated from oil and power stations were fired by it. It found its way into many of the products of light industry. Many people are surprised when they learn how many items in their homes contain oil.
世界上的石油将消耗殆尽，能源专家认为不出十年就会出现严重的石油匮乏。随着工业化国家生活水平的提高，不仅每个人都要比任何时候消费更多的石油，而且人口爆炸意味着每年都会有更多的人以各种方式消费石油。直到最近，人们还在认为石油是“天赐良缘”：它似乎是取之不尽、用之不竭的，它的价格低廉，储量丰富，以至全世界都在依赖它。各国政府普遍忽视了其他能源的开发：发电也用石油，因为发电站以它作原料。许多轻工业产品也都倚重石油做原料。当许多人发现他们家中有那么多物品与石油有不解之缘时，都不胜惊讶。
The increase in the price of oil has brought the world to its https://www.sodocs.net/doc/b23441728.html,ernments are searching for a suitable alternative, but so far in vain. They are considering how they can make
better use of the two other major fuels, coal and natural gas, but they have found that neither can take the place of oil in their economies. In recent years there has been a growing concern for the environment and coal is not a popular fuel with environmentalists. Coal mines are ugly, and their development has a serious effect on animal and plant life; coal itself is a heavy pollutant. Natural gas, the purest of the three fuels, is also the most limited in supply.
石油价格的上涨给世界注入了能源意识。各国政府都在寻找合适的代用品，不过迄今为止徒劳无获。他们正在考虑更充分地利用其他两种燃料：煤和天然气。但是，他们发现无论哪一种能代替石油在经济发展中的作用。近年来，人们的环境意识日益增强，煤作为燃料不受环境保护者欢迎。煤矿破坏自然生态，煤矿的开采严重危及动植物的生存，煤本身也是严重的污染物。天然气是这三种燃料中最纯净的，可是可供应量也是最有限的。
The answer would seem to lie in nuclear power stations. They need very little fuel to produce enormous amount of power and they do not pollute the atmosphere. Their dangers, however, are so great and the cost of building them is so high that some governments are unwilling to invest in them. Not only could one accident in a single nuclear power station spread as much radioactivity as a thousand Hiroshima atom bombs, but the radioactive waste from these stations is extremely dangerous—for one hundred thousand years. So is there no possible alternative to nuclear power?
想解决这个问题，看来要寄希望于核电站了。核电站只需消耗极少的燃料就能产生巨大的能量，并且不会对大气造成污染。然而，核电站的危险性很大，造价甚高，所以一些政府不愿为此投资。一座核电站的一次事故，不但造成放射性物质泄漏，危害程度相当于1000颗投于广岛的原子弹，而且核电站产生的放射性废物也极其危险——其危险性要持续10万年之久。那么，就没有什么东西可能代替核能吗？
Well, there are several, but none of them seems likely to satisfy future world energy demands. Scientists have recently turned their attention to natural sources of energy: the sun, the sea, the wind and hot springs. Of these the sun seems the most promising source for the future. Houses have already been built which are heated entirely by solar energy. However, solar energy can only be collected during daylight hours, and in countries where the weather is unreliable, an alternative heating system has to be included.
倒是有几种能源可供选择，但看起来都不可能满足未来世界对能量的需求。科学家们近年来已将注意力转向自然能源：太阳、海洋、风和温泉，其中太阳能似乎是未来最有发展前途的能源。人们已建成了完全由太阳能供热的房屋。可是，太阳能只能在白天采集，而且天气变幻无常的国家，这种房子还必须配置一套备用供热系统。
Experiments are being carried out at the University of Arizona on ways of storing energy on a large scale. To satisfy a large part of the energy needs of a country like America, huge power stations covering 5,000 square miles would have to be built and one wonders whether this would be acceptable to environmentalists. While experiments in generating energy from the sea and the wind are interesting, neither can be considered an obvious solution to a future energy crisis; the first because a lot of energy is needed to generate from the sea, and the second because the amount of energy generated from wind would satisfy only a small percentage of a nation’s needs.
亚利桑那大学正在进行试验，探求大规模储存太阳能的方法。研究表明，必须建造占地面积达5000平方英里的巨型太阳能发电站，方能满足像美国这样一个国家的大部分能量需求，而且人们对环境保护主义者能否接受这样的计划尚存疑虑。虽然开发海洋能量和风能的实验令人感兴趣，但是可以认为，两者在解决未来能源危机方面均不会取得显著的效果。前
者是因为海洋能源开发本身就需要消耗大量的能量，后者是因为风能开发量只能满足全国需求的很小部分。
Another source of energy which could be more widely used is that generated by water or steam from under the earth (geothermal energy as it is called). This form of energy is already being used in New Zealand, Iceland, and very successfully in Italy, where it in fact generates a quarter of the nation’s electricity.
还有一种可能会获得更广泛应用的能源，是由开采地下热水或水蒸气得到的（称之为地热能）。这种形式的能量已经在新西兰、冰岛、（前）苏联和意大利开发利用。在意大利尤为成功，地热发电量已占意大利总发电量的四分之一。
Many scientists are optimistic that new ways of generating large amounts of energy will be successfully developed, but at the same time they fear the consequences. If the world population goes on increasing at its present rate, and each individual continues to use more energy every year, we may, in fifty years’ time, be burning up so much energy that we would damage the earth’s atmosphere. By raising the temperature of the atmosphere, we could melt the Arct ic and Antarctic ice-caps and change the pattern of vegetable and animal life throughout the world—a frightening possibility.
许多科学家对未来一定会成功地研究出开发大量能源的新方法持乐观态度，但同时也对其后果忧心忡忡。如果世界人口以目前的速度持续增长，而且人均能源消耗逐年增加的话，50年之内，我们烧掉的燃料排放的气体就足以破坏地球大气层。人为造成的大气温度升高，可能会引起南北极的冰盖融化，致使全球动植物的生存模式改变——后果不堪设想。
These dangers will have to be kept in mind as scientists continue with their experiments. In the meantime, we can all help to protect the environment by not wasting energy. This means driving more carefully (if you have to use a car—it’s healthier and cheaper to ride a bike) and turning off unnecessary lighting and heating in the home. In these small ways we can all help to make the world a cleaner, healthier place for future generations.
科学家们今后继续他们的实验时，必须将这些危险牢记在心。与此同时，我们也都能通过节约能源，为保护环境做贡献。这就意味着少开汽车（如果你不得不用汽车的话——骑自行车更有利健康，也更省钱），关掉家中不必要的照明和供热装置。从这些点滴小事做起，我们就能尽自己的一份力，为子孙后代创造一个更加清洁，更加健康的生存环境。
（四）女人想让男人知道的事情
Men often ask the question, ―What do women want?‖ A wise person once answered, ―If you want to know what women want, ask them ... one at a time.‖
男人们总是问这个问题：―女人到底想要什么？‖一位智者曾经回答过，―如果你想要知道女人想要什么，去问她们，一次一个的问。‖
Since that‘s an impossible task for any man, I asked several single ladies to share what men really don‘t know about them and what they look for in a date. Guys, you might find their answers surprisingly myth-busting in some instances,while others might validate what you already believe. Either way, hopefully these insights track on understanding women better and improving your dating skills:
鉴于这个任务对所有男人都难以完成，我请几位单身女士同我分享了她们的看法——即男人真正不懂的地方以及女人在约会中想要什么。男士们，你们可能会发现她们的一些答案会出人意料地犹如解密；然而有些答案也会验证你之前的一些看法。不管怎样，希望这些见解能助你更好地了解女人并提高你的约会技能。
1. You risk it all if you wait forever to reach out to a woman who interests you.
―Supposedly, men and women are on different timelines when it comes to making contact,‖says Mary L.,38, a resident of Washington state. ―Guys take their own sweet time to call us for a date and follow up afterward. But the older we get, the less tolerant we are of the waiting game. Guys, wait too long to get in touch —or be inconsistent in how often you‘re in contact with us —and we will lose interest. Patience has less of a shelf life than you realize.‖
1. 你太失算了，如果你等太久再去追求对你感兴趣的女人。
一位华府的38岁女士玛丽说―据说，在相互沟通上，男人和女人处在不同的时间线上。男人在适合自己的时间来电话跟我们约会，之后继续如此。但是我们年纪越大，我们就越不能忍受这种等待游戏。男人们，如果等待太久才跟我们联系，或是对我们忽冷忽热，我们便会失去兴趣。我们的耐心的有效期远比你们想象的还要少。
2. Not all women who date are looking for a serious relationship.
―Guys think we‘re all on the same ?dating for a relationship‘ track. But sometimes, we just want to date casually,‖ says Los Angeles native Marcie R., 29. ―We‘re just happier being upfront about it. Guys seem to have a harder time admitting that‘s what they want right now. That leads to hot and cold behavior, which women hate.‖ Not looking to get serious? Send those signals out from day one.
Don‘t start seeing a woman and then back-pedal like crazy when things get heavy. It‘s much better to find a girl who‘s OK with casual dating, too.
2. 不是所有约会中的女人都是寻求长久稳定恋情。
男人们总是觉得女人在都是一路的，即―为长期稳定恋情而约会‖，一位洛杉矶的29岁本地居民玛希说，―但是有时候我们只是想单纯的（简单的）约一下会。‖―我们只是更开心能够坦白对待这一点，但是男人们却更不愿去承认他们现在只想这种随便的恋情。于是就导致了各种忽冷忽热的行为遭到女人厌恶。‖
你不想寻求长期稳定的恋情？请你第一天就给出这个信号。不要开始同一个女人出来，然后在大家开始有点认真时又疯狂的背弃自己之前的所作所为。你最好就去找一个对谈一场随随便便的恋爱也没有意见的女人。
3. You’d be surprised about what women find to be genuinely sexy in a man.
Guys, do you think you‘re dazzling women with your bravado, squeaky-clean look and manly stubbornness? Well, maybe. But guess what? Women think that a man dressed in a plain t-shirt and a pair of hot jeans is truly sexy, so avoid anything too trendy, loose or ill-fitting —the classics are fine. Women love it when you ask for their advice. (OK, except when it comes to directions... that‘s why you have a GPS in the car. At least one of you needs to know where you‘re going on dates, right? And according to a recent Daily Mail survey, 93 percent of respondents said that if you are fixing, building, making, or cooking something specifically for a woman, the chance that you‘ll get lucky just went up exponentially.
3. 你会惊讶于女人怎样看待男人身上真正的性感。
男同胞们，你们觉得你在用什么表现魅力？你虚张声势的勇气？你毫无瑕疵的外表？还是你们的大男子主义？也许吧，但是知道么，女人觉得男人穿着一件普通T恤以及一条紧身裤就是真正的性感。所以请避免穿着得过于时尚，宽松或是不搭——经典的就刚刚好。女人会喜欢你问她意见（好吧，除了有关方向这个问题……这就是为什么你车上有导航仪。你
们之中至少有一个需要知道你们约会时要去哪对吧？）而且根据每日邮报的调查，93％的回复者称如果你为女人修东西，做东西，或是特意为她做一点吃的，你约会中走运的机会将会呈几何级数增长。
4.Being a cheapskate is a deal -breaker for women.
There‘s plenty of debate about who should pay for a date. Some people think that men should always pick up the tab,while others opt for a more practical ―let‘s take turns‖ approach. Regardless of who pays, a man who comes off as being cheap is persona non grata in a woman‘s world.―Cheapness is the kiss of death for me,‖says Linda W.,37, from Virginia. Focusing on how much the date costs, handing coupons to a waiter or refusing to tip service people adequately can make a bad impression on anyone and will usually nix your chances for a second date.
4. 太小气，被抛弃。
关于约会中谁应该付钱这个问题一直就有很多争议。一些人认为买单的应该永远是男士。但是一部分人也奉行比较实用些的―轮流结帐‖的方法。不管谁付款，在女人的世界里，表现的很小气的男人是非常讨厌的。―抠门对我来说就是?死亡之吻‘‖，来自弗吉尼亚的37岁的琳达如是说，太过关注约会的花销，向服务生递优惠券或是拒绝给小费足以给任何人留下坏印象并使得你第二次约会机会渺茫。
5.Women struggle to make a connection while remaining independent,too.
First dates can be like visiting an amusement park; at first, you‘re thrilled with the flashy, colored lights and the sense of anticipation. As things progress, you find yourself alternating emotionally between rip-roaring excitement and the onset of dating burnout. You might feel a pressing need to just chill out at home and get a sense of normalcy by going through your regular, single-life routine. So, men, relax and realize that you‘re not alone —women ride the same emotional rollercoaster that goes along with dating someone new. Like you, they vacillate between wanting to be in a relationship and craving independence, especially as they age. Finding the right balance is the key to satisfying these needs, regardless of who you are. Nobody healthy and sane wants to be defined by his or her relationship, and these days, women are more independent than ever before.
5. 女人在努力建立关系的同时，也需要保持独立。
第一次约会就像去游乐场，首先，你会对华丽多彩的灯光以及自己热切的期望激动不已。慢慢地，你会发现自己的情绪不断切换，一会儿是喧闹兴奋，一会儿又开始出现约会疲劳。你可能会觉得迫切需要回家冷静一下，通过常规单身生活获得情绪常态化。所以，男同胞们，不要紧张，你们并不孤单，女人们在刚开始和某人约会时，也会坐上这座―情绪过山车‖。和你一样，她们也在徘徊不定，尤其是随着年龄的增长，既想开始一段恋情，又想寻求独立。不管你是谁，找到正确的平衡点是能保证你满足这些需求的关键。没有任何一个健康理智的男人或是女人想被自己的感情关系束缚住，而且当下，女性比以往任何时候都更加独立自主。
6.They call it “women’s intuition” because they are adept at reading nonverbal cues if something feels “off” with a date.
Women have great instincts. Yes, this is a stereotype, but stereotypes often contain a grain of truth. So, men, it‘s better not to lie or become emotionally distant when she questions you about things like dating each other exclusively or what you did last weekend. Chances are she‘ll know something is amiss, even if you think you‘re sparing her feelings by lying. Even if you
fool her once, you‘ll have to keep your story straight, which isn‘t always easy to do. And once a woman thinks she can‘t trust you, it‘s the kiss of dating death.
6, 人们称之为―女人的直觉‖，因为如果在约会中感觉―不对劲‖，她们擅长读取一些非口头的线索。
女人有很强的直觉。当然，这是陈词滥调，但是陈词滥调通常包含着些许真理。所以，男人们，当她在问及关于是否和其他什么人约会了或是在上周末做了什么时，你最好不要撒谎或是在情感上变的疏远。（因为）很可能她就会发现事情不对劲，即使是你为了照顾她的感受而撒谎。如果你骗了她一次，你就不得不一直编故事，这通常是很难做到的。而且一旦女人觉得不能再相信你了，这也就是―死亡之吻‖了。
7.No woman wants to be your mother(or a carbon copy of her own).
Women and men alike have grown up hearing that, in the words of the famous Al Jolson song, a guy wants a―gal just like the gal that married dear old Dad.‖ But smart single women, as much as they may adore their own mothers (and will grow to love yours, too!) are not looking to be anyone ‘s mommy when it comes to dates. They know the difference between a man who lovingly respects his own mother and one who requires around-the-clock babysitting, emotionally or otherwise. Parenting another adult implies major control issues, no matter who is doing it —plus it ‘s just plain creepy.
7. 没有女士想成你的母亲（或者她的复制品）。
女人和男人一样，都是听着艾尔?乔逊的歌长大的，这位著名歌手在歌中唱道，一个男人想要一个―很像他妈妈的姑娘‖。尽管这些聪明的单身女性爱自己的母亲（当然也会越来越爱你的母亲），但是她们在约会时不想扮演任何人的母亲。她们能区分的出男人是尊敬爱戴自己的母亲还是需要全天24小时的保姆式服务，不管是情感上还是其它方面。像父母般的去照顾另一个成年人意味着很严重的控制力的问题，不管是谁在照顾谁——而且这样做本身就很诡异。
8.It’s the little things that matter when it comes to impressing a woman.
If you want a woman to feel like she‘s special, really pay attention to her; notice the small things, however unremarkable. Women will grow more attracted to you if they realize you are genuinely interested in who they are as individuals and the things that matter to them, no matter how trivial. Remembering something minor about her appearance, interests, lifestyle or behavior —whether it‘s her favorite flower, preferred drink or what color dress she was wearing on your first date —all add up to win you big points in the game of love.
8．当你想打动女人时，细节很重要。
如果你想让她是特别的，真正花心思在她身上；注意那些尽管不起眼的小东西或小事情。如果女人发现你是真正的对她这个人以及对与她相关的不论多么琐碎的事情感兴趣，她会越来越离不开你。记得有关她的小事，比方说有关于她的穿衣打扮、兴趣爱好、生活方式或是行为举止——即便是她最喜欢的花，爱喝的饮料，或是第一次约会时穿的裙子的颜色——这些都会帮你在爱情这场游戏中加分。
9.Women are slower to end relationships than men, even short-term ones.
―If a new relationship isn‘t working out, we‘re less likely to dump you without warning, ‖says 28-year-old Trish C. from Virginia.―When men do that and run off, we think less of them. Even from a short-term relationship, we extricate ourselves slowly to make sure we‘re
respectful, ready and not making a mistake. But the signs that we ‘re planning to leave are usually there if you pay attention. ‖So, guys, if your gut tells you that things aren‘t working out, you‘re probably right. If you decide to end things first, though, give her the same courtesy she‘d give you by telling her in person and avoid the vanishing act. You might think you ‘re being kind by sparing her the dreade d breakup discussion, but in reality, she ‘d rather hear the truth.
9. 女人比男人结束关系更慢，即使是短期关系。
―如果一段新的恋情没有建立成功，我们很少会在毫无信号的情况下跟你分手，‖来自弗吉尼亚的29岁的翠西说。―当男人们那样做并跑开时，我们会看不起他们。即使是结束一段短期的恋情，我们也会慢慢的抽身而退以确保我们是表示尊重，做好准备并不会犯错误。但是如果你注意的话，就会发现我们想离开的一些迹象。‖所以，男人们，如果你的直觉告诉你事情没有结果，你十有八九是对的。然后如果你决定先来了结这些，请对她礼貌一些，就像她会对待你一样礼貌，去当面告诉她而不是直接消失。你可能觉得你是出于好意为了避免一场可怕的分手之争，但事实是，她宁愿亲耳听到真话。
（五）―叛逆女儿‖引领哈佛
Recalling her coming of age as the only girl in a privileged, tradition-bound family in Virginia horse country, Drew Gilpin Faust, 59, has often spoken of her ―continued confrontations” with her mother ―about the requirements of what she usually called femininity‖. Her mother, Catharine, she has said, told her repeatedly, ―It ‘s a man‘s world, sweetie, and the sooner you learn that the better off you ’ll be.‖
现年59岁的德鲁·吉尔平·福斯特生于以经营马场闻名的弗吉尼亚乡间，她的家庭负有权势，恪守传统。作为家里唯一的女儿，每当回想起成长经历，她总会提及因被母亲要求具有女性特质而不断发生的冲突。她母亲凯瑟琳总是告诉她，―亲爱的，这是个男人的世界，你越早认识到这一点，就会生活的越好。‖
Instead, Dr. Faust left home at an early age, to be educated at Concord Academy, th en a girl‘s prep school in Massachusetts, and at Bryn Mawr College, a women ‘s college known for creating future leaders, and to become a leading Civil War scholar. And on Feb. 11 , through the convergence of grand changes in higher education, her own achievements and the resignation of Harvard‘s previous president under pressure, she became the first woman appointed to lead the Ivy League university founded in 1636.
然而，福斯特很小的时候就离开了家，到康科德中学上学，接着在马萨诸塞州一所女子预备学校学习，后来又到以培养未来领袖著称的女子学院——布林莫尔学院就读，并成为了研究美国内战史的杰出学者。由于高等教育发生的巨大变化，而且她自身所取得的很大成就，再加上哈佛前任校长被迫辞职，二月十一日，她被任命为这所创建于1636年的常青藤名校的首位女校长。
―One of the things that I think characterizes my generation —that characterizes me, anyway, and others of my generation —is that I ‘ve always been surprised by how my lif e turned out, ‖Dr. Faust said in an interview just after the university announced that she would become its 28th president, effectively July 1.―I‘ve always done more than I ever thought I would. Becoming a professor—I never would have imagined that. Writing books —I never would have imagined that. Getting a Ph. D. —I‘m not sure I would even have imagined that. I‘ve lived my life a step at a time. Things sort of happened. ‖
―我经常会为发生在我生活中的变化感到吃惊，我想这是我，也是我们这一代人共有的特质。‖福斯特在一次采访中说道，当时她将出任哈佛第28任校长的消息刚刚公布，而这一任命将于七月一日生效。―我总是做出一些连我自己也没有想到的事情，我从没想过我会当
上教授，我从没想过我会写书，我也从没想过我会成为博士。我只是一步一步走过来而已，但这些事情就这么发生了。‖
Catherine Drew Gilpin was born on Sept.18, 1947, and grew up in Clarke County, Va., in the Shenandoah Valley. She was always known as Drew. Her father, McGhee Tyson Gilpin, bred thoroughbred horses.
1947年9月18日，凯瑟琳·德鲁·吉尔平出生于谢南多厄河谷的弗吉尼亚州的克拉克郡，并在此长大。人们习惯叫她德鲁。她的父亲麦吉·泰森·吉尔平是饲养纯种马的。
Dr. Faust has written frankly of the ―community of rigid racial segregation‖that she and her three brothers grew up in and how i t formed her as―a rebellious daughter‖who would go on to march in the civil rights protests in the 1960s and to become a historian of the region.―She was raised to be a rich man‘s wife, ‖said a friend, Elizabeth Warren, a law professor at Harward.―Instead she becomes the president of the most powerful university in the world. ‖福斯特博士如实写道，她和三个兄弟都在―奉行严格的种族隔离制度的社区‖中长大的，也正是这个地方使她成为一个―叛逆的女儿‖，参加60年代的民权运动，并成为这一领域的历史学家。福斯特的朋友、哈佛大学法学教授伊丽莎白·沃伦这样评价她：―福斯特从小是按照富家媳妇的标准培养的，结果却成为了世界上最有影响力的大学的校长。‖Race was ―not much discussed‖in her family, Dr. Faust wrote in an article reprinted in Harvard Magazine. ―I lived in a world where social arrangements were taken for granted and assumed to be timeless. A child ‘s obligation was to learn these usages, not to question them. T he complexities of racial deportment were of a piece with learning manners and etiquette more generally. ‖
在她的家里，―几乎没有人讨论‖种族这个话题，福斯特在一篇重新刊登于《哈佛杂志》上的文章中写道。―我生活的那个世界里，人们认为那些社会规范是理所应当的，而且将会一直如此。一个小孩应该学习社会规则而不是提出质疑。总的来说，种族礼仪的复杂性仅仅在于学习一些礼貌和礼仪。‖
―There w ere formalized ways of organized almost every aspect of human relationships and interactions —how you placed your fork and knife on the plate when you had finished eating, what you did with a fingerbowl; who walked through a door first, whose name was spoken first in an introduction, how others were addressed —black adults with just a first name, whites as ?Mr.‘or ?Mrs.‘—whose hand you shook and whose you didn ‘t, who ate in the dining room and who in the kitchen.‖
―几乎所有涉及人际关系和交往的方式都有定式——吃完饭后刀叉怎么摆放到盘子上；洗手碗如何使用；进大门的时候应该让谁先进；介绍别人的时候应该先说谁的名字；称呼白人要叫―某某先生‖或者―某某太太‖，而称呼黑人则可以直呼其名；可以和谁握手而不能和谁握手；谁在餐厅吃饭而谁在厨房吃饭。‖
In that world, said one of Dr. Faust ‘s brothers, M. Tyson Gilpin Jr., 63, his sister did some of what was expected of her: She raised a beef cow, joined the Brownies and took dancing lessons. But she resisted other things —becoming a debutante, for example.―My sister took off on her track in prep school on, ‖Tyson Gilpin said.―I think she read the scene pretty well. She was ambitious. She wanted to acco mplish stuff.‖她的一个哥哥，63岁的M·泰森·小吉尔平说，他妹妹还是做了一些符合预期的事情：她养了一头小牛，参加了女童子军社团，上了舞蹈课。但她抗拒其他的事情，例如拒绝参加社交活动。―我妹妹从上预备学校时开始就选择了自己的道路，‖泰森·小吉尔平说，―她十分了解形势，雄心勃勃，想要成就一番事业。‖Her father, her two uncles, her great-uncle, two of her three brothers (including Tyson) and
numerous male cousins all went to Princeton, but since Princeton did not admit women in the mid-1960s, she went to Bryn Mawr. Majoring in history, she took classes with Mary Maples Dunn, a professor who would become the president of Smith College, the acting dean of the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study and a close friend and advocate.
她的父亲、两个叔叔、叔祖父、三个兄弟中的两个(包括泰森)，以及众多表兄弟都曾就读于普林斯顿大学，但在上个世纪60年代中期，普林斯顿不接收女生，她选择了布林莫尔学院。在那里，她专修历史，师从玛丽·梅普尔斯·邓恩教授。邓恩教授后来成为史密斯学院的院长，拉德克利夫高等研究协会的代理主任，并且成为了她的亲密朋友和支持者。
It was significant, Dr. Dunn said, that Dr. Faust had been educated at Concord Academy and Bryn Mawr. ―I think these women ‘s institutions in those days tended to give these young women a very good sense of themselves and encouraged them to develop their own ideas and
to express themselves confidently,‖she said. ―It was an invaluable experience in a world in which women were second-class citizens. ‖
邓恩博士说，曾在康科德中学和布林莫尔学院接受教育，这一点对福斯特博士意义非凡。她说：―我认为，当时这些女子学院，使这些年轻女性树立起良好的自我意识，鼓励她们形成自己的想法，并自信地表达自我。在一个视女性为二等公民的世界中，这是一种十分宝贵的经历。‖
Dr. Faust graduated from Bryn Mawr in 1968, magna cum laude with honors in history. She went on to the University of Pennsylvania, where she received a master‘s in 1971and a doctorate in 1975 in American civilization. She was a professor at Penn for 25years, including five years as the chairwoman of the Department of American Civilization. She was director of the Women‘s Studies Program for four years.
福斯特博士于1968年以优等成绩从布林莫尔学院毕业，获得历史学荣荣誉学位。随后她进入宾西法尼亚大学深造，于1971年和1975年分别获得美国文化专业的硕士和博士学位。她在宾夕法尼亚大学做了25年教授，其中5年担任美国文化系主任。她还在女性研究项目组担任了4年主任。
At Penn, Dr. Faust, who was divorced from her first husband, Stephen Faust, in 1976, met Charles Rosenberg, a professor who is regarded as a leading historian of American medicine, and who became her second husband. She and Professor Rosenberg have a daughter, Jessica, a Harvard graduate who works at The New Yorker. She also has a stepdaughter, Leah.
在宾夕法尼亚大学，福斯特与第一任丈夫离异后，1976年认识了被誉为研究美国医学的杰出历史学家的罗森博格教授，并与之结婚。她与罗森博格教授育有一女杰西卡，她毕业于哈佛大学，现在《纽约客》杂志社供职。福斯特还有一个继女利亚。
In 2001, as Dr. Dunn was stepping down as acting dean of the Radcliffe Institute, the remnant of Radcliffe College, which had been absorbed into Harvard in 1999, Dr. Faust became the dean. She made major organizational changes, cut costs and laid off a quarter of the staff, transforming Radcliffe into an internationally known home for scholars from multiple disciplines.―We used to call her Chainsaw Drew,‖Professor Warren said. When Lawrence H. Summers, the Harward president, stepped in trouble two years ago over his comments about women in science, he asked Dr. Faust to lead an effort to recruit, retain and promote women at Harvard.
2001年，当邓恩博士从拉德克利夫研究院代理主任的职位上退下来后（拉德克利夫研究院为拉德克利夫学院的前身，1999年并入哈佛大学），福斯特博士成为了该研究院的主任。她对研究院进行了重大的机构改革，削减开支，裁掉了四分之一的员工，将拉德克利夫学院转变成了一个国际知名的各学科学者的摇篮。―我们都把她称作?链锯德鲁‘。‖沃伦教授说。
前哈佛校长劳伦斯·H·萨默斯由于两年前对于从事科学的女性发表不当言论而身陷批评，他曾要求福斯特教授要致力于在哈佛大学招聘女性，支持和鼓励女性知识分子。
Asked whether her appointment signified the end of sex inequities at the university, Dr. Faust said:―Of course not. There is a lot of work still to be done, especially in the sciences.‖当被问及对她的任命是否意味着性别不平等在哈佛大学的终结时，福斯特博士说：―当然不是。还有很多工作要做，特别是在科学界。‖
What would her mother, who never went to college and died in 1966, have to say about her appointment?―I‘ve had dialogues with my dead mother over the 40years since she died.‖Then she added with a rueful smile, ―I think in many ways that comment —?It ‘s a man‘s world, sweetie ‘—was a bitter comment from a woman of a generation who didn ‘t have the kind of choices my generation of women had.‖
1966年去世的从未上过大学的母亲可能对她的任命说些什么呢？她说：―我经常想到这一点。自母亲去世后的40年中，我一直在与她进行对话。‖接着，她愧然一笑说：―我想，在很多方面，这种评论——?宝贝，这是一个男人的世界‘——是一种苦涩的评论，它出自于我母亲那一代的一个女性之口，她们未曾有过我们这一代女性所拥有的这种机会。‖
（六）
Time magazine selected him as one of the 25most influential people in America in1997. His books—Health and Healing and Spontaneous Healing —have spent more than 22weeks on the New York Times bestseller list. His Internet web site, from which he dispenses even more advice, attracts 3000 questions a week.
他是《时代》杂志评选的1997年全美25位最具影响力人物之一，他的书《健康与治疗》以及《不治而愈》连续22周荣登纽约时报畅销书排行榜。在自己的网站上他提供更多的健康建议，这个网站每周收到3000个提问。
But the message that health guru Andrew Weil has is simple:
但是健康权威安德鲁·威尔回答得很简单：
“Breathe,”he says. Take long, slow, full breaths with exhales at least as long as the inhales.
“呼吸”，他说。深长、缓慢、充分的呼吸，呼气尽可能与吸气一样长。
“Walk,”he says. Walk briskly, that is, for 10minutes a day, five days a week. Oh, and eat more fresh vegetables and fruit, and less eat meat.
“散步”，他说。快走，每周五天，每天10分钟。哦，还有，多吃新鲜的蔬菜和水果，少吃红肉。
In Health and Healing Weil expands on the importance of breathing, which he calls “the most vital and mysterious function”.
在《健康和治疗》书中，威尔用大量篇幅论述了呼吸的重要性，他把呼吸成为“最重要、最神秘的功能”。
Breathing, he points out, is a unique human function in that it can be fully voluntary or involuntary. As such it is a bridge between the conscious and unconscious minds as well as between mind and body.
他指出，呼吸是人类独特的身体机能，因为它既可以是无意识的，也可以是有意识的。这样一来，呼吸就成为联系意识和无意识，心灵和身体的桥梁。
“Proper breathing nourishes the central nervous system, establishes a harmonious pattern for other bodily rhyth ms and regulates moods and emotions, ”he says.“Learning how to breathe and working consciously with breath is a simple, safe, effective and inexpensive way to promote good health of mind and body.”
“适当的呼吸能够滋养中枢神经系统，为其他身体节律建立和谐的模式，调节情绪和心情。”他表示：“了解如何呼吸，有意识地进行呼吸训练是促进心灵和身体健康的有效方式，这一方式简单、安全而且价格低廉。”
The man with a medical degree from Harvard, a magnificent trademark beard and the sort of eyes that twinkle into crescent slivers when he smiles (which is often), does not hesitate to suggest you head for the nearest hospital if you have been in an accident, need a hip replacement or have a severe infection.
威尔是哈佛大学的医学博士，留着标志的络腮胡，他经常笑，笑得时候眼睛会弯成月牙。如果你出了事故，需要进行髋关节置换，或是严重感染的话，他会毫不犹豫地建议你去最近的医院看病。
But he has long championed alternative views on health. He emphasizes the need for what he calls “integrative” medicine, which takes the best from any number of healing methods —if they have been shown to work.
但是他长期以来一直提倡有关健康的其他观点。他强调了我们需要所谓的“综合性”医疗，也就是在多种有治疗效果的医疗手段中，选取最佳的那种医疗手段。
Weil began his travels around the world at the age of 17, examining the medicines of other cultures. The experience enforced his passionate interest in botanical drugs and fostered in him a great respect for the inherent power of the mind-body connection and its potential importance in medicine.
威尔17岁时开始环游世界，考察其他文化的医疗手段。这一经历让他对植物性药物更感兴趣，同时也让他极为尊重心灵-身体联系的固有自愈能力，以及其在医疗界可能发挥的巨大作用。
He entered Harvard with no intention of practicing in the traditional allopathic way, but with “a strong intuition that a medical degree would be useful”.
他虽然进入哈佛学医，但是却不想采用传统的对抗疗法行医，只是“强烈的感觉到医学博士学位会很有用”。
For 26 years he has spoken about his basic philosophy —that the body has its own elaborate healing system that repairs wounds, renews bones and corrects mistakes in the blueprint that could otherwise result in cancer or other diseases. He has criticized those doctors who ignore this approach and focus entirely on “the disease model” instead.
26年来，他一直宣扬自己的基本哲学观点——身体有着自己的复杂自愈系统，能够愈合伤口，促进骨骼生成，修正身体机能的错误，这些错误会导致癌症或其他疾病。对于那种忽略这种方式，只关注“疾病模式”的医生，他一直持批判态度。
Today, he says, the medical syste m in America is in desperate straits. “The technology is simply too expensive and the medical economy is not working. Hospitals are going bankrupt. Medical colleges are having to merge.” Meanwhile the consumer market for alternative medicines is booming and becoming a significant economic force. Weil has noticed more and more physicians lending him an enthusiastic ear.
他说，现在，美国的医疗系统已经有山穷水尽之象了。“技术太昂贵了，而且医疗经济这条路是行不通的。医院快要破产了。医学院将不得不进行合并。”与此同时，替代医学的消费市场欣欣向荣，成为重要的经济推动力。威尔注意到，有越来越多的医生愿意倾听他的意见了。
“I have a long hi story in this field so I have some credibility, ”he says.
“我经营此行业已久，有一些权威。”他说。
Among the millions who now attend carefully to what he has to say is the faculty of the University of Arizona College of Medicine, where a radical and innovative programme of his design, to “train a new type of physician for the next century ”, began in mid-1997.
想要认真了解他的观点的人中，就包括亚利桑那大学医学院的教职员工，在这所大学，他创办了自己设计的创新型项目，来“为下一个世纪培养新型医生”，这一项目始于1997年。
The first trainees, already qualified doctors with some years’ experience in family practice and internal medicine, embarked in July 1997 upon a two-year post-graduate course to prepare them to be leaders.
第一批学员是有多年从业经验的全科医生和内科医生。他们从1997年7月开始接受为期两年的研究生学习，将成为医疗界的领军人物。
The curriculum includes, for example, modules on Zen Meditation, medicine and culture, legal issues, “energy medicine” ( everything from x-rays to the highest technical aspects of the field ) and ancient “energy ”treatments like homeopathy, therapeutic touch and chi gong.
比如，课程包括，禅宗冥想，医学与文化，法律问题，“能量医学”（从X光到该领域的最新技术都包含在内）以及古代“能量”治疗，例如顺势疗法、按摩以及气功。
Students study in detail medical acupuncture, homoeopathy, osteopathy and guided imagery. The centre runs a clinic and conducts research and, in line with Weil’s principle that doctors should model health, a candidate’s healthy lifestyle i s a criterion for admission. A Chicago doctor who is also a professional chief has been employed to provide “decent food”to the students. Interest in alternative medicine is a major phenomenon, says Weil. It’s more than just a trend. In fact, he says, it is part of a worldwide reaction against technology and an urge to find a better balance with nature.
学生们会详细学习针灸、顺势疗法、整骨以及意象引导。该中心开办一家门诊诊所，进行科研。威尔认为医生应该成为健康榜样，因此，根据他的理论，健康的生活方式也是该中心录取学员的一个标准。一位来自芝加哥的医生会为学生提供“富有营养的食物”，这位医生本身也是一位职业主任医师。威尔表示，对于替代医学的兴趣已是社会的主流现象。这不仅仅是一种潮流。他说，实际上，这也是全球抵制技术思潮的一种反应，还是人们寻求与自然达到更好平衡的一种努力。
（七）刺杀希特勒
1944年7月20日的早上，天气非常晴暖。黎明刚过，国内驻防军参谋长史陶芬伯格开车经过炸弹摧毁的柏林市区，来到朗斯多夫机场。
他那鼓鼓的文件包里装的是有关希特勒崩溃军队的重新分配方案。他受命于下午1点在东普鲁士大本营向希特勒汇报有关事宜。
一颗用衬衣包裹的定时炸弹就放在这些文件当中。史陶芬伯格相信这颗炸弹会把阿道夫?希特勒炸成碎片。
在柏林，有一小部分军官正在准备战斗。纳粹军阀一死，他们就打算夺取首都，宣布纳粹统治瓦解，从而请求和平。
在这些军官当中，有两个是他们的首领：一个是希特勒最高野战军司令、陆
军元帅埃尔文?维茨勒本，另一个是总参某部前部长路德维希?贝克将军。这些将军和他们的共谋事者知道战争失败了。他们希望用一次大胆的行动来消灭希特勒，换来和平，从而获得让德国民族还能继续存在下去的机会。
史陶芬伯格出身于德国一个最卓越的军人世家，现在他正准备用他鼓鼓的文件包里装着的炸弹去暗杀希特勒。他不仅是极具天赋的参谋，还是诗人和音乐家。现年37岁的他曾经非常帅气，直到去年他开着指挥车在突尼斯压到了美军的地雷。在这次爆炸中，史蒂芬伯格的左眼、右手和左手的两个手指都被炸掉了。
尽管这些伤残让他很难操控这颗炸弹，但是他很有信心。他训练自己用左手的三个手指操控方糖夹钳引爆炸弹。
这是一枚英国制造的炸弹，和去年冯?泰斯库将军放在希特勒飞机上的那枚一样。这种武器的独创性设计在于没有嘀嗒的时钟声，在它爆炸之前，完全没有一点声音。
它是这样爆炸的：首先，一个玻璃囊破碎。然后，玻璃囊里面的腐蚀性酸液流出，腐化一根细线。紧接着释放出的撞针会顶开雷管将其引爆。
这根细线的粗度决定着引爆需要的时间。在1944年7月20日早上，史陶芬伯格给他的炸弹安装的是最可能细的线。当他用夹钳打碎玻璃囊后，这根细线会在10分钟后溶化。然后炸弹就爆炸了。他确定这将会是希特勒的末日。
1944年7月20日，接近中午，史陶芬伯格乘飞机抵达东普鲁士拉斯登堡大本营。与最高司令部陆军元帅凯特尔见面后，他借机离开了一会儿。在一个小屋内，他快速打开包儿，用夹钳打碎了炸弹的玻璃囊。
时间是中午12点32分。如果一切进展顺利，十分钟后，炸弹就会爆炸了。
地图室是一小间实木装修的会议厅，当凯特尔带着史陶芬伯格进来时，希特勒和将军们的中午军事会议已经开始了。军阀希特勒就坐在长桌一侧的中心位置，大概二十几个军官站在长桌的周围。史陶芬伯格来到希特勒坐得那一侧距离他几英尺的地方。他把包儿放在紧挨着桌子下一根结实的橡木柱子的里侧（朝向希特勒），距希特勒的腿大概六英尺。他悄悄的溜出房间。
勃兰特不经意间做了一个决定命运的动作。他为了看清地图靠近桌子时，史陶芬伯格的包儿绊了他一下，于是他弯下腰把它移到了橡木柱子的外侧。这根厚实的橡木柱子位于希特勒和公务包中间，挡住了爆炸的冲击。勃兰特无知的举动救了希特勒一命。
时间一分一秒地过去了，但是公务包里没发出任何声音。
就在中午12点42分，炸弹爆炸了。
站在200码远的安全距离处，史陶芬伯格看着希特勒的会议大厅上炸起的轰轰火焰和烟雾。他后来说，这个大厅就好像被一枚155毫米炮弹直接击中。尸体横飞出窗户。碎片残骸炸飞到空中。
史陶芬伯格毫不怀疑地认为，会议室的每个人要么死了，要么快死了。他急忙朝附近的营地出口跑去，假装有公务穿过士兵，急忙开车到了附近的机场，登上飞机，迅速的赶往柏林。他认为，杀死了希特勒，他现在必须领导柏林军事起义。
但是史陶芬伯格并没有杀死希特勒。这个军阀受到严重的惊吓但是并没有严重的受伤。这根橡木柱子救了他的命。他的头发烧焦了，他的腿烧伤了，他的右胳膊被击伤了，短期内瘫痪，爆炸的冲力刺破了耳膜，一块塌下来的横梁砸伤了他的后背。但是他还很有活力。
柏林和巴黎的起义都失败了，这使得希特勒的报复变得更加容易。尽管由军
队里最优秀的军人经过长期严密的策划，但是这次起义还是失败了，让人难以置信。史陶芬伯格引爆炸弹，3个小时后回到柏林，做出了英雄的壮举占领首都，宣称纳粹统治解体了。午夜时分，起义逐渐失败了。那天晚上深夜，史陶芬伯格自己也被绑缚在作战部的墙上，射击方队对他们进行了射杀。
成千上万的嫌疑犯，包括军人和市民，都被杀害了。制造阴谋的幸存下来的领导者在监狱受到了折磨，让他们坦白罪行。然后，所谓的人民法庭对他们进行审判，宣判死刑。在许多情况下，受害人被从肉铺借来的挂肉钩做成的钢琴绳吊起来慢慢地勒死。
陆军元帅冯?维茨莱本就是这样被勒死了。同样，陆军元帅冯?克鲁格、隆美尔和贝克将军设法通过自杀躲过了希特勒的残忍报复。因为隆美尔过去对希特勒的贡献，实际上他得到希特勒的特许，因背叛而审判或自杀。他选择的是自杀。
（八）天赋、智力和种族
——特赖布硕士及其他人尽管在见过或听过天赋时，我们大多数人都能辨识出，但是因为它是一个独
特的素质，所以很难量化。相比之下，智力可能较容易量化，并且像天赋一样，它具备受环境塑造的多基因的特征。但是，在这种具体的情况下，我们想知道，遗传和环境对智力的塑造之影响分别有多大，因为这一点具有重要的社会和教育的意义。
人类基因学家尝试分解由遗传或环境对相关特征影响的成分，他们开始研究双胞胎。双胞胎有两种：（i）双受精卵双胞胎，他们除了年龄一样以外，与普通的兄弟姐妹没什么两样；（ii）单受精卵双胞胎，他们总是同性别，通常长得很像，以至于很难分辨。双受精卵双胞胎起源于有两个精子授精的分开的受精卵，这两个授精时间极其接近。单受精卵双胞胎起源于同一个受精卵，在早期分裂时，形成两个部分，所以每个部分分别形成一个独立的胚胎，他们在基因方面是完全相同的。
考虑到与人类实验相联系的种族的或其他方面的限制，科学家如何用单卵和双卵双胞胎去决定遗传和环境对人类表现型的作用呢？下面简要给出一些观点，预测这种实验最可能的一些结论。
单卵和双卵双胞胎的许多结构上的、生化或行为方式上的和表现类型等上的特征都可以量化。人们预期在单卵双胞胎的测量上，许多特征将会有较高的相似度，因为只要他们在相似的环境中长大，他们有着相同的基因类型。而双卵双胞胎应该不会显出如此强的相似度，因为即使他们在相同的环境中长成，他们有不同的基因型。
为了衡量环境方面不同的影响，科学家们研究的是单卵双胞胎中相同的特征，他们在一出生便分开，然后在不同的社会环境，不同的家庭里面成长。
智力具有数量特征，确有基因成分，但是我们不应该认为它只有一个表现维度。因为个体基因类型差异很大，所以有从愚钝到聪明的线性标准衡量智力是极为局限的。任何数量的基因组和都会使个体具有一些倾向性，诸如音乐天赋、绘画天赋、电脑程序设计天赋或者北极生存狩猎天赋等。这些能力的表达相互之间也许有联系，也许没有。而且，相同的基因型在极不相同的环境下有极不相同的
新视野大学英语(第2册)课本翻译答案
新视野大学英语读写教程第二版第二册(1-10单元)翻译 Unit 1 1. 她连水都不愿喝一口，更别提留下来吃饭了。(much less) She wouldn’t take a drink, much less would she stay for dinner. 2. 他认为我在对他说谎，但实际上我讲的是实话。(whereas) He thought I was lying to him, whereas I was telling the truth. 3. 这个星期你每天都迟到，对此你怎么解释?(account for) How do you account for the fact that you have been late every day this week? 4. 他们利润增长的部分原因是采用了新的市场策略。(due to) The increase in their profits is due partly to their new market strategy. 5. 这样的措施很可能会带来工作效率的提高。(result in) Such measures are likely to result in the improvement of work efficiency. 6. 我们已经在这个项目上投入了大量时间和精力，所以我们只能继续。(pour into) We have already poured a lot of time and energy into the project, so we have to carry on. Unit 2 1. 尽管她是家里的独生女，她父母也从不溺爱她。(despite) Despite the fact that she is the only child in her family, she is never babied by her parents. 2. 迈克没来参加昨晚的聚会，也没给我打电话作任何解释。(nor) Mike didn’t come to the party last night, nor did he call me to give an explanation. 3. 坐在他旁边的那个人确实发表过一些小说，但决不是什么大作家。(next to；by no means) The person sitting next to him did publish some novels, but he is by no means a great writer. 4. 他对足球不敢兴趣，也从不关心谁输谁赢。(be indifferent to) He has no interest in football and is indifferent to who wins or loses. 5. 经理需要一个可以信赖的助手，在他外出时，由助手负责处理问题。(count on) The manager needs an assistant that he can count on to take care of problems in his absence. 6. 这是他第一次当着那么多观众演讲。(in the presence of sb.) This is the first time that he has made a speech in the presence of so large an audience. Unit 3 1.你再怎么有经验，也得学习新技术。(never too…to…)
大学英语Unit 1 课文翻译
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大学英语精读1课文翻译
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大学英语2翻译原文及答案
Unit1 1.背离传统需要极大的勇气 1) It takes an enormous amount of courage to make a departure from the tradition. 2.汤姆过去很腼腆，但这次却非常勇敢能在大庭广众面前上台表演了。 2) Tom used to be very shy, but this time he was bold enough to give a performance in front of a large audience. 3.很多教育家认为从小培养孩子的创新精神是很可取的。 3) Many educators think it desirable to foster the creative spirit in the child at an early age. 4.假设那幅画确实是名作，你觉得值得购买吗？ 4) Assuming (that) this painting really is a masterpiece, do you think it’s worthwhile to buy/purchase it? 5.如果这些数据统计上市站得住脚的，那它将会帮助我们认识正在调查的问题。 5) If the data is statistically valid, it will throw light on the problem we are investigating. Unit2 1.该公司否认其捐款有商业目的。 1) The company denied that its donations had a commercial purpose.
大学英语精读 第二册第一、二课 课文翻译
Unit1 The Dinner Party 关于男人是否比女人更勇敢的一场激烈争论以一种颇为出人意料的方式解决了 The dinner party 晚宴 1. I first heard this tale in India, where is told as if true—though any naturalist would know it couldn’t be. Later someone told me that the story appeared in a magazine shortly before the First World War. That magazine story, and the person who wrote it, I have never been able to track down. 我最初听到这个故事是在印度，那儿的人们今天讲起它来仍好像确有其事似的——尽管任何一位博物学家都知道这不可能是真的。后来有人告诉我，在第一次世界大战之前不久，一家杂志曾刊登过这个故事。但登在杂志上的那篇故事以及写那篇故事的人，我却一直未能找到。 2.The country is India.A colonial official and his wife are giving a large dinner party. They are seated with their guests—officers and their wives, and a visiting American naturalist—in their spacious dining room, which has a bare marble floor, open rafters and wide glass doors opening onto a veranda. 故事发生在印度。某殖民地官员和他的夫人正举行盛大的晚宴。筵席设在他们家宽敞的餐室里，室内大理石地板上没有铺地毯；屋顶明椽裸露；宽大的玻璃门外便是走廊。跟他们一起就坐的客人有军官和他们的夫人，另外还有一位来访的美国博物学家。 3. A spirited discussion springs up between a young girl who says that women have outgrown the jumping-on-a-chair-at-the-sight-of-a-mouse era and a major who says that they haven't. 席间，一位年轻的女士同一位少校展开了热烈的讨论。年轻的女士认为，妇女已经有所进步，不再像过去那样一见到老鼠就吓得跳到椅子上；少校则不以为然。 4. "A woman's reaction in any crisis, "the major says, "is to scream. And while a man may feel like it, he has that ounce more of control than a woman has. And that last ounce is what really counts." 他说：“一遇到危急情况，女人的反应便是尖叫。而男人虽然也可能想叫，但比起女人来，自制力却略胜一筹。这多出来的一点自制力正是真正起作用的东西。” 5. The American does not join in the argument but watches the other guests. As he looks, he sees a strange expression come over the face of the hostess. She is straight ahead, her muscles contracting slightly. She motions to the native boy standing behind her chair and whispers something to him. The boy's eyes widen：he quickly leaves the room. 那个美国人没有参加这场争论，他只是注视着在座的其他客人。在他这样观察时，他发现女主人的脸上显出一种奇异的表情。她两眼盯着正前方，脸部肌肉在微微抽搐。她向站在座椅后面的印度男仆做了个手势，对他耳语了几句。男仆两眼睁得大大的，迅速地离开了餐室。 6. Of the guests, none except the American notices this or sees the boy place a bowl of milk on the veranda just outside the open doors. 在座的客人中除了那位美国人以外谁也没注意到这一幕，也没有看到那个男仆把一碗牛奶放在紧靠门边的走廊上。 7. The American comes to with a start. In India, milk in a bowl means only one thing—bait for a snake. He realizes there must be a cobra in the room. He looks up at the rafters—the likeliest place—but they are bare. Three corners of the room are empty, and in the fourth the servants are
大学英语第一册课文翻译
新编大学英语（第二版）第一册阅读文参考译文 Unit One 以生命相赠 1 炸弹落在了这个小村庄里。在可怕的越南战争期间，谁也不知道这些炸弹要轰炸什么目标，而他们却落在了一所有传教士们办的小孤儿院内。 2 传教士和一两个孩子已经丧生，还有几个孩子受了伤，其中有一个小女孩，8岁左右，她的双腿被炸伤。 3 几小时后，医疗救援小组到了。救援小组由一名年轻的美国海军医生和一名同样年轻的海军护士组成。他们很快发现有个小女孩伤势严重。如果不立即采取行动，显然她就会因失血过多和休克而死亡。 4 他们明白必须给小女孩输血，但是他们的医药用品很有限，没有血浆，因此需要相配血型的血。快速的血型测定显示两名美国人的血型都不合适，而几个没有受伤的孤儿却有相配的血型。 5 这位医生会讲一点越南语，忽视会讲一点法语，但只有中学的法语水平。孩子们不会说英语，只会说一点法语。医生和护士用少得可怜的一点共同语言，结合大量的手势，努力向这些受惊吓的孩子们解释说，除非他们能输一些血给自己的小伙伴，否则她将必死无疑。接着问他们是否有人愿意献血来救小女孩。 6 对医生和护士的请求，孩子们（只是）瞪大眼睛，一声不吭。此时小病人生命垂危。然而，只有这些受惊吓的孩子中有人自愿献血，他们才能够得到血。过了好一会儿，一只小手慢慢地举了起来，然后垂了下去，一会儿又举了起来。 7 “噢，谢谢，”护士用法语说。“你叫什么名字？” 8 “兴，”小男孩回答道。 9 兴很快被抱到一张床上，手臂用酒精消毒后，针就扎了进去。在整个过程中，兴僵直地躺着，没有出声。 10 过了一会儿，他发出了一声长长的抽泣，但立即用那只可以活动的手捂住了自己的脸。 11 “兴，疼吗？”医生问。 12 兴默默地摇了摇头，但一会儿忍不住又抽泣起来，并又一次试图掩饰自己的哭声。医生又问是不是插在手臂上的针弄疼了他，兴又摇了摇头。
[实用参考]大学英语精读第三版第四册课文及课文翻译.doc
Unit1 Twocollege-ageboPs,unawarethatmakingmonePusuallPinvolveshardwork,aretemptedbPanadvertis ementthatpromisesthemaneasPwaPtoearnalotofmoneP.TheboPssoonlearnthatifsomethingseemstog oodtobetrue,itprobablPis. 一个大学男孩，不清楚赚钱需要付出艰苦的劳动，被一份许诺轻松赚大钱的广告吸引了。男孩们很快就明白，如果事情看起来好得不像真的，那多半确实不是真的。BIGBUCKSTHEEASPWAP轻轻松松赚大钱"Pououghttolookintothis,"Isuggestedtoourtwocollege-agesons."ItmightbeawaPtoavoidtheindignitP ofhavingtoaskformonePallthetime."Ihandedthemsomemagazinesinaplasticbagsomeonebadhungon ourdoorknob.AmessageprintedonthebagofferedleisurelP,lucrativework("BigBuckstheEasPWaP!")o fdeliveringmoresuchbags. “你们该看看这个，”我向我们的两个读大学的儿子建议道。“你们若想避免因为老是向人讨钱而有失尊严的话，这兴许是一种办法。”我将挂在我们门把手上的、装在一个塑料袋里的几本杂志拿给他们。塑料袋上印着一条信息说，需要招聘人投递这样的袋子，这活儿既轻松又赚钱。（“轻轻松松赚大钱!”） "Idon'tmindtheindignitP,"theolderoneanswered.“我不在乎失不失尊严，”大儿子回答说。"Icanlivewithit,"hisbrotheragreed.“我可以忍受，”他的弟弟附和道。"Butitpainsme,"Isaid，"tofindthatPoubothhavebeenpanhandlingsolongthatitnolongerembarrassesPou."“看到你们俩伸手讨钱讨惯了一点也不感到尴尬的样子，真使我痛心，”我说。TheboPssaidthePwouldlookintothemagazine-deliverPthing.Pleased,Ilefttownonabusinesstrip.BPmi dnightIwascomfortablPsettledinahotelroomfarfromhome.Thephonerang.ItwasmPwife.Shewantedt oknowhowmPdaPhadgone.孩子们说他们可以考虑考虑投递杂志的事。我听了很高兴，便离城出差去了。午夜时分，我已远离家门，在一家旅馆的房间里舒舒服服住了下来。电话铃响了，是妻子打来的。她想知道我这一天过得可好。 "Great!"Ienthused."HowwasPourdaP?"Iinquired.“好极了!”我兴高采烈地说。“你过得怎么样?”我问道。 "Super!"Shesnapped."Justsuper!Andit'sonlPgettingstarted.Anothertruckjustpulledupoutfront."“棒极了!”她大声挖苦道。“真棒!而且这还仅仅是个开始。又一辆卡车刚在门前停下。”"Anothertruck?"“又一辆卡车?” "Thethirdonethisevening.ThefirstdeliveredfourthousandMontgomerPWards.Thesecondbroughtfour thousandSears,Roebucks.Idon'tknowwhatthisonehas,butI'msureitwillbefourthousandofsomething.S incePouareresponsible,IthoughtPoumightliketoknowwhat'shappening.“今晚第三辆了。第一辆运来了四千份蒙哥马利-沃德百货公司的广告；第二辆运来四千份西尔斯-罗伯克百货公司的广告。我不知道这一辆装的啥，但我肯定又是四千份什么的。既然这事是你促成的，我想你或许想了解事情的进展。” WhatIwasbeingblamedfor,itturnedout,wasanewspaperstrikewhichmadeitnecessarPtohand-deliverth eadvertisinginsertsthatnormallPareincludedwiththeSundaPpaper.ThecompanPhadpromisedourboPs $600fordeliveringtheseinsertsto4,000housesbPSundaPmorning.我之所以受到指责，事情原来是这样：由于发生了一起报业工人罢工，通常夹在星期日报纸里的广告插页，必须派人直接投送出去。公司答应给我们的孩子六百美金，任务是将这些广告插页在星期天早晨之前投递到四千户人家去。 "Pieceofcake!"ouroldercollegesonhadshouted.“不费吹灰之力!”我们上大学的大儿子嚷道。"SiGhundredbucks!"Hisbrotherhadechoed,"Andwecandothejobintwohours!"“六百块!”他的弟弟应声道，“我们两个钟点就能干完!” "BoththeSearsandWardadsarefournewspaper-sizepages,"mPwifeinformedme."TherearethirtP-twot housandpagesofadvertisingonourporch.Evenaswespeak,twobigguPsarecarrPingarmloadsofpaperup thewalk.Whatdowedoaboutallthis?"“西尔斯和沃德的广告通常都是报纸那么大的四页，”妻子告诉我说，“现在我们门廊上堆着三万二千页广告。就在我们说话的当儿，两个大个子正各抱着一大捆广告走过来。这么多广告，我们可怎么办?”"JusttelltheboPstogetbusP,"Iinstructed."TheP'recollegemen.TheP'lldowhatthePhavetodo."“你让孩子们快干，”我指示说。“他们都是大学生了。他们自己的事得由他们自己去做。”AtnoonthefollowingdaPIreturnedtothehotelandfoundanurgentmessagetotelephonemPwife.Hervoic
全新版大学英语2课后翻译汇总
Unit1 1 背离传统需要极大的勇气It takes a n enorm ous amount of courage to make a departure from the tradition. 2 汤姆过去很腼腆，但这次却非常勇敢能在大庭广众面前上台表演了2) T om used to be very shy, but this time he was bold enough to give a performance in front of a large audience. 3 很多教育家认为从小培养孩子的创新精神是很可取的3) Ma ny educator s think it desira ble to foster the creative spirit in the child at an early age. 4 假设那幅画确实是名作，你觉得值得购买么4) A ssuming (that) this painting really is a masterpiece, do y ou think it’s w orthw hile to buy/pur cha se it? 5 如果这些数据统计上是站得住脚的，那他将会帮助我们认识正在调查的问题5) If the data is stati stically valid, it will throw light on the pr oblem we are investigati ng. Unit2 1该公司否认其捐款有商业目的1) T he com pany denied that its donations had a commercial pur pose. 2每当他生气时，他说话就有一些结巴2) Whenever he was a ngry, he would begin to stammer slightly. 3教育是我们家庭最看重的传统，这就是为什么我父母不带我到昂贵的饭店吃饭，却送我到最好的私立学校上学3) Educati on is the most cherished tradition in our family. That’s w hy my parents never took me to dinner at expensive restaurants, but sent me to the best private school. 4 手术康复后不久，他失业了，因此经历了人生又一个困难阶段4) S hortly after he recovered fr om the surgery, he lost his job and thus had to go through another difficult pha se of his life. 5与我们的富裕邻居相比，我们的父母就相当穷了，但他们总是努力满足我们最起码的需求5) In contrast to our affluent neighbors, m y parents are rather poor, but they have always tried har d to meet our minimal needs. Unit3 1科学家们找到火星上有水的证据了吗1) Have scienti sts found proof of water on Mar s? 2 计划委员会已经将建核电厂的可能地点缩小到了两个沿海城镇2) The pla nning committee has narrowed down the possible locations for the nuclear power plant to tw o coa stal towns. 3山姆不仅失去了工作，而且还失去了双腿，他只好靠社会救济度过余生3) Sam not only lost his j ob but also both legs; he ha d to live on welfare for the rest of his life. 4由十二人组成的陪审团一致表决认为玛丽有罪4) A jury consisting of 12 mem bers voted in unison that Mary wa s guilty. 5听到有人质疑他的才能，肖恩觉得收到了奇耻大辱5) Sean felt humiliated ti hear his talent being que stioned. Unit4 1研究表明，笑能带来许多健康上的好处1) Re search shows that laughter can bring a lot of health be nefits. 2互联网连接速度慢真让人心烦2) A slow I nternet connecting speed is really annoying. 3法律规定，帮助他人自杀是犯罪3) As the law sta nds, helping someone commit suicide is a crime. 4 玛丽在她的报告中试图从一个完全不同的角度来解释这些数据4) 4)In her report, Mary trie s to interpret the data from a completely different angle. 5 苏是一个很有天分的女孩，他那惊人的记忆力使她在同班同学中显得格外突出5) Sue is a girl of great talent. Her amazing memory sets her apart from her classmates. Unit5 1是工人和主管人员的创造力和敬业精神将这个公司变成了一个盈利的企业1) It is the creativity and dedicati on of the worker s and executive s that turned the com pany into a pr ofita ble busine ss. 2食品和医药的价格在过去的三个月里急剧增长2) The price s of food and me dicine have soared in the pa st three months. 3我们打算重新粉刷这栋办公大楼的上面几层3) We plan to repaint the upper floors of he office building. 4 他的成功表面流行与艺术价值有时候是一致的4) His succe ss shows that popularity and artisti c merit sometimes coincide. 5我不愿意看见我所敬爱的祖母躺在医院床上痛苦的呻吟 5) I don’t want to see my beloved gra ndmother lying in a hospital bed a nd gr oaning painfully. Unit6 1他这人话不多，但要说玩电脑那他就太机灵了，同学们都不是他的对手 1) He is a man of few words, but when it come s to playing a computer games, he is far too clever for his classmates. 2 无知的孩子们可能认为这些动物很可爱并开始跟他们玩起来2) Children who don’t know any better may think the se animals are pretty cute and start playing with them. 3没有办法获得贷款，所以，要购买新设备，我只得咬紧牙关，卖掉我的混合型动力汽车3) There is no way to obtain a loan,so to buy the new equipment, I will just have to grit my teeth and sell my hybrid car. 4 如果猎人没有看到一群象朝他的营地走来，他就不会开枪 4) The hunter would not ha ve fired the shots if he hadn’t seen a herd of elephants coming towards his campsite. 5我觉得具有讽刺意味的是汤姆的记忆是有选择的，他好像不记得过去痛苦的经历特别是那些有他自己制造的痛苦经历5) I find it ironic that T om has a selective memory --- he does not seem to remember painful experiences in the past, particularly those of his own doing.
全新版大学英语综合教程第二册英文翻译中文
1单元 1.Appalled by what their children spend on candy and video games(or, rather, appalled by the degree to which their children’s overspending seems to mimic their own), parents devise ways to lock up their children’s resources. 孩子们在糖果、电子游戏上的花费之大令家长们十分震惊（或者更确切地说，孩子们的超支行为似乎是在竭力仿效父母，这令家长们十分震惊），于是家长便设法把孩子们的钱存起来不让他们用。 2、Compounded, that works out to an annual rate of more than 70 cent 以复利计算，年息达到 70%以上。 3、 give them unlimited access to their funds, no questions asked, and I provide printed statements I on demand. 他们使用自己的资金我不加任何限制，不做任何询问，我还根据要求随时提供打印的账单。 4、The only way to teach kids to adopt a lo-term perspective is to give them a short-term incentive for doing so. 教育孩子们看问题要有长远目光的唯一途径，是让孩子们近期内便能尝到某种甜头，从而激励他们去那样做。 2单元 1.Only in america can a billionaire carry on like plain folks and get away with it. 只有在美国，一个亿万富翁才能像普通百姓一样，安稳地过着普普通通的日子。 2.By all accounts,he's friendly, cheerful,a fine nerghbor who does his best to blend in,never flashy,never throwing his weight around. 人人都说他为人友善，性情开朗，是个好邻居；他尽力与人们融洽相处，从不炫耀，也从不盛气凌人。 3.But one recent morning, The Richest Man in America did something that would have made headlines anywhere in the world: He forgot his money.但最近的一个早晨，美国最富有的人做的事情会有头条任何地方在世界：他忘了他的钱。 4.But just how long walton can hold firm to his folksy habits with celebrity hunters keeping following him wherever he goes is anyone’s guess. 然而，沃尔顿所到之处名人追星族紧跟不舍，他的平民习惯能保持多久，就很难说了。3单元 1.“I made some comment about him, I don’t remember exactly what, but I got the typical teenager guttural sigh and Katie rolled her eyes at me as if to say, ‘Oh Dad, you are so out of it.’” “我做了一些关于他的评论，我不记得什么，但我得到了典型的少年的喉 音叹息和凯蒂推出了她的眼睛，我仿佛在说，'哦，爸爸，你是如此的出 它。” 2.As telephones became ubiquitous inthe last century, users— adults and teenagers alike—found a form of privacy and easy communication unknown to Alexander Graham Bell or his daughters. 上个世纪电话到处普及的时候，电话使用人——打人孩子都一样——发现 了一种私密空间和简便的交流方式，这是亚历山大格兰姆贝尔和他的女 儿们始料未及的 3.Baby boomers who warned decades ago that their out-of-touch parents couldn’t be trusted now sometimes find themselves raising children who—thanks to the Internet and the cellphone—consider Mom and Dad to be clueless,too. 婴儿潮重诞生的人几十年前曾警告说， 他们的父母脱离现实，不能信任。现在他们自己也有了孩子，这些孩子 由于互联网和手机的缘故，也认为爸妈一无所知。” 4.I could have them in the same room texting, or I wouldn’t let them text and they would leave,”says Mr.Pence of his children. “They are good kids, but you want to know what they are up to. “我要么让他们呆在同一间屋里发短信，要么不让他们发短信而他们就走 开。”潘斯先生这样说他的孩子们。“他们是孩子，但是父母还是想知道 他们在干些啥。”研究表明，笑能够带来许多健康上的好处。 4单元 1.It is the sound of the only lasting disagreement in a household that is otherwise peaceful. 这是一个原本安宁的家庭中 唯一持续不去的不和谐音。 2.It leads to intimacy before acquaintance; it scatters secrets outwards, not inwards; and, most worrying of all, it is a vehicle for liars. 它使人们还未相识就已接近；它不能保守秘密反而扩散秘密； 而最令人担心的是，它是撒谎人传播谎言的工具 3.I said, trying to be reasonable but altogether succeeding, that in and among the thing they “tell”each other on the tap-tap, a tendency to murder might just have been overlooked, might it not? 我说，他们啪嗒啪嗒“讲给”互相听的事情中，杀人的倾 向或许就被这忽略了，难道这不可能吗？我说这话时尽量想做到通情达 理，但不完全成功。 4.Needless to say, it is a new version of the old tale of innocents calling forth evil forces they cannot control, this time in the form of a visitor with the ever-handy axe packed in his luggage. 不用说，这又是一些无辜的人引出了邪恶的力量却又不能控制 的老故事的翻版，这一次的邪恶力量是以一位来客的面貌出现，但行囊 中却藏着斧头，随时可以拿出来杀人。 5单元 I felt that if the day arrived when I was unable to lift one foot up one step and then drag the other painfully after it---repeating the process 14 times until,utterly spent,I would be through---I could then admit defeat and lie down and die. 我觉得如果有一天我无法再抬起一只脚迈上一个台阶，再痛苦地拖起另一 只脚——将这个过程重复14 遍，直到精疲力竭爬上去——到那时候我 就会服输并躺下死去。I believed that in this whole world I alone had been chosen to suffer. 我认为在这整个世界里，就我一个人被选 中去受苦受难。In the next few forzen seconds the shame and horror of that moment penetrated,and I was sick with an intensity I had never felt before. 刹那间，时间凝固了，我感到万分 的羞愧和震惊。我从来没有这么难受过。I realized that I was filled to overflowing with self-pity,selfishness,and indifference to the needs of others. 我意识到我的自艾自怜、自私，以及对他人需求的冷 漠，已到了无可复加的地步。他这人话不多，但要说玩电脑那他就太机 灵了，同学们都不是他的对手。 6单元 1.The thought of answering other people’s telephones,typing other people’s work and watching other people take credit for my ideas and opinions would throw me into week-long bouts of depression. 每当我想起给别人回电话、打字，看到我出的主意和见解 却让别人去受益时，常常整个星期都会闷闷不乐。 2.How long could I live like this?Certainly not until I retired. 这 样的生活我能维持多久？肯定不会到我退休之时。 3.I steeled myself to travel the road that would lesd me to a better understanding of who I was and of what I wanted out of life. 我坚定地走下去，这条路将使我更好地了解自己，更好地认清自己 生活的目的。 4.And it’s not so much the results of the action that have reshaped me(although that’s important,too)as it is the realization that I have within myself what it takes to do what I set out to do. 此外，给我带来新的生活的，与其说是自己努力取得的 结果（虽然这也很重要），不如说是由于意识到自己具有潜在的能力可以 做自己想做的事。自从新政策生效之后，很多小企业在这个城市涌现出 来。 7单元 1.It is unparalleled in several ways: by the increasing number of users of the language; by its depth of penetration into societies; by its range of functions. 这一过程在几个方面都有前所 未有的：英语使用人数的增加，英语在不同社会渗透的深度，以及英语功 用的广度。 2.What began some 1,500 years ago as a crude language, originally spoken by little known German tribes who invaded England, now covers the globe. 大约1500 年前，英语还只是那些 入侵英格兰的鲜为人知的日耳曼部落使用的一种粗俗的语言，如今它却遍 及全球。 3.With this technical and scientific dominance came the beginning of overall dominance by the language, first in Europe and then globally. 随着它在科技领域主导地位的确立，英语先是在欧 洲，继而在全球开始取得全面的主导地位。 4.While languages such as English, German, and French have been international languages because of their governments' political power, this is less likely to be the case in the 21st century where economics and shifts in population will have more influence on languages. 虽然英语、德语和法语这些语言曾经 凭着各自政府的政治力量而成为国际语言，这种情况在经济和人口变化 对语言的影响更大的21 世纪不太可能发生。 请浏览后下载，资料供参考，期待您的好评与关注！