《英语泛读教程(第二版)》第三册 unit 3 bursting the magic bubble课文翻译burstingthemagicbubble译文

泛读第三册unit 3 bursting the magic bubble课文翻译Bursting the magic bubble

打破魔术的气泡

人们首先感到的是震惊，略带点不信任。接下来的一刻是惊叹。然后，一阵很大的骚乱扭曲了大家的理智，你已经上当了。你无法抗拒一个好的魔术的影响。从Houdini的惊天逃生和Derron

Brown虚幻的精神欺骗，再到儿童聚会上的魔术表演，无人能抵抗魔术的魅力。

“魔术由来已久，并与时俱进。”来自Hertfordshire大学的心理学教授Richard Wiseman说，“一个魔术结束时，你在看的大都是一些专业技术效果。我想心理学家们从这点可以学到很多。”

但是，心理学家并不满足于欣赏魔术，现在正利用魔术对心智的影响揭秘我们如何处理涌入大脑的感官信息的洪流，以及如何将其加工成属于现实世界而又来自精神世界的画面。魔术是一种欺骗，是对精神世界中有序画面的扰乱——物体好像漂浮在半空中，硬币或者纸牌在眼前消失。如今科学家们相信，通过详细描绘出我们的心智是如何被欺骗的，甚至可以解开意识本身的一些奥秘。

“在过去的5年里，当我们看到诸如对变化视而不见之类的事情以及又一事实，即意识来自真实的构建，也甚至可以来自错觉的误导时，我们做了反省。”身为技艺精湛的魔术师并为Magic

Circle（魔术圈）成员的Wiseman说，“现今人们意识到了魔术师做的事非常特别.

一些现代心理学的创始人曾对魔术师颇有兴趣：在19世纪90年代，现代IQ 测试的发明者Alfred

Binet和Max Dessoir记录了关于魔术师们如何利用暗示和注意力转移让那些错觉发挥作用的方式。1986年，Joseph

Jastow在《科学》杂志上发表了关于当时大魔术师们的一些魔术使用的手法的文章。但这些文章只是描述了魔术师所做的，无力解释为什么魔术会对观众

产生这样的影响。结果，人们对研究魔术中的心理学的兴趣消失了近一个世纪。

但是，正如Wiseman所说，这一兴趣正在全力复兴。

魔术就是要让别人相信不可能的事刚才发生了。为了实现这一欺骗，需要高超的技术和杰出的表演。

“魔术师为了欺骗我们，要利用一些手段，如控制注意力和挖掘我们注意到或没注意到环境发生变化时做的假设。因此，我们开始意识到在魔术师心里，对我们如何感知周遭世界有着不明说的认识。”Wiseman说，“就如何表演魔术，有大篇幅的详尽的指导。当看到那些描述有多么详细时，人们总是被打倒了。”

比如说，一个四五分钟的纸牌魔术，可能要用20页详细的文字来确切地描述看哪里，说什么，等等。对一个魔术的很多理解都要从关注的角度来看。

尽管魔术师手的灵巧性很重要，观众在骗术中也是重要的参与者。毕竟，错觉产生的地方正是观众的内心。“魔术师们似乎可以在关注面前做一些秘密的举动，而且不被发现。我好奇为什么人们觉察不到这些举动。”Durham大学的心理学家Gustav

Kuhn说。

在硬币消失的魔术中就运用了一个简单的误导手法。“你在台上做的事就是假装把硬币从一只手交给另一只手，但是事实上硬币还留在原来的手上。”Wiseman说，“重要的是你要看你想要观众去看的地方。你要看的不是硬币，而是没有硬币的手。在动作方面，你移动没有硬币的手，把人们的注意力吸引到它上面。”

在另一个魔术师假装把球扔到空中的魔术中，误导的手法又被推进了一步。“人们常常有这样的经历，尽管根本没有球，他们也看见球在空中移动。”Kuhn 说。他们声称看见了球在移动，但是显然球不在那里，所以求肯定是在他们的心中心理学家可以通过这些魔术瞥见我们的内心是如何诠释周遭世界的。

“魔术师是在掌控你的意识。他们让你看到一些不可能的事。”Wiseman 说，“他们让你构造出一个根本就不真实的故事。这就是说，他们知道如何让你意识到一些东西，而又看不到一些东西。我希望的是，这由来已久作为娱乐工具的魔术，会让我们真正地洞察到意识的那些深邃的奥秘。”

我们的大脑会，有来自周遭环境的感官信息洪流涌入，会过滤掉其中很大一

部分。Kuhn解释说，我们看到的是我们想要看的，是我们的内心好奇的。“这个世界在我们的视觉上的呈现比我们设想的更贫乏。人们可以看着一样东西却没有意识到它的存在。感知事物并不只是看着它，还要专注于它。”

在Kuhn最近的工作中，他表演了一个魔术——一只香烟似乎消失了。其中没有什么戏法或者秘密，而只是一件简单的事——让香烟掉落在大腿上。“这就发生在观众跟前，但是我把他们的注意力从香烟上转移开了。”Kuhn说。

观众在看的时候，戴着视线追踪器（实质上是一对监视眼球转动的照相机，在每一时刻记录人在看的准确位置）。

我们知道我们只能从专注的区域接受到高质量的信息，那就是我们视力范围的中央。如果伸出你的手臂，你的视觉的中心大概只有两个拇指宽——其他的一切都很模糊。我们弥补这一点的办法是转动我们的眼球巡视以填补视觉上的空白，构造出一幅更好的周遭世界的画面。

Kuhn的研究将会在接下来的几个月里发表在《感知》日志上，它们表明人们只是盯着误导的位置，还不足以发现魔术是如何进行的。

“人们可以很近地看着香烟在哪里掉的，却没有看见香烟。”他说，“其他一些人可以从相当远的地方看，但确实看到了香烟。”

“这表明周遭环境呈现在我们头脑中的画面有多大程度是基于预想而大规模创造的，我们所想的，我们通常遇到的，等等，都很重要。”Wiseman说，“这正是魔术师非常善于利用的。”

因此，误导观众不只是让它们看错误的方向——真正成功的魔术师会转移它们的注意力。通常，人们的注意力集中在所看的地方，但这是可以掌控的。“你可能在看一个场景，然后你听到背后有人说话，于是你的注意力转移到了背后，你对眼前视觉信息的处理就会受损。”Kuhn说。

在误导手法中，话语提示也可以发挥重大作用。在最近的研究中，Wiseman 考察了一个魔术是如何利用语言提示的。全世界的魔术师都用过这个魔术，算是由Uri

Geller将其名气推至了最高点。试验中，他让学生看了魔术师扭曲一把钥匙的录像，表面上是意念控制（实际上是凭借敏捷的手法）。然后魔术师把钥匙放在桌子上，静态拍摄这把已经弯曲并没有再弯曲的钥匙，直到录像结束。但是台

上的魔术师旁白提示说，这把钥匙还在继续弯曲。

实验结果发表在当年的《英国心理学日志》上，称40%的人声称在录像结尾的静态拍摄中看到钥匙在继续弯曲。而在对照组，没有魔术师的旁白，只有5%的人报告说看见钥匙在继续弯曲。

当然，暗示还有其他的形式。“在抛球的试验中，我们发现人们不只是抬头看球，还在看魔术师面部的提示，以判断球最后会停在哪儿。”Kuhn说，“如果魔术师不向上看空中，魔术就不会成功。人们感觉自己在看球，但是他们做的其实是监查魔术师的面部提示，并用这些信息引导他们眼球的转动。”

“这导致了一个有趣的想法-有些人能对魔法的一些效果免疫吗？例如，患有自闭症的人，往往很难测量面部暗示，所以他们的注意力不会受到某人看的地方的影响。“你会预料到患有自闭症的人更有可能发现香烟的诡计，”库恩说。

下一步直接看大脑..与埃克塞特大学认知神经科学中心的心理学家蒂姆·霍德森（Tim Hodson）和本·帕里斯（Ben Parris）合作，库恩计划让人们进入功能性磁共振成像机器，研究当他们观看魔术时，大脑的哪些部分会激活。

帕里斯说：“我们对大脑中发现因果关系的部分非常感兴趣。”

特别是，实验将监测背侧外侧前额叶皮层，这是众所周知的大脑中的一部分，它表示惊讶，而前扣带回，当在我们的直接环境中发生不协调的事情时，它就会被激活。

当然，魔法不仅仅是惊喜，所以研究人员会寻找更多的东

?。“当你在看魔术时，只有一秒钟的时间，当你不相信的时候，这就是我们正在寻找的，那个确切的时刻，”他说。“神奇的地方”

帕里斯说：“没有人做过这件事，现在还不清楚这是大脑的一部分还是一个网络。”

但是，当心理学家慢慢地掌握魔术师设法欺骗我们的大脑的方法时，难道不存在魔法失去力量的?险吗？它不会再令人惊奇了？怀斯曼认为不是。“我们得到的是一个更知情的观众，”他说。这有点像变戏法——一旦你试着变三个

球，然后突然意识到变七是多么困难，你就会更加欣赏变戏法者。

这项研究对魔术的实践者也有好处。库恩说：“他们会意识到，人类的头脑比我们魔术师预期的更容易犯错。”也许魔术师在观众面前隐藏自己秘密的方式太小心了。他们也许还能逃得更远一点。

Bursting the magic bubble

First there's shock tinged with disbelief. A moment of wonder follows. Then, a desperate scramble to rack your brains and work out just how you've been had. There's no denying the effects of a good magic trick. From the great escapes of Houdini and the surreal mental trickery of Derren Brown to the conjurors at children's parties, the appeal is universal.

"Magic's been around for a very long time and it improves over time," says Richard Wiseman, a professor of psychology at Hertfordshire University. "What you're looking at when you see a finished piece of magic is a great deal of expertise, and I think psychologists have a lot to learn from that."

But, not content with just enjoying the tricks, psychologists are now using their effects on the mind to work out how we handle the floods of sensory information coming into our brains and process it into a mental picture of the world around us. Magic is a deception, a disruption of that orderly mental picture where things seem to float in mid-air or coins and cards vanish in front of our eyes. Scientists now believe that, by mapping out how our brains are deceived, they could even help to unlock some of the mysteries of consciousness itself.

"Over the last five years, there's been a reawakening as we look at things like change blindness [a failure to see large changes in a visual scene] and at the fact that consciousness is a construction and may even be an illusion," says Wiseman, himself an accomplished magician and member of the Magic Circle. "Now there's a recognition that magicians are doing something very special."

Some of the founders of modern psychology were fascinated by magicians: throughout the 1890s, Alfred Binet, inventor of the modern IQ test, and Max

Dessoir wrote about the ways in which magicians used suggestion and misdirected attention to get their illusions to work. In 1896, Joseph Jastrow published articles in Science on the mechanics of some tricks by contemporary master magicians. But, aside from describing what the magicians were doing, they were at a loss to explain why magic tricks had the effects they did on the audience. As a result, interest in studying the psychology of magic faded for nearly a century.

But, as Wiseman says, a renaissance is now in full swing.

Magic is all about convincing others that the impossible has just happened. And that deception is achieved with a high degree of skill and showmanship.

"We're starting to realise that magicians have a lot of implicit knowledge about how we perceive the world around us because they have to deceive us in terms of controlling attention, exploiting the assumptions we make when we do and don't notice a change in our environment," says Wiseman. "There is an enormous amount of really detailed instruction on how to perform magic. People are always blown away by how detailed a description you'll have."

A card trick that lasts four or five minutes, for example, might have 20 pages of detailed text to describe exactly where to look, what to say, what to do and so on. And a lot of the understanding of a trick has to be from the perspective of the audience.

While the magician's dexterity is important, the audience is also a vital participant in the deception. After all, it is in their minds that the illusion is created. "Magicians seem to be able to carry out secret actions in front of their audience without being spotted. I'm interested in why people don't perceive those actions," says Gustav Kuhn, a psychologist at Durham University.

A simple example of misdirection is used in the coin drop trick. "What you're doing there is pretending to take the coin from one hand to the other but, in fact, leaving it in the original hand," says Wiseman. "What's important is that you're looking where you want the audience to look. You're not looking at the coin, you're looking at the empty hand. In terms of movement, you're moving the hand that doesn't contain the coin to attract people's attention over to that hand."

Another trick, where a magician pretends to throw a ball up in the air, takes the misdirection a step further. "People often experience the ball moving up in the

air even though there is no ball present," says Kuhn. They claim to see a ball moving but obviously it's not there so it must be in their mind."

Psychologists can use these tricks to catch a glimpse into how our minds interpret the world around us.

"Magicians are manipulating your consciousness. They are showing you something impossible," says Wiseman. "They're getting you to construct a narrative, which simply isn't true. So that means they know how to make you aware of certain things and blind to other things. What I'm hoping is that magic, this entertainment vehicle that has been around for a long time, will give us a real insight into the deep mysteries of consciousness."

Our brains filter out a huge amount of the mass of sensory input flooding in from our environment. Kuhn explains that we see what we expect to see and what our brains are interested in. "Our visual representation of the world is much more impoverished than we would assume. People can be looking at something without being aware of it. Perception doesn't just involve looking at an object but attending to it."

In Kuhn's recent work, he performed a trick where a cigarette seems to disappear. It involved no sleight of hand or secret. It was a simple case of dropping the cigarette into his lap. "It happens right in front of the spectator's eyes but I misdirect their attention away from the cigarette," says Kuhn.

While his spectators watched, they wore eye trackers (essentially a couple of cameras that monitor eye movement and provide an exact location of where a person is looking in a scene).

It is known that we only receive high-quality information from the area we are fixated on, right in the centre of our field of view. If you stretch out your arm, it is about two thumbs' width at the centre of your vision - everything else is pretty much blurred. The way we compensate for this is to move our eyes around to fill in the gaps and create a better picture of the world around us.

Kuhn's results, to be published in the journal Perception in the next few months, showed that simply staring at the location of the deception was not enough for people to discover how the trick happened.

"People could be looking very close to where the cigarette was being dropped without even seeing it," he says. "Other people were looking quite far away but they did actually did spot the cigarette."

"What it shows is just how much of the picture in our head of our surroundings is a massive construction, based on expectations, what we think is important, what we normally encounter and so on," says Wiseman. "And that's what magicians are very good at exploiting."

Misdirection of an audience, therefore, depends on more than just making people look the wrong way - the truly successful magician misdirects attention. Often, attention is focused on where a person is looking, but this can be manipulated. "You might be looking at a scene and then you hear a voice from the back so your attention is moved towards the back and your processing of visual information will be impaired at the front," says Kuhn.

Verbal suggestion can also play a big role in misdirection. In a recent study, Wiseman looked at how the classic metal-bending tricks, employed by magicians the world over and perhaps made most famous by Uri Geller, used verbal cues. In his experiment, he showed a group of students a video of a trick where a magician bends a key, apparently using his psychokinetic ability (in fact, the bending was done by sleight of hand). The magician then placed the key on a table and the video ended with a static shot of the bent key, which did not bend any further. But a voiceover from the magician at this stage suggested that the key was indeed continuing to bend.

The results, published this year in the British Journal of Psychology, showed that 40% of people claimed to see the key continuing to bend during the static shot at the end of the video. In the control group, where there was no voiceover from the magician, only 5% reported that they saw the key continuing to bend.

Of course, suggestion can take other forms.

"With the ball experiment, we discovered that people aren't just looking up at the ball, they're looking at facial clues to judge where the ball is going to end up," says Kuhn. "If the magician doesn't look up in the air, the trick doesn't work. People feel that they're watching the ball but what they are doing is monitoring the magician's face and cues and using that information to guide their eye movements."

This leads to an interesting idea -could some people be immune to some of the effects of magic? People who suffer from autism, for example, tend to have difficulties gauging facial cues, so their attention is less influenced by where

somebody is looking. "You'd expect that somebody who suffered from autism would be more likely to spot the cigarette trick," agrees Kuhn.

The next step is to look at the brain directly. Working with psychologists Tim Hodson and Ben Parris at Exeter University's Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Kuhn plans to put people in functional magnetic resonance imaging machines to study which parts of the brain activate when they watch magic tricks.

"We're very interested in the part of the brain that detects cause and effect relations," says Parris.

In particular, the experiments will monitor the dorsal lateral pre-frontal cortex, which is known to be the bit of the brain that registers surprise, and the anterior cingulate, which is activated whenever something incongruous happens in our immediate environment.

Of course, magic is more than just surprise, so the researchers will be looking for something more. "When you're watching magic, there is just a split second when you're in disbelief and that's what we're looking for, that exact moment," he says. "The magic spot."

"No one's done this and it's unclear whether it'll be a single part of the brain or a network," says Parris.

But while psychologists slowly get to grips with the way magicians manage to trick our brains, is there not a risk that the magic will lose its power? That it will cease to be amazing? Wiseman thinks not. "What we get is a more informed audience," he says. "It's a little bit like juggling - you appreciate the juggler more once you've tried to juggle three balls and then you suddenly realise how hard it is to juggle seven."

The research will have benefits for the practitioners of magic, too. "What they will realise is that the human mind is a lot more fallible than we magicians expect," says Kuhn. "Maybe magicians are too careful in the way they conceal their secrets in front of an audience. They can probably get away with quite a bit more."

基础综合英语_1-5单元课后翻译

作文翻译 Unit 1 李明是学化学的，性格开朗幽默，颇有魅力，但英语成绩不佳，每次只能勉强及格。老师警告他，英语不好会阻碍他拿奖学金，并亮出了自己的王牌：如果李明不努力，就让他考试不过关。老师还告诉他，学习英语不能只为了文凭，否则他即使大学毕业，也还是个半文盲。李明虽然保持镇定，但他明白，他的学业生涯正在攸关之际，必须安心下来埋头学习，坚持不懈。 Li Ming was a chemistry major, a charmer noted for his easygoing and humorous temperament. However, his English was so poor that he always barely got by. The teacher admonished him that his poor English would be an impediment to scholarship. What’s more, she showed her trump card: if Li Ming did not work hard. She would flunk him. He was also told that he should not learn English merely for the sake of his diploma. otherwise, even after graduation from university, he would still be semiliterate. Although Li Ming did not lose his composure, he was well aware that he had to settle down to work and follow through because his academic life was at stake. Unit2 我的朋友琳达接受过良好的教育，既美丽又端庄，三十好几依然没有人向她求婚。究其原因，她的事业心极强，整日扑在工作上，每天来往于住处和公司之间，根本没有时间和异性交往。一想到女儿这么大了还单身一人，她父母就焦虑不安。他们不知道该如何是好，甚至还去咨询一些社会学专家。 但是事情在上个月出现了转机，公司的总部调琳达到培训部。在新的工作岗位上，琳达遇到了第一个触动她心弦的男人。从此，他们几乎每天约会，琳达意识到她会不顾一切地爱这个男人。决定嫁人的时候，她告诉了我这个好消息。 虽然琳达的爱情让人想起电影中才会有的浪漫故事，我也担忧未来究竟会怎样，但我还是表达了我由衷的祝福，并爽快答应在婚礼那天做他们的伴娘和伴郎随从中的一员。 Linda, my good friend, has received good education and is both beautiful and elegant. She was not proposed to even when she was well over thirty. The reason is that she, as a career –oriented woman, is devoted to her work. Navigating between home and the company, she had hardly any time to socialize with people of the opposite sex. Her parents were gripped by anxiety at the thought of their daughter still remaining single at such an age. They did not know what to do and even consulted with some sociologists. But the situation began to change last month, when the headquarters of the company transferred Linda to the training department. On the new post, Linda met a man who tugged on her heartstrings for the first time. Ever since then, they dated virtually on a daily basis, and Linda realized that she would love the man beyond all reason. When she decided to take the matrimonial plunge, she informed me. Though Linda’s love is reminiscent of the romance that we see only in movies and I don’t know what the future will hold for her, I give her my heart-felt wishes and agree readily to be a member of the entourage of bridesmaids and groomsmen. Unit 3 食品供应商缺乏诚信已经成为当今社会的一大问题。部分企业欺骗公众，故意散布假消息，颂扬食品添加剂是食品工业的伟大成就，并声称适量的添加剂对健康有益无害。部分有良知的科学家对食品添加剂的含量和毒性展开了深入的病理学研究。研究结果表明，部分常见的食品添加剂经长期，可能会对健康产生危害，这被认为是食品安全研究方面极为重要的

综合英语(第三册)

Unit 1 1.My plan was to keep my ears open and my mouth shut and hope no one would notice I was a freshman. 1 我打算多听少说，希望没人注意到我是一个新生。 2.Popularity was not so important: running with the crowd was no longer a law of survival. 11 是否受欢迎并不是那么重要，随波逐流也不再是大学里的生存法则。 3.This was my big chance to do my own thing, be my own woman — if I could get past my preoccupation with doing everything perfectly. 11 只要不再奢求每一件事情都要做得完美，我就可以在大学做自己想做的事情，成为真正的自己。 Unit 3 1.Food to my countrymen is one of the ecstasies of life, to be thought about in advance; to be smothered with loving care throughout its preparation; and to have time lavished on it in the final pleasure of eating. 3 对于我国国人来说，食物是生活中最大的乐事之一，它需要提前考虑，在准备的过程中要充满爱意和细心，在最后的享用阶段要花费大量时间。

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Section Four Consolidation Activities I. Vocabulary 1. Word Derivation 1) widow n.→ widowed a. ①她守寡十年了。 She has been a widow for ten years. ②一个寡母要抚养四个孩子长大成人确实不易。 It’s really not easy for a widowed mother to rear up four children. 2)nerve n.→ nervous a.→ nerveless a. ①当赛车手要有胆量。 It takes nerve to be a racing driver. ②她胆怯地一笑。 She gave a nervous laugh. ③刀子从她那无力的手中落下。 The knife fell from her nerveless fingers. 3)precise a.→precision n. → precisely adv. ①那东西正好在她遗落的那个地点找到了。 It was found at the precise spot where she had left it. ②你的报告不够准确。 Y our report lacks precision. ③那正是我的意思。 That is precisely what I mean. 4)compete v.→ competitive a.→ competition n. ①几家公司正为争取一项合同而互相竞争。 Several companies are competing (against/with each other) for the contract/to gain the contract. ②我们公司在世界市场上已不占优势。 Our firm is no longer competitive in world markets. ③他获诗歌比赛第一名。 He came first in the poetry competition. 5)execute v.→ execution n. ①他因叛国罪被处死。 He was executed for treason. ②这些计划最终得以实施。 The plans were finally put into execution. 6) preside v.→ president n.→ presidency n. ①首相主持内阁会议。 The Prime Minister presides at meetings of the Cabinet. ②他被任命为板球俱乐部会长。 He was made president of the cricket club.

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新标准综合英语第三册答案 Unit 1 Active reading(1) 3 1.(b) 2. (c) 3. (c) 4. (d) 5. (c) 6.(a) .resistance 4.ambitious 6.script 7. impressive (1)attendance (2)ambitious (3)productive(4)impressive (5)resistance (6) script (7) acceptance 1.mortgage 2.deck 4.costal; 1.(b) 2. (a) 3. (b) 4. (b) 5. (b) 6. (a) 7. (b) 8. (b) Active reading (2) (1)triple (2)cemetery (3)rear(4)biography(5)cram (6)budding(7)finite (8) elapse ; cemetery ; ; biography 1. (a) 2. (b) 3. (a) 4. (a) 5. (b) 6. (b) 7. (a) 8. (a)

1. (a) 2. (b) 3. (b) 4. (a) 5. (a) 6. (b) 7. (b) 8. (b) 9.(a) Language in use late-night party 2. a well-stocked library 3. a world-famous professor 4. some well-timed advice 5. rapidly-growing population 6. a free-market economy 7. a half-hour boat trip ’s how we behave that determines what other people think of us. ’s what our character is that usually determines what sort of job we are going to end up doing. isn’t always what marks weget at university that determine what we do as a career. is often what we experienced in our childhood that determines how we react to life’s problems. ’s what our genetic clock is and what changes we make to it that determine when we die. wasn’t just that the shops were all closed for Thanksgiving, but there was no one in the street. wasn’t just that she spent all her time at college going to parties, but she took the time to gain a first-class degree. wasn’t just thatthey weren’t listening to what he said, butit seemed as if they weren't at all interested. wasn’t just thatI was upset，but I felt as if I was gomg to burst out

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UNIT 7 PASSAGE ONE Ex. 5 Translate the following sentences into English, using the words or phrases given in the brackets. 1.They attempted to leave for camping but were stopped by the heavy snow. 2.Accidents due to driving too fast are on the increase. 3.They grew up in the same environment, so their behaviors had much in common. 4.In contrast to children in the mountainous areas, we are lucky to have access to computers. 5.We were bored to hear her dwelling too much on her past glories. 6.You must have the appetite to succeed and work hard for it. Ex. 6 Pay attention to the italicized parts in the English sentences and translate the Chinese sentences by simulating the structure of the English sentences. 1. The answer may lie in the fact that there are large numbers of graduates in this field. The root of their poverty lies in the fact that they have received little education. 2.Not all wealthy people live a happy life. Not all students attended the lecture 3. It must be appreciated that there are a lot of difficulties on your way to success. It must be appreciated that your dress can be changed, whereas your disposition is inborn. 4. Whatever the difference is, there is one factor in common--- they shared the same belief. Whatever the difference is, there is one factor in common---they come from the same background. 5. There is a misconception that boys are cleverer than girls in most respects. There is a misconception that a blind person cannot make a drawing. PASSAGE TWO Ex. 9 Translate the following sentences into English, using the words or phrases given in the brackets. 1.Every graduate student is required to attend four lectures every term. 2.The construction of the largest bridge in Asia across a river is in progress. 3.The outstanding writer has won the Nobel Price for this year. 4.He worked hard and ranked first in his class. 5.An advisory council has been established for innovating the education system. 6.Scientists have made great contributions to the progress if human beings. 7.All passengers are required to show their tickets. GENERAL WRITING 6. Translate the following sentences into English. 1.As can be seen from the graph, smokers are getting younger and younger.

研究生基础综合英语unit1-8课后习题汉翻英.

翻译 Unit 1 李明是学化学的，性格开朗幽默，颇有魅力，但英语成绩不佳，每次只能勉强及格。老师警告他，英语不好会阻碍他拿奖学金，并亮出了自己的王牌：如果李明不努力，就让他考试不过关。老师还告诉他，学习英语不能只为了文凭，否则他即使大学毕业，也还是个半文盲。李明虽然保持镇定，但他明白，他的学业生涯正在攸关之际，必须安心下来埋头学习，坚持不懈。 Li Ming was a chemistry major, a charmer noted for his easygoing and humorous temperament . However, his English was so poor that he always barely got by. The teacher admonished him that his poor English would be an impediment to scholarship. What’s more, she showed her trump card: if Li Ming did not work hard. She would flunk him. He was also to ld that he should not learn English merely for the sake of his diploma. otherwise, even after graduation from university, he would still be semiliterate. Although Li Ming did not lose his composure, he was well aware that he had to settle down to work and follow t hrough because his academic life was at stake. Unit2 我的朋友琳达接受过良好的教育，既美丽又端庄，三十好几依然没有人向她求婚。究其原因，她的事业心极强，整日扑在工作上，每天来往于住处和公司之间，根本没有时间和异性交往。一想到女儿这么大了还单身一人，她父母就焦虑不安。他们不知道该如何是好，甚至还去咨询一些社会学专家。但是事情在上个月出现了转机，公司的总部调琳达到培训部。在新的工作岗位上，琳达遇到了第一个触动她心弦的男人。从此，他们几乎每天约会，琳达意识到她会不顾一切地爱这个男人。决定嫁人的时候，她告诉了我这个好消息。虽然琳达的爱情让人想起电影中才会有的浪漫故事，我也担忧未来究竟会怎样，但我还是表达了我由衷的祝福，并爽快答应在婚礼那天做他们的伴娘和伴郎随从中的一员。 Linda, my good friend, has received good education and is both beautiful and elegant. She was not proposed to even when she was well over thirty. The reason is that she, as a career -oriented woman, is devoted to her work. Navigating between home and the company, she had hardly any time to socialize with people of the opposite sex. Her parents were gripped by anxiety at the thought of their daughter still remaining single at such an age. They did not know what to do and even consulted with some sociologists. But the situation began to change last month, when the headquarters of the company transferred Linda to the training department. On the new post, Linda met a man who tugged on her heartstrings for the first time. Ever since then, they dated virtually on a daily basis, and Linda realized that she would love the man beyond all reason. When she decided to take the matrimonial plunge, she informed me.Though Linda’s love is reminiscent of the romance that we see only in movies and I don’t know what the future will hold for her, I give her my heart-felt wishes and agree readily to be a member of the entourage of bridesmaids and groomsmen. Unit3食品供应商缺乏诚信已经成为当今社会的一大问题。部分企业欺骗公众，故意散布假消息，颂扬食品添加剂是食品工业的伟大成就，并声称适量的添加剂对健康有益无害。部分有良知的科学家对食品添加剂的含量和毒性展开了深入的病理学研究。研究结果表明，部分常见的食品添加剂经长期，可能会对健康产生危害，这被认为是食品安全研究方面极为重要

大学英语综合教程第三册

大学综合教程中的好东西（3） 一：the weak can never forgive.forgiveness is the attribute of the strong. 二．harmony makes small things grow,lack of it makes great things decay. 三．a wise man will make haste to forgive,because he knows the true value of time,and will not suffer it to pass away in unnecessary pain. 四：the purpose of life is a life of purpose 五：we make a living by what we get,we make a life by what we give 六：live as you were to die tomorrow,learn as if you were to live forever 七：a man who dares to waste one hour of time has not not discovered the value of life. 八：always bear in mind that your own resolution to succeed is more important than any one thing.九：success usually comes to those who are too busy to be looking for it. 十：self-trust is the first secret of success 十一：success is the ability to go from failure to failure without losing your enthusiasm. 十二：try not to become a man of success but rather to become a man of value. 十三：laughter is the sun that drives winter from the human face. 十四：what seems to us as bitter trials are often blessings in disguise. 十五：a pessimist sees the difficulty in every opportunity,an optimist sees the opportunity in every difficulty. 十六：optimism is the faith that leads to achievement,nothing can be done without hope and confidence. 十七：character,in the long run,is the decisive factor in the life of an individual and of nations alike.十八：we must remember that intelligence is not enough,intelligence plus character -that is the true goal of education. 十九：trust men and they will be true to you,treat them greatly,and they will show themselves great.二十：honesty is the first chapter of the book of wisdom. 二十一：every child is an artist,the problem is how to remain an artist once he grows up. 二十二：the world is but a canvas to the imagination. 二十三：happiness is not in the mere possession of money,it lies in the joy of achievement,in the thrill of creative effort. 二十四：imagination is the beginning of creation,you imagine what you desire,you will what you imagine and at last you create what you will 二十五：many hands make light work. 二十六：if everyone is moving forward together,the success takes care of itself. 二十七：talent wins games,but teamwork and intelligence win championships. 二十八：a great person attracts great people and knows how to hold them together 二十九：smooth seas do not make skillful sailors. 三十：when it is dark enough,you can see the stars. 三十一：adversity is the first path to truth. 三十二：if we had no winter,the spring would not be so pleasant,if we did not sometimes taste of adversity,prosperity would not be so welcome 谭礼斌 Shaanxi university of science and technology

全新版大学英语综合教程第三册教案-Unit-2

Unit 2Civil Right Heroes Ⅰ. Teaching Plan & Students will be able to: 1.understand the main idea (early civil-rights struggles in the US, esp. the Underground Railroad); 2.learn to use library resources and other resources for information; 3.grasp the key language points and grammatical structures in the text; 4.[ 5.conduct a series of reading, listening, speaking and writing activities related to the theme of the unit. Principles: stimulating, motivating, facilitating, enabling Task–based:reading, writing, discussing, practicing, commenting, criticizing, evaluating, recreating, investigating, searching for resources, case studying, presenting and demonstrating, deducting, inducting, etc. < 1. T asks Ss the following questions on the recording: (5 minutes)

新编实用英语3(第二版)课后答案

Unit 1. Ex. 5 1.She shopped around till she got what she wanted at a price she could afford. 她一家商店一家商店地看，最后以她能付出的价格买了她所需要的东西。 2.He never speaks to me other than to ask for something. 除了向我要东西，他从不跟我说话。 3.Y ou should always aim at doing your job well. 你永远应该以搞好你的工作为目的。 4.She has been tied to the house for weeks looking after her invalid father. 几个星期来她一直呆在家中照顾有病的父亲。 5.The route was designed to relieve traffic congestion. 修建这条路是为了缓解交通拥挤。 6.Society is made up of a wide variety of people; some are good, others (are) bad, and still others (are) in between. 社会是由形形色色的人组成的。有些人很好，有些人很坏，也有些人介乎两者之间。 Unit 3 Ex. 5 1.The thieves made off with a large sum of money from the bank. 盗贼从这家银行偷走了一大笔现金。 2.High blood pressure places millions of people at the risk of hear disease. 高血压使千百万人有患心脏病的危险。 3.Think twice before you make any important decisions. 在做任何重要决定之前都要慎重考虑。 4. A large part of the African continent is in danger of becoming a desert. 非洲大陆的一大片区域有变成沙漠的危险。 5.Not once has he suggested a good way to deal with any problem. 他从来没有给我提出过解决问题的好方法。 Unit 5 Ex.5 https://www.sodocs.net/doc/b314280435.html,st semester, Wang Gang was awarded the title of An Outstanding Student for his excellent performance. 上学期王钢表现出色，被授予优秀学生的称号。 2.On Teachers’Day, the students made a greeting card for their teacher, which symbolized their appreciation of what the teacher had accomplished in the past year. 同学们在教师节给老师做了一张贺卡，以表示对老师过去一年工作的感谢。3.The children were amused by the story about the cat. 孩子们听了关于那只猫的故事都笑了起来。

研究生-基础综合英语-单词整理

Unit1 1.semiliterate:a.semi-educated;having only an elementary level of reading and writing ability半文盲的，有初等文化的semi-:half or partly 2.dropout:n.a personwho leavesschool before finishing a course（尤指中学的）退学学生 3.do-gooder:n.sb.who does things that they think will help other people,although the other people might not find their actions helpful一个总是试着帮助别人的人（通常是贬义）；不实际的社会改革家（指幼稚的理想主义者，支持善心或博爱的事件的改革者） 4.impediment:n.obstacles,barriers妨碍，阻止，阻碍，阻挡 5.trump card:anything decisiveheld in reservefor useat a critical time王牌 6.charmer:n.a personwho hasgood qualities that make you like him/her讨人喜欢的人，有魅力的人，有迷惑力的人（尤指迷人的女人） 7.get by:to be able to deal with a situation with difficulty,usually by having just enoughof sth.you need,suchas money过得去 8.settledown:to becomequiet and calm（使）安静下来；平息 9.flunk:v.to fail an exam or courseof study不及格 https://www.sodocs.net/doc/b314280435.html,posure:n.calmnessandcontrol平静；镇静；沉着 11.parade:n.a seriesof peopleor things that appearone after the other 12.at stake:to be won or lost;risked受到威胁，面临危险 13.sail:v.to move quickly and effortlessly投入 14.testimony:n.spokenor written statementthat sth.is true证词，证明 15.conspiracy:n.act of joint planning of a crime阴谋，共谋 16.doom:v.to makesb.or sth.certain to do or experiencesth.unpleasant注定 17.follow through:to continue a stroke,motion,plan,or reasoningthrough to the end 将动作、计划等进行到底 18.I flunked my secondyearexamsandwas lucky not to be thrown out of college. 19.The managementdid not seemto consideroffice safetyto be a priority. 20.Thousandsof lives will be at stake if emergency aid does not arrive in the city soon. 21.I think therewas a conspiracy to keep me out of the committee. Unit2 1.propose:v.[to sb.]to aska personto marry one提亲；求婚 2.knockoff:n.a copy or reproduction of a designetc.esp.one madeillegally假货；赝品 3.Windex:v.to clean with a kind of detergentby the brand of Windex用Windex牌清洁剂清洗 4.takethe plunge:to take a decisive first step,commit oneself irrevocably to a course of action冒险尝试 5.bridesmaid:n.a girl or unmarried woman attending the bride at a wedding女傧相；伴娘 6.maid of honor:a principal bridesmaid女傧相

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Unit 9 Chinese Food Text comprehension I. B II. TTTFT III. omitted IV. 1. Food to us Chinese is one of the greatest joys in life: it is thought about before being prepared; it is treated with lots of love and care while being prepared; and when it is ready, a great deal of time is devoted to enjoying it. 2. The main reason for the sudden and tremendous popularity of chinese food throughout the whole Western world lies in two facts: One is the increased desire for sensual pleasures (which is abundant in Chinese food) and freedom from age-old customs in the West; the other is the notion of physical pleasure provided by Chinese food, which is always ready to satisfy the taste of the eater. Vocabulary I. 1 emotional strength to do what one believes to be right. 2 material used to produce power; something used to keep the body functioning 3 lower-class type 4 a number of dishes that are served one after another in an orderly way 5. by themselves II. 1 fastidious; 2 ecstasies; 3 lavish; 4 elusive; 5 phenomenal; 6 proceeding; 7 enterprise; 8 contrived III. 1 disregard; 2 authoritative; 3 ubiquity; 4 desirable; 5 piquancy; 6 ceremonially 7. gluttonous; 8 derivation IV. 1 come off; 2 conform to; 3 derives/derived... from; 4 attend to; 5 sprung up; 6 came about; 7 proceed with; 8 lavishing...on V. 1. distantly (indifferently) 2. epicure 3. fundamental (primary, principal) 4. produce (make) 5. affirm (state) 6. mix (intermingle, combine) 7. change (modify, adjust) 8. provocative (sharp, pungent) VI. 1 explains; 2 accidentally found; 3 discuss with; 4 start; 5 played a prominent role in 6 think about it carefully 7 consumed part of; 8 interrupting