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北外高翻学院英译汉真题

北外高翻学院英译汉真题
北外高翻学院英译汉真题

北外高翻学院英译汉真题(一)

Nevertheless, instead of expanding north, the Japanese moved south. By 1937, the conflict had spread to all of eastern China and the war had begun in earnest. Anti-Japanese feeling was exacerbate d by the attack by the Japanese on Chinese soldiers and civilians at the Marco Polo Bridge, next to which was a vital railway line, in July 1937. Because of its strategic importance (it was only ten miles west of Beijing), Japanese troops in northern China had been conducting manoeuvre s in the area. However, on 7 July 1937, after a Japanese night manoeuvre during which the Chinese had fired some shell s, a Japanese soldier went missing. In retaliation, the Japanese attacked and war commence d. This may rightly be designate d the first battle of the Second World War.

1.Nevertheless .[,nev?e?'les] conj. 尽管如

此, 然而

2.in earnest 认真地,诚挚地

3.exacerbate [?g'z?s?,be?t] vt. 使恶化;使

加重

4.the Marco Polo Bridge 卢沟桥

5.manoeuvre .[m?'nu:v?] n. 演习

6.shell 炮弹

7.retaliation 报复

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/b33431806.html,mence .[k?'mens] vt/vi. 〈正〉开始

9.designate .['deziɡneit]vt. 指派, 委任

尽管如此,日本人没有选择在中国北方扩张,而是转而南下。到1937年,冲突已经扩大到整个华东地区,战争开始升级。1937年7月,日军在卢沟桥(紧靠一条重要铁路线)袭击了中国士兵和平民,进一步加剧了中国的反日情绪。由于卢沟桥战略意义重大(位于北京西面,距北京仅有十英里),驻防中国华北的日军此前一直在这一地带进行军事演习。1937年7月7日,日军举行晚间演习。在演习中,中国军队发射了炮弹。之后,一名日本士兵失踪。为了报复,日军袭击中国驻军,中日战争爆发。这次战斗应该认定为二次世界大战的第一次战役。

By the end of July, Japanese soldiers had not only seized the bridge but taken control of the entire Tientsin–Peking region. The speed with which Japanese troops conquered parts of China was astounding. By 1938, Canton had ‘fallen’ and, despite notable military victories, including one in the town of Taierzhuang in southern Shantung, where 30,000 Japanese soldiers were killed by Nationalist Chinese troops, the Chinese were at a distinct disadvantage. The Japanese military was vastly superior. As late as 1940, China had only 150 military aircraft compared with the Japanese total of over 1,000. By the end of 1939, the whole of the north-eastern quarter of China was under Japanese occupation. Still, the Chinese did not surrender, forcing Japan to move still further inland, lengthening supply route s and stretching manpower to absolute limits. What followed was a war of attrition. (268 words)

1.astounding [?s'taundi?] adj. 使人震惊的

2.Tientsin .['tjen'tsin] n 天津

3.Canton .['k?n't?n] 广州(旧称)

4.distinct disadvantage 明显劣势

5.force Japan to move still further inland 深入中国内地

6.lengthen supply routes延长补给线

7.stretching manpower to absolute limits兵力部署也达到极限

8.attrition .[?'tr???n] n. 消耗;消磨, 磨损

到了七月底,日军不仅占领了卢沟桥,还控制了整个京津地区。日军侵华的推进速度令人震惊。1938年,广州沦陷。其间,中国军队取得了一些重大军事胜利,包括中国国民党军队在山东南部的台儿庄击毙了三万名日军,但中国军队还是处于明显劣势。日军的装备也比中国军队精良许多。即使到了1940年,中国的军用飞机也只有150架,远远低于日本的1,000余架。到1939年底,中国整个东北地区都被日军占领。尽管如此,中国人并没有屈服,日本人不得不继续深入中国内地,延长补给线,兵力部署也达到极限。接下来的中日战争变成了一场消耗战。

北外高翻学院英译汉真题(二) Outside Europe, the most important powers in 1939 were undoubtedly Japan and the United States. Japan was at the time already deeply involved in hostilities with China. After seizing the northern provinces of that country in 1931 and organizing them into the puppet state of Manchukuo, Japan had tried to protect its rich loot and to expand its influence in China by a series of interventions, particularly in the rest of northern China. These steps had not surprisingly produced a rising tide of anti-Japanese sentiments in China, which in turn led the Japanese to embroil themselves even more deeply into Chinese affairs. When this tendency to interfere in China was combined with a degree of internal confusion and incoherence within the Japanese government that made the Chinese warlords of the time look well organized, new trouble was almost certain to follow. (141 words)

1.hostility .[h?s'tiliti] 战争行动, 战斗

2.puppet .['p?pit] 木偶, 玩偶,傀儡

3.loot 战利品,掠夺物

4.embroil .[em'br??l] 使(自己或他人)卷入纠纷

1939年欧洲之外,世界最重要的国家毫无疑问是日本和美国。那时日本已经深深陷入与中国人民的战争之中。1931年,日本占领了中国北方数省,并在此基础上建立了满洲国傀儡政权。此后,日本在中国不断挑起事端,特别是侵犯东三省外的其他北方各省,以巩固其侵占的地区,扩大在华的影响。日本的这些行为自然导致中国国内反日情绪日益高涨,而这种情绪又反过来使得日本进一步卷入中国事务。在日本逐步扩大侵华行动的同时,其国内局势出现了一定程度的混乱,政府内部意见不一,这使得中国军阀政权相形之下显得组织有序。在这一背景下,中日之间新的冲突几乎在所难免。

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