口译笔记符号大汇总
一 . 地名简写
原词速记符号原词速记符号Korea K Sweden SD Switzerland SW 东西南北中等方位“|-”
the Republic of ROK the Democratic DPRK
Korea(南朝鲜 ) “K ”People ’ s Republic of
_ “K”
Korea(北朝鲜)
Eastern Germany (东“ G| ”Western Europe(西“ |EU ”
德) 欧)
二 . 货币简写
原词速记符号原词速记符号Sterling/pound £US dollar $
Renminbi/RMB ¥Australian dollars #A
Austrian schillings Sch Canadian dollars Can$ Eurodollar ? New Zealand dollars NZ$ Japanese yen 円
三.时间简写
原词速记符号原词速记符号hour hr minute ’
second ’’morning m afternoon a evening/night/tonight n
today d yesterday .d
the day before yesterday ”d tomorrow d’
the day after tomorrow d’ ’day by day/everyday dd
last night ’n next morning m’
this week w the week before last ”w Monday 1w Tuesday 2w Wednesday 3w Thursday 4w
Friday 5w Saturday 6w
Sunday 7w this month m
January 1m February 2m
March 3m April 4m
May 5m June 6m
July 7m August 8m September 9m October 10m November 11m December 12dm
two month ago .2m this year y
two year later y2. 1949 年前/49
1949 年后49/ 1949 年底49
20 年以后20y| century C
since/ever since ┠uo to now/ until ┫
四.度量衡
原词速记符号原词速记符号meter m inch in. centimeter cm foot ft
minimeter mm knot kt
mile mi acre A
nautical mile nm
五 . 缩略词
原词速记符号原词速记符号Apartment APT Accountant ACC According ACDG Accept ACPT Advertisement AD Address ADS aircraft AC at least AL
Advice ADV Approve APV
as soon as possible ASAP As much/many as possible AMAP
are R Amount AMT
Building BLDG Balance BAL Cancel CNCL Conference CNF carbon copy cc care of c/o Conform CFM Commission CMI Complete CMP Concern/concerning/concerned CONC Condition COND Communication CMU Compete/competitive CMPE Certificate CERT Company CO. Departure DPT Discount DISC Department DEPT Extent EXT Exchange EXCH Explain EXPLN Extra large XL Final FNT Flight FLT For your reference FYR Freight FRT Guarantee GUAR Good GD Home office H.O. Interested INTST Information INFO important IMP
I owe you IOU In stead of I/O
In view of IVO Include IINCD insurance INS Impossible IMPS Individual INDIV Minimum MIN Market MKT Manufacture MANUF Message MSG manager MGR Model MDL Memorandum MEMO No later than NLT Necessary NCRY Ordinary ORD Observe OBS Obtain OBT Product PROD Patent PAT Packing PKG Please PLS People PL Piece PC Position POSN
Possible POSS(BL) Quantity QUTY
Quality QLTY room RM
Regular REGL Representative REP
Reservation RESN Repeat RPT
Responsible RESPON receive RCV
Reference REF Situation SITN
Standard STD Section SEC
Though THO TGM Telegraph
Thanks TKS Telephone TEL
Trade TRD through THRU
Temporary TEMP Traffic TRF
Total TTL You U
Your UR Will WL
Week WK Weight WT
六.较长单词的处理办法
词尾缩写原词速记符号
-ism m socialism Sm
-tion n standardization ( 标准化 ) stdn
-cian o technician techo
-ing g marketing ( 市场营销 ) MKTg
-ed d accepted acptd
-able/ible/ble bl available avbl
-ment mt amendment amdmt
-ize z recognize regz
-ful fl meaningful mnfl 七.字母、图像、符号
原词速记符号原词速记符号people/person 人o右上角Janpanese日本人JPoGovernment/govern C 政府Governmental official CZ
Politics/political P 政治politician PZ
Efficient/effective G 效率inflation Q 通货膨胀victory,/win/success V 胜利Leader/head T 领导人agriculture/agriculture A 农业business B 商业
conflict/confrontation C×冲突 /矛盾work/employ W 工作 /职业industry/industrial i 工业treaty/agreement U 合同 / 协议bilateral (双边的)U 内填入 2 trilateral ( 三边的 ) U 内填入 3 Unilateralism (单边主义)U 内填入 1 Multiple( 多边主义 ) U 内填入 m
谈判破裂U 上加一个“/ ”country/state/nation □国家 /民族 /领土Import 进口gO outport 出口Og
chair/ host/preside over Z 主持 /主办Chairman/host Z°主席、主持人contact, exchanges: ∞ 联系fishery ∞ 捕鱼业
head of government/ company CT
international/worldwide/ ○国际的 /世界的 /
global/universal 全球的
meeting/conference/negotiatio
as we all know/ as is known to all/as you have already heard of
pleasant/joyful/happy/excited indifferent/apathetic/unconcern/ don ’ t care much
go into/arrive at/give to/send
to/present to EO 听到 / 众所周
之
n/seminar/discussion/symposiu
m
J 开心 /高兴 /荣幸unsatisfied/discomfort/
/好现象angry/sad
O 漠不关心 / 无total/totally/entire/entirely/on
动于衷the whole/all in all/to sum up
g→到达 /传达
leadto/resultin/inthe
direction of
be/come from/return/receive
⊙会议 /开会
L生气 /难过 /悲伤 /
忧虑 /不满
∑总值 /总数
→导致 /引导
come/go back to/originate ← 追溯到 f ←自于
from
↗发射 / 投放市develop/strengthen/promote/
launch/open/start
场 / 发行
↑发展 /加强 /推进boost,/improve/enhance
up/upward/rise/increase/ ups and downs/twists and
h↑上升<< 波折arise/ascend turns/roller coaster
submit to↓ 屈服exchange/mutual
a match /rival/competitor/many/lots of/a great deal of/a
VS 手
counterpart/against good many of/plus
++/+2多的比n交流
+多 /加之 /加上 / 充
more most +3 多的最高
little/few/lack/in short of/be in about/around/or
-少 /减去 /除去≈ 大
shortage of/minus so/approximately
bigger/larger/greater/more > 大于 /多于 /好
less/smaller
< 小于 /少于 /差于 / than/better than 于 / 于劣于
superior to/surpass ∧ 高inferior to ∨ 低
among/within ( ) 在 ...之but yet however ∧ 折
cross out/eliminate / 否定 / 消除question/issue ?/疑惑 /
wonder/miracle/pay attesion to !惊 /特注意matchless/peerless 无
say/speak/talk/marks/ end/stop/halt/bring sth to a
announce/declare : //希望
standstill/stop
∥ 束
right/good/famous/well-known √ /正确 /好的wrong/incorrect/something
× /失 /坏bad/notorious/negative
stand up for/support/ agree with
Y 同意not agree/disagree N 不同意sb/certain/ affirmative
thought * 想法 /重要的 / important/best/outstanding/
☆ 重要的
秀的brilliant
 ̄在?的条件 / 情
very/extremely __ 程度under the circumstance
况下
means/that is to say/in other
= 即 /等于 /相当于≠不同 / 不等于 / 不words/the same as/be equal be different from
相当 /不是
to
/同等
and/together with/along
with/accompany/along & 和/与belong to ∈ 属于
with/further more
basis of/ perpendicular/ is
⊥ ? 的基
therefore/so/asaresult/ ∴所以 /果perpendicular to consequently
because/because of/due to ∵因 /由于 /多
hear/listen ○ 3 听
about @关于parallel //
water H2O for 4
to 2 without w/o
with w/ plus or minus ±
times x so on, etc, and so forth ···
divided by ÷circle, circumference ○
degree ℃ellipse 0
percent % diameter θ
per thousand ‰triangle, delta △
between |.| inside/ within/include/ among, ( ) maintaining peace and stability: ◎Empty O
as always/hold on,/persist/ insist ≡一直 /是 /一pressure/influence ⊥ ( 向下箭on )
On the other hand/or / 或者right angle ∟Representative/delegation/ △ocean/sea/river/lake/brook/ ∽ 江河湖海水delegation stream
hills/mountain ω山climb the mountain ω上加一点·山水之ω∕∽before/beyond/in front of ·|
above/on/over ~上加一点·below/beneath/under ~下加一点·table/desk/house/building/bed ︹桌 /凳 /床/ 楼/房在椅子上︹上加一短横在桌子下︹下加一短横look/ look after/ look into/ ⊙
investigate/witness
本主’四个代化4m
peace-keeping p 第三世界3w
Note-taking symbols and abbreviations for your reference:
Abbreviations in Note taking
Use only the abbreviations that fit your needs and that you will remember easily. A good idea is to introduce only a few abbreviations into your note taking at a time.
Symbols helpful in math -- these are commonly used in texts and references. S = sum
f = frequency
Leave out periods in standard abbreviations.
cf = compare
e.g. = example
dept = department
Use only the first syllable of a word.
pol = politics
dem = democracy
lib = liberal
cap = capitalism
Use entire first syllable and only 1st letter of 2nd syllable.
pres = presentation
subj = subject
ind = individual
cons = conservative
Eliminate final letters. Use just enough of the word to form. a recognizable abbreviation.
assoc = associate
biol = biology
info = information
ach = achievement
chem = chemistry
max = maximum
intro = introduction
conc = concentration
min = minimum
rep = repetition
Omit vowels, retain only enough consonants to give a recognizable skeleton of the word.
ppd = prepared
prblm = problem
estmt = estimate
bkgd = background
gvt = government
Use an apostrophe in place of letters.
am't = amount
cont'd = continued
gov't = government
educat'l = educational
Form. the plural of a symbol or abbreviated word by adding s.
chpts = chapters
egs = examples
fs = frequencies
intros = introductions
Use g to represent ing endings.
ckg = checking
estg = establishing
decrg = decreasing
exptg = experimenting
Spell out short words such as in, at, to, but, for, and key.
Abbreviations or symbols for short words will make the notes too dense with shorthand.
Leave out unimportant words.
Leave out the words a and the.
If a term, phrase, or name is written out in full during the lecture, substitute initials whenever the term, phrase, or name is used again. For example, Center for Aerospace Sciences becomes CAS thereafter.
use symbols for commonly recurring connective or transitional words.
&= and
w/ = with
w/o = without
vs = against
\ = therefore =
= is or equal
Use technical symbols where applicable.
zb = German, for example
ibid = Latin, the same work
o = degrees
H2O = water
More reference:
Use standard maths, accounting, and science symbols. Examples:
+ plus
// parallel
Use standard abbreviations and leave out full stops. Examples:
eg example
IT dept Information Technology department
UK United Kingdom
Use only the first syllable of a word. Examples:
mar marketing
cus customer
cli client
Use the entire first syllable and the first letter of the second syllable. Examples:
subj subject
budg budget
ind individual
To distinguish among various forms of the same word, use the first syllable of the word, an apostrophe, and the ending of the word. Examples: tech'gy technology
gen'ion generalisation
del'y delivery
Use just enough of the beginning of a word to form. a recognisable abbreviation. Examples:
assoc associated
ach achievement
info information
Omit vowels from the middle of words, retaining only enough consonants
to provide a recognisable skeleton of the word. Examples: bkgd background
mvmt movement
prblm problem
Form. the plural of a symbol or abbreviated word by adding 's.' Examples: custs customers
fs frequencies
/s ratios
Use 'g' to represent 'ing' endings. Examples:
decrg decreasing
ckg checking
estblg establishing
Spell out, rather than abbreviate short words. Examples:
in
but
as
key
Leave out unimportant verbs. Examples:
is
was
were
Leave out unnecessary articles. Examples:
a
an
the
If a term, phrase, or name is initially written out in full during the talk or meeting, initials can be substituted whenever the term, phrase, or name is used again. Example:
January Advertising Campaign Budget JACB
Use symbols for common connective or transition words. Examples:
@at
2 to
4 for &
and w/
with
w/o without
vs against
Create your own set of abbreviations and symbols. You may wish to develop separate sets of symbols and abbreviations for different courses or subjects. Other Symbols and Abbreviations
as a result of / consequences of <--->
resulting in --->
and / also +
equal to / same as =
following ff
most importantly *
less than <
greater than > especially esp/
一、缩略词
英语当中缩略词使用的频率很高,如IMP: important, ASAP: as soon as possible 。很显然如果能熟练掌握缩略词,会对考试大有裨益。
缩略词的写法一般为四种方式:
F拿掉所有元音
MKT: market
MGR: manager
MSG: message
STD: standard
RCV: receive
F保留前几个字母
INFO information
INS insurance
EXCH exchange
I owe you IOU
In stead of I/O
F保留开头和结尾个发音字母
WK week
RM room
PL people
F根据发音
R are
THO though
THRU through
高级口译听力常用英语缩略词表
缩略词原词
APT Apartment
ACC Accountant
ACDG According
ACPT Accept
AD Advertisement
ADS Address
ADV Advice
AMAP As much/many as possible AMT Amount
APV Approve
ASAP As soon as possible
BAL Balance
BLDG Building
CERT Certificate
CFM Conform
CNCL Cancel
CNF Conference
CMI Commission
CMP Complete
CMPE Compete/competitive
CMU Communication
CONC Concern/concerning/concerned COND Condition
CO. Company
DEPT Department
DISC Discount
DPT Departure
EXCH Exchange
EXPLN Explain
EXT Extent
FNT Final
FRT Freight
FYR For your reference GD Good
GUAR Guarantee
H.O. Home office INFO Information IMPS Impossible
IMP(T) Important INCD Include
INDIV Individual
INS Insurance
INTST Interested
I/O In stead of
IOU I owe you
IVO In view of MANUF Manufacture MDL Model
MEMO Memorandum MGR Manger
MIN Minimum
MKT Market
MSG Message
NCRY Necessary
NLT No later than OBS Observe
OBT Obtain
ORD Ordinary
PAT Patent
PC Piece
PKG Packing
PL People
PLS Please
POSN Position
POSS(BL) Possible PROD Product
QLTY Quality
QUTY Quantity
RCV Receive
REF Reference
REGL Regular
REP Representative RESN Reservation
RESPON Responsible
SEC Section
SITN Situation
STD Standard
TEL Telephone
TEMP Temporary
TGM Telegraph
THO Though
TKS Thanks
TRD Trade
TRF Traffic
TTL Total
U You UR
Your WK
Week WL
Will WT
Weight
XL Extra large
二、字母、图像
Z 表示" 人 "people/person ,因为 "Z"看上去像个人头,它通常被写在一个词或符号的右
上角。例如:日本人:JZ 。
C 表示政府,统治:government , govern 希腊字母 C 读 /ga:ma/, 近似government, 所以就用 C 来表示govern,
government 。 governmental official可以表示为CZ
P 表示政治: politics, political 希腊字母 P 读 /pai/, 近似 politics, political 。那么 politician 就可以表示为
PZ
E表示总数: total, totally, entire, entirely, on the whole, all in all, to sum up,
ect. E 数学符号表示总值。
G 表示效率:efficient, effective 。 G 为效率符号。
Q 表示 " 通货膨胀" : inflation 因为这个符号酷似一个上升的气球。
A 表示农业: agriculture. agriculture 经常用到,所以用首字母代替。
B 表示商业:business 。
C×表示冲突,矛盾: conflict , confrontation "C × " 中的 "× " 表示反对,字母"C" 将反对的概念缩小为conflict 和
confrontation 。
W 表示工作,职业: work, employ 等。它是 work 的第一个字母。所以WZ 就可以用来表示 worker, 而 W(Z 在字母上方表示 employer,
在字母下方表示 employee) 。
i 表示工业 : industry, industrial 字母 i 像只烟囱,所以用来可以用来表示工业。
U U 看酷似一个酒杯,在笔记中表示合同、协议(treaty,
agreement )一般只有在谈判成功、协议成交后才会表示" 举杯祝贺 " 。如果在U 内填入 2××××,就可以表示为bilateral (双边的),
填入 3 表示为 trilateral( 三边的 ) 。填入在 U 中填入 1 表示 : Unilateralism (单边主义),填入 m (multiple)
表示多边主义。如果在U 上加一个 "/" ××××表示谈判破裂。
O 表示 " 国家 " 、 " 民族 " 、 " 领土 " 等: country, state, nation, etc.gO 表示进口, Og 表示出口
这个符号酷似一把椅子,可以表示主持、主办:chair, host, preside over 。那么在此符号上
加 Z 表示主席,主持人:chairman, host,
etc.
T 表示 " 领导人" : leader, head 那么 head of government, head of company 便可以表示
为 CT
⊙圆圈表示一个圆桌,中间一点表示一盆花,这个符号就可以表示会议、开会等: meeting ,conference ,
negotiation , seminar , discussion , symposium
k 这个符号看上像条鱼,所以表示" 捕鱼业 " 等合 fishery 有关的词汇。
O 圆圈代表地球,横线表示赤道,所以这个符号就可以表示国际的、世界的、全球的等: international, worldwide, global,
universal, etc.
J 表示开心: pleasant, joyful , happy , excited, etc.
L 表示不满、生气unsatisfied, discomfort, angry, sad, etc.
EO 表示听到、总所周之:as we all know, as is known to all, as you have already heard of,
三、箭头
g 表示到达、传达:go into ,arrive at , give to , send to, present to etc.
表示导致、引导: lead to, result in, in the direction of, etc.
表示屈服: submit to
f 表示来自于: be/come from , return, receive from, etc.
表示追溯到: come/go back to , originate
h 表示上升: up/upward/rise ,increase, arise, ascend, etc.
表示发射、投放市场、发行:launch,open, start, etc.
表示发展、加强、推进:develop,strengthen, promote, etc
表示 " 波折 " : ups and downs, twists and turns, etc.
四、数学符号
+表示 "多 ": many, lots of, a great deal of, a good many of, etc.
++(+2) 表示 " 多 " 的比较级: more
+3 表示 " 多 "的最高级: most
-表示 " 少 ": little, few, lack ,in short of/ be in shortage of etc.
×表示 " 错误 " 、 "失误 " 和 " 坏 "的概念: wrong/incorrect ,something bad ,notorious , negative, etc.
> 表示 "多于 "概念: bigger/larger/greater/more than/better than, etc.
表示 " 高" 概念: superior to ,surpass, etc.
< 表示 "少于 "概念: less/smaller, etc.
表示 " 低" 概念: inferior to , etc.
= 表示 "同等 "概念: means, that is to say, in other words , the same as, be equal to, etc. 表示 " 对手 " 概念: a match, rival, competitor, counterpart, etc.
( ) 表示 " 在 ......之间 ": among, within, etc.
≠表示 " 不同 " 概念: be different from, etc.
表示 " 无敌 " 概念: matchless, peerless, etc.
~表示 " 大约 " 概念: about/around ,or so, approximately, etc.
/ 表示 " 否定 " , "消除 "等概念: cross out, eliminate, etc.
五、标点等
:表示各种各样 " 说 "的动词: say, speak, talk, marks, announce, declare, etc. ?
表示 "问题 " : question,issue,例如:台湾问题: tw?
. (dot)这个"."点的位置不同表示的概念也不一样".d" 表示 yesterday, ".y" 表示 last year, ".2m" 表示 two month ago 。 "y" 表示 this year, "y2." two year later"next week",可以表示为"wk."
∧ 表示转折
√表示 " 好的 " 状态, right/good , famous/well-known , etc.
表示 " 同意 " 状态, stand up for , support, agree with sb, certain/ affirmative, etc.
☆表示 " 重要的 " 状态: important , exemplary (模范的)best,outstanding, brilliant , etc. n 表示 "交流 "状态: exchange, mutual, etc.
&表示 " 和" ,"与 " :and,together with ,along with , accompany,along with ,further more ,etc.
∥表示 " 结束 " : end,stop, halt, bring sth to a standstill/stop, etc.
六、较长单词的处理办法
-ism 简写为m 例如: socialism Sm
-tion 简简写为n 例如: standardization (标准化 ) stdn
-cian 简简写为o 例如: technician techo
-ing 简写为g 例如: marketing ( 市场营销 ) MKTg
-ed 简写为 d 例如: accepted acptd
-able/ible/ble 简写为bl 例如: available avbl
-ment 简写为mt 例如: amendment amdmt
-ize 简写为z 例如: recognize regz
-ful 简写为fl 例如: meaningful mnfl
口译笔记法常用符号
inquiry, interrogate, ask, mystery,…?问题;question, problem, … !危险,警告,当心,值得注意的是;dangerous, warning, alarm, watch out, of course °人,人民,伙伴,朋友;people, partner, … ?信息,消息,情报;information, message, intelligence, … 删除,废除,放弃;delete, discard, give up, …?贸易,交换,交流,关于,关联,替代;trade, exchange, communication, relationship __ 这个,强调;emphasize a certain word/ phrase. …继续,持续,不断的,长期的,各种各样的,多的;more, continuous, … => 加强,推动,促进;enhance, promote, … × # 不仅;not only, … & 和,而且;and… @关于;about e.g . 例如,比如;for example, such as, … (三)图形符号 ?高兴,激动;happy, pleased, excited, … ?失望,不满意,生气;unhappy, unsatisfied, angry, … 会议,聚会;conference, symposium, convention, session, forum, seminar, council, congress, meeting, assembly, gathering, committee,
口译笔记速记符号归总(二)
一、缩略词 英语当中缩略词使用的频率很高,如IMP: important, ASAP: as soon as possible.很显然如果能熟练掌握缩略词,会对考试大有裨益。 缩略词的写法一般为四种方式: F拿掉所有元音 MKT: market MGR: manager MSG: message STD: standard RCV: receive F保留前几个字母 INFO information INS insurance EXCH exchange I owe you IOU In stead of I/O F保留开头和结尾个发音字母 WK week RM room PL people F根据发音 R are THO though THRU through 高级口译听力常用英语缩略词表 缩略词原词 APT Apartment ACC Accountant ACDG According ACPT Accept AD Advertisement ADS Address ADV Advice AMAP As much/many as possible AMT Amount APV Approve
ASAP As soon as possible BAL Balance BLDG Building CERT Certificate CFM Conform CNCL Cancel CNF Conference CMI Commission CMP Complete CMPE Compete/competitive CMU Communication CONC Concern/concerning/concerned COND Condition CO. Company DEPT Department DISC Discount DPT Departure EXCH Exchange EXPLN Explain EXT Extent FLT Flight FNT Final FRT Freight FYR For your reference GD Good GUAR Guarantee H.O. Home office INFO Information IMPS Impossible IMP(T) Important INCD Include INDIV Individual INS Insurance INTST Interested I/O In stead of IOU I owe you
口译笔记速记符号归总 一、做口译笔记时的注意事项 1.口译笔记应记要点,切忌求记“全”。口译笔记是记忆的延伸或补充,不应也不必取代记忆。口译笔记的主要内容是概念、命题、名称、数字、组织机构和逻辑关系(如大小、先后、正反、上下、升降、因果关系等),笔记单位以表达意群的词语和符号为主。 2.口译笔记求快求精,但不可潦草。 3.口译笔记可使用来源语,也可使用目标语,也可以双语兼用。只要有利于口译的准确性和流利性,不必拘泥于某种文字或符号。例如,“联合国大会”可笔录为“UN”或“联大”。 4.口译笔记使用大量常见略语,例如:cf(compare),Co(company),eg(for example),etc(and so on),esp(especially),ie(that is),max(maximum),min(minimum),ref(reference),std(standard),usu(usually),等。 二、常用速记符号 速记是一项特殊的技巧,速记语言是由一套完整的符号组成的体系。在口译实践中逐步掌握一些简单的速记符号是有益的。 口译成功与否在很大程度上取决于译员在口译表达前对感知的信息进行记录的能力。记录分为“脑记”和“笔记”两种。 人脑的记忆由短时记忆和长时记忆两部分组成。顾名思义,短时记忆是一种操作性的暂时记忆,长时记忆属于一种储存性的永久记忆。影响一个人短时记忆的因素很多,其中最主要的因素是记忆内容的意义性。即便是当感知的信息有意义时,人的短时记忆只可容纳由二十多个单词组成的句子,或者一组十位数的数字。因此,对于口译工作者来说,完全依赖人脑的记忆能力是危险的,记笔记便显得十分重要。 in Note taking Use only the abbreviations that fit your needs and that you will remember easily. A good idea is to introduce only a few abbreviations into your note taking at a time. Symbols helpful in math -- these are commonly used in texts and references. S = sum f = frequency Leave out periods in standard abbreviations. cf = compare e.g. = example dept = department Use only the first syllable of a word. pol = politics
笔记符号 一.图形符号 □State, kingdom, country, nation, national, federal △City, metropolis, cosmopolis, metropolitan, urban, municipal ▽Village, farm, outskirt, countryside, suburban, rural areas °右上角:人 右下角:地方、地名、机构 ^ 领导,监督;顶点,顶级,最 Lead, supervise, head, peak, top, supreme, utmost, maximum, climax △°Citizen, urban residents, urban inhabitants ▽°Farmer, peasant, rancher, agriculturist Universal, worldwide, international, transnational, global, transcontinental, all over the world, across bounderies □ s 多国,其他国家 other countries □ e 国民经济 national economy Domestic, native, internal, interior, at home Foreign, overseas, abroad, alien, exotic, out of the country, beyond seas, in ther foreign land In and out of the country, at home and abroad 进口 出口 进出口 飞°飞行员 飞。飞机场 中°中国人 广。广场 e°经济学家 e。经济实体 economic entity f。金融机构 financial institution ^°Boss, leader, chairman, ruler, chief, manager, president, majesty, governor, director, supervisor, monitor □^°国家领导人,政府首脑 state leader 宏观调控 macro-control 首都 capital city
口译笔记速记符号归总(一)
口译笔记速记符号归总(一) 1. Note-taking symbols and abbreviations for your reference: Abbreviations in Note taking Use only the abbreviations that fit your needs and that you will remember easily. A good idea is to introduce only a few abbreviations into your note taking at a time. Symbols helpful in math —— these are commonly used in texts and references. S = sum f = frequency Leave out periods in standard abbreviations. cf = compare e.g. = example dept = department Use only the first syllable of a word. pol = politics dem = democracy lib = liberal cap = capitalism Use entire first syllable and only 1st letter of 2nd syllable. pres = presentation subj = subject ind = individual cons = conservative Eliminate final letters. Use just enough of the word to form a recognizable abbreviation. assoc = associate biol = biology
主要内容 1 Note-taking symbols and abbreviations 2缩略词 3字母、图像 4箭头 5数学符号 6标点 技巧 一. Note-taking symbols and abbreviations for your reference: Abbreviations in Note taking Use only the abbreviations that fit your needs and that you will remember easily. A good idea is to introduce only a few abbreviations into your note taking at a time. Symbols helpful in math ——these are commonly used in texts and references. S = sum f = frequency Leave out periods in standard abbreviations. cf = compare e.g. = example dept = department
Use only the first syllable of a word. pol = politics dem = democracy lib = liberal cap = capitalism Use entire first syllable and only 1st letter of 2nd syllable. pres = presentation subj = subject ind = individual cons = conservative Eliminate final letters. Use just enough of the word to form a recognizable abbreviation. assoc = associate biol = biology info = information ach = achievement chem = chemistry max = maximum intro = introduction conc = concentration min = minimum rep = repetition
实用口译笔记符号 一. 地名简写 原词速记符号原词速记符号Korea K Sweden SD Switzerland SW 东西南北中等方位“|-” the Republic of Korea(南 朝鲜) ROK “K” the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea(北朝鲜) DPRK “_K” Eastern Germany (东德) “G|”Western Europe(西欧)“|EU” 二. 货币简写 原词速记符号原词速记符号Sterling/pound £US dollar $ Renminbi/RMB ¥Australian dollars #A Austrian schillings Sch Canadian dollars Can$ Eurodollar €New Zealanddollars NZ$ Japanese yen 円 三.时间简写 原词速记符号原词速记符号 hour hr minute ’ second ’’morning m afternoon a evening/night/tonight n today d yesterday .d the day before yesterday ”d tomorrow d’the day after tomorrow d’ ’day by day/everyday dd last night ’n next morning m’ this week w the week before last ”w Monday 1w Tuesday 2w Wednesday 3w Thursday 4w Friday 5w Saturday 6w Sunday 7w this month m January 1m February 2m March 3m April 4m
口译笔记符号大汇总 一. 地名简写 原词速记符号原词速记符号Korea K Sweden SD Switzerland SW 东西南北中等方位“|-” the Republic of Korea(南朝鲜) ROK “K” the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea(北朝鲜) DPRK “_K” Eastern Germany (东德) “G|”Western Europe(西 欧) “|EU” 二. 货币简写 原词速记符号原词速记符号Sterling/pound £US dollar $ Renminbi/RMB ¥Australian dollars #A Austrian schillings Sch Canadian dollars Can$ Eurodollar €New Zealand dollars NZ$ Japanese yen 円 三.时间简写 原词速记符号原词速记符号hour hr minute ’ second ’’morning m afternoon a evening/night/tonight n today d yesterday .d the day before yesterday ”d tomorrow d’ the day after tomorrow d’ ’day by day/everyday dd last night ’n next morning m’ this week w the week before last ”w Monday 1w Tuesday 2w Wednesday 3w Thursday 4w
口译笔记符号及数字口译 在口译第一阶段考试过程中,听力部分的句子听译和段落听译是难点,这一部分成功与否很大程度上取决于考生对听到的信息进行记录的能力。对考生来说,“脑记”和“笔记”缺一不可,考生听的时候应该把注意力集中在理解和抓要点上,以脑记为主,笔记为辅。 听译部分笔记记要点是关键,而不应该盲目追求“全”。考试对考生的要求是准确传达所听到内容的最基本的、实质性的内容,这就需要考生集中精力抓住并记下关键的词和意群。我们无需也不可能采取听写的方法,整句整段地记录源语信息。笔记记得太多反而会影响对于源语整体的理解。 下面是一些常用的笔记符号,在新世界的口译课堂都会给学生练习到,这里总结出来供更多学生参考使用。 1.缩略(Abbreviations) AMAP——尽可能多(as much as possible) APEC——亚太经合组织 ASAP——尽快(as soon as possible) ASEAN——东盟 B.A.——文学士 B.C.——公元前 B.S.——理学士 CPC——中国共产党 DEPT——系;部门 e.g.——例如 esp.——尤其是 FIE——外资企业 H.Q.——总部 ID——身份;身份证 IOU——欠条
org——组织 Ph.D.——博士 EU——欧盟 UN——联合国 V.P.——副主席 2.数学符号(Mathematical Symbols) + 可以表示“增加”,“另外”,“除此以外”,还可表示“正确”或“好”。 -可以表示“减去”,“少”,或者“差”等。 ×可以表示“错误”,“坏的”,“不好”,“不对”。 >可以表示“大于”,“超过”,“比……好”。 <可以表示“小于”,“不如”,“比……差”。 =可以表示“等于”,“相当于”,“意味着”。 ≠可以表示“不等于”,“不是这个意思”,“不是……的对手”。 ∵可以表示“因为”,“由于”。 ∴可以表示“所以”,“因而”,“因此”。 3.箭头符号(Arrow Symbols) ↑可以表示“上升”,“发展”,“加强”,“改善”,“发射”,“提拔”,“晋升”。 ↓可以表示“下降”,“衰退”,“下跌”,“恶化”。 ←可以表示“来自”,“来源”,“进口”,“回归”。 →可以表示“到达”,“出口”,“前往”,“派遣”,“发送”,“导致某个结果”。 4.标点符号(Punctuation Marks) :可以表示“说”,“认为”,“宣称”,“声明”,“抗议”。 ?可以表示“问题”,“疑问”,“问”。
口译符号 一、 缩略词 英语当中缩略词使用的频率很高,如IMP: important, ASAP: as soon as possible。很显然如果能熟练掌握缩略词,会对考试大有裨益。缩略词的写法一般为四种方式: F拿掉所有元音 MKT: market MGR: manager MSG: message STD: standard RCV: receive F保留前几个字母 INFO : information INS : insurance EXCH exchange I owe you IOU In stead of I/O F保留开头和结尾个发音字母 WK: week RM: room PL: people F根据发音 R :are THO: though THRU: through 高级口译听力常用英语缩略词表 缩略词 原词 APT :Apartment ACC: Accountant ACDG :According ACPT: Accept AD :Advertisement ADS :Address ADV: Advice AMAP :As much/many as possible
AMT: Amount APV :Approve ASAP :As soon as possible BAL :Balance BLDG :Building CERT Certificate CFM :Conform CNCL :Cancel CNF: Conference CMI :Commission CMP :Complete CMPE :Compete/competitive CMU :Communication CONC :Concern/concerning/concerned COND :Condition CO. :Company DEPT: Department DISC :Departure EXCH: Exchange EXPLN: Explain EXT: Extent FLT :Final FRT: Freight FYR :For your reference GD :Good GUAR :Guarantee H.O. Home office INFO :Information IMPS :Impossible IMP(T): Important INCD :Include INDIV :Individual INS: Insurance INTST :Interested I/O :In stead of IOU :I owe you IVO: In view of
一、地名简写 高级口译听力部分要求考生准确拼写出主要国家的名称和首都。如果要把每个国家的名称完整的记录下来.会很费时间。因此,常用国名的记录方法应常记心中,比如K=Korea, SD= Sweden, SW=Switzerland等等。有时还可以借助“|-”来表示东、西、南、北、中等方位。例如:the Republic of Korea(ROK,南朝鲜),表示为“-K”; 相应的the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea(DPRK,北朝鲜), 就可以表示为“K-”,Central London,表示为LD。Western Europe (西欧)表示为“|EU”,Eastern Germany (东德)表示为“G|”。 练习:Eastern Europe, South Africa, North China, Western Germany, South Asia,Central Ital 二、缩略词 英语当中缩略词使用的频率很高,如IMP: important, ASAP: as soon as possible。很显然如果能熟练掌握缩略词,会对考试大有裨益。 缩略词的写法一般为四种方式: (一)拿掉所有元音 MKT: market MGR: manager MSG: message STD: standard RCV: receive (二)保留前几个字母 INFO information INS insurance EXCH exchange I owe you IOU In stead of I/O (三)保留开头和结尾个发音字母 WK week RM room PL people (四)根据发音 R are THO though
英语口译笔记速记符号大全 一.缩写词: Abbreviations in Note taking Use only the abbreviations that fit your needs and that you will remember easily. A good idea is to introduce only a few abbreviations into your note taking at a time 1.Symbols helpful in math -- these are commonly used in texts and references. S= sum f = frequency Leave out periods in standard abbreviations. cf = compare e.g. = example dept = department Use only the first syllable of a word.
pol= politics dem= democracy lib = liberal cap = capitalism Use entire first syllable and only 1st letter of 2nd syllable. pres = presentation subj = subject ind = individual cons= conservative Eliminate final letters. Use just enough of the word to form a recognizable abbreviation. assoc= associate biol = biology info=information ach = achievement chem = chemistry max = maximum intro= introduction conc = concentration min= minimum rep = repetition
常用速记符号 大于> 小于< 小于或等于? 大于或等于? 等于、意味着= 不等于≠ 约等于≈ 遗憾、悲哀; 高兴、荣兴( 错误、否、不、否定×正确、对、好、肯定√不同意N 同意Y 上升、增加↑ 下降、减少↓ 强、好+ 更强、更好++ 弱、差- 更弱、更差―― 因为∵ 所以∴ 优秀★ 属于? 胜利V 问题、疑问? 和、与& 结论是=> 促进、发展↗ 国家□ 国与国□/□ 原因← 导致、结果→ 对立、冲突>< 波折<< 会议、会面⊙ 进入∩ 接触、交往∞ 分歧⊥ 非常、十分重要** 坚持≡
关键! 奇观! 有关@ 替换为∽ 但是‖ 与……比较而言∥ 空洞○ 代表△ 口译成功与否在很大程度上取决于译员在口译表达前对感知的信息进行记录的能力。记录分为“脑记”和“笔记”两种。 人脑的记忆由短时记忆和长时记忆两部分组成。顾名思义,短时记忆是一种操作性的暂时记忆,长时记忆属于一种储存性的永久记忆。影响一个人短时记忆的因素很多,其中最主要的因素是记忆内容的意义性。即便是当感知的信息有意义时,人的短时记忆只可容纳由二十多个单词组成的句子,或者一组十位数的数字。因此,对于口译工作者来说,完全依赖人脑的记忆能力是危险的,记笔记便显得十分重要。 一、做口译笔记时的注意事项 1.口译笔记应记要点,切忌求记“全”。口译笔记是记忆的延伸或补充,不应也不必取代记忆。口译笔记的主要内容是概念、命题、名称、数字、组织机构和逻辑关系(如大小、先后、正反、上下、升降、因果关系等),笔记单位以表达意群的词语和符号为主。 2.口译笔记求快求精,但不可潦草。 3.口译笔记可使用来源语,也可使用目标语,也可以双语兼用。只要有利于口译的准确性和流利性,不必拘泥于某种文字或符号。例如,“联合国大会”可笔录为“UN”或“联大”。 4.口译笔记使用大量常见略语,例如:cf(compare), Co(company), eg(for example), etc(and so on), esp(especially), ie(that is), max(maximum), min(minimum), ref(reference), std(standard), usu(usually),等。 二、常用速记符号 速记是一项特殊的技巧,速记语言是由一套完整的符号组成的体系。在口译实践中逐步掌握一些简单的速记符号是有益的 口译成功与否在很大程度上取决于译员在口译表达前对感知的信息进行记录的能力。记录分为“脑记”和“笔记”两种。 人脑的记忆由短时记忆和长时记忆两部分组成。顾名思义,短时记忆是一种操作性的暂时记忆,长时记忆属于一种储存性的永久记忆。影响一个人短时记忆的因素很多,其中最主要的因素是记忆内容的意义性。即便是当感知的信息有意义时,人的短时记忆只可容纳由二十多个单词组成的句子,或者一组十位数的数字。因此,对于口译工作者来说,完全依赖人脑的记忆能力是危险的,记笔记便显得十分重要。 口译的过程中,译者会遭遇许多讯息负荷上的困难,例如:讯息过多、讯息密集(好几项并列的讯息)、讯息杂乱、或是讯息陌生(如数字或专有名词)。既使能够完全理解讯息的内容,也有可能无法完整地将讯息传达出来。这时候,我们就需要一些辅助工具的协助,这就是口译笔记。 口译笔记的功能是:第一、具有辅助短时记忆的作用,避免遗忘漏失。第二、透过图像、版面与符号的交错运用,笔记具有语段逻辑分析与保存的功能,能将语篇的段落整理清楚并保存一段时间。
英语口译常用的笔记符号 Note-taking symbols and abbreviations for your reference 一、做口译笔记时的注意事项 1.口译笔记应记要点,切忌求记“全”。口译笔记是记忆的延伸或补充,不应也不必取代记忆。口译笔记的主要内容是概念、命题、名称、数字、组织机构和逻辑关系(如大小、先后、正反、上下、升降、因果关系等),笔记单位以表达意群的词语和符号为主。 2.口译笔记求快求精,但不可潦草。 3.口译笔记可使用来源语,也可使用目标语,也可以双语兼用。只要有利于口译的准确性和流利性,不必拘泥于某种文字或符号。例如,“联合国大会”可笔录为“UN”或“联大”。 4.口译笔记使用大量常见略语,例如:cf(compare),Co (company),eg(for example), etc(and so on),esp(especially),ie(that is),max (maximum), min(minimum),ref(reference),std(standard),usu (usually),等。
二、常用速记符号 速记是一项特殊的技巧,速记语言是由一套完整的符号组成的体系。在口译实践中逐步掌握一些简单的速记符号是有益的。 口译成功与否在很大程度上取决于译员在口译表达前对感知的信息进行记录的能力。记录分为“脑记”和“笔记”两种。 人脑的记忆由短时记忆和长时记忆两部分组成。顾名思义,短时记忆是一种操作性的暂时记忆,长时记忆属于一种储存性的永久记忆。影响一个人短时记忆的因素很多,其中最主要的因素是记忆内容的意义性。即便是当感知的信息有意义时,人的短时记忆只可容纳由二十多个单词组成的句子,或者一组十位数的数字。因此,对于口译工作者来说,完全依赖人脑的记忆能力是危险的,记笔记便显得十分重要。 in Note taking Use only the abbreviations that fit your needs and that you will remember easily. A good idea is to introduce only a few abbreviations into your note taking at a time.
Notetaking 1 去年春天,我国遭遇了一场非典疫情重大灾害。党中央、国务院把人民群众的身体健康和生命安全放在第一位,及时研究和部署防治非典工作。将非典列为法定传染病管理,如实公布疫情,在全国范围内实行群防群控。国务院和地方政府成立防治非典指挥部,统一调度人力物力财力,充分发挥城乡基层组织的作用,确保预防、救治工作紧张有序进行。 2.China suffered from a disastrous SARS outbreak last spring. The Party Central Committee and the State Council gave top priority to protecting people's health and lives and promptly investigated SARS and took steps to prevent and treat it. We enforced the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Treatment of Communicable Diseases, formulated the Regulations on Public Health Emergency Response, and classified SARS as a communicable disease. We reported the facts of the SARS situation exactly as they were and mobilized the general public throughout the country to control the outbreak. The State Council and local governments established anti-SARS headquarters to coordinate human, material and financial resources and to make full use of primary-level organizations in both urban and rural areas, so as to ensure that prevention and treatment work was done quickly and orderly.
口译笔记速记符号: (1)Note-taking symbols and abbreviations for reference: Abbreviations in Note taking: Use only the abbreviations that fit the needs. S = sum f = frequency Leave out periods in standard abbreviations. cf = compare e.g. = example dept = department Use only the first syllable of a word. pol = politics dem = democracy lib = liberal cap = capitalism Use entire first syllable and only 1st letter of 2nd syllable. pres = presentation subj = subject ind = individual cons = conservative Eliminate final letters. Use just enough of the word to form a recognizable abbreviation. assoc = associate biol = biology info = information ach = achievement chem = chemistry max = maximum intro = introduction conc = concentration min = minimum
口译笔记符号大汇总 一、地名简写 高级口译听力部分要求考生准确拼写出主要国家的名称和首都。如果要把每个国家的名称完整的记录下来.会很费时间。因此,常用国名的记录方法应常记心中,比如K=Korea,SD=Sweden, SW=Switzerland等等。 有时还可以借助“|-”来表示东、西、南、北、中等方位。例如:theRepublic of Korea(ROK,南朝鲜,表示为“-K”;相应的the Democratic People’sRepublic of Korea (DPRK,北朝鲜),就可以表示为“K-”,Central London,表示为LD。WesternEurope (西欧)表示为“|EU”,EasternGermany (东德表示为“G|”。 练习: Eastern Europe, South Africa, North China, Western Germany, South Asia,CentralItal 二、缩略词 英语当中缩略词使用的频率很高,如IMP:important, ASAP:as soon as possible。很显然如果能熟练掌握缩略词,会对考试大有裨益。 缩略词的写法一般为四种方式: (一)拿掉所有元音 MKT:market MGR:manager MSG:message STD:standard
RCV:receive (二)保留前几个字母 INFO information INS insurance EXCH exchange I owe you IOU In stead of I/O (三)保留开头和结尾个发音字母WK week RM room PL people (四)根据发音 R are THO though THRU through (五)口译听力常用英语缩略词表缩略词原词APT Apartment ACC Accountant ACDG According ACPT
口译笔记怎么做? 口译笔记怎么做? 口译成功与否在很大程度上取决于译员在口译表达前对感知的信息进行记录的能力。记 录分为“脑记”和“笔记”两种。 人脑的记忆由短时记忆和长时记忆两部分组成。顾名思义,短时记忆是一种操作性的暂时记忆,长时记忆属于一种储存性的永久记忆。影响一个人短时记忆的因素很多,其中最主要的因素是记忆内容的意义性。即便是当感知的信息有意义时,人的短时记忆只可容纳由二十多个单词组成的句子,或者一组十位数的数字。因此,对于口译工作者来说,完全依赖人脑的记忆能力是危险的,记笔记便显得十分重要。 口译的过程中,译者会遭遇许多讯息负荷上的困难,例如:讯息过多、讯息密集(好几项并列的讯息)、讯息杂乱、或是讯息陌生(如数字或专有名词)。既使能够完全理解讯息的内容,也有可能无法完整地将讯息传达出来。这时候,我们就需要一些辅助工具的协助, 这就是口译笔记。 口译笔记的功能是:第一、具有辅助短时记忆的作用,避免遗忘漏失。第二、透过图像、版面与符号的交错运用,笔记具有语段逻辑分析与保存的功能,能将语篇的段落整理清楚并 保存一段时间。 笔记是口译讯息整理与保存的工具,运用这项工具时必须先了解到底笔记的内容是什么。缩减练习中已经提到,建立新架构的必要讯息是5W1H「六何」(何人、何事、何时、何地、何物、如何)。再加上,数字与专有名词就是了。 在讯息内容之外,还要进一步掌握的就是讯息内容之间的关系。 讯息关系内容说明方法运用 段落的顺序显示出语篇或语意的段落画线或排列表示 逻辑的关系祝贺、谢词、欢迎、感想运用笔记符号表示 强弱的程度表达状语等修饰词,如「极为」、「少许」、「经常」、「偶而」等在右上角 用1-2个+ - !?等表示 变化的情形升高、降低、波动、剧变运用<>↗↘↑→等表示 一、做口译笔记时的注意事项 1.口译笔记应记要点,切忌求记“全”。口译笔记是记忆的延伸或补充,不应也不必取代记忆。口译笔记的主要内容是概念、命题、名称、数字、组织机构和逻辑关系(如大小、先后、正反、上下、升降、因果关系等),笔记单位以表达意群的词语和符号为主。 2.口译笔记求快求精,但不可潦草。 3.口译笔记可使用来源语,也可使用目标语,也可以双语兼用。只要有利于口译的准确性和流利性,不必拘泥于某种文字或符号。例如,“联合国大会”可笔录为“UN”或“联大”。
口译专题2017-4-26 口译笔记符号和文字 口译笔记常用符号 符号信息含义 果实;成果;成就(fruit, result, accomplishment, achievement) 1)消除;废除;根除;除去(delete, exclude, dismiss, erase, disappear, vanish, extinct, remove, abolish, get rid of, wipe out, eliminate, eradicate) 2)抛弃;放弃(abandon, desert, discard, forsake, quit) 开心;快乐;满意(smile, happy, glad, pleased, excited, in a good mood, joy, pleasant, ecstasy, delight, satisfaction, contented) 不开心;伤心;愤怒;不满意(unhappy, in a bad mood, sad, sorrow, grief, unsatisfied, dissatisfaction, angry, displeasure, rage, fury, irritation, annoyance, indignation) 1)听;聆听(listen to) 2)开放(be open to) 改革开放(reform and opening up) 爱;关爱;关怀;慈善;同情(love, care about, be concerned about, charity, compassion, sympathy) 买;购买;投资(buy, purchase, invest) 卖,销售;获利(sell, make a profit) 推动;促进;有助于(promote, strengthen, encourage, stimulate, facilitate, reinforce, strive, push, urge, stir, force, accelerate, drive, prompt, propel, give impetus to, carry forward, contribute to) 阻碍;限制(obstacle, restrain, discourage, curb, hamper, hinder, barrier, bar, encumber, hold back, draw back) 压力;影响(pressure, burden, load, stress, impact, influence, effect, affect exert influence on, have effect on) 到目前为止;迄今为止(so far, up till now, until now, till now) 学校;教育机构(schools, education institutes) 生产;产品(produce, manufacture, product)