搜档网
当前位置:搜档网 › 英语的主动语态和被动语态

英语的主动语态和被动语态

英语的主动语态和被动语态
英语的主动语态和被动语态

主动语态和被动语态

一、被动语态的用法:

1. 一般现在时的被动语态构成: is / am / are + 及物动词的过去分词

Our classroom is cleaned every day. 我们教室每天都被打扫。

I am asked to study hard. 我被告知要努力学习。

Knives are used for cutting things. 刀是用来切东西的。

2. 一般过去时的被动语态构成: was / were + 及物动词的过去分词

A new shop was built last year. 去年修了一座新商店。

Dinosaur eggs were laid long long ago. 恐龙蛋被放置了很久很久。

3. 一般将来时的被动语态构成:will+ be + 及物动词的过去分词

A new hospital will be built in our city. 我们城市将要修建一家新医院。

Many more trees will be planted next year. 明年会种更多的树。

4. 现在进行时的被动语态构成: am / is / are + being + 及物动词的过去分词 Uncle Wang is mending my bike now.→ My bike is being repaired by Tom now. 王叔叔正在修理我的自行车。They are planting trees over there. → Trees are being plant ed over there by them. 他们在那里

种植的树木。

5. 现在完成时的被动语态构成:has / have + been + 及物动词的过去分词 This book has been translated into many languages. 这本书被翻译成多种文字。 Many man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries. 在许多国家有许多人造卫星被送上了太空。

6.过去进行

时的被动语态构成:was/were + being + 及物动词的过去分词

The boy was being operated on when his parents hurried to the hospital.当他的父母赶到医院的时

候这个男孩正在做手术。 The new road was being made.这条新路正在修筑。

7.过去完成时的被动语态构成:had + been + 及物动词的过去分词

The classroom hadn ’ t been cleaned before the teache r came. 在老师来之前,教室尚未打扫。

The tickets had been sold out before I came to the cinema. 在门票被销售一空前我赶到了电影院。

8.将来完成时的被动语态构成:shall/will + have done

They will have been married for 20 years by then. 届时,他们结婚将满 20 周年。

The project will have been completed before May.该项目将在五月前完成。

9.含有情态动词的被动语态构成:情态动词 + be + 及物动词的过去分词

Young trees must be watered often. 小树需要经常浇水。

Your mistakes should be corrected right now. 你应该现在就改正你的错误。 The door may be locked inside. 这扇门可以反锁。

Your homework can be handed in tomorrow. 你的家庭作业可以明天交。

二、怎样把主动语态改成被动语态? 把主动语态改为被动语态非常简单,可以遵循以下几个

步骤: 1. 先找出谓语动词; 2. 再找出谓语动词后的宾语; 3. 把宾语用作被动语态中的主语;

4. 注意人称、时态和数的变化。

例:1. Bruce writes a letter every we→A letter is written by Bruce every week.

2. Li Lei m ended the broken bike this morning. → The broken bike was mended by Li Lei this morning. 李雷今天上午在修理坏的自行车。

3. He has written two novels so far. → Two novels have been written by him so far. 至今他已写

了两部小说。

4. They will plant ten trees tomorrow. → Ten trees will be planted by them tomorrow.

5. Lucy is writing a letter now. → A letter is being written by Lucy now. 露西正在写信。

6. You must lock the door when you leave. → the door must be locked when you leave.

三、使用被动语态应注意的几个问题:

1. 不及物动词无被动语态。 What will happen in 100 years?一百年里会发生什么事? The dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago. 约 65 万年前恐龙灭绝。

2. 有些动词用主动形式表示被动意义。 This pen writes well. 这支钢笔很好写。 This new book sells well. 这本新书卖的很好。

3. 感官动词或使役动词使用省略 to 的动词不定式,主动语态中不带 to ,但变为被动语态时,须加上 to。例:Make somebody do something →somebody+ be +made to do something See somebody do something →somebody +be +seen to do something A girl saw my wallet drop when she passed by. → My wallet was seen to drop by a girl when she passed by. 一个女孩看到我的钱

夹掉了,当她经过的时候。The boss made the little boy do heavy work. → The little boy was made to do heavy work by the boss. 这个老板让这小男孩干重活。

4. 如果是接双宾语的动词改为被动语态时,直接宾语(物)做主语,那么动词后要用介词,

这个介词是由与其搭配的动词决定。He gave me a book. →A book wa s given to me by him. 他

给了我一本书。He showed me a ticket. →A ticket was shown to me by him. 他给我展示了一张票。My father bought me a new bike. → A new bike was bought for me by my father. 5. 一些动

词短语用于被动语态时,动词短语应当看作一个整体,而不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。

We can’ t laugh at him. →He can’t be laugh at by us. 我们不能嘲笑他。 He listens to the radio every day. →The radio is listened to by him every day. The nurse is taking care of the sick man.

→The sick man is being taken care of by the nurse. 当主句动词是过去时态(could would 除外),从句则要用相应的过去时态,如一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时等;当从句表示的是

客观真理,科学原理,自然现象,则从句仍用现在时态。例如: The teacher told us that Tom had left us for America.

5. think believe imagine suppose 等等动词引起的否定性宾语从句中,要把上述主句中的动词

变为否定式。即将从句中的否定形式移到主句中。例如:We don’t think you are here. 我们认

为你不在这。I don’t believe he will do so. 我相信他不会这样做。 3)表语从句在句中作表语

的从句叫表语从句。引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样,表语从句位

于联系动词后,有时用 as if 引导。其基本结构为:主语+ 系动词+ that 从句。例如: The

fact is that we have lost the game. 事实是我们已经输了这场比赛。That ’ s just what I want. 这正是我想要的。 This is where our problem lies. 这就是我们的问题所在。 That is why

he didn ’ t come to the meeting. 那就是他为什么不到会的原因。 It looks as if it is going to rain. 看上去天要下雨了。需要注意的,当主语是 reason 时,表语从句要用 that 引导而不是because。例如: The reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morning. 【

注意】 whether 可引导表语从句,但与之同义的 if 却通常不用于引导表语从句。 4)同位语

从句同位语从句说明其前面的名词的具体内容。同位语从句通常由 that 引导,可用于同位语

从句的名词有 advice、demand、doubt、fact、hope、idea、information、message、news、order、 problem、promise、question、request、suggestion、truth、wish、word 等。例如: The news that we won the game is exciting. 我们赢得这场比赛的消息令人激动。 I have no idea when he will come back home. 我不知道他什么时候回来。 The thought came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill. 他想到可能玛丽生病了。同位语从句和定语从句的区别: that 作

为关系代词,可以引导定语从句,充当句子成分,在从句中作宾语时可以省略;that 引导同

位语从句时,起连词的作用,没有实际意义,不充当句子成分,一般不能省略。试比较下

面两个例句: I had no idea that you were here.(that 引导同位语从句,不能省略) Have you got the idea(that)this book gives you of life in ancient Greece?(that 引导定语从句,作宾语,可以省略) 5)名词性 that-从句 1)由从属连词 that 引导的从句叫做名词性 that-从句。That

只起连接主句和从句的作用,在从句中不担任任何成分,本身也没有词义。名词性 that-从句

在句中能充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语和形容词宾语,如:主语:That she is still alive is her luck. 她还活着全靠运气。宾语: John said that he was leaving for London on Wednesday.

约翰说他星期三要到伦敦去。表语:The fact is that he has not been seen recently. 事实是最近谁也没有见过他。同

位语:The fact that he has not been seen recently disturbs everyone in his office. 最近谁也没有见

过他,这一事实令办公室所有的人不安。形容词宾语:I am glad that you are satisfied with

your job. 2)That-从句做主语通常用 it 作先行词,而将 that-从句置于句末,例如: It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure. 很清楚,整个计划注定要失败。 It's a

pity that you should have to leave. 你非走不可真是件憾事。用 it 作形式主语的 that-从句有以下四种不同的搭配关系: a. It + be +形容词+ that-从句 It is necessary that? 有必要?? It is important that? 重要的是?? It is obvious that? 很明显? ? b. It + be + -ed 分词+ that-从句 It is believed that ?

人们相信 ? ? It is known to all that ? 众所周知 ? ? It has been decided that? 已决定?? c. It + be +名词+ that-从句 It is common knowledge that? ??是常识 It is a surprise that? 令人惊奇的是?? It

is a fact that? 事实是?? d. It +不及物动词+ that-从句 It appears that? 似乎?? It happens that? 碰巧?? It occurred to me that? 我突然想起?? 6)名词性 wh-从句 1 )由 wh- 词引导的名词从

句叫做名词性 wh- 从句。 Wh- 词包括 who whom whose whoever what whatever which whichever 等连接代词和 where when how why 等连接副词。Wh-从句的语法功能除了和

that-从句一样外,还可充当介词宾语、宾语补语和间接宾语等,例如:主语: How the book will sell depends on its author. 书销售如何取决于作者本人。直接宾语: In one's own home one can do what one likes. 在自己家里可以随心所欲。间接宾语: The club will give whoever wins a prize. 俱乐部将给得胜者设奖。表语: My question is who will take over president of the Foundation. 我的问题是谁将接任该基金会主席职位。宾语补足语: She will name him whatever she wants to. 她高兴给他起什么名字就取什么名字。同位语:I have no

idea when he will return. 我不知道他什么时候回来。形容词宾语: I'm not sure why she refused their invitation. 。介词宾语: That depends on where we shall go. 那取决于我们去哪儿。

2)Wh-从句做主语也常用先行词 it 做形式主语,而将 wh-从句置于句末,例如: It is not yet decided who will do that job. 还没决定谁做这项工作。 It remains unknown when they are going

to get married. 他们何时结婚依然不明。 7)if whether 引导的名词从句 1)yes-no 型疑问从句从

属连词 if whether 引导的名词从句是由一般疑问句或选择疑问转化而来的,因此也分别被称

为 yes-no 型疑问句从句和选择型疑问从句,其功能和 wh-从句的功能相同,例如:主语:

Whether the plan is feasible remains to be proved. 这一计划是否可行还有等证实。宾语: Let

us know whether / if you can finish the article before Friday. 请让我们知道你是否能在星期五以

前把文章写完。表语: The point is whether we should lend him the money. 问题在于我们

是否应该借钱给他。同位语:They are investigating the question whether the man is trustworthy. 他们调查他是否值得信赖。形容词宾语: She's doubtful whether we shall be able

to come. 她怀疑我们是否能够前来。介词宾语:I worry about whether he can pass through the crisis of his illness. 我担心他是否能度过疾病的危险期。 2)选择性疑问从句

选择性疑问从句由关联词 if/whether?or 或 whether?or not 构成,例如: Please tell me whether / if they are Swedish or Danish. 请告诉我他们是瑞典人还是丹麦人。 I don't care whether you like the plan or not.我不在乎你是否喜欢该计划。 if 和 whether 的区别: 1、在动词不定式之前只能用 whether。如:I can’t decide whether to stay. 我不能决定是否留下 2、在 whether ?? or not 的固定搭配中。如:I want to know whether it’s good news or not . 我想知道是否是好消息。 3 、在介词后,只能用 whether。如: His father is worried about whether he lose his work . 他的父亲担心是否会失去工作。 4、宾语从句放在句首表示强调时,只能用 whether。如:Whether this is true or not I really don’t know. 这是否真的,我真的不知道。 Whether they can finish the work on time is still a problem . 他们是否能准时完成这项工作还是个问题。--此例为主语从句,有误,感谢指出) 5、用 if 会引起歧义时,只用 whether。如: Could you tell me if you know the answer 这句话有两种意思:“你能告诉我是否知道答案吗?”或“如果你知

道答案,请告诉我,好吗?” 。如用 whether 可避免歧义。 2、定语从句定语从句(Attributive Clauses)在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词,词组或代词即

先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。 3.、状语从句状语从句(Adverbial Clause)状语从句指句子用作状语时,起副词作用的句子。它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句。状语从句一般由连词(从属连词)引导,也可以由词组引起。从句位于句首或句中时通常用逗号与主句隔开,位于句尾时可以不用逗号隔开。

最新历年全国高考英语被动语态试题汇总及答案

最新历年全国高考英语被动语态试题汇总及答案 一、单项选择被动语态 1.A new function of China’s official train ticket booking website ______to boost buyers’ chances of obtaining a ticket during the upcoming Spring Festival travel rush. A.will be expected B.expects C.has been expected D.is expected 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 考查时态。句意:中国火车票预订官网的一项新功能有望在即将到来的春运期间增加购票机会。be expected to do表示“有望……”,常用于一般现在时,故D项正确。 2.—The manager has come back from his business trip. He is asking you for the report. — Oh,my god ! I haven’t finished it yet. But he ________ back at the company tomorrow. A.was expected B.will expect C.expected D.will be expected 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析:考查时态和语态。句意:——经理出差回来了。他正在问你要报告。——哦,天哪,我还没完成呢。但是本来预计他明天回公司。根据语境,是过去预料他明天会回来,而且经理是被预计,故用一般过去时的被动。故选A。 【名师点睛】时态的考查要根据本句的句意,这句话一定要根据上下文判断动作发生的时间,要细心体会语境。还要注意时态语态。 考点:考查时态和语态 3.Later Mrs Smith decided to buy that kind of cloth because she_________ that the cloth _________very well. A.has been told; washes B.had been told; washed C.was told; was washed D.had been told; was washed 【答案】B 【解析】 考查时态与感官动词。主句时态为过去时,而从句时态发生在主句之前,即过去的过去,故用过去完成时。像feel, smell, look, wash等表示感官的动词不用被动语态,直接用主动语态,结合前面时态可知,应选washed。句意: 随后史密斯夫人决定买那种布,因为有人告诉她那种布很好洗。故选B。 4.--- Why don't we choose that road to save time? --- The bridge to it . A.has repaired B.is repaired C.is being repaired D.will be repaired

英语被动语态的翻译举例

英语被动句的翻译举例 英语被动句翻译为汉语时,应根据具体情况灵活掌握。 1. 用“被”、“由”、“受(到)”、“挨”、“得到”、“给”、“叫……给”、“让……(给)”、 “是……的”、“为……所”、“加以”等译成汉语的被动句。例如: 1)The door was mended by him. 门被他修好了。/ 门叫(让)他给修好了。/ 门是他修的。 2)He was praised(表扬). But we were criticized(批评;责备). 3)The machine is used by many people. 这台机器为(被)许多人所使用。 4)The problem must be studied carefully. 这个问题必须仔细加以研究。 2. 借助句中的状语等做主语,译成汉语的主动句。例如: 1)All kinds of drinks are sold in that supermarket. 在那家超市里卖各种各样的饮料。或:那家超市卖各种各样的饮料。 2)Table tennis is played all over China. 中国各地都打乒乓球。 3.按照英语句子的主谓顺序,译成可省“被”字的汉语句。例如: 1)His homework has just been done. 他的家庭作业刚做完。 2)The food has been eaten up. 食物已吃光了。 4.成汉语的无主句。例如: 1)Soon the news was received. 不久就收到了那个消息。也可译为:不久那个消息就收到了。 2)After a while, many people were seen to run out. 过来一会儿,看到许多人跑了出来。 5. 添加“有人”、“人们”、“大家”、“我们”等泛指的主语译成汉语。或译为“据……”。 例如: 1)He was seen to take the book. 有人看见他拿走了那本书。 2)Air is known to be a mixture of gases. 人们(大家,我们)都知道空气是一种气体的混合物。 3)She is said to know nothing about it. 据说她对这件事什么也不知道。 4)It is said that …. 据说…… It is well known that …. 大家知道……;众所周知…… It is believed that …. 有人相信…… It will be said that…. 有人(将)会说…… It was reported that…据报道…… 6. 改译成主动句。例如: 1)A new dress was made for me by my mother. 我妈妈给我做了一条新裙子。 2)I was given many nice presents on my birthday. 在我的生日那天,我收到了许多漂亮的礼物。

英语语法:被动语态的用法

英语语法:被动语态的用法 1. 一般现在时的被动语态构成:is / am / are + 及物动词的过去 分词 Our classroom is cleaned everyday. 我们教室每天都被打扫。 I am asked to study hard. 我被告知要努力学习。 Knives are used for cutting things. 刀是用来切东西的。 2. 一般过去时的被动语态构成:was / were + 及物动词的过去分 词 A new shop was built last year. 去年修了一座新商店。 Dinosaur eggs were laid long long ago. 恐龙蛋被放置了很久很久。 3. 一般将来时的被动语态构成:will+ be + 及物动词的过去分词 A new hospital will be built in our city. 我们城市将要修建 一家新医院。 Many more trees will be planted next year. 明年会种更多的树。 4. 现在实行时的被动语态构成:am / is / are + being + 及物动 词的过去分词 Uncle Wang is mending my bike now.→ My bike is being repaired by Tom now. 王叔叔正在修理我的自 行车。

They are planting trees over there. → Trees are being planted over there by them. 他们在那里种植的树木。 5. 现在完成时的被动语态构成:has / have + been + 及物动词的过去分词 This book has been translated into many languages. 这本书被翻译成多种文字。 Many man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries. 在很多国家有很多人造卫星被送上了太空。 6.过去实行时的被动语态构成:was/were + being + 及物动词的过去分词 The boy was being operated on when his parents hurried to the hospital.当他的父母赶到医院的时候这个男孩正在做手术。 The new road was being made.这条新路正在修筑。 7.过去完成时的被动语态构成:had + been + 及物动词的过去分词 The classroom hadn’t been cleaned before the teacher came. 在老师来之前,教室尚未打扫。 The tickets had been sold out before I came to the cinema.在门票被销售一空前我赶到了电影院。 8.将来完成时的被动语态构成:shall/will + have done

【英语】英语被动语态用法总结(完整)

【英语】英语被动语态用法总结(完整) 一、单项选择被动语态 1.Louis Cha (金庸) passed away. As for his achievement, there is such a comment, “He ______ the Nobel Prize for Literature with his written works translated into English.” A.could have been rewarded B.must have been rewarded C.should be rewarded D.need have been rewarded 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 考查情态动词+have done用法。句意:金庸去世了,至于他的成就,有这样的评论:他本能获得诺贝尔文学奖用他的被翻译成了英语的著作。A. could have been rewarded本可以被授予;B. must have been rewarded一定被授予;C. should be rewarded应该被授予;D. need have been rewarded本必要被授予。根据语境,A选项正确。 【点睛】 could have done可用于肯定句、疑问句和否定句。用于肯定句既可以表示过去能够做而实际未做,有惋惜、遗憾或委婉批评之意,通常译为“本来可以”“本来能”,也可以表示对过去动作的推测,常可译为“可能(已经)”。本句表达金庸本能获得诺贝尔文学奖,但却没有获得的惋惜。故A选项正确。 2.—Are we about to having dinner? —Yes, it ________ in the dining room. A.serve B.is serving C.is being served D.has been serving 【答案】C 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意:——我们准备去吃饭吗?——是的,饭菜正在餐厅被供应。it是指饭菜,和动作serve之间是被动关系,且动作正在进行,四个选项中只有C项是现在进行时的被动语态,故选C。 3.The affairs of each country should be by its own people. A.elected B.settled C.developed D.contained 【答案】B 【解析】考查动词。句意为:各国事务应由自己国家的人们解决。由句意可知,选settle,意为“解决”。elect选举;develop 发展;contain 包含,控制。故选B。 4.—Will Uncle Peterson come to my birthday party tomorrow? —Pity he ______ to Zimbabwe as a volunteer teacher. A.was sent B.has been sent C.had been sent D.would be sent

【英语】高三英语被动语态试题经典及解析

【英语】高三英语被动语态试题经典及解析 一、单项选择被动语态 1.Various efforts ________ in the past decades to protect the environment. A.had made B.have made C.were made D.have been made 【答案】D 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意:在过去的几十年里,为保护环境做出了各种努力。根据in the past decades可知句子用现在完成时态,efforts是句子主语,复数形式,和谓语动词make之间是被动关系,所以此处用现在完成时态的被动语态,故答案为D。 2.—Are we about to having dinner? —Yes, it ________ in the dining room. A.serve B.is serving C.is being served D.has been serving 【答案】C 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意:——我们准备去吃饭吗?——是的,饭菜正在餐厅被供应。it是指饭菜,和动作serve之间是被动关系,且动作正在进行,四个选项中只有C项是现在进行时的被动语态,故选C。 3.Many subway stations, including the one near our school, ________ at present for a better transport in the city. A.are constructing B.are being constructed C.is constructing D.is being constructed 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 考查动词时态语态。句意:许多地铁站,包括我们学校附近的地铁站,目前正在建设中,以便有更便利的交通。此处表示动作正在进行,句中主语Many subway stations和动词construct是被动关系,所以此处用现在进行时的被动,与主语一致,故选B. 【点睛】 现在进行时的被动结构:be + being+过去分词 A number of Dongfeng trucks are being shipped abroad.一批东风卡车正被运往国外。 1)“be being done” 中的动词be应随主语作相应的变化。 2)将现在进行时的主动语态变为现在进行时的被动语态的关键是:把be doing变为be being done. 例1. The students are cleaning the classroom now. →The classroom is being cleaned now. 现在学生们正在打扫教室。 (are cleaning变为is being cleaned) 例2. The boy is counting some sheep. →Some sheep are being counte d. 那男孩正在数羊。 (is counting 变为 are being counted)

英语翻译技巧第八节 英语被动语态的翻译

第八节英语被动语态的翻译 汉英对比,英语的被动句显然多于汉语,因为英语重视形态(形式),汉语不重视形态,重视语感。如: (1)海水不可斗量。(2)文章总算写好了。说汉语的 人自古以来有一种主体思维方式,认为“成事者必在 人”,施事者“尽在不言之中”。所以很多被动关系不必 一定用“被”字句。 一、被动语态的语义价值 第一、被动语态有强调受事者,将它置于话题(topic)的主位的语用功能。 1).Peter was robbed to pay Paul. Peter was robbed by him to pay Paul. 他偷了彼得的钱去还保尔的债。(他剜肉补疮。) 2).The happy man cannot be harried. 吉人自有天相。 第二、被动语态有承接上句的修辞功能。 3)Many advances in computer technology took place in the twenty years after 1950.They are generally classified into four stages or generations. 第三、被动语态在特定的语境中表达对主语的尊敬或说话者的谦恭。 4)Where can you be reached?

在什么地方可以找到您?(请问您住在什么地方?) 5)When will I be interviewed? 我什么时候来参加面试呢? 第四、被动语态常用以表示说话者对所提出的话题持有某种客观态度,因而比较委婉。 6)He is said to be the most respected teacher in our Department. 7)It is suggested that each speaker is alloted five minutes. 建议每位发言者讲话不要超过五分钟。 二、被动语态的翻译问题 (一)译成汉语主动句 1、原文中的主语在译文中仍作主语 2、原文中的主语在译文中作宾语 3、译成带表语的主动句“…的是…”或“……是……的” 4、常用被动句型的翻译 5、用“在…下”式(主动式动词+介短) (二)译成汉语被动句 1、“被…”或“给…”“让”“叫” 2、“(遭)受…” 3、“为…所” 4、“加以”“予以”“给以”

【精品】英语被动语态用法总结(完整)

【精品】英语被动语态用法总结(完整) 一、单项选择被动语态 1.The house, which _____ last night, ____ my aunt but she doesn’t live there any more. A.was broken into; is belonged to B.broke into; is belonged to C.broke into; belonging to D.was broken into; belongs to 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 考查被动语态和主动语态。句意:这所房子昨晚被拆了,它属于我的姑妈,但她已经不在那里住了。第一空,根据last night 及句意可知句子用一般过去时态的被动语态,break into“破门而入”,答案为was broken into;第二空,belong to“属于”,无进行和被动语态,结合句意可知句子用一般现在时态,答案为belongs to。故选D。 2.(江苏四校第四次考试)The flood has caused a lot of damage to that area and the figures of the missing________shortly. A.will be published B.have been published C.had been published D.are published 【答案】A 【解析】 考查时态。shortly不久,不多时,在句中作时间状语,表示将来,所以空处应该用将来时。句意为:这场洪水给那一地区造成了很大损失,失踪人数很快就会公布。 答案:A 3.At the awarding ceremony held in Tokyo, the scientists were surprised by what ______ in science and technology. A.has discovered B.has been discovered C.had discovered D.had been discovered 【答案】D 【解析】句意:在东京举行的颁奖仪式上,科学家们惊讶于科学技术的发现。科学家们感到惊讶是过去式,故科学技术发现用过去完成时,what于动词discover是被动关系,故选D。 4.The si nger’s music video nearly 9 million times since it was posted on the Internet four weeks ago. A.viewed B.has viewed C.was viewed D.has been viewed 【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析:考查动词时态与语态辨析。A. viewed,一般过去式;B. was viewed过去式的被

高考英语被动语态真题汇编(含答案)及解析

高考英语被动语态真题汇编(含答案)及解析 一、单项选择被动语态 1.105.The International Olympic Committee announces here that an in crease of 15 events to the program of the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games. A.will make B.will be made C.has been made D.had made 【答案】B 【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意:国际奥委会宣布在2020年东京奥运会上将增加15 个比赛项目。从年份2020可以看出是将来的动作,项目和增加是被动关系,故要用将来时的被动,故选B。 2.The two nurses ________ 100,000 yuan by the police but donated it to victims of the explosion. A.rewarded B.would be rewarded C.have been rewarded D.had been rewarded 【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析:句意:这两位护士被警方奖赏100,000元,但是她们把钱捐给了爆炸事故的受害者。根据“but donated it to victims of the explosion.”,可知“她们把钱捐给了爆炸事故的受害者”已经是发生在过去的事情,而“两位护士被警方奖赏100,000元”是发生在过去的过去,故用过去完成时,且“两位护士”和“奖赏”是被动关系,故用被动语态,选D。 考点:考查时态和语态 3.A new function of China’s official train ticket booking website ______to boost buyers’ chances of obtaining a ticket during the upcoming Spring Festival travel rush. A.will be expected B.expects C.has been expected D.is expected 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 考查时态。句意:中国火车票预订官网的一项新功能有望在即将到来的春运期间增加购票 机会。be expected to do表示“有望……”,常用于一般现在时,故D项正确。 4.Louis Cha (金庸) passed away. As for his achievement, there is such a comment, “He ______ the Nobel Prize for Literature with his written works translated into English.” A.could have been rewarded B.must have been rewarded C.should be rewarded D.need have been rewarded 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】

英语被动语态用法详解

英语被动语态用法详解 一、单项选择被动语态 1.The classroom ________ by students every day. A.cleans B.cleaned C.is cleaned D.is cleaning 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 考查时态和被动语态。句意:教室每天都由学生打扫。句子主语The classroom,单数第三人称形式,与谓语动词clean之间是被动关系,再结合every day,可知句子用一般现在时态的被动语态,故选C。 2.The two nurses ________ 100,000 yuan by the police but donated it to victims of the explosion. A.rewarded B.would be rewarded C.have been rewarded D.had been rewarded 【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析:句意:这两位护士被警方奖赏100,000元,但是她们把钱捐给了爆炸事故的受害者。根据“but donated it to victims of the explosion.”,可知“她们把钱捐给了爆炸事故的受害者”已经是发生在过去的事情,而“两位护士被警方奖赏100,000元”是发生在过去的过去,故用过去完成时,且“两位护士”和“奖赏”是被动关系,故用被动语态,选D。 考点:考查时态和语态 3.(江苏四校第四次考试)The flood has caused a lot of damage to that area and the figures of the missing________shortly. A.will be published B.have been published C.had been published D.are published 【答案】A 【解析】 考查时态。shortly不久,不多时,在句中作时间状语,表示将来,所以空处应该用将来时。句意为:这场洪水给那一地区造成了很大损失,失踪人数很快就会公布。 答案:A 4.The affairs of each country should be by its own people. A.elected B.settled C.developed D.contained 【答案】B 【解析】考查动词。句意为:各国事务应由自己国家的人们解决。由句意可知,选settle,

英语被动语态用法

语态篇——常见与不常见的被动 [提问]在下面这个句子中,那些部分为被动语态“I had not originally been scheduled to work this day but I was extremely pleased when I was asked to help out at the last minute, for it would be one of the most memorable days of the games. (Experiencing English Integrated Book Page120)” 答:要分析上面这个句子,并划出相应的被动语态部分,首先要清楚地了解什么是被动语态和被动语态的结构。 在学中,语态是针对动词而言的一种形式,描述句子中和参与此动作的之间关系。语态分为主动Active Voice和被动Passive Voice两种。当主语是动作的发起者(或之一)时,称为主动语态;如果主语为动作的承受者时,称为被动语态。例如:“猫吃老鼠。”这句话是主动语态;而“老鼠被猫吃。”则是被动语态。 一点意见,我觉得这些语法太简单了 被动语态强调动作的对象或动作本身,句中主语是动作的受动者。分析句子时找到主语和谓语动词,如果主语并非主动行为,而是接受动作,是动作指向的对象,那么该句就是被动句。被动语态的基本构成为: be动词+及物动词过去分词。其中be动词随着句子的不同时态发生相应变化,并要注意随主语人称、单复数变化而使用正确形式。 1)一般现在时:am/is/are+V-ed 2)一般过去时:was/were+V-ed

【英语】高考英语被动语态真题汇编(含答案)含解析

【英语】高考英语被动语态真题汇编(含答案)含解析 一、单项选择被动语态 1.The plan for Xiongan New Area ______ officially on April 1, 2017. A.announced B.was announced C.announces D.is announced 【答案】B 【解析】考查时态与被动语态。句意:设立雄安新区的计划在2017年4月1日被官方宣布。计划是被官方宣布,故用被动语态;动作发生在过去,故用一般过去时的被动语态。故选B。 2.The two nurses ________ 100,000 yuan by the police but donated it to victims of the explosion. A.rewarded B.would be rewarded C.have been rewarded D.had been rewarded 【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析:句意:这两位护士被警方奖赏100,000元,但是她们把钱捐给了爆炸事故的受害者。根据“but donated it to victims of the explosion.”,可知“她们把钱捐给了爆炸事故的受害者”已经是发生在过去的事情,而“两位护士被警方奖赏100,000元”是发生在过去的过去,故用过去完成时,且“两位护士”和“奖赏”是被动关系,故用被动语态,选D。 考点:考查时态和语态 3.Only by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent _______ properly in this hospital. A.can be the patients treated B.the patients can be treated C.can the patients be treated D.treated can be the patients 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析:考查部分倒装。句意为:只有增加50%的医生,这个医院的病人才能得到恰当的医治。“only+状语”放于句首时句子须用部分倒装,故选C项。 考点 : 考查部分倒装 4.Usually Beijing Roast Duck _____ together with special pancakes, green onions and sweet sauce. A.was served B.will serve C.is served D.served 【答案】C 【解析】考查时态和被动语态。句意:通常北京烤鸭配上特制的薄煎饼、青葱和甜酱。句子说的是一般情况,要用一般现在时态;句子主语Beijing Roast Duck是单数第三人称,和

英语被动语态用法总结(完整)

英语被动语态用法总结(完整) 一、单项选择被动语态 1.More than one worker ______ dismissed. A.have been B.are C.has been D.has 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 考查主谓一致和语态。句意:不止一个工人被解雇了。如果主语由"many a,more than one +单数名词"构成,尽管从意义上看是复数,但谓语动词仍用单数形式,故排除A和B,“工人”和“解雇”之间是被动关系,用被动语态,故选C。 2.________sco res of times, but Derek still couldn’t understand how to use past participle in a concrete situation. A.Having explained B.Having been explained C.Though it was explained D.It was explained 【答案】D 【解析】 因为有连词but,前面应是完整的句子,排除A,B; Though不能和but同时使用,所以选D。 3.—Have you heard about that school bus accident? —Yes, fortunately all on board including the driver ________. A.were saved B.was saved C.have saved D.has been saved 【答案】A 【解析】 考查动词时态和语态。句意为:——你有没有听说那起校车事故?——嗯,幸运的是,车上所有的人包括司机都获救了。由题干中的Have you heard...可知,事故发生在过去,且all 为主语,和save逻辑上构成被动关系,故用一般过去时的被动语态,故答案A符合语境。 4.The new library ________; it will be open next year. A.had been built B.was built C.was being built D.is being built 【答案】D 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意:图书馆正在建设中;明年开放。根据后面一句可推知,图书馆是正在建设中,所以要用进行时,图书馆是被建的,要用被动。所以本句要用现在进行时的被动语态。故选D。

【英语】历年全国高考英语被动语态试题汇总及答案

【英语】历年全国高考英语被动语态试题汇总及答案 一、单项选择被动语态 1.— Can we play basketball in the school gym? — No, it ______ during the summer holidays. A.is repaired B.is being repaired C.was repaired D.has been repaired 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 考查时态语态。句意:--我们可以在学校操场上打篮球吗?--不行,暑假期间操场正在被修葺。根据句意可知,这里是表示正在进行,所以要用现在进行时。主语it和动词之间是被动关系,所以要用被动语态。故选B。 2.Later Mrs Smith decided to buy that kind of cloth because she_________ that the cloth _________very well. A.has been told; washes B.had been told; washed C.was told; was washed D.had been told; was washed 【答案】B 【解析】 考查时态与感官动词。主句时态为过去时,而从句时态发生在主句之前,即过去的过去,故用过去完成时。像feel, smell, look, wash等表示感官的动词不用被动语态,直接用主动语态,结合前面时态可知,应选washed。句意: 随后史密斯夫人决定买那种布,因为有人告诉她那种布很好洗。故选B。 3.Now the world’s attention ________ the stocking markets, as they have great infl uence on the world’s economy. A.is fixing on B.is being fixed on C.has fixed on D.had been fixed on 【答案】B 【解析】考查时态语态。句意:现在世界关注的焦点都在股票市场上,因为它们对世界经济已经产生了很大的影响。 attention与focus之间为被动关系,Now提示用现在进行时。 4.Many artifacts ________ for the first time in the National Museum at present. A.were exhibited B.were being exhibited C.are being exhibited D.are exhibited 【答案】C 【解析】考查动词时态与语态。句意:许多史前古器物目前正在国家博物馆首次展出。根据时间状语“at present”可知,句子描述现在正在进行的动作,主语artifacts与谓语exhibit

【英语】高考英语被动语态试题(有答案和解析)及解析

【英语】高考英语被动语态试题(有答案和解析)及解析 一、单项选择被动语态 1.With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth ________ each year. A.is washing away B.is being washed away C.are washing away D.are being washed away 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 本题考查现在进行时的被动语态和主谓一致。解题步骤:1. 确定谓语单复数:根据quantity的用法,quantities of和a quantity of后面都可加不可数名词与可数名词复数,但它们作主语时,quantities of...后面的谓语动词用复数,而a quantity of...的谓语动词用单数,故排除A、D项。2. 确定第二空:随着森林的被毁,土壤正在被冲走,故应该用现在进行时的被动语态。句意:随着森林的被毁,大量的优质土壤每年都被冲走。综上,故选D项。 【名师点拨】 quantities of和a quantity of后面加可数名词复数,做主语时后面的谓语动词用复数形式;quantities of后面加不可数名词,做主语时后面的谓语动词用复数形式;a quantity of后面加不可数名词,做主语时后面的谓语动词用单数形式。https://www.sodocs.net/doc/b41124099.html,rge quantities of money have been sent there大量的钱已经被送到那里;A large quantity of money has been wasted.大量的钱已经被浪费;2.A large quantity of books have been offered to us.大量的书已经提供给我们; Quantities of nuts are on the table.大量的坚果在桌子上。 2.Our teacher keeps telling us that the future to the well-educated. A.belonging B.belongs C.is belonging D.is belonged 【答案】B 【解析】 考查短语:belong to 属于,没有进行时态没有被动语态。故答案选B。 3.You can’t move in rig ht now. The house _____ now. A.has painted B.is painted C.is being painted D.is painting 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 考查语态。句意:你现在不能搬进来,房子正在被粉刷。根据句意可知,此处应使用现在进行时的被动语态。故C选项正确。 4.The film “Schindler’s List”, was ________ by a real person, named Oskar Schindler

部编版2020高考英语现在完成时被动语态练习(含解析)

李仕才 1. No permission has for anybody to enter the building. A. been given B. given C. to give D. be giving 2. Until now, his homework has not finished. A. being B. be C. been D. to be 3. The window .You need not wash it again. A. is washed B. was washed C. has been washed D. will be washed 4. When and where to go for the on-salary holiday ________ yet. A. are not decided B. have not been decided C. is not being decided D. has not been decided 5. This is Ted’s p hone. We miss him a lot. He ___ trying to save a child in the earthquake. A. killed B. is killed C. was killed D. was killing 6. The manager entered the office and was happy to learn that four-fifths of the tickets ___. A. was booked B. had been booked C. were booked D. have been booked 7. While shopping, people sometimes can’t help ___ into buying so mething they don’t really need. A. to persuaded B. persuading C. being persuaded D. be persuaded 8. A new building ______ at t he other side of the street. Work started last yea r and the building is ex pected to open next year. A. is built B. is being built C. has built D. will be built 9. It is well-known to us that a lot of rivers ______ by the factories. A. are polluting B. have been polluti ng C. are being polluting D. are being polluted 10. —Have you moved into the new house? —Not yet. The rooms ______. A. are being painted B. are painting C. are painted D. are being painting 二、下列各句均有一处错误,请找出并改正过来。 1. I have a lot of homework to be done tonight. 2. Is your history teacher listened carefully in class? 3. Lei Feng’s name remembered by all Chinese people. 4. The music is sounded beautiful. 5. By who was this new educational CD-R OM designed?

相关主题