雅思阅读机经A类

年月日雅思阅读机经A类

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2

考试日期：2012年10月20日

Reading Passage 1

Title:Bondi beach 邦迪海滩

Question types:TRUE/FLASE/NOT GIVEN, Short Answer Questions 文章内容回顾邦迪海滩是澳大利亚的著名海滩

英文原文阅读Bondi Beach is about one kilometre long (≈0.6 miles) and receives many visitors throughout the year. Surf Life Saving Australia has given different hazard ratings to Bondi Beach in 2004. While the northern end has been rated a gentle 4 (with 10 as the most hazardous), the southern side is rated as a 7 due to a famous rip current known as the "Backpackers' Express" because of its proximity to the bus stop, and the unwillingness of tourists to walk the length of the beach to safer swimming. The south end of the beach is generally reserved for surfboard riding. Yellow and red flags define safe swimming areas, and visitors are advised to swim between them. There is an underwater shark net shared, during the summer months, with other beaches along the southern part of the coast. Pods of whales and dolphins have been sighted in the bay during the months of migration. Fairy penguins, while uncommon, are sometimes also seen swimming close to shore or amongst surfers in southern line-up.

In 2007, the Guinness World Record for the largest swimsuit photo shoot was set at Bondi Beach, with 1,010 women wearing bikinis taking part.

Bondi Beach was added to the Australian National Heritage List in 2008.

Sport and recreation

Bondi Beach is the end point of the City to Surf Fun Run which is held each year in August. The race attracts over 63,000 entrants who complete the 14 km run from the central business district of Sydney to Bondi Beach. Other annual activities at Bondi Beach include Flickerfest, Australia's premier international short film festival in January, World Environment Day in June, and Sculpture By The Sea in November. In addition to many activities, the Bondi Beach Markets is open every Sunday. Many Irish and British tourists spend Christmas Day at the beach.

An Oceanway connects Bondi to South Head to the north and other beaches to the south up to Coogee.

Bondi Beach hosted the beach volleyball competition at the 2000 Summer Olympics. A temporary 10,000-seat stadium, a much smaller stadium, 2 warm-up courts, and 3 training courts were set up to host the tournament.

Lifesaving clubs

Bondi Surf Bathers' Life Saving Club is the world's first surf lifesaving club and North Bondi Surf Lifesaving Club is a federation club. Both clubs were founded in

1907. Bondi members invented the surf reel and many other icons of lifesaving. Surf

Lifesavers from both clubs were involved in the largest rescue ever on a single day,

known as 'Black Sunday'. Bondi holds the most Australian Surf Lifesaving Championship

gold medals in R&R (rescue & resuscitation) and North Bondi hold the most gold medals

in March Past.

Bondi Icebergs

The Swimming Club's origin dates back to 1929 and owes its origins to the desire of

a band of dedicated local lifesavers who wished to maintain their fitness during the

winter months. They formed the Bondi Icebergs Winter Swimming Club and drew up a

constitution and elected office bearers. Included in the constitution was a rule that

to maintain membership it was mandatory that swimmers compete on three Sundays out

of four for a period of five years.

The Icebergs became licensed in 1960 and the members moved from a tin shed into

comfortable premises with Bar and Poker Machines. A further update took place in the

1970s enabling the Club to operate on two floors. In 1994, female members were admitted

and in 2002 the Club opened their new premises.

题型难度分析这两个题型都较容易，前面的判断题有五个题目，后面的简答题大概有三个。

题型技巧分析是非无判断题是雅思考试阅读的经典题型，虽然今年的题量相对减少，但是仍是复习备考时应关注的题型。

首先应该注意看清是TRUE还是YES, 本篇是TRUE FALSE NOT GIVEN

解题步骤：

1. 速读问题的句子，找出考点词（容易有问题的部分）。考点词：比较级，最高级，数据（时间），程度副词，特殊形容词，绝对化的词（only, most, each, any, every, the same as 等）

2. 排除考点词，在余下的词中找定位词，去原文定位。

3. 重点考察考点词是否有提及，是否正确。

TRUE的原则是同义替换，至少有一组近义词。

FALSE是题目和原文截然相反，不可共存，通常有至少一组反义词。

NOT GIVEN原文未提及，不做任何推断，尤其多考察题目的主语等名词在原文是否有提及。

剑桥雅思推荐原

文练习

机经：2011年8月20日的澳洲环保岛

Reading Passage 2

Title:改正错误

Question types:S ummary（有选项），填空题

文章内容回顾本文是关于教育类的，讲了老师的作用是让小孩犯错，说出错误让孩子改进，举了小孩玩积木

和古代奴隶小孩的例子。

英文原文阅读Mistakes Improve Children's Learning

Everyone makes mistakes and children are no exception. What's important is how we learn from them. Yet, children grow up in a society that pressures them to be perfect and intelligent - to achieve the highest SAT scores, land prized scholarships, and get into the best universities. Parents reinforce this pressure at home when they cover up children's mistakes, correct homework to improve grades, or drill knowledge into kids until they get it right. Stress is increased when children are constantly praised for their intelligence. How does this focus on perfection and IQ affect learning? And how can we help children and teens believe in themselves by accepting their mistakes and learning from them?

A recent Scientific American article, Getting it Wrong: Surprising Tips on How to Learn,supports a number of learning and developmental theories. Historically, many educators have created conditions for learning that do not encourage errors. And parents have followed suit. For example, if we drill children over and over again with the same math problem, they will eventually remember the answer. And if they are lucky, they will remember the answer on a standardized test.

This approach to learning assumes that if students are allowed to make mistakes, they will not learn the correct information. However, recent research shows this to be an incorrect assumption. In fact, studies have found that learning is enhanced when children make mistakes!

Whether it involves homework, developing friendships, or playing soccer, learning is enriched through error. Making mistakes is part of how kids are challenged to learn to do things differently. It motivates them to try new approaches.

Carol Dweck, a professor at Stanford University, studies the importance of challenging children, even if they get things wrong. Her research shows that praising children for their intelligence can actually make them less likely to persist in the face of challenge. She and her colleagues followed hundreds of 5th grade children in New York City schools. One group was praised for their intelligence while the other group was praised for their effort.

When the 5th graders were challenged with an extremely difficult test designed for 8th graders, a surprising result occurred. The students who had been praised for their effort worked very hard, even though they made a lot of mistakes. The kids praised for being smart became discouraged and saw their mistakes as a sign of failure. Intelligence testing for the kids praised for their effort increased by 30% while the kids praised for their intelligence dropped by 20%.

Dweck's work, described in the book MindSet: The New Psychology of Success reminds

parents that glowing, unconditional praise that masks errors and mistakes is harmful

to children's development. Being too quick with praise can be as detrimental as

correcting homework mistakes that would have provided opportunities for learning.

Children make many kinds of mistakes. Some mistakes, like forgetting a homework

assignment or not studying for an important test, have expected consequences. Others

like lying, cheating, or actions that negatively affect friendships, have more

complicated causes and are more complex to remedy. But all mistakes contain seeds of

learning.

Ten Parenting Guidelines that Help Kids Learn from Mistakes

Acknowledge that you don't expect your children to be perfect.

Let them know your love is unconditional, regardless of their mistakes or lapses in

judgment.

Don't rescue children from their mistakes. Instead, help them focus on the solution.

Provide examples of your own mistakes, the consequences, and how you learned from them.

Encourage them to take responsibility for their mistakes and not blame others.

Avoid pointing out their past mistakes. Instead, focus on the one at hand.

Praise them for their ability to admit their mistakes.

Praise them for their efforts and courage to overcome setbacks.

Mentor them on how to apologize when their mistakes have hurt others.

Help them look at the good side of getting things wrong!

题型难度分析

本文题型难度适中，第一种题型是文章摘要题，并且有选项，针对的是文章的前两段，后一种

是填空题，要求填一个单词，也是细节题。

题型技巧分析Summary题，有顺序原则。

先关注instruction字数限制，有些题目在字数限制前，还有段落限制，告诉考生这个题目是针对哪个段落的。

其次，通读summary, 并且划出关键词，主要包括名词，连接词，介词，不定冠词。

然后根据空格前后信息，预测空格上的单词（单复数，可数与否，词性，-ing, -ed, 固定搭配等）

如果是有选项的摘要题的话，还要通读选项。

同时注意无选项的文章摘要题，在写答案的时候，单词一定要是来自于文章中的。

剑桥雅思推荐原

文练习

机经：2010年11月20日的儿童识别错误Reading Passage 3

Title:欧洲祖先的生活环境

Question types:段落配标题，配对，填空，选择题（考查主旨）

文章内容回顾

讲过去欧洲祖先的生活环境，极地的民族用火，用动物皮什么的，有一个cave, 科技的演化，

火，在5个不同地方的区别。

题型难度分析这篇文章的题型较多，段落配标题和配对相对较难，填空题较容易

题型技巧分析选择题的做题步骤

一、阅读指令 (Instruction)

这一步骤主要是针对多项选择而言的。单项选择题的指令没有什么作用，而在多项选择题中，指令中会提示正确选项的数量。在誊写答题卡的时候，一定要注意多项选择题的题号，一个正确选项占用一个题号。这一点对于初次接触雅思的考生来说要特别引起注意。

二、阅读题干，划出定位词

由于选择题考察细节的特点，故题干中的词往往能够提供定位

三、阅读选项，划出核心词

在寻找正确答案之前，一定要事先通读选项，因为选项提供了对原文正确或者是错误的同义转换。但是由于选项较长，不可能一次性全部记住，所以有必要把选项里的核心词划出来，这样可以减轻记忆负担，并且更加有针对性地做题。

四、找到相关句子段落，摆脱干扰找到答案

这是做题的最后一个步骤，也是最重要的步骤。由于选择项的干扰性往往很强，所以对找到的相关句子或段落一定要进行仔细阅读，排除错误选项。甄别干扰项这一步骤是考生解题的关键，很多考生在往往对几个选项犹豫不决，经常跳进题目的陷阱。一般说来，干扰项有如下几个类别：

1、数字陷阱

选择题的特点便是选项进行深度的同义转换。但是如果个别选项中出现了数字，往往意味着这个数字直接来源于文章，没有进行任何同义替换。这种干扰选项对于根本读不懂原文的考生有着致命的诱惑力，因为只有数字是熟悉的，其它的单词都读不懂。数字选项中，数字在文章中都有提及，但经常是通过移花接木的形式出现的，以干扰考生的注意力。

2、相似陷阱

同理，如果题目中出现的个别单词与原文中的用词一模一样，尤其是一些经常被同义替换掉的动词、形容词等，这个选项往往就是干扰选项。

3、偷换概念陷阱

有时候选项中虽然与文中有对应的词，但选项中偷换了关键性的成分（如谓语部分），使得答案错误。

4、搭配不当陷阱

这是最具有诱惑性的选项。这种选项的特点是：选项本身是正确的，但是跟题干却不能形成搭配关系。很多考生看到选项和原文内容相似，甚至还有同义转换，便毫不犹豫地选择了这样的干扰项。

剑桥雅思推荐原

文练习

机经：2009年10月11日远古人类的住宿环境

2012.9.1雅思阅读机经

2012年9月1日的雅思考试过后，环球雅思也在第一时间整理了完整的2012年9月1日雅思阅读机经，在此次的雅思阅读考试的三篇文章中，其中比较典型的几个题型的TRUE\FALSE\NOT GIVEN、Complete table、多选题、Sentence completion的出题比例依旧比较稳定，可以看到判断TRUE\FALSE\NOT GIVEN还是2012年9月1日雅思阅读机经中的重头戏。 考试日期：2012年9月1日 Reading Passage 1 Title:Man and Machine Question types:段落细节信息配对题填空题summary 文章内容 回顾 关于机器人的，MIT和日本的一些研究 英文原文阅读Types of Robots Humanoid Entertainment Robots ASIMO, manufactured by Honda QRIO, by Sony HOAP(*1) Robot Series (Humanoid for Open Architecture Platform), Manufactured by Fujitsu Toyota Partner Robot, manufactured by Toyota. EMIEW, by Hitachi

Androids Androids are robots designed to strongly resemble humans. Actroid, a realistic female robot demonstrated most prominently at Expo 2005 in Japan Hanako, a humanoid robot designed for dentist training HRP-4C, a humanoid robot with a realistic head and the average figure of a young Japanese female Animal (four legged) robots Aibo playing with kids AIBO is a commercial robotic dog manufactured by Sony Electronics. Social robots PaPeRo Paro, a robot baby seal intended for therapeutic purposes Wakamaru Guard robots Guardrobo D1 is manufactured by Sohgo Security Services. Banryu, manufactured by Sanyo and TMSUK. Domestic robots SmartPal V, manufactured by Yaskawa Electric

2019-2020-雅思阅读同义词替换(剑八TEST 3)-实用word文档 (2页)

2019-2020-雅思阅读同义词替换(剑八TEST 3)-实用word文档 本文部分内容来自网络整理，本司不为其真实性负责，如有异议或侵权请及时联系，本司将立即删除！ == 本文为word格式，下载后可方便编辑和修改！ == 雅思阅读同义词替换(剑八TEST 3) 雅思阅读同义词替换 Cambridge 8 TEST 3 1. building = property = construction n .建筑 2. support = back = be behind = in support of = back somebody up v .支持 3. financial support = fund = financial aid 资助 4. stumbling block = difficulty = trouble n .麻烦 5. create = generate = form = produce v .形成 6. direct = guide = lead = instruct = give order / instruction v .指导 7. beam = laser = ray = glow = glare n .光线，激光 8. aim = direct at = purpose = point = idea = objective = goal = target n .目的 9. test in real = field test 实地测试 10. genius = giftedness / talent / intellectual = intelligence = brains = brilliant = wisdom n .天才 11. inherit = run in family = receive = get = be given = be awarded v .继承 12. talent = prodigy = skill = ability = craftsmanship = flair = have a knack = a natural ability to do something well n .才能，技能 13. lessen = minimize = subside = lighten = relieve = ease = allay v .减少

雅思阅读机经类5

雅思阅读机经类5

考试日期： 8月25日 Reading Passage 1 Title: Dirty But Clean River ---(FLOOD) Question types: TRUE\FALSE\NOT GIVEN 9题 Complete table 5题 文章内容回顾flood对生态群系的重要性，但某处flood愈发减少以致人们不得不模拟flood。 问flood or fire对森林更有害，后面问自从1663年t鱼就开始减少，还有flood最多可到3500每秒，1996的人造flood开始被认为成功了，cube鱼的减少是因为t鱼的引入，人造flood比天然的大，以前flood含有干净的水。 题型难度分析难度偏低，本文只有两种题型，且都是有顺序的题目，降低了做题难度。是非无判断的题量较大，在一定程度上降低了定位的难度。在表格填空题中，还有两道是时间（数字）的定位，难度降低。 题型技巧分析是非无判断题： 解题思路： 1. 关键词定位到原文中与题目出现重复的段落 2. 判断方式不包含任何逻辑推理 TRUE: 是原文中同义近义改写 FALSE: 对于原文信息的直接改写 NOT GIVEN: 原文没有信息，或经过原文信息不能直接推理出来3. 书写应该规范，大写全拼 剑桥雅思推荐原文练习剑桥5-3-2 Disappearing Delta 话题相似剑桥6-2-3 题型相似 Reading Passage 2 Title: graffiti（涂鸦） Question types: Which paragraph contains the following information? 5题连续两个5选2 （4题） Sentence completion 4题 文章内容回顾 graffiti（涂鸦）是艺术还是犯罪，主要讲各种去除涂鸦的方法，不足之处和注意事项 等。 英文原文阅读Graffiti (singular: graffito; the plural is used as a mass noun) is writing or drawings scribbled, scratched, or sprayed illicitly on a wall or other surface in a public place. Stickers and other adhesives are not considered graffiti, apparently because they are less common. Graffiti ranges from simple written words to elaborate wall paintings, and has existed since ancient times, with examples dating back to Ancient Greece and the Roman Empire.[2] In modern times, paint, particularly spray paint, and marker pens have become

雅思阅读技巧专题介绍

雅思阅读技巧赵曙明 (华师7分精品班) 一．雅思阅读猜词常用词缀（在我的信箱里） 常用前缀（Pr efixes）: a-, an- not, without, hackin ultra- beyond, excessive, extreme 常用词根（Stems）: -anthro-, -anthropo- man -metr-, -meter- measure -morph- form -pathy- feeling, suffering 常用后缀（Suffixes）: ---phobia , ---mania , scope, ----cide 二．雅思阅读技巧篇 第1节寻找3种语言重现 同其他考试的阅读部分相比，雅思考试阅读部分最大的特点是文章篇幅长。考生要在 一个小时内完成8种类型共计40道题目(这个要求近乎苛刻)。因此，阅读目的就从单纯的“信息获取’’转变成”寻找答案”。在这个过程中，原文涉及的大部分细节内容对于完成题目是无意义的，无需字斟句酌。只有在阅读中准确把握题干的关键词，才能区分哪些字句与题目(答题点)有关。 所谓“关键词’’是指题干中的核心词或者决定答案性质或位置的词。典型的关键词是 句子的主干、人名、地名、时间、数字和生词。由于它们会在原文重现，因此产生了一种答 题方法：回原文找关键词。这往往给考生一种印象：只要在题干中划出关键词就一定能找到原词。那么关键词一定会“原型”重现吗?请看下面这道判断题： Example: While it is acknowledged for many years that an increasing number of animals are bound to become extinct，it is only recently that the problem has been addressed by politicians． 题目: We have known for along time that more species of animals will disappear．(判断题) AA语言重现 关键词在原文中以原词形式出现。AA语言重现在试题中占的比例最大，也是最简单的 一类考法。它以特殊关键词为主，包括人名、地名、时间、数字和生词。 Example: At precisely 4:20 am on Friday the 24th of September 1993 it was announced that Sydney had beaten five other competing cities around the world，and Australians everywhere，not only Sydney-siders，were justifiably proud of the result．But，if Sydney had lost the bid，would the taxpayers of NESW and of Australia have approved of government's spending millions of dollars in a failed and costly exercise? 题目：How many cities were competing in 1993 for the right to hold the 2000 Games? (简答题) AB语言重现 定义：关键词A在原文中以同义词B的形式出现。AB语言重现题考察考生的单词量，主要凭理解力去定位。 Sea fishing grew rapidly in the decades after the Second World War. Mechanisation increased the fishermen's catch in traditional grounds and then carried them to distant waters for more. 题目: Technological developments contributed to the higher fish catches after the Second World War. ( 判断题) 关系重现 定义：所谓“关系重现”是把定位对象从“词”上升到“句子结构”，从而越过生词造成的阅读障碍。这是最关键的一类语言重现，是阅读技巧的完美体现。 例：Paper is also biodegradable, so it does not pose as much threat to the environment when it is discarded.

雅思阅读机经词汇-雅思阅读必备词汇

雅思阅读高频词汇 雅思阅读高频词汇表（一）138个 accessible 易于得到的accompany 伴随accurate准确的activate 使活动，刺激adapt 适应adequate充足的affect 影响 alter 改变altitude 高地analyse 分析 anticipate预感，预期apparent明显的approach接近，方法appropriate 恰当的arise 出现，升起 arrange 整理，安排artificial 人造的assess 估计，评定assign指派，指定 attribute 把..归因于，属性authority 权力 available 可用的behave 举止，表现breed 繁殖，引起budget 预算 bully 恐吓burst 爆炸calendar 日历campaign 运动capable 能够的 capacity 容量capture 捕获cargo 货物 chronic 慢性的circumstance 环境，遭遇civil 文明的，民事的，国民的code 代码，法典communal 公用 的community 社会，社区component 元件constant 不断的，永恒的consult 商量，咨询contrast对比core 核心 corporate 全体的，社团的counterpart 与对方地位相当的 人 cure治愈curriculum 课程deduce 演绎，推断depict 描绘derive 得到，起源于 descend 下降，传下来despite 尽管，轻蔑discipline 训练，处罚，纪律distribute 分发dramatic 戏剧的，引人注目的 dynamic 动态的，有生气的ease 安逸，缓和efficient 有能力的element 要素 eliminate 消灭emphasize 强调engage 从事，占用enhance 提高entitle 给予权利，给题名 equivalent 相等的，等价物 evaluate 评价exceed 超过expand 扩张，延伸expose 暴露，揭露external 外面的extract 提 取，摘录 faculty 能力，院系，全体教职员forage 到处搜寻foundation 创办，基础fragile脆弱的fundamental 基本的

10月24 号最新雅思阅读机经

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1800-1900 木材的替代品是1800年代发展起来的。纸浆木或纸张6.pulped wood or paper混合而成的合成物被用来制造娃娃的头和身体。 Mid of the 19th 19世纪40年代，德国，法国和丹麦开始制造瓷质娃娃头。19世纪60年代，陶制bisque娃娃取代了7.china娃娃头。 8-13 True/False/Not Given 8. 法国的dolls比德国的bisque dolls more costly—TRUE 9. The first rag doll 是在1850s制造出来的—NOT GIVEN 10. 赛璐璐celluloid娃娃容易掉色easily fade away—TRUE 11. only开头的判断题—FALSE 12. plastic与此前的材料resembled但是can last a longer time—TRUE 13. 待补充 Passage 2： 题目：Stress Level 内容：人类压力 题型：配对题5+选择题3+单选题6 参考文章(仅供参考)： Stress of Workplace A How busy is too busy? For some it means having to miss the occasional long lunch; for others it means missing lunch altogether. For a few, it is not being able to take a "sickie" (病假) once a month. Then there is a group of people for whom working every evening and weekend is normal, and frantic is the tempo of their lives. For most senior executives, workloads swing between extremely busy and frenzied. The vice-president of the management consultancy AT Kearney and its head of telecommunications for the Asia-Pacific region, Neil Plumridge, says his work weeks vary from a "manageable" 45 hours to 80 hours, but average 60 hours. B Three warning signs alert Plumridge about his workload: sleep, scheduling and family. He knows he has too much on when he gets less than six hours of sleep for three consecutive nights;

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1.题型：按照考试顺序来说吧。 (1)雅思考试分为听力、阅读、写作和口语四部分。听力有四个section，分别为两个对话，两个独白，每个section只读一遍，难度依次递增。考试时间为半个小时，有单独的10分钟作为将答案誊写在答题纸上的时间，即一共40分钟。 (2)阅读有三篇文章，考试时间为一个小时，没有专门誊写答案时间。 (3)写作分为两个task，task1是小作文，要求考生根据题目所给出的图示写一篇描述性的文章，150字左右，task2是大作文，题目给出一个论题，要求考生根据题目要求写一篇论属性的文章，250字左右，考试时间一个小时。 (4)口语跟其他三项考试不在一个时间，具体时间安排会在报名网站上登录后的“我的状态”中公布，公布时间大约在笔试时间的前两天。考试的时候是一对一与考官交流，问题包括对自己的介绍，相关的热门话题等等，可以经常登录环球雅思王陆老师的博客看看最新的口语预测，非常准，我13号考试的所有题目都囊括在她的预测之中。 2.复习的时候主要在作文和口语，据我所知，雅思考试中一般听力和阅读分数要高于作文和口语的分数，而雅思考试的总成绩是按照4项成绩的均分计算的（也不完全是平均分，简单举个例子说明，比如说平均分5，25，那你最后的成绩应该是5.5；平均分5.75，最后成绩是6），所以这两项很容易拉分，应该多注意复习。 3.一套雅思试题，这个直接给你粘过来不太容易，因为网上有的全都是pdf文件格式，直接用粘贴的会有很多错误，雅思真题只有两个途径可以获得。 一是买剑桥雅思系列，现在一共有1-6册，全部都是考过的真题，很权威，是考雅思的必做书目，非常重要！！！二是到各大雅思论坛上下载剑桥雅思系列，都是pdf文件，还可以省下买书钱，就是做题时候费点劲，或者你也可以打印。近期的就是剑桥雅思6了。貌似有人说已经出7了，我是9月13号考的，我考以前还没出，所以不知道是不是真的。 出名的雅思论坛有（而且非常有帮助的）3g雅思论坛，无忧雅思论坛，在百度上输入搜索一下就可以了。 4.现在还有一个月时间考试，最主要的就是做剑桥雅思系列，熟悉题型，剑桥5和6最接近现在考试的方向，所以重点也在这两本，要把它认真研究，前面的1-4就要用作练习材料，练习作提的熟练度。 5.雅思5.5的水平真的很容易得，应该有4级水平就差不多了，高中生也差不多能拿到， 6.5是六级水平。这里再详细说明一下，以阅读为例，一共40个题，对22-26个就差不多是5.5.

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雅思阅读机经

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to revolve and it gave Hargreaves the idea that a whole line of spindles could be worked off one wheel. In 1764 Hargreaves built what became known as the Spinning-Jenny. The machine used eight spindles onto which the thread was spun from a corresponding set of rovings. By turning a single wheel, the operator could now spin eight threads at once. Later, improvements were made that enabled the number to be increased to eighty. The thread that the machine produced was coarse and lacked strength, making it suitable only for the filling of weft, the threads woven across the warp. Hargreaves did not apply for a patent for his Spinning Jenny until 1770 and therefore others copied his ideas without paying him any money. It is estimated that by the time James Hargreaves died in 1778, over 20,000 Spinning-Jenny machines were being used in Britain. James Hargreaves was born near Blackburn in about 1720. Hargreaves received no formal education and was unable to read or write. He worked as a carpenter and weaver but had a strong interest in engineering. By the 1760s Hargreaves was living in the village of Stanhill and was one of the many weavers who owned his own spinning wheel and loom. It is claimed that one day his daughter Jenny accidentally knocked over over the family spinning wheel. The spindle continued to revolve and it gave Hargreaves the idea that a whole line of spindles could be worked off one wheel. In 1764 Hargreaves built what became known as the Spinning-Jenny. The machine used eight spindles onto which the thread was spun from a corresponding set of rovings. By turning a single wheel, the operator could now spin eight threads at once. The thread that the machine produced was coarse and lacked strength, making it suitable only for the filling of weft, the threads woven across the warp. Originally Hargreaves produced the machine for family use but when he began to sell the machines, spinners from Lancashire, fearing the possibility of cheaper competition, marched on his house and destroyed his equipment. Hargreaves did not apply for a patent for his Spinning Jenny until 1770 and therefore others copied his ideas without paying him any money. Hargreaves moved to Nottingham where he erected a small spinning-mill. Others began to make improvements to the Spinning-Jenny and the number of threads was increased from eight to eighty. By the time James Hargreaves died in 1778, over 20,000 Spinning-Jenny machines were being used in Britain. Passage 2:

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22 walking 23-26人名配理论23 C24 B25 A26 A (答案仅供参考) Passage 3： 题名：Does class size matter? 题型：段落信息匹配5+分类配对9 文章大意：待补充 答案：27-31 段落信息匹配27 D28 E29 A30 C 31 B 32-40 Classification32 A33 C34 B35 C36 A37 C38 A39 B40 A (目前无明确回忆，答案仅供参考) B卷Passage 1： 题目：The History of building telegraph lines 题型：判断6+简答7 文章大意：电报的发展史 相似文章： A The idea of electrical communication seems to have begun as long ago as 1746, when about 200 monks at monastery in Paris arranged themselves in a line over a mile long, each holding ends of 25 ft iron wires. The abbot, also a scientist, discharged a primitive electrical battery into the wire, giving all the monks a simultaneous electrical shock. “This

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