口译教程9

Module 9 Interpreter’s professional code of conduct

I Theory and skills

口译是集知识与技能、脑力与体力为一体的工作。口译是一种服务，既然是服务，就有好坏优劣之分。译员作为这种服务的提供者，主观上自然愿意为社会提供最优质的服务，并期待在此过程中，体现自我价值，得到相应的回报。然而，各方沟通不够、产生认识差距，或者译员行为失范，都可能导致交际受损甚至失败。为了促进行业的健康发展，社会需要加深对口译工作性质的认识，更重要的是译员要加强自律，了解并严格遵守口译的职业道德规范。

除了口译界普遍认同的《国际会议口译工作者协会关于职业道德准则的规定》外，世界各国如澳大利亚、英国、法国各国也制定了各自的职业道德准则。经国家标准化管理委员会批准，中国于2004年6月起开始实施《翻译服务规范?第一部分笔译》（Specification for Translation Service Part 1: Translation），以规范翻译企业的服务。相信随着中国口译市场的不断发展，关于口译部分的服务规范也将问世。

在参照国外多版本的口译职业道德准则的基础上，我们认为要成为合格的译员，树立良好的职业形象，至少要遵守以下几条准则：

?量力而行，有所为有所不为。不承担超出自己能力范围的口译工作，即便对方提出的报酬非常诱人。

?保证质量。译员在翻译过程中，要全面、准确、清楚地表述和传达发言人的信息、意愿和情感。如出现漏译和误译，应酌情给予纠正和补救。

?保持中立，不对发言人、发言内容和表达的观点进行任何评论。

?坚持操守，秉公办事。译员不应借助或利用口译工作与他人接触的机会或其他有利条件谋取私利。

?口译过程中应精神饱满，保持最佳的工作状态。同时要有良好的心态和足够的耐心，不论出现何种情况，应避免与发言人和听众当面发生冲突或争执。

?信守和约，保守机密。译员应严格遵守与组织者或客户事前签定的服务合同或口头达成的约定，并在必要时提醒对方遵守。如果出现问题，应及时与组织者沟通。译

员有责任替服务对象保守机密，不得向外部透露翻译内容。在服务对象要求译员签

署保密协定时，译员不应拒绝。

?没有组织者的同意，不得将其交给自己的口译任务私自转给他人。

II Skills practices

Teaching tips: Interpreters, in-house, freelance or part-time, are service providers and they need to discipline themselves to make sure the service they offer is of high quality and up to the expectations of clients. The guidelines and principles laid down in Section 1 are a summary of our experience working as interpreters with reference to some codes of ethics or codes of conduct for interpreters in some countries such as Britain and Australia. The teacher may invite one or two practicing interpreters in their own localities to give lectures on codes of ethics as well as on how to build up an interpreting career covered in Section 3. In the meantime, the teacher can share his experience in this area with his students.

9.1 Hackers attack Macintosh OS X operating system

词汇与短语

Hacker 黑客

operating system 操作系统

anti-virus software 杀病毒软件

Symantec Corp. 赛门铁克公司

safe haven 安全避难处

malicious code 恶意代码

vulnerability 漏洞

Mac mini 迷你Mac(苹果机)

display 显示器

keyboard 键盘

security-savvy users 安全意识高的用户

patch 补丁

glitch 缺陷

Many users of Apple Computer’s Macintosh OS X operating system believe that the Mac platform is virtually immune to attack. But a recent report from anti-virus software vendor Symantec Corp. shows that contrary to popular belief, hacker attacks on the system are on the rise. It is no longer a safe haven for malicious code and is increasingly becoming a target for the malicious activity that is more commonly associated with Microsoft and various Unix-based operating systems. //

While Microsoft’s Windows operating system runs on more than 90 percent of the world’s personal computers, the Macintosh operating system, the current version of which is based on the Unix operating system, has less than 5 percent of the global market for computer operating systems. It is true that all the platforms have vulnerabilities –weaknesses that leave the system open to malicious software attacks. But why is it that Mac, with such a small market share, has become a target? //

According to Symantec, Apple’s recent introduction of the Mac mini, a computer sold at the price of USD500 without a display, keyboard or mouse could actually increase the likelihood of more malicious software computer code targeting the Mac platform. “The market penetration of Macintosh platforms will be accelerated by the much lower priced Mac mini, which may be purchased by less security-savvy users. As a result, the number of vulnerabilities can be expected to increase, as will malicious activity that targets them,”the report says. //

Symantec says in 2004 it documented 37 high-vulnerabilities in Mac OS X. They have been confirmed by the vendor, which, in the Apple case, almost always means that the company has released a patch –a small piece of software designed to shore up a vulnerability or to fix other software glitches. //

III Interpreting practice

Instruction: familiarize yourself with the following words and phrases before you start to interpret at the end of each segment.

9.2实施探月工程对我国科技和经济发展的意义

词汇与短语

载人航天launch of a manned spaceship

深空探测deep-space exploration

月球基地lunar base

月壤lunar soil

氦—3 helium-3

核聚变燃料nuclear fusion fuel

航天技术aerospace technology

空间科学space science

光电技术photo-electricity technology

天文学astronomy

占有一席之地have a niche, to become a player

大家知道，发射人造地球卫星、载人航天和深空探测是人类航天活动的三大领域。美国人1969年7月登上月球，实现了月球行走后，月球探测就由于种种原因停了下来。现在，重返月球，开发月球资源，建立月球基地又成为世界航天活动的必然趋势和竞争热点。我国在发展人造地球卫星和实施载人航天工程之后，适时开展以月球探测为主的深空探测是我国航天活动的必然选择。//

月球已成为未来航天大国争夺战略资源的焦点。月球具有可供人类开发和利用的各种独特资源，月球上特有的矿产和能源，是对地球资源的重要补充和储备，将对人类社会的可持续发展产生深远影响。月壤中特有的氦—3资源是人类未来可长期使用的清洁、高效、安全而廉价的新型核聚变燃料，并将改变人类社会的能源结构。每一克黄金11美元，而每一克氦—3是400美元。//

进入21世纪，世界各国对月球资源的兴趣将越来越浓。开展月球探测，将提高我国认识月球，开发利用月球资源的能力。另外，开展月球探测有利于提高我国航天技术水平，推动空间科学和空间应用的发展。月球探测将成为我国空间科学和空间技术发展的第三个里程碑。//

月球探测是航天技术的一次飞跃，是新的科技创新点，有利于推动科教兴国方针的贯彻实施，将促进和提高高新技术的全面发展，特别是航天、信息、光电技术及空间应用的发展，并推动空间科学、天文学、生命科学和材料科学等基础科学的创新和发展。当前，正值国际上重返月球计划尚未全面开展之际，我们必须抓住机遇，尽快开展我国月球探测工程，确保我国在国际月球探测活动中占有一席之地。//

IV Self-study material

9.3 Embryonic stem-cell research

The United States is in the midst of a gold rush over human-embryo research. The recently passed California’s Proposition 71 affirmed research cloning and committed $ 3 billion for stem-cell work. New Jersey became the second state to support embryo creation for research as part of its more modest stem-cell initiative. Now numerous other states, including Massachusetts, Maryland, and Wisconsin, are jumping in with proposals to similarly fund cloning for research, also called somatic cell nuclear transfer, or SCNT. Compared with most other countries, the United States has become the Wild West, with lots of private and public money looking toward human benefit and hefty economic returns. //

This is happening against the background of a resounding but non-binding vote recently by the United Nations calling on all governments to ban the cloning of human embryos for any purpose. This call echoes a raft of legislation by individual nations. A Swiss law that took effect earlier this month is typical of laws in most European countries. It bans embryo creation outright. That is, it forbids scientists from creating human research embryos by any means, including cloning, fertilizing eggs, or making chimeras-hybrid embryos of humans and animals. Scientists are allowed to work with spare embryos left over from in vitro fertilization, but that must be authorized by the state. Violators face hefty fines and jail sentences. Britain and Belgium allow embryo creation for research but don’t make it easy. Britain has an independent embryo authority to scrutinize and monitor all projects and has issued only two cloning licenses since 2001. //

In the United States, Congress has tried but failed to pass legislation largely because of irreconcilable differences over when life begins. Both Presidents Bill Clinton and George W. Bush banned the National Institutes of Health on ethical grounds from funding the creation of human research embryos, although their orders apply only to federally funded work. In 2001, Bush additionally narrowed NIH research to embryonic stem cells already harvested from spare IVF embryos. These restrictions triggered an outpouring of private and state funding, and the dramatic Proposition 71. Meanwhile, Bush pushed NIH funding of adult stem cells, which are not ethically challenged and are proving, unexpectedly, to be almost as versatile as embryonic cells. //

A national effort to develop legally enforceable guidelines to oversee human-embryo research is urgently needed. And the rules must be clear, transparent to the public, and apply to all. The outcome might be one that allows for regulated embryo creation as in Britain or bans it for now as in most other countries. Doing nothing will keep stem-cell biology wealthy for a while, but science unregulated and mired in controversy will be damaging in the long run. //

《口译教程》参考译文-10

Lesson 10 10.3 中与欧盟的关系 女士们、先生们、朋友们： 今天，我很荣幸给大家介绍欧盟的一些情况以及欧盟与中国的关系。 欧盟全称为欧洲联盟，是在欧洲共同体基础上由25个（27）独立的国家组成的，目的是为了加强政治、经济和社会合作。原来称“欧共体”或“欧洲经济共同体”。 目前的25个成员国是奥地利、比利时、丹麦、芬兰、法国、希腊、爱尔兰、意大利、卢森堡、荷兰、葡萄牙、西班牙、瑞典、英国、塞浦路斯（希腊部分）、捷克共和国、爱沙尼亚、匈牙利、拉脱维亚、立陶宛、马耳他、欧兰、斯洛伐克、斯洛文尼亚。 欧盟25国总面积400万平方公里，接近半个中国的面积。总人口数为4.544亿，排行第三，仅次于中国和印度，约占世界总人口的7%。 欧盟统一货币为欧元，2002年1月1日正式启用。到目前为止，已经有12个欧盟成员国用欧元取代其本国货币。统一货币使人们出门旅行、对比价格更为容易，它还为欧洲的商业往来、刺激增长与竞争创造了一个稳定的环境。 到目前为止，欧盟的国内生产总值逾10万亿美元。作为一个整体，这个规模与它的主要竞争对手美国差不多。经济总量和贸易总额分别占全球25%和35%。 欧盟与中国关系十分友好。今年5月欧盟与中国就建交30周年了。去年，欧盟与中国的进出口贸易总额达到2，000亿欧元。德国是中国最大的贸易伙伴，英国、荷兰名列第二和第三。 欧盟正抓住当前大好的历史机遇——团结曾经分裂的欧洲大陆，创造一个和平、稳定、民主的欧洲。*** 这次欧盟的扩大还将创造一个几乎拥有5亿消费者的统一市场，这个市场饱含经济增长和不断繁荣的极大潜力。 我的话讲完了，谢谢大家！

10.4 中国与东盟的关系 A: Excuse me, could you tell me when ASEAN was established? And how many member countries does it have now? B: 东盟于1967年8月8日成立，目前有10个成员国，它们是：文莱、柬埔寨、印度尼西亚、老挝、马来西亚、缅甸、菲律宾、泰国、新加坡和越南。 A: Besides these 10 member countries, ASEAN also always holds the 10+1, 10+3 meetings. Does it mean that ASEAN has some dialogue partners? B: 是的。东盟有10个对话伙伴，它们是澳大利亚、加拿大、中国、欧盟、印度、日本、俄罗斯、新西兰、韩国和美国。 A：What is the area that ASEAN covers? How man languages are spoken in this region? What is the total population? B: 东盟地区面积大约有450万平方公里，有14中官方语言和7种宗教。人口总数在2000年有5.12亿。 A: 4.5 million square kilometers is about half of China’s territory, such a big regional organization neighboring China. How is the relationship between ASEAN and China now? B：东盟不仅在区域上面积广大，在经济、政治、科技上也是一个举足轻重的地区。所有的东盟成员国都是中国的友好近邻。自从上世纪90年代以来，中国与东盟的关系一直很好，政治联系日益密切。 A：Can you give some data? B: 在中国与东盟的关系中，经贸、科技方面的合作是基本的组成部分。1994年的贸易总额从120亿增加到235亿美元，其中中国出口额109.2亿美元，进口123.6亿美元。双方的相互投资过去几年也不断增加。东盟在劳务合作和项目建设方面已经成为中国的重要市场。中国和东盟已经同意用8年的时间创建世界人口最密集的自由贸易区。 A：The relationship is very good economically, but how about

口译教程部分答案

2.2 Why do we have eyebrows? Those tiny, little hairs above our eyes that many women either pluck, paint, pierce or tattoo play a very important role in keeping moisture out of our eyes. Just like an umbrella keeps our bodies dry from the rain, our hairy eyebrows keep our eyes dry from rain or sweat. When it's pouring rain outside or when sweat drips down from our foreheads, our eyebrows divert the flow of water or sweat away from our eyes. Our arch-shaped eyebrows angle the rain or sweat around to the side of our faces--leaving our eyes fairly dry. By catching the water or sweat, our eyebrows not only allow us to see more clearly, but also keep salty sweat from burning or irritating our eyes. Eyebrows have other roles also. As one of our most expressive facial features, eyebrows help us determine how people are feeling without ever really asking them. If a person's eyebrows are frowning, chances are they are mad or upset. In addition, eyebrows have an increasing impact on our beauty or fashion culture over the years. Thick, hairy and big eyebrows tend to be characterized as unattractive while thin and plucked eyebrows are said to be more attractive. 3.1Hotels in China Hotels in China are classified into first class, second class and third class based on their star-rating. Five-star and most four-star hotels are in the first class. Guest rooms in first class hotels all have fully-fitted bathrooms, refrigerators, telephones and satellite TV. They have fully adjustable climate control through central air-conditioning facilities. Other ancillary facilities provided by these hotels include such things as business centres, conference facilities, beauty parlours, saunas, foreign exchange, bowling centers, disco-ballrooms, swimming pools, gymnasiums, restaurants, cafes, shopping centers and bars which are open 24 hours a day. The second class generally includes three-star hotels and some two-star ones. Guest room facilities and services are not up to the standard of those in first class hotels. Tour groups normally prefer to stay in second class hotels. Third class hotels are much like motels in Western counties in terms of facilities and services. Hardware facilities in such hotels are of course inferior to those provided by second class hotels, but they offer prices 50% or more below those of second class hotels. As a result, they are popular with many tourists. 5.1 What makes a good conversation? Recently, a friend phoned me. She’s one of those people who could talk under wet cement. I've discovered that I can even put the phone down and attend to something in another room while she's talking and she doesn’t even notice. A second friend phoned me that night. I was very tired, but I soon forgot my weariness as we animatedly shared our opinions, beliefs and personal experiences. Time flew, and as I went to bed very late that night, I thought, “Now, that was a really good conversation!” It occurred to me that it might be an interesting topic to research for my speech tonight. So I asked some of my friends what they thought made a good conversation. They had different suggestions, but all agreed on three main points: mutual interest, give and take, trust. Let's look at the first one: mutual interest. A conversation has to be of interest to all concerned. As one friend suggested, a good conversation is when two or more people voluntarily explore the topic. But how can we be sure that we are not boring others? We need to be sensitive to the cues

口译基础教程对话练习答案 仲伟合

Unit 1 李颖：We are going to ascend the great wall tomorrow morning. So I’d like to go to bed early and have a good sleep this evening. You know climbing the great wall is not an easy job. 明天早上我们计划去爬长城，所以我想今晚早点休息，好好睡一觉。你知道爬长城可不是一件简单的事情。 Jack: Great. The Great Wall is very famous and becomes a must for tourist in Beijing. Would you tell me something about it? 好啊。长城那么有名，是游客来北京必去的景点。你能和我说一说长城么？ 李颖：OK. The construction of the great wall took altogether over 2000years.it started in the Zhou dynasty in the 7th century. B.C. And continued until Ming Dynasty in the 15th century A.D. The existing wall was built in the Ming Dynasty. 好。长城的整个建筑过程持续了总共两千多年，始于公元七世纪的周朝，后来一直延续到公元后十五世纪的明朝。现存的城墙都是明朝修建的。 Jack: The Great Wall is indeed the crystallization of the industry and wisdom of the Chinese people and also a symbol of ancient Chinese culture. Then why the ancient people built the wall? 长城的确是中国人民勤劳智慧的结晶，同时也是中国古代文化的象征.那么为什么古代人民要修建长城呢？ 李颖：It was constructed to guard against the invasion by nomadic tribes from the north. When enemy troops approached, guards on watch would send smoke signals from the beacon-fire towers as an alarm. 修建长城是为了抵御来自北方游牧民族的入侵。敌军逼近时，放哨的警卫就会在烽火台上发送烟雾信号作为警报。 Jack: How did they manage to do so? Can you be more specific? 他们怎么发送烟雾信号作为警报呢？你能说的具体点么？ 李颖：Those towers on the wall are spaced at equal distances from each other. When guards in a tower saw the signals from its neighbor, they immediately did the same thing .In this way; the signals would be relayed to the capital. 长城上的烽火台是均匀分布的。如果烽火台上的警卫看到相邻烽火台上发出的信号，他们就会立刻跟着发出信号。这样一个接一个信号就传到了都城。 Jack: what the smart idea the ancient people had! I was told that in china. People usually call the Great Wall “Ten Thousand Li Long Wall”. Does it really mean that long? 古代人民的想法真是巧妙啊！我听说在中国人们通常把长城称作“万里长城”。真的有那么长么？ 李颖：Yes, exactly. It runs all the way across the eastern half of china with a length of about 6 000 kilometers. 是的，正是这样。长城绵延约6 000公里，穿越了中国的东半部。 Jack: 6 000 kilometers! It is unbelievable. 6 000公里！难以置信。 李颖：The Great Wall is said to be the only building on the earth that can be seen from the outer space. 据说万里长城是从外太空可以看到的地球上唯一的建筑。

商务英语口译教程Unite1_Unite4课后习题答案

Unit1 P8 1.我们认为你方的格力空调在这里会很畅销，希望很快收到你们的样品。 2．贵方若能报优惠价并保证收到订单后四周内交货，我方将定期订购。 3.如能报到岸价，折扣以及发货日期等详细情况，将不胜感激。 4.随函附上我方最新的产品目录及CIF 纽约报价单。 5.关于贵方9月29日的询价信，我方就如下产品报价，以我方最后确认为准。 6. 此盘5天内不接受就作撤销论。 7. 很遗憾，我们的价格和你方还盘之间差距太大，所以恐怕我方不能接受你方还盘。 8. 考虑到我们长期以来的贸易关系和友好合作，我方建议你方能接受保兑，不可撤销即期信用证。 9. 石油价格将在未来一段时间内继续下降。 10. 我们还想指出我们主要以承兑交单方式结账。 Unit1 P9 1.（我们正打算订购）We are thinking of placing an order for your Flying Pigeon Brand bicycles. We would be very grateful if you could make us an offer for 200 ones with details. 2. （上述询价已于）The above inquiry was forwarded to you on Oct. 10, but we haven’t received your reply yet. Your early offer will be highly appreciated. 3. （我方的冷冻食品）Our frozen foods have been shipped to many countries where they are received favorably. It would be to your advantage to try out a shipment. 4. （很抱歉，贵方）We are sorry to say that the goods required by you are out of stock for the time being. Therefore we are unable to make you an offer at present. 5. （我方于两个月前）We sent you our Quotation No. 44 two months ago, but we haven’t received any news from you. It would be advisable if you could make an early decision on this matter. 6. （所有报盘都以）All quotations, except firm offers, are subject to our final confirmation. Unless otherwise stated or agreed upon, all prices are without any discount. 7.（许多外国电讯）Many foreign telecommunications companies wish to come into the Chinese market such as AT &T, etc. the competition is very keen. I understand some companies are lowering their prices and offering technical assistance and after-sale services. 8.（很高兴我们）I’m glad that we have settled the price. 9. （我们至多只能再减）The best we can do will be a reduction of another 30 pounds. That’ll be definitely rock-bottom. 10. （我们正在仔细研究）We’re now studying your offer carefully, so we hope that you can keep it open till the end of this month. Unit1 P10 1、我们的还盘与国际市场上的价格一致。如果你们接受，我们将说服客户向你们订货。如果你方不能做进一步的让步，我们就没有必要再谈下去了。我们不妨取消整个交易。顺便说一下，在考虑你方的新报价时，请考虑到我们的佣金问题。 2、我们的报价以合理利润为基础，不是漫天要价。你必须考虑到质量问题。这一行的每个人都知道三星产品质量上乘。如果我们不是朋友，我们愿意以这个价格为你们好。 Unit1 P11

基础口译教程-U10 词汇短语表

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Lesson 1 美国副总统复旦演讲 韩市长，非常感谢您！谢谢您做介绍时的友好言辞。今天我们很高兴来到这里。我和我夫人为有这次机会再次来到中国访问感到荣幸。感谢贵国对我们的欢迎，特别感谢复旦大学的热情接待。我们为此感到不胜荣幸，谢谢你们！我们此行带来了布什总统和美国人民的良好祝愿。 我知道在座的许多人很快就要从这所优秀的大学毕业。我听说贵校有极为严格的标准，得到复旦大学的学位代表着多年的刻苦攻读和自我约束。我祝贺在座各位学业有成。对各位老师坚持复旦大学99年追求卓越的传统我深表钦佩。 Speech by Wang Guangya at Princeton University Ladies and Gentlemen, Good evening. I am honored to be invited to your seminar tonight. For me, for my colleagues and for many other Chinese, Princeton has long been a familiar name. With a history longer than the country, it has produced many outstanding people, Woodrow Wilson, the 28th US president, Albert Einstein, the great scientist, and T. S. Eliot, the famous poet, to name but a few. As former president Bill Clinton said in 1996 at the celebrations for the 250th anniversary of Princeton,“At every pivotal moment in American history, Princeton, its leadership, faculty and its students have played a crucial role.” ; I am more pleased to learn that all of you have a keen interest in China. Though our two countries are geographically far apart, we have a great deal in common in the everyday life. While many Chinese enjoy Hollywood movies and McDonald’s fast food, many Americans find that their clothes and daily necessities are made in China. I hope that today’s sem inar will help you gain a better understanding of China and its foreign policy, thus deepening further our friendship and cooperation. 新工厂落成典礼上的讲话 各位尊敬的来宾，女士们，先生们：下午好！ 欢迎大家前来参加我们公司在中国的首家新厂房的落成典礼！感谢各位拨冗光临，与我们共同庆祝这一盛大的活动！ 我谨代表公司对今天来参加典礼的各位供应商、客户嘉宾、各位员工和业务伙伴说声“谢谢！” ` 公司管理层深深为我们的新工厂感到骄傲，我们能干的员工感到骄傲，他们发展了工厂的业务，使之达到国际水平。 新厂房标志着公司对中国业务的重视和承诺。 各位供应商，我们希望与你们携手共进，使我们的业务更上一层楼。 各位经销商，我们将继续向你们提供尖端的高质量产品，以协助你们做好客户支持，改善中国和东南亚许许多多人士的生活。 各位邻居和朋友，我们将成为良好的企业公民，与各位同行一起维护在中国开展业务的规范性。 最后，我们承诺给员工们提供一个安全、舒适的工作环境。 再次感谢各位与我们共同庆祝今天的典礼！ Lesson 2

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