口译习题(汉译英及英译汉)

一、课程性质和设置目的

口译课程是高等教育自学考试英语专业高级阶段（本科）的英语技能训练课程，属必考课程。它旨在培养学生动用已掌握的英语语文知识和听、说等基本技能，进行英汉/汉英双向口译的能力；使学生能胜任生活接待、导游、一般性会议和业务洽谈等的口译任务。

二、考核内容与考核目标

口译考试分为汉英和英汉口译两部分，形式为接续翻译，考究学生综合动用演说、记忆、笔记、解释、数字翻译、跨文化交流等口译技巧的能力。要求老先生能正确理解并即时口头翻译所听到的语速为每分钟160-200字/词的讲话。

三、有关说明与实施要求

1．考试形式

本课程考试采取面试形式，考生听录音或主考老师的讲话，在停顿处开始口译，可带纸笔做笔记，录音和讲话只能听一次，不予重复。考试时间约为10分钟，汉英和英汉口译各占大约5分钟。

2．必读书目

《汉译英口译教程（修订本）》吴冰主编者外语教学与研究出版社1995年《英语高级口译资格证书考试口译教程》梅德明编上海外语教育出版社1996年

3．考试样题及参考答案

题样一

A 汉译英

朋友们，欢迎大学到北京来，从今天开始由我担任大家的陪同，我将尽力使朋友们在北京过得愉快。// 我想朋友们都知道，北京是座有三千年历史的古城。早在公元前十一世纪，北京就是燕国的国都，因此北京有燕京之称。// 在以后的几千年里，北京又成为金、元、明、清各朝的国都。北京是中国的六大古都之一，其他五个是西安、南京、洛阳、开封和杭州。这些城市中有几个大家这次也要去。// 北京市总面积16，800平方公里，人口1，000多万。城区在解放时是190平方公里，今天已扩大到750平方公里。// 北京是座既古老又年轻的城市，有许多名胜古迹。从故宫、天坛和颐和园，你们可以看到北京保留了许多昔日的风采。北京也有许多新建筑，包括很多摩天大厦和立体交叉桥，这些又使北京具有现代化都市的风貌。

参考答案

Friends, welcome to Beijing ! From today on I’ll act as your guide, and I’ll do my best to make your stay a pleasant one. // I believe you all know that Beijing is an ancient city with a history of 3,000 years. As early as the 11th century, B.C., it was the capital of the kingdom of Yan; that’s why Beijing is also known as Yanjing. // In the few thousand years

afterwards, Beijing again served as the capital for the Jin, Yuan, Ming, and Qing dynasties.

Beijing is one of China’s six ancient capitals; the other five are Xi’an, Nanjing, Luoyang, Kaifeng, and Hangzhou. Some of these cites you will also be visiting during your stay in China. // with an area of 16,800 sq. Km, It has a population of over ten million .The city proper in 1949(when the people’s Republic was founded) was 190 sq.km, but today it has expanded to 750 sq.km. // Beijing is a city both old and young, with many places of historic interest and scenic beauty. From the forbidden City, the Temple of Heaven, and Summer Palace, you can see that Beijing has retained a lot of the color of old Chinese life. But there are also a great number of new constructions in Beijing , including many skyscrapers, cloverleaf intersections and flyovers. These have given beijing the look of a modern metropolis.

B英译汉

Question : Mr. President, I’m sure millions of Chinese people are watching this program now . Iwonder if you would like to say a few words to them first.//

Answer: Well, I do have an opening statement. But first let me thank you for this unique opportunity. It’s a great honor for me to be the first American president to speak to the Chinese people in a live broadcast. // And I feel as if I were talking to old friends, who, while teen years ageo, Barbara and Icame to your beautiful land when I was , as you said , Chief of the United States Liaison Office , And for us , returning to Beijing is a homecoming.// Our work here was a source of great personal satisfaction, a happy challenging time in our lives. And we actually went to church here, and indeed our daughter was baptized in our faith here. And we rode bicycles down the hutungs of Beijing, and came to have a general feeling of affection for the Chinese people.

参考答案

问：总统先生，我敢肯定此时此刻有亿万中国人正在观看这个节目。不知您是否愿意先向他们讲几句话。//

答：我是一个开场白。但首先请允许我感谢你们给了我这次独特的机会。作为第一个能通过现场直播向中国人民发表讲话的美国总统，我感到万分荣幸。// 我觉得自己就像是和老朋友说话。虽然看不见他们，但我却一直记挂着他们。// 十四年前，我和芭芭拉来到你们美丽的国家的进修，我还是你们所说的美国联络处主任。对我们来说，这重返北京就是重返家乡。// 我们在这里的工作给了我们个人极大满足，也是我们一生中一段愉快而富于挑战性的时光。我们去过北京的教堂，我们的女儿就是在这里按照我们的信仰接受了洗礼。我们骑自行车穿过北京的胡同，并渐渐对中国人普遍产生了感情。

二、题样二

A汉译英

改革开放是我国坚定不移的基本国策，为把我国建设成为现代化的国家，我们要广泛地学习借鉴国外先进技术和科学管理方法。// 因此，积极引进国外智力，聘请外国专家来华工作，已经成为我国对外开放的重要组成部分。这不仅是中国发展的需要，也是世界各国及各国人民相互增进了解、友谊、共同发展的需要。// 在此，我衷心希望各位外国专家、海外华人专家和国际友人一如既往地支持和帮助中国的建设事业，同时也欢迎有更多的外国专家、海外华人专家和国际友人参加到我们的经济和社会建设中来。// 祝愿所有获得友谊奖章的外国专家和夫人在京期间过得愉快。现在，我提

议：为中国人民与全世界人民之间的友谊，为在座的各位专家和夫人的健康，为各位女士们、先生们的健康干杯！

参到答案

Reform and opening to the outside world is our country’s unchangeable basic policy. Inorder to build China into a modern country, we have to learn and use the advanced technology and scientific management methods from other countries. // Therefore , the introduction of foreign intellectual resources, and inviting foreign experts to work in China have become the important components of opening to the outside world. It is not only to meet the need of China’s development,but also to meet the need for further understanding , friendship and development among the different countries and peoples in the world.// I hope that foreign experts, overseas Chinese experts and foreign friends will support and help with China’s construction as always . At the same time ,we would like to welcome more foreign experts , overseas Chinese experts and foreign friends to join us in our economic and social development . // I wish all the experts who have been awarded the Medal ofFriendship and their spouses a happy stay in Beijing. // Now, May I propose a toast to the friendship between the Chinese people and the people of the world, to the health of every expert and spouse present here, to the health of all ladies and gentlement present here. Cheers!

B. 英译汉

Many americans formed their idea of afmily life in the nineteen-fifties. But that kind American family has become increasingly less common in the last thirty years.// Beginning in the nineteen-fifties, a wave of social change swept through American life. Almost every American family was affected. Historians say the American family has change more rapidly in the last thirty years than in any other time period. // Social historians say the most far-reaching change in the family has resulted in changes in woment’s work. Amajority of married woment in the United States no longer stay home all day to cook, Clean and raise children. They now have paid jobs outside their homes. // Changes in the family also resulted form changes in marriage traditions. During nineteen-sixties, many young men and women began to live together without being legally married. Some had children. They were a family , but not in the traditional sense. // At the same time, more people ended their marriage if it was unhappy. The rate of divorce in the United States increased by more than three times in about twenty years.

参考答案

许多美国人的家庭生活观念是在1950年代形成的。但是那种美国家庭在最近30年里已越来越少见了。// 从1950年代起，一股社会变革的浪潮席卷了美国人的生活。几乎每个美国家庭都受到了影响。历史学家们说，美国家庭最近30年来的变化，比任何时候都要快。// 社会历史学家说，家庭的深远变革引起了妇女工作的变化。美国的大多数已婚妇女不再呆在家里，整天做饭、清洗、带孩子。她们在外面工作挣钱。// 家庭在变化也是由于婚姻传统的改变。在1960年代，许多年轻男女未婚同居。有些人还生了孩子。他们也是一个家庭，但不是传统意义上的。// 与此同时，更多的人因为婚姻不幸福而结束了婚姻。美国的离婚率在大约20年的时间里增长了3倍以上。

样题三

五、注：指定用书中所提到的三本教材考生可自己选定一本作为学习用书

汉译英敬老院

朋友们，欢迎你们到我们的敬老院来参观。在你们参观之前，请允许我借此机会简单地介绍一下我们敬老院的情况。/我们这个敬老院是在1991年根据社会发展的需要而建立的。朋友们可能知道，中国老年人口一直以平均每年大约3%的速度增长。现在我市的老年人口就有156万。//敬老院的建筑面积近1，000平方米，我们还有一个很大的活动中心，老年人不但可以在这里读书看报、大牌、下棋、打乒乓，还可以学书法和绘画，或者学一种乐器。//过去我们敬老院只收无子女的老人，现在有许多老人因为呆在家里太寂寞，也希望住到敬老院里来。因此，凡是交得起费用的，我们尽可能的接收。//不过目前我们的地方太小，想接受更多的老人心有余而力不足。好了，情况就介绍到这里，大家如果有什么问题，我很乐意回答，谢谢！//

英译汉中美首脑互访

question:

how do you comment on president jiang zemin’s visit to the united states and president clinton’s visit to china?

Answer:

I think the fact that our two presidents, the president of china and the president of the united

state, have visited each other’s countries, eh, is indicative of the fact that our two countries are coming closer together and cooperating in a whole host of areas.

And I think that we Americans and Chinese citizens are very fortunate in that both our presidents like each other and they have a good close personal relationship.

They ‘ve met each other many many times over the past 6 years. They’ve come to know each other, they respect each other.

六、They, eh, they meet each other in an, in an attitude of mutual respect and mutual

cooperation and I think that’s beneficial to the Chinese people and, and also to the American people and beneficial to the world at large.

汉译英：经济发展

在过去的一年里，中国贯彻扩大内需的方针，经济得到稳步发展，人民生活水平得到显著提高。//初步统计显示，国内生产中指为8万9千4百多亿元，比上年增长8%。

//到2000年底，中国人均生产总值达到800美元，创历史最高纪录。数字化家庭、汽车和电脑已经进入越来越多中国人的家庭。//在物质生活得到提高的同时，人民的文化生活也得到进一步的充实。他们用文化活动、医疗健身的支出稳步增长，用于教育的指出大幅度提高。//1998年以来，国家增长了工体休假。现在春节、五一、十一人们都有七天的长假，这使旅游市场一片火暴。

Question:

Could you tell me what impression president jiang zemin gave you during his visit to United States?

Answer; well, president jiang’s visit to the United States was a great success. It was also, it’s a success from the standpoint of view of the government relations, but it’s also I think a great personal success.

The American people saw the president of china zemin and they liked him. They like him

because he had a smiling face and he portrayed himself as a friend of the American people. He, as the representative of the Chinese people, had a great understanding of the American people and history.

And I think he advanced the Sino American relations a great deal by that visit. It was a very successful visit and the American people like the president of china and I think primarily because of that visit.

试题3：信息产业

信息产业以成为中国的主要蜘蛛产业和出口大户。中国政府将大力推动信息技术的应用，促进经济和社会的发展。//统计数字表明，去年该行业制造部门的年产值达到了1200亿美元，出口总量达到了551亿美元。//中国的信息产业在未来5年里的平均增长率要达到20%，到2005年，其增加产值要占到国内生产总之的7%。//为了更好的发展我们的信息技术产业，我们要引进一个更加开放的竞争体制，创造噎嗝有序的、法制的外部环境。//作为发展中国家，中国的信息技术远远落后于许多发达国家。我们需要借鉴别国的经验，同时也要顾及我们自己的具体情况。//

Question:

Did you have a chance to meet president jiang zemin when he paid his official visit to the United States?

Answer:

Yes, in fact when he was in Washington for the official visit, I was able to attend the luncheon in his honor. That was hosted by vice president Gore and I ended up by sitting very close to the president.

And much to my surprise he speaks quite good English and so we were able to have a, a very brief but pleasant conversation.

I actually was, I guess like a lot of American, expecting someone much more formal and stiff, but he came across as very humane, with a sense of humor, which American particularly appreciate.

And I think that help them to get to know him and to relax with him an d fell that they could trust him.

试题4：大学

女士们、先生们，欢迎你们来到我们学校来！很高兴今天由我带大家参观我们学校，大家有什么问题，我可以为您解答。//我们学校是一所文理科的综合大学。建校初期，我们只有4个系，这4个系是中文系、英文系、数学系和理化系。//现在我们学校有16个系，下设39个专业。本科生读4年，研究生读3年。全校学生1万1千多人，其中研究生1千多人。//我们学校与海外高等学校的学术交流十分频繁。今年我们就聘请了15为外国专家任教，召开了依次国际研讨会。//近年来，我们学校的教学和科研条件得到了很大的改善，我们新建了一些实验室和计算机中心。这栋楼是我们的视听电教中心，我们一起进去看看吧。

Question:

Can you tell me why there are some people from the congress of the United States who oppose to president Clinton’s visit to china?

Answer:

America speak with many different tones, many different voices. For example, simply

because five or ten members of the Us congress might say something, that does not mean it’s the policy of the American government, or the American people.

Because there’re five hundred and thir ty-five members of the us congress and so you have all sorts of diverse opinions there.

And simply because one congressman may say eh, say something that the Chinese government or he Chinese people don’t like, that does not mean that’s the policy of the us government.

We need to watch and see what the president of the United States says, Mr.Clinton, or what the secretary of state says, that represents the policy of the United States government.

汉译英口译文字材料

Passage 1 女士们、先生们：很高兴能有机会参加这次“中国日”年会。亚洲是世界上最大的洲，拥有世界60%的人口。它资源丰富，历史悠久。中国式亚洲的一员，同所有亚洲人民一样，中国人民勤劳智慧。中国人民愿与所有亚洲人民一起，共创亚洲的美好明天。 Passage 2 我们非常高兴能和你们在英格兰度过这样一段愉快的时光。在告别英格兰的时候，我觉得自己对它和它的历史有了更多的了解。我们希望在不久的将来能在中国接待诸位，请诸位看看中国的变化。现在，我提议为东道主的健康干杯！希望在不久能看见你们。 Passage 3我非常感谢您热情友好的欢迎辞。印度是最古老的文明摇篮之一，访问印度是我的强烈愿望。我为能成为贵公司的客人而深感荣幸。这次访问给予我一次很好的机会结交新朋友。我公司同印度有着有好的合作关系。我们在许多领域里的合作都取得了重大进展。我们的合作是富有成效的。我们将继续成为和睦共助的伙伴关系。 Passage 4今晚，我们很高兴在北京大学接待格林博士和夫人。我代表学校的全体师生员工向格林博士和夫人及其他新西兰贵宾表示热烈的欢迎。中新两国教育界人士的互访，增进了相互间的了解和学术交流。我相信格林博士这次对对我校的访问必将为进一步加强两校的友好合作关系做出重要贡献。明天，贵宾们将要赴南京和上海访问，我预祝大家一路旅途愉快。 Passage 5今天各位能出席这个招待会，我们深感荣幸。欢迎到中国来。在发展对外贸易中，我们坚持“互相尊重、平等互利”的原则，这一原则有助于发展我们各国独立的民族经济。我愿借此机会对各位朋友给予我们的合作和支持表示感谢。 Passage 6 在这个满天星斗、举国同庆的夜晚，我谨代表公司的全体同仁，感谢各位来宾从百忙之中拔冗光临我们的春节联欢晚会。春节是我国一年中的良辰佳时，我希望各位中外同事共度一个轻松、欢快的夜晚。我愿外国来宾能尽情品尝中国的传统佳肴和美酒。我希望这次晚会能使我们彼此有机会沟通、增进友谊。最后我再次感谢各位嘉宾的光临，并祝各位新年健康、事业有成。 Passage 7近年来，中国在交通方面的资金投入每年都有所增加，公路建设因此有了很大发展。到去年末，这方面的投资超过了人民币3,200亿元。自从我国实行西部大开发策略后，西部的公路建设也得到了迅速发展。在今后的几年里，西部地区将继续成为公路建设的重点地区。 Passage 8中国加快发展，将给中美关系发展提供新的机遇与动力。例如，中国的旅游业带动航空业的发展，已经给美国企业带来了可观的实惠。中国从美国进口大量的大豆、小麦等农产品，为美国农业提供了广阔的市场。我相信，中国完全有可能在未来的20年乃至更长的时间里，继续保持稳定快速的经济增长。 Passage 9中国是一个发展中国家，人口多，底子薄，农村地区经济不发达。穷

自考口译与听力0602(6-14汉译英)

Unit 6 Opening and closing ceremonies Lesson Three Translation for the text (All those on the rostrum and those present took their seats.) Good afternoon, representatives, distinguished guests, ladies and gentlemen! The 1999 global celebration ceremony of World Habitat Day formally opens. Please rise for the National Anthem. Sit down, please. Now , allow me to introduce the distinguished leaders and guests present on the rostrum: Acting Executive Director of UNCHS（United Nations Centre for Human Settlement ）…Mr. xx; Minister of China Construction Department, Mr. xx; Mayor of Dalian, Mr. xx; Chairman of England Construction and Social Housing Fund Committee, Mr. xx; Coordinator of UNCHS, Mr.xx Let’s welcome the mayor of Dalian, Mr. xx to give the welcome speech. (The mayor gives the welcome speech.) Thank you, Mr. Mayor. The UN Secretary General, Mr. Annan has sent his greeting speech to the Habitat Day. Please project his speech. (Secretary General Annan’s speech is projected.) Welcome the Minister of Construction Department, Mr. xx to give his speech. (The minister makes his speech.) Welcome the Acting Executive Director of UNCHS to give his World Habitat Day address.( The Director addresses.) It is time for the Award Ceremony of the 1999 UN Habitat Prize which is set by UN as the highest honor prize for the governments, organizations, individuals all over the world that have made remarkable contributions in habitat field. Let’s welcome the coordinator of UNCHS to announce and introduce the list of prize winners. (The list is announced.) Let’s invite the Acting Executive Director of UNCHS to present the award.( Music is played.) Welcome the Egyptian prize winners to come to the rostrum to receive your prize; Welcome Dalian Mayor…to come to the rostrum to receive your prize; Welcome the Indian representative to come to the rostrum to receive your prize; Welcome Colombian representative to come to the rostrum to receive your prize; Welcome Slovakian representative to come to the rostrum to receive your prize; Welcome American representative to come to the rostrum to receive your prize; Welcome Ghanaian representative to come to the rostrum to receive your prize; Welcome Kenyan representative to come to the rostrum to receive your prize (The music comes and ends Let’s welcome the Chairman of England Construction and Social Housing Fund Committee to announce and introduce the 1999 Habitat Prizes for individuals. (The list is introduced and announced.) Welcome Mr. xx and Mr. xx from Britain to come to the rostrum to receive your prizes. Let’s invite the Minister of China Construction Department to present the award. (Music is played.) Today, we observe the grand global celebration ceremony of 1999 World Habitat Day in Dalian, which has achieved complete success under the instruction of UNCHS and with the help

《英译汉教程》(连淑能主编,高等教育出版社)-第10~12章【圣才出品】

第10章Division（拆译法） 10.1 复习笔记 In division, we have to determine where to divide, how to divide, what the subject or the predicate of the new clause or sentence should be, and how to rearrange various parts of the original sentence. These may involve such techniques as Conversion, Addition and Inversion. 拆分时要注意以下问题：在哪里拆分，怎样拆分，新的从句或句子的主语、谓语分别是什么，以及如何重新组织这些部分。这里涉及到的技巧有转换法、增补法和倒置法。 一、Picking Out of Words（拆译单词） It is advisable to pick out those words which are hard to reproduce in the original structure and expand them into Chinese word groups, clauses or sentences. There are usually three steps to deal with such words: 翻译过程中，如果一个单词的意义很难用汉语在原有句法框架下表达出来，就可以把该单词抽取出来，并将其扩展为汉语词组、从句或句子。具体操作步骤如下： 1. Determine which word(s) to pick out; 确定需要抽取出来的单词； 2. Apply Conversion or Addition, if necessary, to make the translated version smooth and well-connected; 必要时运用转换法或增补法，使译文流畅、通顺；

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