上海英语高级口译笔试试题(二)

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一、English-Chinese Translation （本大题1小题．每题50.0分，共50.0分。Translate the following passage （s ） into Chinese ）

第1题

Some critics believe that the very concept of intellectual property is mistaken. Unlike physical property, ideas are non-rivalrous goods that can be used by many people at the same time without making them any less useful. The term "intellectual property" was widely adopted only in the 1960s, as a way to bundle trademarks, copyrights and patents. Those critics argue that today's rights are too strict and make the sharing of knowledge too expensive. The paradox about intellectual property in IT and telecommunications is that it eases the exchange of technology and acts as a bottleneck for innovation at the same time. The whole system is in a stage of transformation. "Markets require institutions, and institutions take a long time to develop. Today, the institutions for a 'market for technology' are not well developed, and it is costly to use this market," says a specialist. Ideas are to the information age what the physical environment was to the industrial one: the raw material of economic progress. Just as pollution or an irresponsible use of property rights threatens land and climate, so an overly stringent system of intellectual-property rights risks holding back technological progress. Disruptive innovation that threatens the existing order must be

encouraged, but the need to protect ideas must not be used as an excuse for greed. Finding the fight balance will test the industry, policymakers and the public in the years ahead.

【正确答案】：

一些评论家认为知识产权这个概念本身就不乏谬误。与有形财产不同的是，知识商品可同时供许多人使用而不会产生冲突，其使用价值也不会受到影响。在20世纪60年代，为了将商标、版权和专利权捆绑在一起，才广泛使用了“知识产权”这一提法。评论家们认为，如今的版权过于苛刻，致使分享知识变得代价过高。

在IT 和电信领域，知识产权所处境地颇为微妙，既方便科技交流的同时，又为创新制造了瓶颈。整个体系目前正处在转型的阶段。一位专业人士指出，“市场需要制度，而制度的形成需要很长的时间。如今为‘科技市场’服务的制度尚不完备，于是对该市场的使用都代价不菲。”

信息时代离不开创意，就像工业时代离不开物质环境：它们都是经济进步的原材料。正如污染或滥用知识产权会对土地和气候造成威胁一样，过于苛刻的知识产权体系也有可能会阻碍科技进步。挑战现有秩序的颠覆性创新应加以鼓励，

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但保护创意的需要不能被用来作为贪婪的借口。如何在二者间找到平衡将是今后几年内对业内人士、决策者和公众的一个考验。

二、Chinese-English Translation （本大题1小题．每题50.0分，共50.0分。Translate the following passage （s ） into English . ）

第1题

与此相对的是“啃老族”的出现。作为“80后”的一员，他们选择了逃避。上学时心安理得地花着家里的钱。毕业时却找出各种理由不肯就业，家里托关系给安排了，又以种种借口推托。而他们每天的生活就是中午时才起床，早饭午饭合二为一后，要么上网，要么找同样赋闲的朋友去逛街，还要买回一大堆价格不菲的东西，美其名曰提高生活质量，当然，父母还要为他们埋单。这其中有很多还是普通工薪阶层的家庭，辛苦把孩子养到大学毕业，却还要继续养下去，至于期限，就要看这个孩子何时醒悟了。

【正确答案】：

Contrary to that is the "Dependent Generation". Born in the late 1980s, they tend to avoid competition. While getting all the money for their daily expenses in school times, they, with various excuses, refuse to work even if they have the job opportunity their parents have tried so hard to obtain. Their lives are characterized by a rather late getting-up at noon time, followed by a whole day spent on Internet over a simple branch, or on shopping hunches of luxuries with close friends, who similarly do not work. To avoid criticism, they claim they are living a real life, which of course is supported by their parents. Most of this group come from the low-income families, which have no choice but continue their efforts in supporting their children after their college graduation until a day when their children really understand what they are doing.

none 、三（共Spot Dictation 小题,20共分）30.0

第1题

The biggest mistake in life is to think that you work for someone else. True, you may have a boss and you may (1) from a company but, ultimately, you are master of (2) . You decide what potential you reach in your career and what you will (3) in your life.

Regardless of your circumstances, you can (4) . This is particularly true at your current workplace. Every day you have (5) , to stand out, and to be exceptional. You can make a suggestion to improve a product or service or to (6) . You can identify an opportunity to save money or (7) . You can help a coworker do his or her job better or learn a new skill that you can use for the rest of your life.

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