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刘洪波 雅思阅读真经 内部讲义 上

刘洪波 雅思阅读真经 内部讲义  上
刘洪波 雅思阅读真经 内部讲义  上

Cambridge IELTS 9

TEST 1

READING PASSAGE 1

You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13, which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.

William Henry Perkin

1 William Henry Perkin was born on March12, 1838, in London, England. As a boy, Perkin’s curiosity prompted early interests in the arts, sciences, photography, and engineering. But it was a chance stumbling upon a run-down, yet functional, laboratory in his late grandfather’s home that solidified the young man’s enthusiasm for chemistry.

2As a student at the City of London School, Perkin became immersed in the study of chemistry. His talent and devotion to the subject were perceived by his teacher, Thomas Hall, who encouraged him to attend a series of lectures given by the eminent scientist Michael Faraday at the Royal Institution. Thos speeches fired the young chemist’s enthusiasm further, and he later went on to attend the Royal College of Chemistry, which he succeeded in entering in 1853, at the age of 15.

3At the time of Perkin’s enrolment, the Royal College of Chemistry was headed by the noted German chemist August Wilhelm Hofmann. Perkin’s scientific gifts soon caught Hofmann’s attention and, within two years, he became Hofmann’s youngest assistant. Not long after that, Perkin made the scientific breakthrough that would bring him both fame and fortune.

4At the time, quinine was the only viable medical treatment for malaria. The drug is derived from the bark of the cinchona tree, native to South America, and by 1856 demand for the drug was surpassing the available supply. Thus, When Hofmann made some passing comments about the desirability of a synthetic substitute for quinine, it was unsurprising that his star pupil was moved to take up the challenge.

5During his vacation in 1856, Perkin spent his time in the laboratory on the attempting to manufacture quinine from aniline, an inexpensive and readily available coal tar waste product. Despite his best efforts, however, he did not end up with quinine. Instead, he produced a mysterious dark sludge. Luckily, Perkin’s scientific training and nature prompted him to investigate the substance further. Incorporating potassium dichromate and alcohol into the aniline at various stages of the experimental process, he finally produced a deep purple solution. And, proving the truth of the famous scientist Louis Pasteur’s words ‘chance favours only the prepared mind’, Perkin saw the potential of his unexpected find.

6Historically, textile dyes were made from such natural sources as plants and animal excretions. Some of these, such as the glandular mucus of snails, were difficult to obtain and outrageously expensive. Indeed, the purple colour extracted from a snail was once so costly that in society at the time only the rich could afford it. Further, natural dyes tended to be muddy in hue and fade quickly. It was against this backdrop that Perkin’s discovery was made.

7Perkin quickly grasped that his purple solution could be used to colour fabric, thus making it the world’s first synthetic dye. Realising the importance of this breakthrough, he lost no time in patenting it. But perhaps the most fascination of all Perkin’s reactions to his find was his nearly instant recognition that the new dye had commercial possibilities.

8Perkin originally named his bye Tyrian Purple, but it later became commonly known as mauve (from the French for the plant used to make the colour violet). He asked advice of Scottish dye works owner Robert Pullar, who assured him that manufacturing the dye would be well worth it if the colour remained fast (i.e. Would not fade) and the cost was relatively low. So, over the fierce objections of his mentor Hofmann, he left college to give birth to the modern chemical industry.

9 With the help of his father and brother, Perkin set up a factory not far from London. Utilising the cheap and plentiful coal tar that was an almost unlimited byproduct of London’s gas street lighting, the dye works began producing the world’s first synthetically dyed material in 1857. The company received a commercial boost from the Empress Eugenie of France, when she decided the new colour flattered her. Very soon, mauve was the necessary shade for all the fashionable, ladies in that country. Not to be outdone, England’s Queen Victoria also appeared in public wearing a mauve gown, thus making it all the rage in England as well. The dye was bold and fast, and the public clamoured for more. Perkin went back to the drawing board.

10Although Perkin’s fame was achieved and fortune assured by his first discovery, the chemist continued his research. Among other dyes he developed and introduced were aniline rd (1859) and aniline black (1863) and, in the late 1860s, Perkin’s green. It is important to note that Perkin’s synthetic dye discoveries had outcomes far beyond the merely decorative. The dyes also became vital to medical research in many ways. For instance, they were used to stain previously invisible microbes and bacteria, allowing researchers to identify such bacilli as tuberculosis, cholera, and anthrax. Artificial dyes continue to play a crucial role today. And, in what would have been particularly pleasing to Perkin, their current use is in the search for a vaccine against malaria.

Questions 1-7

Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1? In boxes 1-7 on your answer sheet, write

TRUE if the statement agrees with the information

F ALSE if the statement contradicts the information

NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this

1 Michael Faraday was the first person to recognise Perkin’s ability as a student of chemistry.

2 Michael Faraday suggested Perkin should enrol in the Royal College of Chemistry.

3 Perkin employed August Wilhelm Hofmann as his assistant.

4 Perkin was still young when he made the discovery that made him rich and famous.

5 The trees from which quinine is derived grow only in South America.

6 Perkin hoped to manufacture a drug from a coal tar waste product.

7 Perkin was inspired by the discoveries of the famous scientist Louis Pasteur. Questions 8-13

Answer the questions below.

Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.

Write your answers in boxes 8-13 on your answer sheet.

8 Before Perkin’s discovery, with what group in society was the colour purple associated?

9 What potential did Perkin immediately understand that his new bye had?

10 What was the name finally used to refer to the first colour Perkin invented?

11 What was the name of the person Perkin consulted before setting up his own bye works?

12 In what country did Perkin’s newly invented colour first become fashionable?

13 According to the passage, which disease is now being targeted by researchers using synthetic dyes?

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2.听力王陆雅思王听力真题语料库(红皮)轻听英语APP 3.阅读刘洪波雅思阅读总纲+雅思阅读真经 4.写作刘洪波雅思写作真经总纲、顾家北手把手教你雅思写作(绿皮) 5.口语雅思哥APP购买分手服务,可刷原题。慎小嶷十天突破雅思口语、慎小嶷口语高频词汇。顾家北手把手教你词伙(黄皮) 6.单词不背单词APP 每天晨起打卡复习+新学 三、四大板块解题技巧 A、听力(30min) (1)听力只放一遍,时间为30分钟,大体由易到难,做完有十分钟誊抄答案到答题卡。 (2)听力内容分为四个板块,形式有填空、单选、多选,填空题占绝大部分。(3)注意力集中,提前看问题,画出关键词。 (4)注意同义替换,在听力和阅读中都出现得特别多。 (5)注意字数限制、检查拼写是否正确。 (6)不要纠结于一个问题,不要往回看,保持冷静,不要焦虑。 (7)顺序出题!前一题的答案一定在下一题之前,这点非常重要,一定是一个一个来。 (8)听力的核心在于对词汇的辨识,可以每天早上打开轻听英语、TED等APP 听30min。 (9)可在B站上找雅思考官Simon的口语课。 B、阅读(60min)

(1)阅读时间为60分钟,共三篇文章,一般P1最简单,P3最难,注意分配好时间。 (2)填空题基本功:拼写不出错、语法不出错、注意单复数。 (3)注意答案要求的字数。 (4)没有时间誊抄答案,大部分人也没有时间检查,记得边做边填答题卡。(5)T F NG 题一定要从文本出发,找同义替换,有一些在事实是正确的,但文章没有提到的表述,依然属于NG。 (6)遇到难题不要纠结,不要在每道题上花太多时间。先做标记然后跳过,也可以先蒙一个。 (7)个人强烈推荐刘洪波雅思阅读真经+总纲,所有题型的针对性方法很全面、很实用。 C、口语(15min左右) (1)口语考试与笔试是分开进行的,可提前在官网上预约口试时间,口语考试预订于每场考试报名截止日期前2天开放,同报名截止时间结束。 (2)口语分为三个部分,P1相当于和考官聊聊天,问些简单问题;P2是考生就一个话题谈2min;P3是就P2的话题进行更加深入的问答。 (3)推荐雅思哥APP,可以刷口语题库,录下自己的答案,上面还有一些免费公开课可以听,也可根据自己的情况购买一些网课或一对一口语服务。 (4)口语话题常常可以进行合并,如我尊敬的人/我喜欢的职业/我的理想等等都可以编成一个故事。 (5)口语考试的时候不要紧张,自然地发挥就好了,遇到听不懂的单词也可以问,这也是沟通的一部分,尽量不要停顿和卡壳就好了。

雅思阅读考点词汇 刘洪波 解析+同义替换

雅思阅读考点词汇刘洪波解析+同义替换 考点核心词 abandon abstract accelerate * access * Acknowledge =Admit =recognize express gratitude for; =notice =accept as legally binding and valid =accept (sb) to be what is claimed or accept his power and authority -----The crown prince was ackownledged as the heir TO the throne * adapt to * addictive adjust * admit adversity =hardship misfortune affliction /hard knocks / Disaster tragedy grief evil = a stroke of ill fortune; a calamitous events -adverse=harmful inauspicious untoward contrary counter aggression=hostility violence invasion infringement -hostile=unfriendly agreeable

Aid Allergic =Hypersensitive hypersensitized hypersensitised Sensitized sensitised supersensitized alter * alternative altitude analyse * ancient * application apply to * appreciate * approach * approve array =series of/ranging =clothes/thread/garment an array of troops/books/emotions/fruit and vegetables artificial * Assess 对人judgment对物calculate estimate =evaluate valuate value measure =tax * assign -assignment =任命职务,任务sb to a post=delegate designate depute *assign a task to children =give out/allot sth

经典雅思作文模板

1、From a more pragmatic standpoint, evidence abounds that A is still an indispensable part 从一个更务实的角度看,证据丰富,仍是一个必不可少的重要部分 2、In the first place, it goes without saying that ….. More exactly, …. 2 In the second place, ……。 3、However,I should admit that C still palys a pivotal role,The reason for this is that C…… 然而,我必须承认C还起到了举足轻重的作用,其原因是C…… 4、In summary, I would admit that C……. In spite of this, speaking for myself, I insist that…… 总之,我会承认C……。尽管如此,为自己说话,我坚持认为…… 5、This issue has widespread repercussion on society. 这个问题已经获得了广泛的社会影响。 6、Given the severity of this phenomenon, we have no alternative but to take immediate steps to address this situation. First, we must do our utmost to enhance people’s awareness of A . Second, We should spare no effort in doing sth. For instance. Lastly, C should strive to encourage D to do sth. 这一现象给予的严重性,我们别无选择,只能立即采取措施应对这种情况。首先,我们必须竭尽全力提高人们……的意识,第二,我们应该不遗余力的去做某事。例如……最后,我们应该努力鼓励D去做某事。 7、Since we have embraced upon information era, the way we live, work, play, and learn has undergone noticeable and profound transformation. Whether has been a breeding ground for heated debate. People from all walks of life can hardly reach on absolute consensus. For my part, my view will be identical with the advocates/opponents. 既然我们已经接受了在信息时代,我们的生活方式、工作、娱乐和学习经历了引人注目、深刻的变革。是否已孳生地为上演一场激烈的辩论。各行各业的人,很难找到完全的共识。至于我,我的观点将相同的提倡者/对手。 8、only under this circumstance can be establish a scientific, harmonious and progressive society. 只有在这种情况下,可以建立一个科学、和谐、进步的社会。

91306-英语阅读-阅读考点词电子版

剑桥雅思阅读考点词真经 如何使用本书 本书的动议基于下面几个理论: 一、记忆单词最有效的是根据文章的上下文,自然地有逻辑地记忆,而非背字典。如同我们从小是学习“人、口、手”,而非拿一本字典,先学提手旁,再记走之旁。我从来不提倡背任何的从A 到Z 的词汇书。我也写一些这类词汇书,那是完全为了迎合市场上这种错误的需求,被广大学员错误的背单词方法所“胁迫”。在此道歉。 本书以剑桥雅思4–8的文章为背景对词汇予以注释,通过阅读上下文记忆单词,使考生回归自然语言习得的逻辑习惯。 二、学好一门外语不需要多本词汇书,一本就够了,但是要反复多遍,自己在词汇旁边做一些笔记,比如同义词,反义词,相关的话题词汇等。把这本书当成自己的伙伴,经常在上面添加一些笔记,相当于自己在不断修订升级,主动参与印象会更深刻,最后你可能还会对它产生感情。 所以,这本书的排版留白很多,是留给考生的心得笔记区。 三、剑桥雅思4–8是全球雅思考生必做的真题。这本书包含阅读文章的重点词汇注释。所以,这本书是雅思考生必备的。 四、天下间所有阅读题其实是题目与原文的同义替换改写。所有阅读题的考点都是原文与题目的同义互换。在每篇文章的词汇注释最后,我把题目对应于原文的考点词汇罗列出来。 本书是国内第一本(全球范围内我不能确认)直接让考生透视雅思阅读题目考点的词汇书。换句话说,扒光了雅思命题者的绚丽外衣,使之“裸奔”。 考生把这本词汇书中每篇最后的“真题考点词替换清单”部分看一遍,其实等于做了一遍剑桥雅思4–8。多么高效啊,1个小时做完剑桥雅思真题4、5、6、7、8! 考生还可以用“真题考点词替换清单”来对照做题的思路,所以这本词汇书还是剑桥雅思4–8阅读题的解析! 有的题目的考点词替换没有罗列,因为在原文是原形出现,或词性不同而已;还有答案为NG 的题没有罗列。 考生理解了上面的这些话,那么雅思阅读完全就是送分的。致谢 在本书的编写过程中,赵小锐、刘畅、谭乐、刘娟、付晓楠、田杨、冯涛、成岩、程玲、李慧芳、刘素良、焦磊、柏立明、焦鸿、曹爱丽、张靖娴、袁伟、李海静、刘伟、杨志、贾玉梅、李悦也参与了资料收集及部分编写工作,在此一并感谢。 刘洪波公众微信号:liuhongbo-guixue 刘洪波微博:https://www.sodocs.net/doc/ba9366252.html,/lhbgx 刘洪波博客: https://www.sodocs.net/doc/ba9366252.html,/lhbgx 2012年10月 悉了考点词和答案,在考场上定位、寻找关键词和答案会颇有灵感。该书内容活泼,容易携带,它将让所有的散碎时间变得生动而有效。 《雅思阅读真经总纲》是一本奇书。该书让考生充分浸入雅思阅读测试文化,完全理解各种出题手法和应试策略。简洁、明确,文辞华美,赏心悦目。如果不懂雅思,如果不爱教育,焉能至此! 让热情飞吧。 “阅读真经三部曲”的衍生品是丰富的网络课程和下载资料,是那个在澳大利亚奔波的Ben 真诚的人生经历;是开创“真经流派”的Harvey 的才华和自信;是涉足网络传播Bobo 的亲切和热情(详见《雅思阅读真经5》推荐序)。 让才华飞吧。 一篇文章,散散乱乱,总为激情所扰。在出版之际,谨以此文为序。 雅思真经群号:284587791吕蕾公众微信号:lvlei1973 吕蕾微博:https://www.sodocs.net/doc/ba9366252.html,/lvlei1973吕蕾博客: https://www.sodocs.net/doc/ba9366252.html,/wonderfullei

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