《高级口译教程(第三版)》词汇汇总
《高级口译教程（第三版）》词汇汇总
-=外事接待=-
第一篇
制药有限公司pharmaceutical Co. Ltd
副总经理deputy managing director
研究生graduate student
论文paper
研究成果research findings
实验助手lab assistant
市中心downtown area
假日酒店Holiday Inn
旅馆招待费hotel accommodation fee
招待所guesthouse
舒适如归make sb. comfortable
不尽如人意之处inconvenience in life and work
排忧解难help sb. out
第二篇
Stanford University 斯坦福大学
a land of wonder充满奇观的国家
head office 总部
magical power 神奇的魅力
Oriental 东方的
Confucianism 儒家思想
Taoism 道家学说
inexplicable 难以言表的
set foot on 踏上……的土地
cosmopolitan city 国际大都市
maximize 充分利用
in no time 不久
rewarding 有成效的
-=参观访问=-
第一篇
学位点degree program
国家级重点社科研究基地key social science research centers
博士后科学研究流动站post-doctoral research stations
国家级重点学科national key disciplines
两院院士academicians of the Chinese academy of science and the Chinese academy of engineering
网络教育online education
科举制imperial examination
日月光华,旦复旦兮brilliant are the sunlight and the moonlight after night the day dawns again
人文精神humanistic spirit
披荆斩棘,筚路蓝缕negotiate various impediment
博学而笃志,切问而近思extensive scholarship with unyielding dedication and earnest inquiry with close examination
治学态度educational philosophy
取精用弘的学术思想the academic ideology of extracting the best and exploiting the greatest 怀抱超旷的才隽学人graduates with brilliant scholarship
高等教育发展的重中之重priority among institutions of high learning
承前启后inherit fine tradition and usher in the future mission
精诚团结,共襄盛举strive together in good faith
文理工医科综合性大学 a comprehensive university with a complete range disciplines in liberal arts, science, engineering and medicine
全面提升知名度和影响力elevate influence and visibility in all dimensions
社会转型时期 a period of social transition
百年传承之名校 a prestigious university with a century-long academic tradition and intellectual esteem
第二篇
Vancouver 温哥华
Canada’s gateway to the pacific 加拿大通往太平洋的门户
The Panama Canal 巴拿马运河
Natural ice-free harbor 天然不冻港
Manufactured goods 制成品
Lumber and paper milling 伐木、造纸
Oil refining 炼油
Metal fabricating 金属锻造
Printed matter 印刷
Real estate 房地产
Triple 增至3倍
Quadruple 增至4倍
Quintuple 增至5倍
High-rise office building 摩天办公楼
Boutique 时装礼品店
Ethnic group 少数民族团体
Planetarium 天文馆
Aquarium 水族馆
Skating rink 溜冰场
Botanical garden 植物园
Conservatory of exotic plants 异国植物花房
Maple tree 枫树
Sap 树液
syrup 糖浆
-=人物访谈=-
第一篇
国际清算银行行长president of the Bank for international settlements
宏观经济macroeconomic
浮动汇率floating foreign exchange rate
world economic projection 世界经济预计
impetus 动力
reassuring 让人放心
command economy 计划经济
fiscal policy 财政政策
surplus and deficit 赢余和赤字
deterioration 最坏；最低点
without precedent 第一次
pact 公约
curb deficits 防止财政状况恶化
pension commitments 养老金投入
yields on nominal bonds 名义收益率
deflation 紧缩
exchange rate appreciation 货币升值
domestic liquidity 国内流动资金
precipitous move 突然变动
stifle 葬送
workable measures of transition 可行的过度措施
stance 姿态
第二篇
新千年the new millennium
新纪元the new age
精髓essence
陶器pottery
京剧戏装Costumes of Peking Opera
莫高窟复制品the replica of the Mogao Grottoes
青铜战车the bronze chariot
战国早期的礼仪乐器ritual musical instruments produced early in the Warring States Period 八音度 a range of octave
音域宽wide range
定音tone setting
瑟，笙，箫，鼓se, sheng, xiao, drums
整理collate
骨哨bone flute
摇篮cradle
舞台服饰performance costumes
夸张和象征的手法exaggeration and symbolic means
名模famous model
-=大会发言=-
第一篇
20国集团g 20(group of 20)
央行行长Central Bank Governor
生物科技bio-technology
科技进步日新月异science and technology haave been making continuous progress
金融风暴financial turbulence
贸易壁垒trade barriers
保护主义protectionism
取长补短make full use of favorable condition and promote complementarity
注入新的活力inject new vitality to
关税tariff
减免债务debt relief
优惠贷款concessional load
转轨国家countries in transition
灵活务实flexible and pragmatic
由温饱到小康 a period of having only basic needs met to a comfortable life
历史性跨越 a historic breakthrough
底子薄weak economic basis
全面建设小康社会build a moderately prosperous society in an all-around way
科学发展观the guideline of scientific development
扩大内须expand domestic demand
科技含量高high scientific and technological content
转变经济增长方式the transformation of the economic growth mode
提高自主创新能力enhance innovative ability
促进城乡区域协调发展facilitate a balanced developent between rural and urban areas 以人为本people-centered
顺应时代潮流as a response to the trend of our times
第二篇
in an atmosphere of learning 在学术气氛中
incubator 孵卵器
inception 涌现
undergrad 大学生
reengineer 调整
reduce inventory 缩短开发周期
cumulative 日积月累
compound rate 复利率
operating margin 营业利率
turnover 周转次数
outstanding receivable 未清应收帐
strategic sourcing initiative 开源节流战略
customer-driven 以顾客为驱动力
service-oriented 服务型
put a new premium on 高度重视
managerial competence 管理能力
Fortune 500 companies 财富500强
expertise 专门技术
win-win thinking 双赢思维
group synergy 协作精神
hold sb. accountable for 让……放手做
hold a grudge against 怀恨在心
-=国际关系=-
第一篇
纪念……成立……周年commemorate ….anniversary of the founding of
恪守承诺commitment to
联合国宪章宗旨和原则the purpose and the principles of the UN Charter
善邻之道live together in peace with one another as good neighbors
划时代意义epoch-making
里程碑milestone
人类社会沧桑巨变stupendous changes in human society
国际舞台风云变幻vicissitudes in the international arena
地区热点问题regional hot spot issue
民族分裂势力regional separatists
极端宗教势力religious extremist
毒品走私drug trafficking
传染性疾病communicable disease
坚持多边主义uphold multilateralism
摈弃冷战思维abandon the Cold War mentality
标本兼治address both symptoms and root causes
裁军与军备控制disarmament and arms control
防止核扩散prevent the proliferation of nuclear weapons
包容精神the spirit of inclusiveness
文明多样性diversity of civilization
兼容并蓄的和谐世界harmonious world where all coexist and accommodate each other 休戚与共的命运interests and destinies
第二篇
subsequent endeavor 此后的努力
humanitarian 人道主义者
refrain 不以
non-intervention 不干涉
domestic jurisdiction 内部事务
the minimum doe of conduct 最起码的行为准则
the Security Council 安理会
paralysis 瘫痪
veto right 否决权
incapacitate 无所作为
nuclear weapon proliferation 核武器扩散
communicable disease 传染性疾病
buffer conflicts 缓解冲突
enforcement 强制
meddle 管闲事
manifold 多种多样
permeate 渗透
practice tolerance 宽容忍让
transcend differences 超越差异
convergence of interests 共同利益的汇合点
coercion 高压政治
tackle 处理
-=旅游观光=-
第一篇
广袤无垠的中华大地the boundless expanse of the Chinese territory
绚丽多姿的自然景观gorgeous and varied natural scenery
如诗如画poetic and picturesque
名胜古迹places of historic interest and scenic beauty
兵马俑terra-cotta sodiers and horses
故宫the Imperial Palace
五岳之首the most famous of China's 5 great mountains
峻拔突兀majestic and precipitous appeal
山外有山mountains beyond mountains
融自然与文化景观于一体embody natural scenery and cultural heritage
奇石,清瀑,古松,亭阁grotesque rock formation, clear waterfalls,old-age pine trees and pavilions 历代文人雅士书法家famous ancient writers,scholars and calligraphers of various dynasty
石刻碑文stone inscription
重峦叠嶂peaks rising one after another
经典佳作great classics of ancient writers of various dynasty
华夏祖先Chinese ancestors
吉祥之地propitious place
祭祀天地offer sacrifices to Heaven and Earth
联合国教科文组织UNESCO(c=cultural,其他不必说了吧?)
世界自然与文化遗产World heritage Commission
第二篇
geological accident 地质变化
the earth's crust 地壳
temperate cllimatic zone 热带地区
unique fauna and flora 珍禽奇兽,奇花异草
Great Barrier 大堡礁
Ayer's Rock 阿叶尔斯石柱山
Kakadu National Park 卡喀杜国家公园
Sydney Opera House 悉尼歌剧院
skiing resort 滑雪场
gross domestic product(GDP) 国内生产总值
camping park 野营公园
caravan and cabin 汽车旅馆,公寓住所
international cuisine 国际烹饪水准
ethnic restaurant 风味餐厅
departure tax stamp 离境印花税票
American Express 美国运通信用卡
-=科学报告=-
第一篇
中国古代药王神农氏Shennong, the celebrated herbal master of ancient China
中医史上的萌芽阶段the embryo stage in the development of TCM
战国时期the Warring States Period
黄帝内经HuangDi’s Classic of internal Medicine
神农本草经Shennong’s herbal classic
主治、功用和毒性primary treatments, functions and toxic character
药典pharmacopoeia
救死扶伤healing the sick and saving the dying
职业道德规范professional work ethic
食补保健food treatment approach
延缓衰老defer senility
相互作用、互为依存be of mutual influence and interdependence
有机的整体an organic whole
诊断疾病diagnose disease
阴阳对立制约yin and yang are mutually opposing and constraining
互根互用be interdependent and mutually promoting
消长平衡proportionally change with the decrease of one, resulting in, or from the increase of the other
相互转化mutually transformational
健康的要素be essential for the maintenance of good health
指导思想guiding concept
临床治疗方法clinical treatment
针灸疗法acupuncture and moxibustion
按摩推拿medical massage
气功疗法deep breathing exercises
赢得广泛赞誉win worldwide acclaim
中医专业队伍TCM professionals
综合医院general hospital
第二篇
astrobiology 天体生物学
nitrogen 氮
hydrogen 氢
oxygen 氧气
photosynthesis 光合作用
equilibrium 平衡
meteor 流星
embedded 埋植
carbon compound 碳化合物
hypothesis 假设
Antarctic 南极的
aesthetics 审美观
the Leonid meteor showers 狮子座流星雨
debris 碎片
comet 彗星
The Azores 亚速尔群岛
Infrared spectrographs 红外线摄谱仪
organic molecule 有机分子
spectrographic 摄谱的
disseminate 散布
prebiotic life 前生物生命
galaxy 银河系
-=礼仪祝辞=-
第一篇
阁下your excellency...
建交the establishment of diplomatic relations
近海石油勘探offshore oil exploration
积贫积弱,任人宰割enduring impoverishment, long-standing debility and was for a time at the mercy of other countries
落后要挨打lagging behind leaves one vulnerable to attacks
刻骨铭心的教训never-forgotten lesson
中华民族伟大复兴the rejuvenation of China
不懈努力make unremitting efforts
与时具近keep pace with the times
第一要务the primary task
发展是硬道理development is of overriding importance
科学发展观scientific outlook
和谐社会harmonious society
互利共赢win-win
本着……的精神it is in the spirit of
一贯奉行in the persistent pursuit of
双边关系bilateral relations
祝酒join sb in a toast
第二篇
mission 代表团
gracious hospitality友好款待
convey 转达
bosom friend 知己
thriving and robust 蓬勃向上
megalopolis 特大型城市
boast 以……为自豪
unequalled 不能与……相媲美
miraculous rise 奇迹般地迅速崛起
financial giants 金融业的巨头
business community商业界
manufacturing industry 制造业
IPR(intellectual property rights) 知识产权
joint consultancy service 合资咨询服务机构transnational corportation 跨国公司
last but not least 最后
at one's earliest convenience 在其方便的时候，尽早……cherish 珍惜
economic recession 经济不景气
ensure a sustained growth 确保持续增长
on the occasion of 请允许我借……的机会……
-=商务谈判=-
第一篇
进出口商品交易会import and export commodities fair
销售部经理sales manager
supply department 采购部
brochure 宣传小册子
scope of business 经营范围
machine tool 机床
workmanship 工艺
make an inquiry 询价
quotation 报价
C.I.F Seattle 西雅图到岸价(*cost,insurance.freight)
调整价格adjust the price
competitive 具有竞争力
bulk 很大
substantially 大大地
展台exhibition stand
第二篇
经营的新品new line of business
汽车零部件auto parts
update 调整
at the cost of 不惜以……为代价
our part 我方
发盘/报盘offer
折扣discount
supplies 货物
free sample 免费样品
inspection 检验
floor offer 底盘
counter-offer 还盘
合同格式format of contract
规格specification
单价unit price
保险费由贵方承担the insurance premium should be born by your side business transaction 生意顺利成交
-=外交政策=-
第一篇
外国使节diplomatic envoy
复杂而深刻的变化complex and profound changes
各种问题相互交织various threats are intertwined
指导国际关系的准则norms governing international relations
切实履行implement in real earnest
以强凌弱的霸权主义bully the weak and pursue hegemony
文明的多样性the diversity of civilizations
万物并育而不相害all living creature grow together without harming one another 道并行而人不相悖ways run parallel without interfering with one another
相互借鉴、取长补短learn from each other in mutual emulation
相互包容、求同存异mutual tolerance, seek agreement while shelving differences 减免债务reduce and forgive debts
军事联盟military alliance
动辄诉诸武力resort to use or threat of force
摈弃冷战思维the Cold War mentality should be done away with
核武器扩散nucleus weapons proliferation
跨国犯罪trans-boundary crimes
生态恶化environmental degradation
永远不称霸never seek hegemony
维护国家主权和领土完整safeguard national sovereignty and territorial integrity
睦邻、安邻、富邻政策the policy of creating an amicable, secure and prosperous neighborhood 奔腾不息的时代潮流irresistible tide of the times
第二篇
diplomacy 外交手段
monetary structure 货币组织
military deterrence 军事威慑
utmost purpose 最高宗旨
subordinate 服从于
overshadow 黯然失色
initiative 主动行动
downright distrust 不信任的传统
utility 利用
authorization 授权
sponsorship 操办
intervention 干预
take…into account 考虑到
the IMF 国际货币基金组织
trade deficits 贸易赤字
commitment 致力于
war-torn 遭受战争破坏
elite 上层人物
military alliance 军事联盟
demobilization/remobilization 遣散军队/重组军队
-=文化交流=-
第一篇
民为贵people being the most important
巨大活力the immense vitality
生动写照vivid reflection
生存权subsistence right
立国之本the foundation to build the country
不懈努力make unremitting endeavor
相辅相成the two are complementary to each other
民族先人ancestor
初步繁荣昌盛initial prosperity
吸收和借鉴absorb and draw upon fruits of
祖国统一reunification of the country
繁衍multiply
伟大复兴the great rejuvenation
先行者forerunner
区域自治regional autonomy
宪法保障protected by the Constitution
崇高目标lofty goal
亲仁善邻benevolence and good-neighborliness
国之宝箴treasured maxim
第二篇
millennium 千年
landmark 标志性
reclusive 避世隐居
Danish architect Jorn Utzon 丹麦设计师钧恩乌特松
with media access 有机会接触媒体
architectural icon 建筑业偶像
in the pantheon of 在……的万神殿中
pluck 淘汰
a complete one-off 空前绝后
was quite at odds with 相去甚远
rectilinear 垂直式
maverick genius 独树一帜的奇才
promontory 海角
backdrop 背景
in high dudgeon 一怒之下
manifold difficulties 各种各样的困难
seductive beauty 有魅力的纯美
patron 资助人
-=信息时代=-
第一篇
筹备会议preliminary meeting
处理程序性问题address procedure issue
智能化intelligence computerization
多样化diversification
信息通信技术infocom technology
结构调整architecture readjustment
升级换代upgrading
融语音、数据、图像于一体integrate voice date and image
宽带高速信息网high-speed broadband information network
全方位地满足业务需求meet various service requirements in all dimensions 制约因素reason
宏观调控macroeconomic control
市场管制market regulation
规避市场风险avoid market risks
创新的融资机智innovative financing mechanism
资金的多元投入for more financing channels
911事件September 11 terrorist attack
应急系统emergency system
数字鸿沟digital divide
第二篇
don 穿上
scaffold 框架
thermostat 恒温计
EKG 心电图仪
telemetric system 遥测系统
emulate 仿效
symbiosis 共生现象
software programmer 软件编程师
collaborate 合作
debug 调试
neuron 神经元
tackle 解决
interstellar 星际
microprocessor 微型处理器
ad hoc 特别的
cell phone 手机
the heftiest desktop 最先进的台式机
fight off an attacking wasp 击退发起进攻的黄蜂simpleton 傻子
emergent behavior 突发性的行为
mischievous and sinister 恶意
antithetical 对立的
resilience 应变能力
seismic activity 地震活动
geomagnetic storm 地磁风暴
a worrisome spike 麻烦
reroute traffic 改变行动路线
InterPlaNet 星际网
asteroid 小行星
unmanned probe 吾人驾驶探测器
proprietary (信息)专有
feel tingles on one’s spine 感觉到脊椎的震颤
-=宣传介绍=-
第一篇
地势平坦的冲积平原 a soil deposit plain land
常住居民permanent residents
慈悬浮列车the maglev train
长江三角洲Yangtze River Delta
龙头作用play a leading role
清朝乾隆，嘉庆年间during the reigns of Qianlong and Jiaqing of Qing Dynasty 石油化工产业the petrochemical industry
精细化工产业the fine chemical
家用电器产业the home electrical appliance industry
生物医药产业the bioengineering and pharmaceutical industry
支柱产业pillar industry
历史文物保护单位sites of historical interest and cultural relics under protection 海派文化Shanghai regional culture
美食家gourmet
清真authentic Muslim
万国建筑博览会exhibition of the world's architecture
内环线高架道路elevated inner beltway
野生动物园the Wildlife zoo
迎新撞钟活动New year's Greeting Bell-striking
庙会Temple Fair
桂花节Sweet Osmanthus Festival
海纳百川，有容乃大the sea admits hundreds of rivers for its capacity to hold 乘骐骥以驰骋兮on your steed galloping
来吾道夫先路on my road pioneering
聪明，精明，高明bright,smart,wise
第二篇
British Commonwealth 英联邦
physically spread out 布局分散
predominant 主导
conglomeration 聚结
commute 外来工作者
prominent landmark 显著的地貌标志
Saint Paul's Cathedral 圣保罗大教堂
Westminster Abbey 威斯敏斯特教堂
monarchy 君主政体
coronation 加冕礼
Buckingham Palace 白金汉宫
hub 中心
slum 贫民窟
lavish 豪华
philharmonic orchestra 爱乐乐团
venue 场所
cornucopia 各类
successive eras 各个阶段
chronologically 从历史上
repository 陈列馆
premier art collection 最重要的美术作品
striking portraits of Britons 不列颠人逼真的肖像
-=饮食文化=-
第一篇
烹饪艺术culinary art
民以食为天food is the paramount necessity of the people 推陈出新creative efforts
色、香、味color, aroma and taste
摆放layout
冷盘cold dishes
原料raw material
作料调配the blending of seasoning
调味艺术the art of proper seasoning
食物质地the texture of food
刀功slicing technique
乳猪suckling pig
点心pastries
黄酒yellow rice wine
烈性白酒strong white liquor
敬酒toast with
小啜take a sip
馒头steamed bread
热卡calories
主食staple food
第二篇
food style 饮食习惯
solid diet 丰盛的食物
health food 保健餐
Little Italy 小意大利城
Germantown 德国城
native specialties 家乡特色菜
Creole accent to the food 克里奥耳口味
physical well-being 身体健康
ironic 讽刺的
preservative 防腐剂
cheese 奶酪
-=中国改革=-
第一篇
翻天覆地的变化earthshaking changes
面貌焕然一新take on a brand-new look
出/入境旅游outbound/inbound travel
村/居委会village committee/urban neighborhood committee
解决温饱问题solve the problem of food and clothing
落实科学发展观follow a scientific approach of development
以人为本，执政为民put people first in administration
着力搞好宏观调空concentrate on doing macro-regulatory work well
激发创造活力stimulate creativity
实施稳健的财政政策follow prudent fiscal policy
三农工作是重中之重work relating agriculture, rural areas and farmers remains top priority
加强农田水利建设intensify development of irrigation and conservancy project
多渠道转移农业富余劳动力transfer surplus rural labor to nonagricultural jobs
推进产业结构优化升级optimize and upgrade the industrial structure
加强生态建设strengthen ecological improvement
推进财税体制改革promote the reform of fiscal and tax system
加强精神文明建设promote social and ethnical progress
加强行政能力建设和政风建设improve the government’s administrative capacity and style of work
建设服务型政府service-oriented government
意气风发in high spirits
同心同德、再接再厉united with one heart and one mind, continue our concerted and unyielding efforts
第二篇
overstate 夸大
turn one’s back on 对……封闭
anarchy 政治混乱
warlordism 军阀割据
make up lost ground 收复失地
springboard 跳板
with gusto 满怀热情
subsistence farming 自然经济
marginal productivity 边际生产力
tariff barrier 关税壁垒
bolster 保持
joint venture 合资企业
incremental capital output ratio 资本产出比率
reckon 估计
purchasing power parity 购买力平价
capital accumulation 资本积累
demographic forecasts 人口统计学上的预见hiccup 磕磕碰碰
forerunner 前驱
dwarf 让……相形见绌
【参考借鉴】历年托福词汇题汇总440题(有答案).doc
优质参考文档 TOEFL词汇题精选440题 001.Mostoftheseleaderswereinvolvedinpubliclif easreformers,activistsworkingforwomen'srightt ovote,orauthors,andwerenot representative at allofthegreatofordinarRwomen. Theword"representative"isclosestinmeaningto whichoffollowing? (A)tRpical (B)satisfied (C)supportive (D)distinctive 002.IntheUnitedStates,LouisComfortTiffanR(1 843- 1933)wasthemostnotedeRponentofthisstRle,pr oducingagreatvarietRofglassformsandsurfaces, whichwerewidelRcopiedintheirtimeandarehigh lR prized todaR. Theword"prized"isclosestinmeaningtowhichoff ollowing? (A)valued (B)universal (C)uncommon (D)preserved 003.TheArtNouveaustRlewasamajorforceinthe decorativeartsfrom1895until1915,althoughitsin fluencecontinuedthroughoutthemid- 1920's.ItwaseventuallRtobe overtaken bRanew schoolofthoughtknownasFunctionalismthathad beenpresentsincetheturnofthecenturR. Theword"overtaken"isclosestinmeaningtowhic hoffollowing? (A)surpassed (B)inclined (C)eRpressed (D)applied 004.Duringmostoftheirlives,surgeglaciersbeha velikenormalglaciers,travelingperhapsonlRaco upleofinchesperdaR.However,at intervals of10t o100Rears,theseglaciersmoveforwardupto100ti mesfasterthanusual. Theword"intervals"isclosestinmeaningtowhich offollowing? (A)records (B)speeds (C)distances (D)periods 005.Theincreasingwaterpressureundertheglaci ermightliftitoffitsbed,overcomingthefrictionbet weeniceandrock,thus freeing theglacier,whichr apidlRslidersdownhillsurgeglaciersalsomightbe influencedbRtheclimate,volcanicheat,orearthq uakes. Theword"freeing"isclosestinmeaningtowhicho ffollowing? (A)pushing (B)releasing (C)strengthening (D)draining 006.AfloodoficewouldthensurgeintotheSouther nSea.Withthecontinuedriseinsealevel,moreicew ould plunge intotheocean,causingsealevelstoris eevenhigher,whichinturnwouldreleasemoreicea ndsetinmotionaviciouscRcle. Theword"plunge"isclosestinmeaningtowhichof following?
HSK词汇表
一、对外汉语教学中文化因素研究 对外汉语教学界对文化教学内容展开研究以来，对外汉语的教学内容在研究探讨中不断完善。研究初期，文化教学内容局限于文化因素的探讨，随着研究的深入，学者们提出专门开设文化课进行文化知识教学的重要性。下文把文化教学内容的研究分为文化因素研究和文化知识研究两部分。 （1）文化因素研究 在研究初期，文化教学内容局限于文化因素的研究，所谓“文化因素”,是指隐含在语言中，反映使用这种语言的民族的价值观念、思维方式、道德规范等方面的文化内涵。围绕着文化因素的具体内容，学者们提出了不同的观点：关于文化因素的分类，张占一（1984）《谈汉语个别教学及其教材》最早提出了“知识文化”和“交际文化”的概念，把对外汉语教学中的文化称之为“交际文化”。这一观点的提出引起了学者们的热议。赵贤州支持这一观点，并把交际文化因素进一步分为十二小项。吕必松在接受“交际文化”这一术语的前提下，给交际文化下了一个新的定义，还把“交际文化”进一步分为“语言交际文化”和“非语言交际文化”。也有学者对此提出质疑：周思源从分类学、语用主体的趋同心理和语义范畴等方面，对“交际文化”和“知识文化”的分类表示质疑；董树人也认为没有必要专门设立“交际文化”这一名目，叫它“文化差异”就足够了。除了赞同派和反对派以外，还有很多学者从其他角度对文化进行分类和梳理。主要代表学者有：陈光磊将文化分为语构文化、语义文化和语用文化；魏春木、
卞觉非将文化导入内容分为文化行为项目和文化心理项目；胡明扬将影响对外汉语教学的文化因素分为特定语汇、特定表达方式、特定语言习惯等六大类；梅立崇将跨文化交际中的文化分为陈述性文化知识和程序性文化知识。 对外汉语教学界的另一个研究热点是文化因素教学的方法与原则问题。围绕这一问题,共出现过四种观点：文化导入说、文化揭示说、文化融合说和文化语言有机化合说,其中影响比较大的是文化导入说。赵贤州先生最先提出文化导入说,并对文化导入的原则作了探讨,认为在对外汉语教学中进行文化知识的同步导入时必须遵循阶段性、适度性、规范性和科学性的原则。此后,魏春木、卞觉非、陈光磊、张英等人也先后对文化导入的内容、原则和方法进行了深入研究。（2）文化知识研究 随着研究的深入，许多学者提出在留学生学习汉语的高级阶段开设文化课进行文化知识教学的必要性。文化知识方面的研究相对于文化因素的研究来说起步晚，研究较为薄弱当前的文化知识教学的研究重点局限于讨论文化知识教学的重要性和与文化因素教学的区别上，在文化知识教学内容、教学方法、教学评价和等级大纲方面的研究还很欠缺。有关文化知识教学必要性的研究有：韩鉴堂（1993）《论对外知识文化教学》从学生需求和知识文化对提高交际能力的作用两方面论述开设知识文化课的必要性，并讨论了知识文化课的学科独立性和知识文化教学的方法。1994 年，对外汉语教学定性、定位、定量座谈会的《纪要》一文中把对外汉语教学中的文化划分为文化因素和
跨文化交际论文题目
1.英文原声电影赏析与跨文化交际能力的培养 2."跨文化非语言交际语用失误研究 3."公示语翻译中的语用失误探析 4.国内广告语言语用失误研究现状与分析 5."全球化语境下跨文化交际失误语用归因 6."跨文化交际中的语用失误类型及对策研究 7."基于礼貌原则的跨文化语用失误分析 8."跨文化言语交际中的语用负迁移 9."浅析化妆品广告中的语用预设 10."中西方饮食文化的比较研究 11."中美时间观之对比 1 2."浅析汉英问候语中的文化差异 13."英汉词汇的文化内涵差异探析 14."英语身体语的交际功能研究 1 5."浅谈英汉身势语的表意功能之差异 16."目标语文化的理解与跨文化交际 1 7."中西文化差异对中国学生英语学生的影响 18."跨文化交际中的文化误读
9."浅析文化差异对商务谈判的影响 20."英语禁忌语的文化内涵异同研究 21."英语学习中的文化习得 2 2."英汉思维模式的差异对跨文化交际的影响 23."外语学习者的思辨能力与跨文化交际之成效 24."培养英语学习者跨文化交际能力之策略 25."英汉道歉语差异及原因 26."中西跨文化礼貌语差异探析 27."英汉语言中礼貌表达法之比较 28."英汉习惯用语的文化内涵探源 29."英语称赞语及其回应的异同研究 3 0."中美（西）家庭教育理念的差异及其对孩子的影响 31."中国英语学习者跨文化交际中的主要障碍研究 32."试析跨文化交际中角色互动的作用 3 3."本土文化与异国文化的冲突对跨文化交际的影响 34."跨文化交际中的时间观差异 35."论跨文化交际中的中西餐桌礼仪
6."关于提升英语专业学生跨文化交际能力的培养 37."涉外婚姻中的中西文化冲突 38."论跨文化广告传播中食品商标的翻译439."多媒体教学与跨文化交际能力的培养40."中西方儿童文学的差异 4 1."中西体育文化的差异及其受全球化发展的影响 42."中西传统休闲文化及其价值观的对比分析 43."简爱与林黛玉不同命运的文化透析 44."国际商务活动中礼貌原则的应用 4 5."论文化背景知识在外语阅读教学中的作用 46."国际商务交际活动中的非语言交际 47."浅析英汉汽车商标的特点及其翻译 48."英汉隐喻差异的文化阐释 49."文化语境下的英汉植物词 50."文化语境下的英汉动物词 51."从体态语探析中西文化差异 52."浅析英汉颜色词的文化内涵 53."文化视野下英语谚语的比较
(完整word版)雅思阅读超高频词汇(必背)
雅思阅读高频词汇 1 state n. 情形, 状态, 国家, 政府, 州vt.声明, 陈述, 规定For the century before Johnson ’s Dictionary was published in 1775 there had been concern about the state of the English language. statement n.声明, 陈述, 综述 2 special adj.特别的, 特殊的, 专门的 especially adv.尤其，特别specialization n.特殊化, 专门化 specialise v.专业化，专门研究 specialised adj. 专门的, 专科的 In the 19th century, new, specialised, professional societies were instituted to promote and publish in the new disciplines. specialist n. 专家 speciality n.特性, 特质, 专业 specify vt.指定, 详细说明specific adj.详 细而精确的, 明确的 An early scientific journal fostered a new kind of writing based on short descriptions of specific experiments. specifically adv.特定的, 明确的 species n.种类 Extinct species are being replaced by new species. 3 differ vi.不同 In both cases the critical day length differs from species to species. difference n.差异, 差别 different adj.不同的 Different groups of researchersattacked different problems, from speech recognition to chess playing, in different ways. differentiate v.区 别, 区分 4 appropriate adj.适当的 inappropriate adj.不适当的 5 staff n. 全体职员 6 contradict vt.同...矛盾 contradiction n.反驳, 矛盾 contrary adj.相反的, 逆的 contrastvt.使与...对比n.对比, 对照 7 claim n.(根据权利提出)要求, 主张vt.(根据权利)要求, 主张
历年托福词汇题汇总440题(有答案)
TOEFL词汇题精选440题 001. Most of these leaders were involved in public life as reformers, activists working for The word "representative" is closest in meaning to which of following? (A) typical (B) satisfied (C) supportive (D) distinctive 002. In the United States, Louis Comfort Tiffany (1843-1933) was the most noted exponent of this style, producing a great variety today. The word "prized" is closest in meaning to which of following? (A) valued (B) universal (C) uncommon (D) preserved 003. The Art Nouveau style was a major force in the decorative arts from 1895 until 1915, although its influence continued throughout the mid-1920's. It was eventually to be overtaken by a new school of thought known as Functionalism that had been present since the turn of the century. The word "overtaken" is closest in meaning to which of following? (A) surpassed (B) inclined (C) expressed (D) applied 004. During most of their lives, surge glaciers behave like normal glaciers, traveling perhaps only a couple of inches per day. However, at intervals of 10 to 100 years, these glaciers move forward up to 100 times faster than usual. The word "intervals" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) records (B) speeds (C) distances (D) periods 005. The increasing water pressure under the glaciers also might be influenced by the climate, volcanic heat, or earthquakes. The word "freeing" is closest in meaning to which of following? (A) pushing (B) releasing (C) strengthening (D) draining 006. A flood of ice would then surge into the turn would release more ice and set in motion a vicious cycle. The word "plunge" is closest in meaning to which of following? (A) drop (B) extend (C) melt (D) drift 007. Group members look to instrumental leaders to "get things done." Expressive leadership, on the other hand, is leadership that emphasizes the collective well-being of a social group's members. The word "collective" is closest in meaning to which of following? (A) necessary (B) typical (C) group (D) particular 008. They offer sympathy when someone experiences difficulties or is subjected to discipline, are quick to lighten a serious
分类词汇表【修订版】
英语学习专用资料第1 页共25 页 1. 经济场景 资产asset 奢侈浪费be extravagant 预算budget 消费品consumer goods 贵重的costly 存钱deposit 经济负担economic burden 经济困难economic difficulty 经济资助finance aid 政府税收government revenue 医疗保健healthcare 无家可归homeless 失业者jobless 下岗工人laid-off worker 滥用lavish 赚钱的lucrative / profitable 豪华的luxurious 耗钱的money-consuming 拜金主义的money-oriented 贫困的needy / poverty-stricken 透支overdraft 财产property 节约紧缩开支retrench 赢利的profitable 纳税人taxpayer 福利welfare 2. 健康场景 平衡饮食balanced diet 有害健康的be physically damaging 过于肥胖的bloated 致癌的cancer-causing 慢性的chronic 方便食品convenience food 头昏眼花的dizzy 危及endanger 传染病infectious disease 根除eradicate 过量摄入excessive intake 排气尾气exhaust 疲劳fatigue 绝症incurable disease 垃圾食品junk food 慢跑jog 预期寿命life expectancy 减肥lose weight 营养不良malnutrition 近视near-sighted 营养品nourishment 预防prevention 治疗treatment 肿瘤tumor 提供营养nourish 卡路里calorie 3．文化场景 传统与现代巧妙结合 a clever blend of tradition and modernity 同一的世界文化 a homogenous world culture 归属感 a sense of belonging 土著文化aboriginal culture 吸取精华absorb the quintessence 美学价值aesthetic 祖先ancestor 人类学家anthropologists 陈旧观念antiquated idea 艺术价值artistic value 同化assimilate 传递be passed down 灿烂光辉的文化brilliant and gorgeous culture 发扬光大carry forward 特有的characteristic 文明的civilized 凝聚力cohesion 文化摇篮cradle of culture 培养cultivate 文化习惯cultural habit 文化遗产cultural heritage 文化特性cultural identity 文化古迹cultural objects and historic relics 文化、精神和学术生活cultural, spiritual, and intellectual life 狂热的崇拜cult 破坏devastate 知识的传播diffusion of knowledge 多样性diversity 民族文化特色ethnic and cultural identity 节日气氛festivity 民间艺术folk art 文化全球一体化globalization of culture 博大精深great and profound 手工艺handicraft 历史文物historic relics 文盲illiteracy 不朽的immortal
跨文化交际中的文化障碍分析
An Analysis of Cultural Barriers in Intercultural Communication Abstract: This paper, from the perspective of intercultural communication, tries to analyze the cultural barriers caused by cultural differences in intercultural communication, generalizes the types of surface barriers and underlying barriers , and then puts forward a few suggestions on how to clear t he barriers by furthering learners’ understanding of the implicit culture. Key words: Intercultural communication; Cultural barriers; Teaching and learning 0 引言 对于文化,不同学科的学者针对各自的学科特性有不同的解说。至今,人们对文化的定义已达近200种。但仔细分析后,又可以发现这些定义之间存在着不少共同点。概括起来,可分为表层文化和深层文化两个层次。前者指的是一个社会群体在人际交往中的约定俗成的习惯性定势构成的生活方式和交往方式,如风俗习惯、道德风尚、语言风格、礼仪礼貌、言谈举止的行为规范等。后者指的是精神本质层面,如价值观念、思维方式、情感方式等。深层文化制约着人们的行为方式,并通过表层文化表现出来,因而,每个民族几乎都有自己独特的内容和方式。正是因为这种文化的民族性,在一定程度上限制了在一种文化中成长的人们对另一文化的接受,从而形成文化障碍,给语言学习和跨文化交际带来种种困难,甚至导致交际失败。笔者试图对英语学习中的表层文化障碍和深层文化障碍的几个主要方面进行分析,并提出一些对策,以期对英语学习有所帮助。 1 表层文化障碍的主要表现 1. 1 对具有文化内涵的词语的不同理解 词汇的文化内涵具有很强的民族性, 每一种语言的词汇随时间的变迁、社会的发展其意义或扩大或缩小,同时有些词由于经常使用逐渐积累了一些联想的意义,都可以称为词汇的文化内涵[1 ] 。在不同的语言中,词的文化内涵呈现出不同的情况。在英汉两种语言中实际上只有部分词汇完全对应,而另一部分词汇虽有局部对应的解释,但在词义或文化内涵上不完全相同。 在人类历史发展进程中,动物一直与人类保持着密切联系并对人类的生存和发展有着深刻的影响。这种依赖与亲密的关系使得人类对动物产生喜爱、同情、厌恶、恐惧等错综复杂的情感,人们也常常借助动物来寄托和表达人的感情,所以英汉两种文化中都有许许多多与动物相关的词汇。下面是一些例句,划线部分是动物名称,括号内是其在英语中所具有的文化内涵。 1) Just look at the way he treats his wife! He is a beast . (凶残的人) 2) Bill is taking his bird to t he pictures tonight. (女朋友) 3) Don’t listen to her gossip ; she is a cat . (心地恶毒的人) 4) I am not a chicken. I just don’t want to offend anybody. (懦夫、胆小鬼) 5) She likes to stay at home , but her husband is a bit of a gay dog. (爱玩的人) 6) Why did you put your finger in the fire , you silly donkey ! (傻瓜,固执的人) 7) In t he city I was nothing , but t here in the countryside I was considered a big fish. (大人物) 8) Don’t t rust him , he’s an old fox. (很狡猾的人) 9) The lions at her party included two famous authors and a musician. (大人物) 10) Come here, you little monkey. What have you done (调皮鬼) 11) Don’t be a pig , Jimmy ; leave some cake for your brother . (贪婪、肮脏或没礼貌的人) 12) She has face like an angle, but he is really a terrible wolf . (凶残的人)
雅思听力高频词汇(完整版)精编版
雅思高频词汇完整版 copy 复印 clock 钟 letter 信，字母ticket 票transportation 交通goals 目标 energy 能量experience 经验January1月 Second第二America美国 Britain英国 London伦敦England英格兰Scotland苏格兰Queensland昆士兰Sydney悉尼Adelaide阿德莱德Melbourne墨尔本Perth珀斯组讨论 fire 火灾，解雇college 学院 teams 小组membership 会员资格difficulties 困难beach 海滩underground 地下spending 花费 site 位置 recreation 娱乐property 财产 learn 学习computers 电脑 plant 植物 table 桌子 support 支持 choice 选择 glass 玻璃 survey 调查passport 护照 range 范围service 服务 exams 考试 failure 失败 demonstration 示威 festival 节日 Belfast贝尔法斯特 Ireland 爱尔兰 Dublin都柏林 Australia澳大利亚 narrator 叙述者 costs 成本 background 背景 kindergarten Avenue 大街 senior 高级的，大四学生 deposit 押金 extra 额外的 tape 磁带 title 标题 culture dark 黑暗的 regular 规律的幼儿园 project 项目 December12月 November11月 beginning 开始 purpose 目的 interest 兴趣 decoration 装修，装饰 migration 迁徙，移民 party 晚会 relationship 关系 environmental 环境的 disease 疾病 Monday周一 Wednesday周三 century 世纪 equipment 设备 methods 方法 location 地理位置 transport 交通 campus 校园 ideas 观点 world 世界 coffee 咖啡 Third第三 Fourth第四 cause 起因 social 社会的 session 课程，时间 female 女性 station 车站 kitchen 厨房 club 俱乐部 American美国人 March3月 February2月 New Zealand新西兰文化 Cambridge 剑桥 media 媒体 Scottish苏格兰人 weekend 周末 traveling 旅游 park 公园 October10月 record 记录，唱片 professor 教授 team 队伍 seat 座位 May5月 August8月 child 儿童 September9月 Tuesday周二 Friday周五 Thursday周四 surname 姓 trousers 裤子 subjects 主题 drinking 饮水 mail 邮件 male男性 safety 安全
托福词汇题练习题集
词汇题练习—tpo1-7 1.The word “precious” in the passage is closest in meaning to a.Exact b. scare c. valuable d.initial Although limited to a skull, the Pakicetus fossil provides precious details on the origins of …… 2.The word “exposed” in the passage is closest in mening to a.Explained b. visible c.identified d. located Several skeletons of another early whale, Basilosaurus, were found in sediments left by…and now exposed in the Sahara desert. 3.The word “propulsion” in the passage is closest in meaning to a.Staying afloat b.changing direction c. decreasing weight d.moving forward The structure of the backbone shows, however, that it swam like modern whales by moving the rear portion of its body up and down, even though a fluke was missing. The large hind legs were used for propulsion in water. 4.The word “threatened” in the passage is cloest in mening to a.Restricted b. endangered c. prevented d. rejected The expansion of desert-like conditions into areas where they did not previously exist is called deserfication. It has been estimated that an additional one-fourth of the Earth’s land surface is threatened by this process. 5.The word “delicate” in the passage is cloest in meaning to a.Fragile b.predictable c. complex d.valuable The semiarid lands bordering the deserts exist in a delicate ecological balance and are limited in their potential to adjust to increased exvironmental pressures. 6.The word “progressively” in the passage is cloest in meaning to a.Openly b. impressively c. objectively d.increasingly The cultivation of crops has expanded into progressively drier regions as population densities have grown. 7.The phrase “devoid of” in the passage is closest in meaning to a.Consisting of b. hidden by c. except for d. lacking in Since the raising of most crops necessitates the prior removal of the natural vegetation, crop failures leave extensive tracts of land deviold of a plant cover and susceptible to wind and water erosion. 8.The word “readily” in the passage is closest in meaning to a.Frequently b. easily c. intelligently d. obviously Exhibitors, however, wated to maximize their profits, which they could do more readily by projecting a handful of films to a hundreds of customers at a time…. 9.The word “assistance” in the passage is closest in meaning to a.Criticism b. leadership c. help d. approval …with the assistance of Edison’s former assistant…… 10.The word “expanded” in the passage is closest in meaning to a.Was enlarged b. was improved c. was varied d. was rejected At the same time, the image that the spectator looked at expanded from the miniscule peepshow dimensions of 1-2 inches (in height) to the life-size proportions of 6 or 9 feet. 11.The word “out of sight” in the passage is closet in meaning to (A) far away (B) hidden (C) partly visible d discovered 12.The word “incredible” in the passage is closet in meaning to (A) confusing
托福TPO词汇题汇总
TPO4 inhibit=restrict 限制，禁止inthesamebreath=immediately 立即 indefiniteperiod=whoseendhasnotbeendetermined rebound=recovery 复原，重获 amarkeddegree=aconsiderabledegree 很大程度上principal=major 主要的 environmentaltrappings=environmentaldecorations accumulate=buildup 累积adjacent=nearby 临近的sloping=inclining 倾斜的foul=pollute 污染 TPO5 exhibit=show 展示facilitate=makeeasier 促进suspended=hung 悬浮的afford=offer 提供，支付的起overwhelming=powerful 有力的，强大的implement=tool 工具undisputed=acknowledged 认可的，无可争议的significant=important 重要的不定期的装饰 relatively=comparatively 相对地
diversification=emergenceofmanyvarieties 多样化promote=encourage 激励 TPO6 exploit=utilize 利用vastly=greatly 极大地，深 远地growaccustomedto=becomeusedto 习惯于 retain=maintain 保持rudimentary=basic 基础的meticulously=carefully 仔细地，严谨地 endure=survive 忍受，存活virtually=nearly 事实 上，几乎plausible=believable 可信的 phenomenon=occurrence 现象，发生的事件 critically=fundamentally 根本地 perspective=viewpoint 观点 TPO7 objective=purpose 目的 scoresof=largenumbersof 大量的turbulent=violent 暴力的obsessionwith=fixationon 痴迷于 foster=encourage 培育，激励sphere=area 范围diffuse=spread 传播 profound=far-reaching 深远地 ritual=ceremonial 仪式flee=runawayfrom 逃避 TPO8 massive=verylarge 大量的 pinpoint=identifyprecisely 精确描述，精确定位ingenuity=cleverness 精巧predominant=principal 主 要的cope=adapt 处理，适应 fluctuation=variation 变化，波动bombard=strike 敲 击，轰炸disruption=disturbance 干扰
跨文化交际语用错误举例
跨文化交际语用错误举例
跨文化交际语用错误举例 【篇一：跨文化交际语用错误举例】 周刊２００７年第３３期先，人们认为，任何语境中词汇单位的正确意义，一般应当是最符合该语境的那个意义。就某种意义而言，这也就是说，对词语的正确解释即是给整个语境贡献最少的那个解释。换言之，正确的理解最大限度地依赖于语境，而不是最大限度地依赖于孤立的词语。我们如果根据词语的运用范围，即根据词汇单位所处语境的种类来研究词汇意义，便能清楚看到上述原则的重要意义。”（谭载喜，ｐ１４８）我们如果脱离了词语的上下文语境，只根据只字片语而想当然地按照自己的主观臆念得出结论，恐怕往往会与原文作者本义相悖。 参考文献：〔１〕ＡｐｐｒｏａｃｈｅｓｔｏＴｒａｎｓｌａｔｉｏｎ〔Ｍ〕．ＰｅｔｅｒＮｅｗｍａｒｋ，２００１ＳｈａｎｇｈａｉＦｏｒｅｉｇｎＬａｎｇｕａｇｅＥｄｕｃａｔｉｏｎＰｒｅｓｓ．〔２〕ＣａｍｂｒｉｄｇｅＩｎｔｅｒｎａｔｉｏｎａｌＤｉｃｔｉｏｎａｒｙｏｆＥｎｇｌｉｓｈＷｉｔｈＣｈｉ－ｎｅｓｅＴｒａｎｓｌａｔｉｏｎ〔Ｍ〕．英汉双解剑桥国际英语词典．ＳｈａｎｇｈａｉＦｏｒ－ｅｉｇｎＬａｎｇｕａｇｅＥｄｕｃａｔｉｏｎＰｒｅｓｓ．〔３〕ＣｏｌｌｉｎｓＤｉｃｔｉｏｎａｒｙｏｆＴｈｅＥｎｇｌｉｓｈＬａｎｇｕａｇｅ〔Ｍ〕，ＰａｔｒｉｃｋＨａｎｋｓＥｄｉｔｏｒ，ＣｏｌｌｉｎｓＬｏｎｄｏｎ＆Ｇｌａｓｇｏｗ．〔４〕ＬｏｎｇｍａｎＤｉｃｔｉｏｎａｒｙｏｆＣｏｎｔｅｍｐｏｒａｒｙＥｎｇｌｉｓｈＮｅｗＥｄｉｔｉｏｎ（Ｅｎｇｌｉｓｈ－Ｃｈｉｎｅｓｅ）〔Ｍ〕．ＴｈｅＣｏｍｍｅｒｃｉａｌＰｒｅｓｓ＆ＡｄｄｉｓｏｎＷｅｓｌｅｙＬｏｎｇｍａｎＣｈｉｎａＬｉｍｉｔｅｄ．１９９８．〔５〕ＴｈｅＮｅｗＯｘｆｏｒｄＤｉｃｔｉｏｎａｒｙｏｆＥｎｇｌｉｓｈ〔Ｍ〕．Ｅｄ
雅思写作高频词汇分类汇总+词性分类(完美打印版)
雅思写作高频词汇分类汇总雅思写作高频词汇分类汇总：媒体类 媒体类一： 1. paparazzi 狗仔队 2. mass media 大众媒体 3. entertainment 娱乐 4. journalism 新闻业 5. journal 期刊 6. the latest news 最新消息 7. exclusive news 独家新闻 8. news agency 新闻社 9. news blockout 新闻封锁 10. news censorship 新闻审查 11. freedom of the press 新闻自由 12. coverage 新闻报道 13. do reportage on …报导… 14. hit the headlines 上头条 15. issue 出版、发行 16. newsstand 报摊 17. free-lancer writer 自由撰稿人 18. chief editor 总编 19. editorial 社论 20. newsworthy 值得报道的 21. barometer 晴雨表 22. the barometer of public opinion 舆论的晴雨表 23. live broadcast 直播 24. quiz show 智力竞争节目 25. game show 游戏节目 26. variety show 综合节目 27. talk show 脱口秀 28. sitcom 情景喜剧 29. soap opera 肥皂剧 30. movie star 电影明星 31. movie king 影帝 32. movie queen 影后 33. affair 绯闻 34. celebrity 名人 35. fame 名声 36. rise to fame 声名鹊起 37. fan 粉丝 38. invade one's privacy 侵扰了…的隐私 39. misleading 误导性的 40. cheating 欺骗性的 41. popularity 知名度 42. scandal 丑闻 43. sensational 轰动的 44. prevalent 普遍的、流行的 45. imperative 重要的、必要的 46. audience ratings 收视率 47. propaganda 宣传 48. be abducted by 受…诱导 49. purify one's soul 净化心灵 50. live in virtual would 生活在一个虚拟世界中 51. be a great comfort to somebody 对…来说是一个巨 大安慰 52. meet different tastes 满足不同口味 53. provide somebody with something 给…提供… 54. follow the fashion blindly 盲目追逐时尚 55. commit crimes 犯罪 56. be inconceivable to somebody 对…来说是难以想 象的 57. impressive 给人印象深刻的 58. right to know 知情权 59. in the disguise of …打着…的幌子 60. endanger social stability and safety 危害社会稳定 和安全 媒体类二（影视类） 1. information era 信息时代 2. keep one informed about something 使人们了解… 3. audience/viewers 观众 4. have unhealthy and harmful effects on…对…有不良 影响 5. information-explosion society 信息爆炸的社会 6. influential 有影响的 7. revolutionize the way we acquire information 彻底 改变了我们获取信息的方式 8. blessing 福 9. curse 祸 10. various thrilling programs 各种各样激动人心的节 目 11. poor-quality programs 低质量节目 12. ever-accelerated 不断发展的 13. exaggerate 夸张 14. enjoyable 令人享受的 15. fashionable 时尚的 - 1 -