大学英语自学教程(上)-2

The second lecture of College English

Hi, everyone! Are you satisfied with the first lecture? Today we’ll continue to learn unit one.

Ⅰ.Review something in lecture one:

A. Useful phrases:

1.disagree with …(与…意见有分歧)；

2.hundreds of(成百的)；

3. be different from…(与…不同)；

4. succeed in sth…(成功的做某事)；

5. as much as you can(尽可能的多)；

6. practice doing sth(练习做某事)；

7. try to do…(试图做某事)；

8. be similar in sth…(在某些方面是相似的)；

9. first of all(首先)；10. depend on(依靠、依赖)；11. instead of sth/doing sth(不是某事或不是做某事)；12. wait sb to do…(等着某人去做某事)；13. learn from sth/sb(从某件事或从某人那儿学到…)；14. make a mistake(犯错误)；15. be afraid to do(害怕去做…)；16. be willing to do…(愿意去做…)；17. be interested in sth(对…感兴趣)；18. in order to(为了)；19. communicate with sb(同某人进行交流)；

20. on the other hand(另一方面)；21. might do well to do sth(不妨做某事)。

B. Some important words:

1.successful；

2. disagree；

3.statement；

4. guarantee；

5. intelligent；

6. conversely；

7. similar；

8. independent；

9. conclusion；10. communicate；communication；11. purpose, purposefully；12. regularly；13. technique；14. outline.

C. Key to part exercises: (from page 8 to 12)

一、课文练习：

Ⅰ.d, a, c, d, d;

Ⅱ. 1.task; 2.intelligent; 3.tudy; 4.clue; 5.conclusion; 6.repeat; https://www.sodocs.net/doc/cc10037305.html,munication; 8.purpose;

9.probably; 10.outline

Ⅲ.1. Instead of; 2.therefore; 3. more…than; 4.even; 5.first of all; 6.because; 7.on the other hand; 8.finally; 9.looking for; 10.conversely

Ⅳ.1.见课文；

2. Language learning is active learning. Learners should take advantage of every chance to use the language.

3. Language learning should be active, independent and purposeful.

4.见一讲作业。

5. The teachers often pass on their successful experience in language learning to us.

二、词汇练习：

Ⅰ.1.2.4.见一讲词汇讲解部分； 3. cover: v 覆盖；uncover: v 揭开，为cover的反义词；discover: v 发现，同义词：find, 习题答案为：covered; uncover; discovered

Ⅱ.1.inexact; 2.technique; 3.outlined; https://www.sodocs.net/doc/cc10037305.html,municate; 5.regularly; 6.clue; 7.intelligent;

a.本句包含有一个定语从句，who was very hungry by this time and not at all thirsty修饰先行词The Englishman。

b.短语：by this time到此时为止； not at all根本不…

6. Words consist of sounds, but there are many sounds which have a meaning and yet are not words.

译：语言是由声音组成的，但具有一定意义的声音并不都是话语。

短语：consist of,包含、包括

句子结构中包含有一个定语从句。

Key to the part exercises:

page 16: T, F, T, F, T, F, F, F, T, F.

Unit 2

Text A: Taxes, Taxes, and More Taxes

Main idea about the text: we know that the taxes in the United States are the highest in the world. Almost everyone need pay taxes on many things. There are three levels of government in the United States, so there are three types of taxes; they are for the federal government, state government, and city government. Even some Americans think that they are working one day each week just to pay their taxes.

A. New words:

1.tax: n 税；vt 对…征税

a. Every citizen has the right to pay tax to our country.每个公民都有向我们国家纳税的权利和义务。

b. My income is taxed at source. (我的收入已扣除了所得税。)

2.generally: adv 一般地、通常，同义词：usually, 常用语：generally speaking, general adj

3.type: n 类型、种类；v 打字

a. What type of tea do you prefer? Green tea. 你喜欢喝哪一种茶？绿茶。

b. She typed the letter quickly and well.她打这封信打的又快又好。

4.salary: n 工资，salaried: adj 拿工资的

5.earn: v 挣钱、赚钱，earnings n 赚得的钱

6.percentage: n 百分比、百分率；percent n 前用数词(*)

a. More than ten percent of the students didn’t come today.今天有超过10％的学生没有来。

b. A large percentage of schoolbooks now have pictures.现在我所用的教科书当中，一大部分是有图片的。

c. I am a hundred percent sure that he will come.我百分之百地肯定他一定会来的。

7.vary: v 变化、改变；varied adj 有变化的、多样的(*)

a. Holiday jobs are many and varied.假期的工作很多而且种类也很多。

b. people vary very much in their ideas of many things.(注意介词in的用法)人们对于很多事情的看法是有所不同，有所变化的。

c. prices of fruit vary from season to season.一年四季中水果的价格是水这季节的变化而有所不同的。

8.sale: n 出售，sell v 出售

9.charge: v 收费、控告

a. How much do you charge for repairing my shoes?你修我这双鞋收我多少钱？

有…); 9.public works(公共设施); 10.municipal buildings(市政建筑); https://www.sodocs.net/doc/cc10037305.html,plain about(抱怨某事); https://www.sodocs.net/doc/cc10037305.html,e sth in the wrong way(错误的使用…); 13.spend…on(在某件事情上花费…); 14.tend to(通常); 15.agree on(同意某事)。

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