托福阅读单词题大总结

托福阅读单词题大总结

a matter of speculation--supposition(speculation的同义词)

Abandoned==Left（原形leave有“遗弃”的意思）

Abort中止，中断==Quit abortion

Absorb==Take in吸收

abstract=not concrete

Abundant=plentiful/numerous

access=reach

accessible=easy to reach

accommodate供给，容纳=provide for

accomplished=achieved

accomplished完成的，熟练的=skilled,

account叙述，故事=description

accumulate--collect

actually=in fact=virtually

added=extra

Adjusted=modified(adjusted adj.调整过的)

Admit(permit to enter)=let in

Advance=improvement

advent=arrival

advent--introduce

affair=matter

afford--provide

aggravate加重，恶化=increase（e.g.aggravate his pain=increase his pain）agile敏捷的=move and act quickly

agile=astute=clever=quick and active

agile敏捷的=quick and active

alarm=warning

albeit虽然=although

allied with=linked to

allow=enable

ally with与…结盟--link to

Altered=changed

ambivalent矛盾的=mixed

ample=plentiful充足的,丰富的=spacious宽敞的

anchor=hold in a place

Ancient times=antique

ancient=old

Annually=yearly

antiseptic完全干净的，无菌的=clean

Antiseptic消过毒的，杀菌的==Clean

antithesis对立面=opposite

apart from==except for（apart from兼有except和besides两个意思，由上下文决定）apparent--obvious

appeal--attraction

appearance=rise出现，上升

appreciable可察觉到的=noticeable

Appreciable可感知的，值得重视的==Noticeable值得注意的，显而易见的

approach=move toward.

architecture=structure结构，建筑物

archive（v.收集，存档）=stock

archive档案=record

arid=dry

Arid—dry

arise发生，出现=emerge

array=range(array n.排列,编队,军队,衣服,大批vt.部署,穿着,排列)

article（物品）=object

article（项目，条款）=item

Article项目，物品=items

assert=strong statement

assertion=strongly statement

assertion断言，主张==strong statement

assertion主张，断言=strongly statement

asset优点，资产=advantage

assistance=help

assume=take on呈现/suppose,posit假设

astute狡猾且机敏的=clever

attachment to--preference for

attendant--accompanying

attest to证明--confirm,

attribute属性，特征=characteristicattribute(noun.特征，属性)=character

attribute（verb）=credit（attribute…to…=credit…to/with…把…归结于/归功于) augment=increase

available--obtainable

avenue(大路，手段方法)=means=vehicle(传播手段，车辆)

avenue林荫道，方法＝method=vehicle手段，车辆=approach方法；接近

avid渴望的，热心的=enthusiastic

aware of=familiar with

aware of=familiar with

barge驳船=boat

barrier障碍物=obstacle

basic=fundamental

Battle==Struggle

be closer resemblance to=.be more like

be consistent with=be compatible with

beckon=invite

beckoning(引诱人的,令人心动的)=inviting

become extinct=die out

beforehand=foreordain预先，注定

being生命，存在=creatures（米兰昆德拉《生命中不能承受之轻》The Unbearable Lightness of Being）beneficial--advantageous

blossom=flourish

Blossom开花，兴旺==Flourish

boom--expansion

boost--raise

breed=reproduce(breed v.(使)繁殖,教养,抚养n.品种,种类)

brilliant--bright

broad appeal=popular

broadly=extensively

Broadly==Extensively

Bulk==Great quantity

bulk=great quantity=majority

bulk大多数，大批=majority

bulk大批，大多数=major part

bulk大小，体积，大多数=major

burgeon迅速成长，发芽=expand

camouflage=disguise伪装

camouflage--hide

cardinal（极重要的；深红色的）=fundamental

cardinal=fundamental

Cardinal主要的；北美红雀==Fundamental

Cargo==Shipment

Cargo船货；货船=shipment装船，装载的货物

celebrated=famous

central中心的，重要的=essential.

Certain=specified指定的

channel引导=direct/guide

chaotic混乱的=disorganized无组织的

Chaotic==Disorganized

cherish=valued珍爱；爱惜

cherished珍爱的=valuable

chisel==carve

chronic---constant–confirmed慢性的；证实的

chronically慢性地，长期地=constant

chronic慢性的=confirmed（慢性的，证实的）

classic--typical

clear=visible

close--careful

collaborate=cooperate

collaborate=cooperate;

collaboration协作=joint effects

collect＝gather

collide with==run into

collide=hit each other

collide=hit each other

collision=hit each other

commemorate--celebrate

compel=push

complement=supplement=add to

Completely==Totally

completely=totally

Complicated==Complex

Component=constituent组分，要素

Composition作文，成分，混合物＝mixture comprehensive=understandable

comprise包含；构成，组成=form

Comprising==Forming

comprising=forming（comprise由。。。组成，包含）configuration=arrangement

confine--limit

Confront面对—face

consecutive连续的=successive

consequence（结果；重要性）=significance; consequence=result/importance

consequence=importance/significance

Consequence==result结果

consequent=resulting

consequently--therefore/thus

Conserve==Save

conserve=save

consider=think about

consider=think about

consistently=regularly

conspicuous显著的=notable

constant=stable

constantly=always

constantly经常的，不断的=always

constellation（群集；星群）=collection

constituent--component

constraint=limit

constraints=restriction限制

Consume==Eat up

continual=constant

contrive发明，设计；图谋=create

convert to=change to

Converted into==Changed into

convert--transform

conviction=strong belief

conviction（深信；定罪）=strong belief

convinced=strong belief

cope应付，处理=deal

copious丰富的=plentiful

correspondence一致=harmonies

costly=expensive

counsel劝告，忠告=advice.

counsel忠告=advise

counter=oppose

counter=oppose

counter of=in the opposite of

counter of=in the opposition of

counterpart--version

countervail补偿，抵消;对抗=compensate/oppose couple--associate

Covered==Included

crawl爬行=move

crest鸟冠，顶部=peak

critical--essential

crushed=ground(grind)碾碎了的,打碎了的

curb控制=control

dangle--hang

daring--bold

debate--argue

degree=extent

delicate=dainty

delicate=dainty

delicate=dainty精美的

delight=pleased

delight=pleasure

deluxe豪华的=lavish

deluxe豪华的=lavish

demand=need

demise死亡=extinct

dependable=reliable

depict=portray

depict=portray描写,描绘

depletion=drain排干，流尽，耗尽

deposit=laid down存储，贮藏，放弃，放下

derive得自=arise起因于

design=create

detractor n.诽谤者,恶意批评者=critic

detrimental=harmful

Devise=Create

devise设计，发明=create

devoid of=without

devoted to--concentrated on

diffuse=travel

dilute冲淡=reduce;

dim=decrease

disassembled分解，解开=broke apart

disassemble分解=break

Discarded==Threw up

discernible=noticeable可辨别的

discernible可辨别的==discriminating识别的,有差别的discharge=release

disintegrate=fall apart分解

disintegrate分解=tear apart

Dispensable==not necessary

dispersal分散，散布=distribution

dispute--argument

Dissuade==Discourage

distinction=differentiation/excellence/honor distinguish=notice from the difference

Distribute=spread

distribution=dispersion=dispersal

distribution分配，分发；分布=geographic range disturb-upset

diverse=distinct

diversity--varied

diversity多样性=variety

domestic=home

drastic=extreme

dual=double

dual双的=double

duplicate=copy

durable=lasting

eager=enthusiastic

ease---facilitate

elaborate精心制作的，精细的=detailed

elapsed=passed,过去的,经过的

element因素，气候因素=weather condition

eliminate消除=remove（笔试中曾有extract（提取，榨出）=remove）embed=implant

embedded--encased

embedded内含的，嵌入的=enclosed被附上的

Emergence==Appearance

Emergence出现==Appearance

Emergency紧急情况=crisis

employ=use

Enable==Allow

enclosure--surrounding

encourage=stimulate激励，刺激

endangered(将要绝种的)=not abundant

endeavor=enterprise

endeavor努力=enterprise进取心，干事业

endeavor=enterprise努力

engage=involve

enhance=intensify

enlist征募，谋求=obtain

Enlist征募，谋取==Obtain

enormous=great

Enrich==Enhance

enroll to one=combine

Ensue跟着发生==Result

ensue继起，随着发生==result以...为结果，发生了

Ensure==Guarantee

Entail(使必需,使蒙受,使承担)=involve(使卷入使牵连，使参与) enthusiastic=eager热切的，渴望的

equilibrium平衡=balance

eradicate=removed completely

Eradicate根除==Remove completely

era--period

erect矗立，建立=build

Erratic(不稳定的，古怪的)=irregular

essential=crucial至关重要的

establishment--formation

Estimation==Evaluation

euphoric=extremely happy

Evenly(evenly adv.均匀地,平坦地)=equally?

eventual=later

eventually=ultimately

evidence=proof

evidence=proof

evoke（引起，唤醒）=promote

evoke=stimulate

exaggerate=overstated

exaggerate==overstate

exaggerate=overstate

excavate挖掘=dig

excavation=dug-out挖掘

exceed=beyond above超越,胜过

exceeded=surpassed

exceedingly--extremely

exercise练习，运用=use

exhibit(n.v.展示，陈列)=feature

expand=increase

expand=increase

expanse区域--area

expediency便利=advantage

Expend==Use

expend花费＝use

Explicitly==Clear

expose to--subject to

express=communicate(e.g.some concerns about forest are expressed till early1900.) expressed--communicated

extant现存的=not extinct

extend=Stretch

extend=reach

Extended==Stretched

extol=praise

Extraneous(无关紧要的，外来的)=inessential,from outside

extraordinary非凡的，特别的=exceptional异常的，例外的

far-reaching（深远的，广大的）=extensive,

fashionable=popular

fashioned out of=made from

feast宴会—eating,

feast:=eating

ferry摆渡，渡运==transport

fertile肥沃的；有繁殖力的=reproductive

flake=fragment

flexible=adaptable

float=stay on the top

float upward--rise

flourish=prosper

flourishing=prospered

flourishing--thriving

flourish---prosperous=thriving

flourish繁茂的=thriving

fluctuating=changing

Fluctuation==Variation

focal point焦点=centre area

follow=track跟踪

for instance=for example

forage==feed

foster=encourage

foster=promote，encourage

foster抚育，鼓励==encourage

fragment--break up

fragmentize裂成碎片=break up

Function==Utility

function=utility

Fund==Money

fundamental=basic基础的

funds=money

gap缺口，裂口=opening

Given=particular

govern统治，管理，支配=regulate管制，控制，调节ground=reason理由，原因

groundless=unfounded无根据的

Groundless=Unfounded没有理由的

groundwork基础，地基；基本原理=foundation,basis,base hampering妨碍，牵制=restricting

hamper--make difficulty

harness=utilize

harsh=drastic

haul(拖拉,拖运)=pull

have nothing to do=in no relation to

Havoc严重破坏==destruct

hazard=danger

heed--notice

heighten--increase

Heightening(提高，升高)=increasing

hence=therefore

hide=conceal

hinder阻碍，打扰=interfere with

hint暗示，提示=indication

hobby业余爱好=pastime消遣，娱乐

hold(把握，坚持，持有，支持)=support

hold--keep up

host of大量--great number

however＝yet

Hub中心=center

identical=the same

ignite点燃=set on fire

illusion=impression

immediately=closest(说类人猿是人类最近的进化祖先)

immense=great

immigration=movement

immobility固定，静止=fixed

immoral==improper

immoral不道德的=improper

implausible=unbelievable

implausible=unbelievable

implement工具=tool工具

imposing令人难忘的=impressive

imposing令人难忘的=impressed

imprecise=inexact不准确

in fact=actually

In quantity--in a large amount of

in respect to:in term of关于

in respect to=in respect of=respecting=with respect to（respect这些词组都是关于的意思）In respect to=in terms of就。。。来说

in spite of that:HOWEVER?/font>

inaccessible=unreachable

inauspicious--unfavorable

incidental--minor point

incoherently无条理的

incorporable（adj.可结合的,可包含的）=included

Incorporate（合并，混合）=include

Incorporate==Merge

incorporate--include

incorporating---including(不确定)

incursion=invasion入侵

indicate=demonstrate

indigenous本土的----native

indispensable必不可少的=significant

indispensable绝对必要的=essential/necessary

ineffective=without result，

ineffectively=with out any result

inert=motionless

inevitable=unavoidable

infirm--weak

inflate膨胀---expand；

infrastructure基础设施=foundation

ingenious adj.机灵的,有独创性的,精制的,具有创造才能

ingenuity--resourcefulness

inherent in=characteristic of

Inherent固有的==Character of

inhibit Chinder

inhospitable不好客的；不适宜生命/生长的=unfavorable不宜的，不顺利的initially=originally

initially=originally

initiate=begin;

innovative=new

Instant(adj.N.片刻，瞬间)=moment

Insufficient==Inadequate

intact未被碰过的=unaffected

intense=strong

intimidating威吓,胁迫

invade--move into

invaluable--highly useful

Invariably=always

irreparable不能挽回的=permanent永久性的(irreparable damage==permanent damage) isolated隔离的=separated分开的

jeopardy=threaten

jolting--shocking

Judge(判断，评价)=estimate

juncture结合点=connection

key--significant

lack--without

ladings船货=cargos shipment

landscape=scenery

Largely==Mostly

largely=mostly

largely=mostly

launch=start

launch---start

Launch启动，发起；发射==Initiate

Leisure==Free time

leisurely从容不迫地=slowly

liberal宽大的，慷慨的，自由主义的=extensive

liberal宽大的，自由主义的=extensive；

Linked==Connected

linked--connected

listening注意的,收听的=advertent=attendant=attentive=observing=watchful locale场所=place

locale（现场，场所）=place

lucrative有利可图的=profitable

Lucrative==Profitable

lucrative=profitable

Lucrative有利的；赚钱的=Profitable

lucrative有利的=profitable

luxuriant=thriving

maintain-continue

make their way=travel

mandatory=required,obligatory

mandatory=required

mandatory命令的,强制的=required

Manifest=reveal

Manifest==Reveal

manifest=reveal展示

mask=disguise伪装

mask=cover遮避掩护

matter=issue

Maximum=the greatest size

mean平均，卑贱的=average

mean平均值；卑贱的；吝啬的=average

Merely==Simply

milestone--significant development("milestone"---significant events)

mimic模仿，仿制品=copy

minuscule--tiny

minute--tiny

minute=tiny

minutely详细地,精密地--finely

mirror反映=reflect

misconception=wrong idea

misleading=inaccuracy

Misleading==Inaccurate

misunderstanding＝wrong idea

mock嘲弄，模仿=pretend

mock嘲笑；模仿=pretend假装

modest=limited有节制的

modification--alteration

monitored--observed

monopolize--dominate

monotone单调的=tedious乏味的

monotonous--boring

moreover=in addition

moreover=in addition

moreover=in addition此外

Moreover-additionally

motif--pattern

mundane世俗的，平凡的=ordinary

mundane世俗的，平凡的=ordinary

myriad=innumerable==innumerous

myriad无数的=innumerable

myriad无数的=numerous

narrow=limit

nature--character

nearly=almost

nearly---almost

needless to say=obvious(注意：选项中not to say迷惑了一批人) nevertheless=however;

nocturnal==nighttime

Note==Record

note--record

notwithstanding--despite

obscure模糊的＝not clear

obscure=conceal

obtain--acquire

occasion-event

occasion场合，事件=event

of legitimacy=lawful

of likelihood=probable

offset抵消，弥补=balance

old male=aged male

Omit==Neglect

omit遗漏=exclude

on the contrary=on the other hand

on the contrary=whereas

onset=beginning

option=choice选项,选择

originally=at the first

ornamentation=decoration装饰的

ornament装饰=decorate

outbreak=sudden increase

paradoxical似非而是的，似乎矛盾但其实有道理的=seemingly contradictory paradoxically=seemingly contradictory

paradoxically=seemingly contradictory

parcel out=distribute

pare away---remove

Patch斑点；碎片==Spot

patchy杂凑的；斑驳的，补丁的=irregular参差不齐的，不规则的Peak=highest point

peak=maximum

Peak==time of the greatest period

peak=in the middle of the largest strengthen

peculiar=strange

peculiar==strange

penetrate=enter

penetrate=enter进入

perceptible=noticeable=appreciable

Peril==Danger

Perilous==Dangerous

perilous=dangerous=risk

periodically=from time to time

perishable容易腐烂的=easy to spoil

permanent=lasting

permit=allow

perpetual永久的=constant不变的，持续的

pertinent=relevant

Pertinent=relevant;

phenomenal异常的/非凡的；现象的/显著的==extraordinary piecing=joining连接物

pigmentation染色=color

pigmentation染色=coloring

Pinnacle=high point

Pledge(保证,誓言)=Promise

Plumage羽毛=feather

pore=space

pore--hole

pose==present

posit假设=assume

postulate=presume=hypotheses假定

potential-possible

potential--possible

practically(几乎，差不多)=nearly

precede=come before

Preceded==Came before

precede领先，在...之前==beyond超过，超越

precision=accuracy

Precision==Accuracy

predicament:difficult situation

predicament--serious situation

predominantly=mainly

preeminent卓越的=foremost最重要的

premise=assumption

Premise前提v.假设=assume

premise=assumption

preordain=appoint指定，约定

preordain预先注定命运的=foreordain

prerequisite=something required(something needed to happen)

preserve=retain保持，保留

preserve=save=retain保存

preserve保护，保存=protect

presumable--probably

prevailing=dominant

Previous=Past

previously--before

primarily=mainly

primarily=mainly

primary--dominant

Primitive(原始的，早期的，朴实无华的)=early

primitive=early

Principal=dominant

principal--main

principle--rule

prior-----previous

priority优先=ranking preference

prize珍视=value

procure(获得，取得acquire,obtain/实现，完成=bring about,effect,procure a solution) procurement=obtain

procurement--obtain

procure获得=obtain

prohibited=extremely(e.g.prohibited high cost)

Pronounced显著的，明确的==Definite明确的

propel驱使，推进=push推动

property财产，特征=characteristic=attribute(名词意为“特征，属性”)

property=characteristic=quality品质，性质

property财产，特征=characteristic

proponent=supporter

prosper=succeed

prosperous--wealthy,

Protrude==Stick out伸出

protrude突出=stick out伸出

protruding--projecting

proximity=closeness=nearness

proximity to=close to

proximity接近=nearness

proximity--closeness

radical(基础的，根本的)=fundamental

radical(激进的)=drastic

radical--extreme

radically根本地=completely

ramification分支--branch

ramification结果,衍生物--consequence;

range(vi.变化)=vary

range=vary

rare---scarce;

rate估价，鉴定等级=classify分类，分等

Rate坚定等级，估价==Classify分类，分等

rather=instead相反地/in some degree在某种程度上，相当地Rather than=instead of

rather than=instead of

Readily==Easily

Readily=easily

readily=easily

realm=area

reap收割，收获=obtain

recharge再充电=refill再装满

refine=improve

refreshing--unusual

Refuse==Garbage

Refuse垃圾---Garbage

regardless=without considering

regulate控制，调节=control

reinforce=strengthen

Reinforce==Strengthen

relative=comparative

relative=comparative比较的

relatively=comparatively

relatively=comparatively

relatively＝comparatively

relevant adj.有关的,相应的

remarkable--incredible

Remedy(治疗)=cure,

remnant=remaining残余

remote--far away

rendering表现，表演=presentation

rendering表现=presentation

Render致使，造成；给予，呈递==Make

replicas复制品--copies,

reputation＝fame

Resident==Inhabitant

restricted=limited

reveal=manifest/show

revenues税收=income

revival复兴，复活=restoration恢复revolution—dramatic change

revolutionize=dramatic change

right（to some place）一直向。。。地方=all the way

rigidly坚硬地，严格地=strictly

rigorous?/span>=demanding

Rigorous==Harsh

rigorous--demanding.

rigorous严厉的，严峻的，严酷的=harsh粗糙的，严酷的rise出现,上升=emerge

risky=dangerous

rival=compete对手，竞争者

Rival=competitor

Rival==Compete

roam徘徊，漫游=wander

roam（漫游，徘徊）=wander

role=function

rooted in=based on

rotate=turn转动，旋转

route--path

routinely=commonly

rudiment=basic

rupture--burst

sacred=holy

sample=example

sank（sink的过去式）=descended;dropped to the bottom Save for除。。。之外=Except for

save for=except for

scant=minimum

Scant缺乏的，不足的==Minimal

scented有香味的=fragrant

scope=extent

scope=extent

scope=extent范围

Scope范围==Extent

scorching--exceedingly hot

scrap=fragment

Seething沸腾的---overflowing/excited/active segment=portion

segment＝portion

seize抓住=take

Serene平静的==Calm

serene平静的=calm

set in motion(e.g.set the plan in motion)?/span>=start Severe=harsh

shield--protect

shift=change

shiver=tremor颤抖，震动

Short stride==Short steps

shrink=contract收缩

Shrink===contract

shy away from--avoid

significant--meaningful

significant=considerable=important

Significantly==Considerably

simulated----artificial

Simultaneous(同时发生的)=at the same time simultaneously=at the same time同时地

singularly--particularly

Sink==Drop to the bottom

sited=located

site--location

slight=small

slight=small

snap--break

so far=until present=up to now

so far=until present目前为止

soaked--absorbed

Sole==unique

sole=only

Solicit=request(solicit v.恳求，请求)

solitary=alone

solo单独的=only

sophisticated=refined/elaborated/complex sophisticated=refined

sort---type--kind

sort=type

source=origin

Span跨度，跨越的时间==Period

sparse---not rich

spawn--create

spawn产卵，产生=produce

specific=particular

Specified(详细说明)=stated

spectacular引人入胜的=impressive印象深刻的spectator=viewer

spectator观众=human viewer

speed加速＝increase the rate of

split--divided

spontaneous=unplanned

sporadic=intermittent/irregular

sporadic时有时无的，零星的=irregular

spot=catch

spot--identify

spot认出，看到==see

spread=distribute散布，分布

spur--stimulus

staggering摇晃的;犹豫的;压倒的(多数)=overwhelming staple--important

staunch坚定的=strong

staunch坚定的=strong坚固的

Staunch坚定的==Strong

stealthily悄悄地，暗地里=silently

stem from---grow out of

stem滋生=arise

stimulate=prompt促使

stimulate=cause

string线,绳子;一行,一系列=series

sturdy=strong

stylus铁笔，针状物=pen

subject to=vulnerable to

subsequent(后来的，随后的)=later

substantial=significant=considerable=essential Substantial实质的；丰富的==Essential

substitute=replace

substitute=replacement

substitute代替=replace

succession----series

Suited==Appropriated

suited=appropriate

suited=appropriated

sumptuous--luxurious

supplant=replace,substitute

surmise=guess

Surmise猜测==Guess Surmise==Assumption surpassed超越的=superior

surplus=extra

surplus---extra

surplus剩余==excess过剩

susceptible to=prone to

suspect=doubt

sustenance生计，生活=living

sustenance食物，生计=food

swell--enlargement---expand

Swiftly==Quickly

Swiftly==Quickly

symmetric对称的，均衡的---balance

tailspin混乱＝total confusion

take place=occur

tangible---physical,material

taper逐渐变小---diminish---收缩

task=work

technique=method

Technique==Method

teemed with--were full of

Tempting诱惑人的=appealing吸引人的；恳求的tendency==inclination

tenet---principle/belief

terminal=final

Terrain==Tract

testify证明=give evidence

therefore=consequently

Therefore==Consequently

thoroughly=completely十分地,完全地,彻底的threatening=endangering

thrive=flourish

tie=relation

tie关系，连接=connection

Toil苦干==Work

tolerant=endure

toxic=poisonous

toxic=poisonous有毒的

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历年托福词汇题汇总440题(有答案)

历年托福词汇题汇总440题(有答案)

TOEFL词汇题精选440题 001. Most of these leaders were involved in public life as reformers, activists working for women's right to vote, or authors, and were not representative at all of the great of ordinary women. The word "representative" is closest in meaning to which of following? (A) typical (B) satisfied (C) supportive (D) distinctive 002. In the United States, Louis Comfort Tiffany (1843-1933) was the most noted exponent of this style, producing a great variety of glass forms and surfaces, which were widely copied in their time and are highly prized today. The word "prized" is closest in meaning to which of following? (A) valued (B) universal (C) uncommon (D) preserved 003. The Art Nouveau style was a major force in the decorative arts from 1895 until 1915, although its influence continued throughout the mid-1920's. It was eventually to be overtaken by a new school of thought known as Functionalism that had been present since the turn of the century. The word "overtaken" is closest in meaning to which of following? (A) surpassed (B) inclined (C) expressed (D) applied 004. During most of their lives, surge glaciers behave like normal glaciers, traveling perhaps only a couple of inches per day. However, at intervals of 10 to 100 years, these glaciers move forward up to 100 times faster than usual. The word "intervals" is closest in meaning to which of following? (A) records (B) speeds (C) distances (D) periods 005. The increasing water pressure under the glacier might lift it off its bed, overcoming the friction between ice and rock, thus freeing the glacier, which rapidly sliders downhill surge glaciers also might be influenced by the climate, volcanic heat, or earthquakes. The word "freeing" is closest in meaning to which of following? (A) pushing (B) releasing (C) strengthening (D) draining 006. A flood of ice would then surge into the Southern Sea. With the continued rise in sea level, more ice would plunge into the ocean, causing sea levels to rise even higher, which in turn would release more ice and set in motion a vicious cycle. The word "plunge" is closest in meaning to which of following? (A) drop (B) extend (C) melt (D) drift 007. Group members look to instrumental leaders to "get things done." Expressive leadership, on the other hand, is leadership that emphasizes the collective well-being of a social group's members. The word "collective" is closest in 2