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新世纪高等院校英语专业本科生系列教材写作教程第三部分参考答案

新世纪高等院校英语专业本科生系列教材写作教程第三部分参考答案
新世纪高等院校英语专业本科生系列教材写作教程第三部分参考答案

PART II FOCUS

The teacher is expected to help stude nts appreciate the effects of using participles and absolutes in their writ ings

Participles

Getti ng to know participles

Refere nee for the excises

Refere nee for the Classroom Activities

1. Sentence b: handing (describ ing she)

Sentence c: wan deri ng, pick ing (both describ ing frie nds);

Sentence d: made (used with had to in dicate the past perfect ten se)

Sentence e: surprised (describ ing Tigger);

Sentence f. filled (used with were to in dicate the passive voice)

Sentence g. stari ng (describ ing Tigger)

Sentence h: left (describ ing nothing) ; check ing (describ ing Roo)

Sentence i: looking (describing Pooh)

Sentence j. looking (describing Roo);

Sentence k. gone (used with have to in dicate the prese nt perfect ten se)

Sentence l: picking (describing friends), fallen (describing raspberries)

Sentence m. waiting (used with was to indicate the present continuous ten se)

2. a. smili ng b. Readi ng

Refere nee for the Classroom Activities

1. Refer to the above table for the meanings of the present participles.

2. a. The computer bought last week brings happ in ess to every one in my family.

b. B eing back in my hometow n, I did n't know that my professor had assig ned ano ther 5,000-word paper.

c. S tanding in front of the picture pain ted by a post-impressi oni st, many people

prete nded that they could un dersta nd it. / Many people stood in front of the picture pain ted by a post-impressi oni st, prete nding that they could un dersta nd it.

d. L ooking out of the window of the train, the boy was amusedby the power lines

dancing up and dow n in the air.

Extra Activities

Combineeach of the following groups of sentences into one sentence using participles

a. She was born in a common family.

She was educated in an average college.

c. Swimmi ng

e. men ti oned

g. published, informing

Complex participle phrases

d. compet ing f. Jump ing, throw n, broke n h. Having, exhausted, relieved

She is satisfied with her present life.

b. The students have finished their exams.

They feel greatly relieved.

As a result, they plan to play cards the whole night

c. Jimmy set his feet into the starting blocks.

He stared ahead intently.

d. Larry was sitting in a corner of the pub.

Larry held his head in his hands.

Larry was so depressed that even the best joke in the world couldn't cheer him up.

Suggested answers to the Extra Activities

a. Born in a common family and educated in an average college, she is satisfied with her present life.

b. Having finished their exams and feeling greatly relieved, the students plan to play cards the whole night.

c. Jimmy set his feet into the starting blocks, staring ahead intently.

d. Holding his head in his hands, Larry was sitting in a corner of the pub, so depressed that even the best joke in the world couldn't cheer him up.

B. Participles with conjunctions

Suggested answers to the question

Structure: They are all composed of a conjunction and a participle, and the noun in the main clause is the logical subject or object.

Meaning: Sentence a: time; Sentence b: concession; Sentence c: condition.

Reference for the Classroom Activities

1. a. Kate fell asleep when/while reading Bob's letter.

b. She started to chat with her friend after finishing / having finished her work.

c. Although having seen it a thousand and one times, the old man still watches

the video from time to time.

d. Although closely watched by the guards, the prisoner plans to escap

e.

e. It is believed that if read many times, an article will naturally be understood.

f. If buying more, you can pay less.

2. Ask students to work on their own and write two sentencesfor each of the types.

Getting to know participles' functions

A. Creating concise sentences

Suggested answers to the questions

1. Yes.

2. There are two complete ideas in each sentence.

3. The relationship between the two complete ideas becomes closer from Sentence a through Sentence d. Sentence d has the closestrelationship between the two ideas

4. Sentence d is the most efficient.

B. Producing more detailed sentences

Suggested answers to the question

In Group a, Sentence 2 is the best, in which the present participles describe live animated actions. In Group b, the best sentence is also Sentence 2, in which the actions are simultaneous. In Group c, Sentence3 is the best sentencein which the present participle and the past participle are combined most efficiently.

C. Establishing clearer logic

Refere nee for the Classroom Activities

1. a. Thinking about her kid at home, Judy made several mistakes in her work.

b. The car raced along the street, sending passers-by to run for shelter. / Racing along the street, the car sent passers-by to run for shelter.

c. Born in Guangzhou and educated in Nanjing, she is now working as a man ager in Beiji ng.

d. Having bee n shocked and chased by a ferocious dog, the thief hid beh ind a dustbin, holding his breath for fear of being found.

e. The bomb blew up in the distanee, shaking the ground slightly and making bursts of light on the dark horiz on.

2. a. Heari ng the n ews, I thought the world had en ded for me.

b. I sat happily in my chair, read ing a n ewspaper.

c. (correct)

d. Shocked at the sight of his teacher, the boy stood there dumbfo un ded.

e. Having lived there for twenty years, I know this place like the back of my hand.

3. Ask stude nts to go over their writ in gs, and pay atte nti on to their use of the participles.

Absolutes

Gett ing to know absolutes

Suggested an swers to the exercise

1. An absolute construction is a participle phrase whose logical subject is different from

the sentence subject.

2. A. determ iner + n. + participle verb + other parts of the participle phrase

B. n. + participle verb+ other parts of the participle phrase

C. n. + other parts of the participle phrase

Reference for the Classroom Activities

Ask students to work on their own and write three sentences using different forms of absolute constructions.

Using absolutes with purpose

A. Adding descriptive details

Suggested answers to the exercise

You can get the following sentences:

a + b: The manager sat quietly in his office, his eyes closed, a cigarette burning his hand.

c + d: Sam walke

d slowly off th

e playground, his face streaked with tears, his leg bleeding.

What's more, participles and absolutes, although somewhat different, can be used together to create vivid descriptions. For example:

The girl sat nervously in her office, eyes closed, waiting for the telephone to ring.

The middle-aged man stood in the street corner, hands put in his pockets, eyeing every passer-by.

B. Indicating cause-effect relationships

In most cases, when the absolute is used for description, it is put at the end of the sentence; when it is used to suggest a cause-effect relationship, it is put at the beginning of the sentence.

Reference for the Classroom Activities

1. a. The boy leaned against a tree, hands in pockets.

b. He glared at his boss, his mouth shut, and his hands clenched.

c. The interviewee entered the office, her eyes fixed on her feet.

d. The rabbit stared at the approaching wolf, his four feet fixed to the ground, to frightened to mov

e.

e. The girl was enjoying her favorite song, her eyes shut, her head moving from side to side.

2. a. Two of my new bikes having got stolen here, I will never come to this place again.

b. Several flecks coming upon her face again, she doesn't want to meet her boyfriend today.

c. Its bottom torn open by a bomb, the ship sank slowly into the sea.

d. Its overseas advertisements being rather successful, the school has

attracted many

foreign students.

e. The accountant being careless, I was given $1,000 more last month.

3. Ask students to look at their written work again, and see if they can combine some sentences by using absolutes. This can be done either as individual or group/pair work.

PART III GRAMMAR

Comma-Split Sentences

Suggested answers to the questions

1. There are two ideas in each sentence. The two ideas are connected by a comma.

2. No, the relationship is not clear. We can try to use some compound or subordinate conjunctions to clarify the relationship.

3. See the rules in the summary.

Reference for the Classroom Activities

a. I had no idea what I was getting into, and I did not really care.

b. You can't go home now since it is raining so heavily.

c. Seeing the escaping thief, the cop stopped his car, got off, and started to chase him

d. If you study hard, you will succeed.

e. When she said "Yes," he felt he was in heaven.

Now, ask students to summarize the rules against comma-split sentences Summary

1. When we use a comma to connect two separate ideas, or two independent

sentences, we commit a comma-split;

2. Comma-split sentences are not acceptable because a comma is not strong enough

to indicate the relationship between two ideas;

3. Comma-split sentences can be improved by clarifying the relationship between the

two ideas. Commonly used methods are:

新世纪高等院校英语专业写作教程第一册Unit14课后答案(供参考)

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新世纪大学英语综合教程第一册课后答案(全)

2. (1) obtain (2) confident (3) communicate (4) advantage (5) relevant (6) helpful (7) extreme (8) enjoyable (9) means (10) process (11) particularly (12) characters (13) astonished (14) apparently 3. (1) fond of (2) is…related to (3) according to (4) To a certain degree (5) vice versa (6) no doubt (7) rid… of (8) cleare d up (9) or else (10) at all costs (11) sure enough (12) let alone (13) similar to (14) It’s no use (15) in my opinion (16) was worth (II)Increasing Your Word Power 1. (1) c (2) d (3) b (4) b

(5) b (6) d

2. (1) highly/very (2) quite/very (3) quite/very/increasingly (4) quite/simply/very 3. 4.No Mistake especial→ especially necessarily → necessary frequent → frequently No Mistake ea sily → easy No Mistake i ndividually → individual m uch → many h igh → highly a pparently → apparent r emarkably → remarkable p robable → probably No Mistake (III)Grammar Task 1: (1)would/should (2) should/would (3) might (4) would

英语专业写作教程第二册复习资料

◆段落写作方法一:Development by time(Linking devices) 1.根据日期,小时,月份写时间 ◆段落写作方法二:Development by space(Linking words of location and direction) 1.水平(左到右):to the left, to the right, next to 2.垂直(上到下):below在下面, under, 3.纵深(里面到外面):in front, in back, behind在后面, beyond 4.环形(从东到西,再由西到东):on the opposite side, across 5.放射形(从近到远):foreground to background

◆段落写作方法三:Process analysis(Step by step) 1.in detail from beginning to end 2.Follow the order of the actual steps 3.explanation or classification to further clarify the procedure. (more typical) 例子: ●first,then,after this,now,when all this is done,finally...... ● A festival for the Dead is held once a year in Japan. This festival is a cheerful occasion, for on this day, the dead are said to return to their homes and they are welcomed by the living. Food is laid out for them as they are expected to be hungry after their long journey home. prepared and specially made are the lanterns, which are hung outside each help the dead their way. people keep dancing and singing all night long the early morning. the food that had been laid out for the dead is now thrown into a river or into the sea as it is considered unlucky for anyone living to eat it. In thrown that are near the sea, the tiny hung in the streets the night before, are placed into the water. This of the festival. Thousands of lanterns slowly drift out to sea guiding the dead on their return journey to the other world. This is a moving spectacle, for crowds of people stand on the shore watching the lanterns drifting away until they can be seen no more. ◆段落写作方法四:Development by exemplification 1.Specific 具体 2.And relevant相关的 3.Sufficient充分的(比如说多个例子)

英语专业 写作教程Unit 7

Unit7 PART III GAMMAR Lack of Unity Now ask student to summarize the rules of unity. Faulty Parallelism Suggested answers to the exercise a.She hopes to spend this holiday either in Shanghai or in Suzhou. b.Showing/ To show sincerity and keeping /to keep promises are the basic requirements of a real friend. c.I want to know how big this house is and when it was built. d.In the past ten years, Mr. W eir has been a waiter, a tour guide, and a teacher of English. Now ask students to summarize the rule of against faulty parallelism.

Reference for the Classroom Activities a.(U) This is my favorite beer. Or: The Egyptians started to drink beer almost 5.000 years ago. b.(U) My first English teacher stayed in Britain for five years. Or: my first English teacher is bad cook. c.(P) Taking a walk alone or chatting with a friend over the phone can greatly relax your tension. d.(U) China has a large population. Or: Many people in the States like Chinese food. e.(U, P) Learning to speak English and use computer is important for finding a good job in the future. f.(U) Practice like drawing eggs can lay a solid foundation for an artist.

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