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综合学术英语教程练习答案解析

综合学术英语教程练习答案解析
综合学术英语教程练习答案解析

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Unit Two

Task1Familiarizing Yourself with Classif ication

1.Skim the f ollowing passage f or the answ ers to the questions below.

1) Man-made or anthropogenic causes, and natural causes.

2) Pollution (burning fossil fuels, mining coal and oil, etc.), the production of CO

2

( the increase of

population, the demolition of trees, etc.)

is a greenhouse gas that traps heat in the Earth’s atmosphere.

3) CO

2

4) Classif ication helps us to determine and understand the relationship of the parts

of a subject which is studied by us. Classification is made on the basis of a clear

definition.

5) In order to make a clear and logic classification, one needs to follow a principle

of classification and go on with a system consistently. For example, the

categories of classification should be mutually exclusive and no overlapping is

allowed.

Reading1Causes for Global Warming

Task2Understanding Lectures through Classification

Listening1

1.Listening to the lectur e and write down wha tev er y ou believ e is impor tant, especially

the

classif ica tions of key terms.

Unconscious motivation, unconscious conflict, the id, the ego, the superego, etc.

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/d712486735.html,e y our notes.Decide if the sta tements below ar e true(T)or false(F).Then justify

y our answ ers,in the space pr ovided,b y giving evidence fr om the talk.

1) T 2) F 3) F 4) F 5) T 6) F 7) T 8) F

3.Listen again,paying a ttention to the f ollowing classif ica tions and then complete the tables below.

Idea One: The existence of an unconscious motivation

Idea Two: The notion of unconscious dynamics or conflict

4.Listen again and piece y our notes together into a shor t summar y.Then r etell the lectur e to

y our par tner.

There are two interesting ideas in Freud’s theory: first, the existence of unconscious motivation; second, the concept of unconscious conflict. Freud believes that

unconscious motivation might play an important role in a lot of situations, such as marriage, forgetting a person’s name, calling out the wrong name etc. In his view, there are three processes going on in the head, namely, id, ego and superego, which are in violent internal conflict. Id functions on“the Pleasure Principle”, while ego works on “the Reality Principle”and superego is the internalized rules of a society.

Ego is in between id and superego.

Task3Reading Classif ication Articles

Reading2Renewable Energy Sources—A Brief Summary

1.W ork with a par tner or a gr oup of3—4students.Study the title and phr ases in bold

of Reading 2and discuss the f ollowing questions.

1) Renewable energy is energy which comes from natural resources such as

sunlight, wind, rain, tides, and geothermal heat, which are renewable

(naturally replenished).

2) □√T he purpose of using renewable energy sources.

√T he classification of renewable energy sources.

√T he examples of different types of renewable energy sources.

√T he advantages and disadvantages of various types of renewable energy

sources.

√T he history of the use of different energy sources.

□ How energy is obtained from various sources.

3) I will write:

(1) The definition of the renewable energy.

(2) The classification of the renewable energy.

(3) The advantages and the disadvantages of various types of renewable energy

sources.

2.Read the f ollowing questions and scan Reading2f or their answ ers.

1) The signing of the Kyoto Treaty.

2) It converts the sun’s rays into energy.

3) The main demerit is that it is limited.

4) Sailors, farmers and architects.

5) The main advantage is that this doesn’t produce any by-products that can

be harmful to the environment.

6) Because the Earth’s crust continuously decays replenishing the heat.

7) They use the force of the water to push the turbine which in turn

powers a generator thus generating electricity.

8) It poses a problem for fish and aquatic plants on both sides of the dam.

9) They contain no petroleum, and they are nontoxic and biodegradable.

10) The Environmental Protection Agency.

3.Ma tch the tar get wor ds with the de f initions below.You may inf er their meaning

fr om context.

1) j. evolution 2) s. solar 3) a. architect 4) l. geother

) b. biodegradable 7) r. radioactive

8) f. crusade 9) h. distribute

10) q. radiant

11) i. domestic 12) t.

validation

13) k.

generator

14) d.

capture

15) g. definit

16) n. install17) e.

consumption 18) m.

harness

19) o.

internal

20) c. blade

4.F or open discussion

Reading3Types of Pollution

5.Read the de f initions below and choose the wor ds tha t f it these de f initions.

1) voluntary 2) construction 3) contamination 4) eruption 5) regulati 6) deforestation 7) yield 8) irrigation 9) confine 10

11) hazardous12)

residential 13) vapor14) decay15) erosion

16) disrupt17)

particulate 18) underground19)

concentration

20) combat

6.Ma tch each paragr aph with its main idea.

7.Decide which of the sta tements can be inferr ed fr om Reading3,and then write down the number

of the paragr aph(s)fr om which y our answer most pr obably comes,leaving the explicit

or false sta tements unnumbered,but using E or F r espectiv ely to indica te tha t they

ar e explicit or false. Discuss y our answ ers with a par tner.

Task4Writing an Essay of Classif ication

Reading4Types of Sustainability

1.F ill in the blanks to complete the main ideas and the suppor ting details.

5.Study the f ollowing models,and then par aphr ase the sentences below b y changing the order

of a structur e.The new sentences should be as similar as possible in meaning to the original sentences but as diff er ent as possible in structur e and as f ormal as possible in style.

1) Declarative sentences are mostly employed in academic writing,

despite the occasional utilizations of interrogative sentences.

2) To support the truths, reliable evidence is quoted by scholars in all disciplines.

3) Much importance should be attached to the comprehension of the difference between

education and training.

) A person who exposes himself to the sunlight for excessive time is

susceptible to malignant

melanoma.

5) Students doing temporary jobs display a better performance in their academic

studies.

6) American frontier is deeply rooted in many aspects of American character.

7) The direct involvement of many a foreign country is evident in the process

of US territorial expansion.

8) Parents need to equipped with much care and knowledge while raising a kid.

9) Environment plays a vital role in the growth of plants.

10) In the past, Beijing was ravaged by dust storms for 20 days annually.

Integrated Exercises

2.Ma tch each wor d in the box with the gr oup of wor ds tha t r egularly occur with it in all

cases.

1) motivation 2) demolish 3) symptom 4) combat 5)

capture

6) distribute 7) assert 8) yield 9) internal 10)

emergence

11) adherence 12) disrupt

3.F o r each of the sentences below,write a new sentences as similar as possible in meaning

to the original sentence,but as diff er ent as possible in v ocabular y and structur e and

as f ormal as possible in style.You ar e r e quired to use the wor d s giv en in capital letters.

And then compar e them with y our partner’s.

1) Internet access is available in students’ dormitory.

2) If you can harness your energy, you’ll be rewarded with huge

accomplishments.

3) It has been confirmed that foul weather is highly hazardous for sea

navigation.

4) The governmental nuclear waste disposal plan arouses fierce protests of the

local residents.

5) Extinction of this rare species of bird is foreseeable if effective measures

are not taken.

6) While delivering a public speech, a speaker must articulate his/her

arguments.

7) I highly esteem his current research on stem cells.

8) A speaker cannot always secure the cooperation of the audience.

9) The car industry of this country is sheltered by its government from foreign

competition.

10) Even a moderate elevation of blood pressure leads to shortened life

expectancy.

5.T r ansla te the f ollowing sentences into English b y using the phr ase above.Make sur e

tha t y our English sentences ar e as f ormal as possible.Then compar e them with y our

partner’s to see whose v ersion is mor e f ormal.

1) The effective disposal of the recognized sources of pollution demonstrates to be of great aid in the elevation of people’s quality of life.

2) Since the rapid evolution of technology, the lifestyles of the generations ahead of us will witness a revolutionized change.

3) Tapping heat from the Earth enables the residents of resource-poor regions to combat the poor

conditions.

4) The downside of the practice of fertilizing the soil by burning straws is the fact that the released dusts and particles pose a serious problem for the health of the respiratory system.

5) This campaign, organized by environmentally conscious individuals, has a measurable effect on the general improvement of all the people’s environmental protection awareness.

6) The history of deforestation can date back to two millenniums ago, which has deteriorated constantly in the modern time, leading to a huge loss of wildlife habitat. 7) During the visit to Huangshan (Yellow Mountain), the tourists were amazed at how nature works wonders, realizing that beauty is only sustainable if all of us care for the environment around us.

8) Drug abuse is a general degradation of lifestyle, causing immediate health effects.

9) Oil leakage in the mainstream river considerably decreases the quantity of drinkable water;

what’s worse, the adverse effects are not confined to areas near the source.

10) Luckily, the pollution inflicted by this accident will be effectively removed through natural cycles, not having a negative impact on the environment.

Listening2

A.Listen,note down the impor tant ideas and details,and then decide whether the f ollowing

sta tements ar e true or https://www.sodocs.net/doc/d712486735.html,e T f or true and F f or false.

(1) T (2) F (3) F (4) F (5) T (6) F (7) F

B.Listen car e f ully,and then answer the f ollowing questions brie f ly with the informa tion fr om

the lectur e.

(1) The individual’s potential and the importance of growth and

self-actualization. (2) The lower one.

(3) By providing lunch breaks, rest breaks and sufficient wages to purchase

essentials. (4) The love and belonging needs.

(5) They are self-aware, concerned with personal growth, less concerned with the

opinions of other people, and interested in fulfilling their potential.

C.Listen again and write a shor t summar y of the lectur e.

This lecture is about Maslow’s theory of the hierarchy of needs, namely physiological needs, safety needs, social needs, esteem needs, and self-actualization needs. Physiological needs are the most basic and instinctive ones, which must be satisf ied f irst. Safety needs refer to the needs for safety and security, also important for survival. Social needs include the needs for belonging, love and affection, the deprivation of which leads to unhappiness. Esteem needs ref lect on personal worth, social recognition and accomplishment; if unmet, it may lead to inferiority complex. Self- actualization needs are at the highest level, meaning to realize a person’s full potential, capacities

and talents.

Listening3

A.Listen,note down the impor tant ideas and details,and then choose the best answer

to the

f ollowin

g questions fr om the f our choices giv en.

(1) A (2) A (3) D (4) C (5) B

B.Listen again f ocusing on the specif ic informa tion,and then f ill in the blanks with

the missing wor ds.

classically, runny nose, sore throat, intrigued, initially, clinically, alludes to, building up, immune system, creeping up, shuffling, infect, rip through,

hospitalizations.

C.Listen again and answer the f ollowing questions.

(1) B C E

(2) ① ABC ② AB ③ AB ④ AB ⑤ ABC ⑥ C ⑦ A ⑧ A ⑨ A ⑩

AC

【免费下载】综合学术英语教程练习答案

Unit Two Task1Familiarizing Yourself with Classif ication 1.Skim the f ollowing passage f or the answ ers to the questions below. 1) Man-made or anthropogenic causes, and natural causes. 2) Pollution (burning fossil fuels, mining coal and oil, etc.), the production of CO 2( the increase of population, the demolition of trees, etc.) 3) CO 2 is a greenhouse gas that traps heat in the Earth’s atmosphere. 4) Classif i cation helps us to determine and understand the relationship of the parts of a subject which is studied by us. Classification is made on the basis of a clear definition. 5) In order to make a clear and logic classification, one needs to follow a principle of classification and go on with a system consistently. For example, the categories of classification should be mutually exclusive and no overlapping is allowed. Reading1Causes for Global Warming Task2Understanding Lectures through Classif ication Listening1 1.Listening to the lectur e and write down wha tev er y ou believ e is impor tant, especially the classif ica tions of key terms. Unconscious motivation, unconscious conflict, the id, the ego, the superego, etc. https://www.sodocs.net/doc/d712486735.html,e y our notes.D ecide if the sta tements below ar e true(T)or false(F).Then justify y our answ ers,in the space pr ovided,b y giving evidence fr om the talk. 1) T2) F3) F4) F5) T6) F7) T8) F 3.Listen again,paying a ttention to the f ollowing classif ica tions and then complete the tables below. Idea One: The existence of an unconscious motivation Idea Two: The notion of unconscious dynamics or conflict 4.Listen again and piece y our notes together into a shor t summar y.Then r etell the lectur e to y our par tner. There are two interesting ideas in Freud’s theory: first, the existence of unconscious motivation; second, the concept of unconscious conflict. Freud believes that unconscious motivation might play an important role in a lot of situations, such as marriage, forgetting a person’s name, calling out the wrong name etc. In his view, there are three processes going on in the head, namely, id, ego and superego, which are in violent internal conflict. Id functions on“the Pleasure Principle”, while ego works on “the Reality Principle”and superego is the internalized rules of a society. Ego is in between id and superego. Task3Reading Classif ication Articles Reading2Renewable Energy Sources—A Brief Summary 1.W ork with a par tner or a gr oup of3—4students.Study the title and phr ases in bold of Reading 2and discuss the f ollowing questions. 1) Renewable energy is energy which comes from natural resources such as sunlight, wind, rain, tides, and geothermal heat, which are renewable (naturally replenished). 2) √The purpose of using renewable energy sources. √The classification of renewable energy sources. √The examples of different types of renewable energy sources.

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3.Many products for sale seem to scream at us, "Buy me! Buy me!" Advertising is a big busin ess in our world with many products competing for our attention. Think of the last time you boug ht clothes. You probably noticed the variety of colors, patterns, fabrics and brands you could choo se from. Which kind of soft drink would you like to have today or what kind of computer do you want? Advertisers are skilled in the art of making their products look the best to appeal to our se nses. But products aren't always what they seem. Sometimes advertising is deceptive and as cons umers ,we must be careful about what we choose to buy. It is important to learn to compare prod ucts and identify our purpose in purchasing the things we need. But the good thing about advertising is that it helps people to make decisions and refine thei r choices. In the United States, the Ad Council creates timely public service messages to the nation. Th eir purpose is to raise awareness of public problems that citizens can respond to. Inspiring ads ca use individuals to take action and even save lives. Pollution in America, for example has been red uced over the years because of the creative Public Service advertisements that the council provid es" Please, please don't be a litter bug, 'cause every 'litter bit' hurts." Many families have taught t heir children to place litter in the trash can in response to this catchy phrase, which has affected g enerations as each succeeding generation has taught their children not to litter. 4.Nature imposes difficult conditions upon the earth from time to time . The tornado and fo rest fire destroy natural resources ,homes and other structures ,and very often harm or kill peopl e . Technological tragedies happen with little or no warning as we see trains crash and airplanes f all from the sky shortly after take-off. As tragic as calamities are , they seem to bring out the best in human nature . people trained in em ergency care arrive at the scene and begin assisting the inj ured .Others come with equipment to remove debris. Men , women ,and young people willingly c ome to the scene of an accident , hoping to be of help in some way . These selfless acts of kindne ss make our world a better place . compassion eases the wounds of calamities. American Airlines flight number 587 crashed less than three minutes after taking off from JF K Airport in New York in November,2001. Witnesses s aw an engine fire develop on the plane’s nu mber one engine located under the left wing of the aircraft .seconds later ,the airliner crashed int o eight homes ,completely destroying four of them .All 260 people aboard the airplane were kille d along with six people at the crash site ,leaving many people to mourn the loss of their loved on es .the residents (people who live in the area of the crash ) rallied together to comfort those griev ing, while others removed bodies from the wreckage and did the necessary clean-up. 工程实施困难的条件下在地上的时候。龙卷风和森林火灾破坏自然资源,房屋和其他建筑物,和经常伤害或杀死人。技术的悲剧发生在很少或没有预警,因为我们看到火车事故,飞机起飞后不久就从天空坠落。一样悲惨的灾难,他们似乎显示出人性中最好的。在急诊受训的人到达现场并开始帮助受伤的人则跟设备清除残骸。男人,女人,和年轻人自愿来到事故现场,希望能有帮助。这些无私的善举让我们的世界变得更美好。同情减轻灾害的伤口。 美国航空公司587号航班坠毁不到三分钟后从纽约肯尼迪机场起飞,11月2001。目击者看到一个引擎火灾发展在飞机上的1号引擎位于下飞机的左翼,接着后,客机坠毁八家,完全摧毁了四个260名乘客的飞机遇难连同6人在事故现场,造成许多人悼念失去的亲人,居民(住在崩溃的面积)聚集在一起,安慰那些悲伤,而另一些人则从残骸,并把尸体移走必要的清理。 5.Success can be reached in different ways by people in different careers. Bill Gates began at age to program computers,His vision for personal computing has been central to the success of M icrosoft Corporation, the company he founded with his childhood friend in 1975 . The former CEO of General Electric, Jack Welch, is a business legend. A famous quote by Mr. Welch is,” Chang before you have to. ”He believes in leading by example and encourages his empl oyees to do their best every day. Michael Jordan s aid,”I accept failure, but I can’t accept not trying.” He is one of the best athl etes to ever play team sports. His great smile, athletic achievements, and pleasant personality ha ve made him one of the most famous athletes in the world. Michael Jordan spent a lot of time pla ying basketball as a child but in senior middle school he was taken off the team . Instead of giving up , he worked through adversity and became the greatest basketball player yet .

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Key to Exercises Opener Mary is thinking of getting a tattoo tomorrow afternoon. She asks Mel to join her, but Mel cannot because she has to work tomorrow. And then Mary invites Mel to go to a party tomorrow night. Mel hesitates at first, but finally decides to go with Mary. They will meet at eight o’clock. Abbreviation Meaning 1. TGIF Thank God it’s Friday 2. AMA Ask me anything 3. OMG Oh my God! 4. YOLO You only live once 5. FOMO Fear of missing out 6. FYI For your information 7. LOL Laugh out loud 8. TBH To be honest 9. PPL People 10. ETA Estimated time of arrival Transcript: A: Hey, Mary. B: Hey, Mel. A: TGIF.

B: TGIF. A: Mel, I need some advice on something. B: AMA A: Yeah, thanks. I’m thinking of getting a tattoo. B: OMG! Really Are you serious A: Well, YOLO. B: That’s true. A: Well. B: When are you going to do it A: I’m thinking tomorrow afternoon. Do you want to come B: Oh, I’d love to come, but I’ve got to work tomorrow. Oh, major FOMO. A: What a shame! B: Yeah, A: Well, FYI, there’s a party tomorrow night. And if you are not busy, you can come to that instead. B: I’m not busy, but TBH I really need to take it easy this weekend. A: What That’s so not like you. B: LOL, that’s true. A: Party is in Hackney Wick. It’s gonna be good, good music, good PPL. B: Oh, major FOMO again. Oh, what the hell Yes, why not I’ll go.

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Task 2 A contrary to implicit assertion look up adapted Sustain unbiased In the course of metaphor clutter B bolster credible impromptu sparingly anecdote Credentials testimony hypothetical paraphrase juxtaposition Task 3 Translation B.发言提纲是有效发言的基础。通过写发言提纲,你可以确保你的思想是相关联的,你的思路从一点谈到另一点,你的讲话结构是连贯的。通常,准备讲演你可以采用两种提纲方式:详细准备提纲和简单发言提纲。 在准备发言提纲中,应该写出你的特定目的及中心思想,并以连贯的方式确定主要观点和次要观点,发言提纲应该由简要的提要组成,这些提要在你讲话时能够给予你一些帮助。发言提纲还应该包括帮助你记忆的重点词或重点短语。在写发言提纲时,可采用准备提纲的模式,尽可能使你的发言提纲简要,同时,要确保提纲清晰,易于辨认。 C. 1. The younger generation should continue to sustain and develop our fine traditions and long-standing culture. 2. In the course of preparing one’s speech, one should be clearly aware of how one could make effective use of statistics and examples to bolster one’s point of view. 3. An impromptu speech is one of the speaking skills that college students should learn and develop through practice. 4. By using simile and metaphor, you can make your language more vivid and more attractive to your audience. 5. The proper examples you cite might help reinforce the impression on your listeners and make your viewpoints more convincing. 6. When you are speaking, you should choose common and easy words and at the same time avoid clutter in you speech. 7. When you write a paper, citing the views from some experts is a good way to make your ideas more credible. 8. A good method of delivering a speech will improve its quality and will help convey the speakers’ ideas clearly and interestingly. 9. You should mot blindly use a word that you are not sure about, and if you are not sure, look up the word in a dictionary. 10. Your language should adapt to the particular occasion and audience. If your language is appropriate in all respects, your speech is successful. D. Before you deliver an academic speech, you should, first of all, get well prepared for it. Then, you should make your major points clear in your speech, and your speech should be well organized. When speaking, you should not speak too fast, and your language should be exp licit. Don’t always read the notes you prepared beforehand. From time to time, you should look at your audience. On one hand, you can show your respect to your audience, and on the other hand, you will be able to go on with your speech more smoothly.

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Unit 1 Living in Harmony Enhance Your Language Awareness 1. Text A amaze bunch bundle capacity commerce conquer display drop roast rob style symbol vague figure Text B appreciate participate shift slip 1)My neighbours are a friendly bunch of people. 2)Dave amazed his friends by leaving a well-paid job to travel around the world. 3)The employees in this company work an eight-hour shift . 4)The professor came to the classroom with a bundle of newspapers under his arm. 5)A passenger asked the driver: “Could you drop me off near the post office? I'd like to post a letter.” 6)The little girl's capacity for learning languages astonished me. 7)How many countries will be participating in the Olympic Games? 8)I like the typically French style of living. It is so romantic. 9)They have made their fortunes from industry and commerce . 10)They threatened to shoot him and rob him of all his possessions.

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