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研究生英语综合教程-下 课后习题答案

研究生英语综合教程-下 课后习题答案
研究生英语综合教程-下 课后习题答案

Task 1

1. provinces b.

2. woke a.

3.haunt b.

4.trouble a.

5.weathers d.

6.wakeb.

7.coined c.

8. trouble b.

9.weather c. 10. province c. 11. coin a. 12. value a.

13. haunts a. 14. has promised a. 15. trouble c. 16. coin b. 17. promise d, 18. values c. 19. refrain b. 20. valued e.

Task 2

1. tranquil

2. ultimately

3. aftermath

4. cancel out

5.ordeal

6.drastic

7. legacy

8. deprivations

9. suicidal 10. anticipated 11. preoccupied 12. adversities 13. aspires 14. nostalgia 15, retrospect

Task 3

1. a mind-blowing experience

2.built-in storage space

3.self-protection measures

4. short-term employment

5.distorted and negative self-perception

6. life-changing events

7. all-encompassing details

8.a good self-image

Unit Two

Task1

I. A. entertainment B. entertaining

2. A.attached B.attachment

3.A.historically B. historic

4. A. innovative B. Innovations

5. A. flawed B. flawless

6.A.controversy B. controversial

7. A. revise B. revisions

8. https://www.sodocs.net/doc/dd16324578.html,mentary B. commentator

9.A. restrictive B. restrictions

10.10. A.heroic B. heroics

Task 2

1. ethnic

2.corporate

3.tragic

4. athletic

5. underlie

6. stack

7. intrinsic

8. revenue

9. engrossed 10. award

Task 3

1) revenues 2)receipts 3) economic 4)rewards 5)athletes

6) sponsor 7)spectators 8) maintain 9) availability 10) stadiums 11) anticipated 12) publicity

Unit Three

1.B 2, D 1 A 4, C 5, A 6.B 7,C 8. A 9.B 10. C

Task2

LA. discrete B. discreet C. discretion

2.A. auditors B. auditorium C. audit D. auditory E. audited

1 A. conception B.contrivance C. contrive D. conceive

4.A. giggling B. gasped C. gargling D. gossip

5.A. affectionate B. passion C. affection D. passionate

6.A.reluctant B. relentless C. relevant

7.A. reverence B. reverent C. revere

8.A. peeping/peep B.peered C. perceive D.poring

Task3

1) gain 2) similarities 3) diverse 4)enrich 5) perspective

6)discover 7)challenging 8) specific 9)adventure 10)enlightens

11) opportunities 12) memories 13) joyful 14) outweighs 15) span

)Unit Four

Task 1

1) uncomfortable 2)reading 3)immerse 4)deep 5) access 6)concentration 7)stopped 8)altered 9)change 10) different 11)decoders

12) disengaged 13) variations 14) words 15) tighter

Task 2

1.D

2.A

3. B

4.B

5.D

6. A

7. C

8. C

Task 1

Step 1

l)i 2)f 3)a 4)b 5)h 6)j 7)c 8)e 9)d 10)g

Step 2

1)fidgety2)crushing3)pithy4) foraging5) definitive ,

6)propelled7) applauded8) ubiquity9) duly10) curtail

Task 2

1. above

2.on

3. to

4.on

5.on/about

6. to 7 .with 8. at 9. on/about10. in Task 3

1. may have a subtle effect on

2.provide free access toe-books

3. isinthe midst ofa sea change

4. has been onthe faculty ofHarvard University

5.a voracious book reader

6. you'll stay focused onit

7. the conduit for information

8.your check came asanabsolute godsend

9. lost the thread ofthe story

10. stroll through elegant prose

Task 1

1.A

2.C

3.D

4.B

5.C

6.B

7.C

8.D

9.A10.C11.B12D.13.D14.A15.B

Task2

1.sheer

2.slip3desert4. revenge5.sheered6. level7.deserted8.skirted

9.protested10. duplicates11. level12. revenge13.skirt14. protests15. slip16.duplicate Unit Six

Task 1

I.C 2.A 3.C 4.A 5.D 6.C 7.B 8.D 9.A 10.C lI.B 12.A

Task2

1. Water isnot an effective shield

2.engulfed inflames

3.the rights ofsovereign nations

4. outpaced its rivals inthe market

5. There's no need tobelabor the point

6. She invoked several eminent scholars

7. from two embattled villages

8. According tothe witness's testimony

9. Inspite ofour best endeavors

10. After many trials and tribulations

Task2

1) remain2) childish3)reaffirm4)precious5)equal6)measure

7)greatness8) journey9)leisure10) fame11) obscure12) prosperity

Unit Seven

Task1

I.C 2.B 3.B 4.D 5.B 6.C 7.C 8.A 9.B 10.B

Task2

1. patrons b.

2.designated b.

3. reference d.

4. inclination c

5. host d.

6. diffusing b.

7. host c

8.inclination a.

9. references c.10. patrons a.

11. reference a.12. host a.13. diffuses a.

.14. designate a.15. designate c.

Task3

1) alive2)awakened3) trip4)stone5)remains6)beyond7)records

8)social 9)across10) surrounding11) mental12) miracle13) having

14) failure15) participate

Unit Eight

Task 1

1.B

2.D

3. A

4.B

5.A

6. D

7. D

8.A

9. A 10. C

Task2

1. A. outburst B.bursting C. outbreak

2.A. adverse B.adversity C. advised

3.A. distinguishes B.distinct C. distinguished

4.A. sight/vision B. view C. outlook D. visions

5. A. implicit B.implicit/implied C. underlying

6.A.washed B. awash C. washing

7.A. jumped/sprang B. springs C.leap D.jumped

8. A. trail B. trail/track C. trace

D. track

E.trace

9.A. sensed B.sensible C. sense

D. sensitive

E.sensational

10.A. prosperous B.prosperity C. prospects D. prophecy

Task3

1)echoes2) pays heed to3)hidden4) objectively5) decipher6)presence7)conviction 8)shot9)however10) slaughter11) bare12) trim13) are connected to14) strive15) yield Unit Nine

Task 1

1.A

2.B

3.D

4.A

5.B

6.B

7.C

8.A

9.C 10.D

Task2

I. explain, plain, complained, plain

2. tolerate, tolerant, tolerance

3. consequence,sequence,consequent

4. commerce, commercial, commercial, commercialism, commercially

5. arouse, arising, arise, arousal

6. irritant, irritation, irritable, irritate

7. democratic, dynamic, automated, dramatic

8. dominate, dominant, predominant, predominate

9. celebrate, celebrity, celebrated, celebration

10. temporal, contemporary, temporary

Task3

I) encompassing2)standard3)constraints4)presented5)resolution6) constitute

7) entertainment8) interchangeably9) distinction10) fuzzy11) technically

12) devoted to13) ranging14) competing15) biases

Unit Ten

Task 1

1) beware of2)unpalatable3)delineate4) Ingrained5) amplify

6) supplanted7) pin down8)discretionary9) stranded10)swept through

Task2

1. that happy-to-be-alive attitude

2.anl-told-you-so air

3. the-end-justifies-the-means philosophy

4.Aheart-in-the-mouth moment

5.a now-or-never chance

6. a touch-and-go situation

7.a wait-and-see attitude8.too-eager-not-to-lose

9.a cards-on-the-table approach10. anine-to-five lifestyle

11.a look-who's-talking tone12. around-the-clock service

13. a carrot-and-stick approach14. a rags-to-riches man

15. a rain-or-shine picnic

Task3

I) exquisite2)soothe3)equivalent4)literally5)effective

6)havoc7)posted8)notify9) clumsy10) autonomously

Assembly-line workers at Ford 研究生英语应用教程-翻译训练

Assembly-line workers at Ford and Chrysler no longer chat about whether they'll spend their $5,000-to-$10,000 year-end profit-sharing windfalls on a family vacation or a motorboat. This year there's little profit to share. Many also stand to lose $10,000 to $20,000 in reduced annual overtime pay. And their white-collar bosses aren't doing much better. Ford's 6,000 executives won't be getting any bonuses. The people who sell the cars and make most of their money from commissions are suffering much the same fate. All these workers are in effect paying to keep their job--and it's a trend that's accelerating far beyond the auto industry. Suddenly, everyone from $1 million-a-year investment bankers to middle managers and department-store clerks is facing a reduction of 10% to 100% in bonuses, profit sharing, stock options and commission payments. Some workers are even taking cuts in base salaries. Many employers and economists believe this newfound flexibility in pay may help keep unemployment a bit lower than it has been in previous downturns. But even as it cushions the blow, it is also spreading the pain to far more Americans. Robert Reich, Labor Secretary in the first Clinton Administration and now a professor of economics and social policy at Brandeis University, observes that "the biggest problem people will face this time around will be not the loss of jobs but the loss of income."

研究生英语综合教程下册课文原文

课文原文1-7 Unit 1 The Hidden Side of Happiness 1 Hurricanes, house fires, cancer, whitewater rafting accidents, plane crashes, vicious attacks in dark alleyways. Nobody asks for any of it. But to their surprise, many people find that enduring such a harrowing ordeal ultimately changes them for the better.Their refrain might go something like this: "I wish it hadn't happened, but I'm a better person for it." 1飓风、房屋失火、癌症、激流漂筏失事、坠机、昏暗小巷遭歹徒袭击,没人想找上这些事儿。但出人意料的是,很多人发现遭受这样一次痛苦的磨难最终会使他们向好的方面转变。他们可能都会这样说:“我希望这事没发生,但因为它我变得更完美了。” 2 We love to hear the stories of people who have been transformed by their tribulations, perhaps because they testify to a bona fide type of psychological truth, one that sometimes gets lost amid endless reports of disaster: There seems to be a built-in human capacity to flourish under the most difficult circumstances. Positive responses to profoundly disturbing experiences are not limited to the toughest or the bravest.In fact, roughly half the people who struggle with adversity say that their lives subsequently in some ways improved. 2我们都爱听人们经历苦难后发生转变的故事,可能是因为这些故事证实了一条真正的心理学上的真理,这条真理有时会湮没在无数关于灾难的报道中:在最困难的境况中,人所具有的一种内在的奋发向上的能力会进发出来。对那些令人极度恐慌的经历作出?积极回应的并不仅限于最坚强或最勇敢的人。实际上,大约半数与逆境抗争过的人都说他们的生活从此在某些方面有了改善。

研究生英语综合教程(课后习题答案)

Unit One Task 1 1.A 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.D 6.D 7.D 8.C 9.A 10.D 11.A 12.B Task 2 1.public(c) 2.discipline(b) 3.strength(a) 4.reference(a) 5.strength(d) 6.public(a) 7.demonstrated(b) 8.discipline(c) 9.references(c) 10.personality(a) 11.discipllining(d) 12.demonstrates(a) 13.public(d) 14.reference(b) 15.personality(c) Task 3 1.employment 2.paid 3.adjust 4.setting 5.discouraged 6.credit 7.cite 8.demonstrate 9.teamwork 10.rules Unit Two Task 1 1.A 2.B 3.B 4.C 5.B 6.A 7.B 8.C 9.A 10.C Task 2 1. bud (n.); budding (adj.) 2. access (n.); access (v.) 3. taste (n.);tasted (v.) 4. fool (n.); fooling (v.) 5. produces (v.); produce (n.) 6. garnish (v.); garnishes (n.) 7. reigns (v.); reign (n.) 8. concern (n.); concerned (v.) 9. named (v.); name (n.) 10. practiced (v.); practice (n.) Task 3 1) integration 2) choice 3) handed 4) aspiring 5) steaming 6) masterpieces 7) pleasure 8) partake 9) amazing 10) presented Unit Three Task 1 1.A 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.A 6.B 7.C 8.A Task 2 1. stack up against 2. struck a chord 3. amounted to 4. chopping off 5. appeal to 6. pick up on 7. turned out 8. fade away 9. brought together 10. pulled off 11. thrust upon 12. be kept clear of Task 3 1) swirling 2) delivered 3) glowed 4) intervals 5) converge 6) wanderings 7) navigate 8) jealousy 9) presence 10) absorbed Unit Four Task 1 1.A 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. B 6. C 7. D 8. C 9. A 10. C Task 2 1. maintained (a) 2. romantic (a)

研究生英语精读教程_课文翻译

一、你认为自己是什么样的人,那你就是什么样的人 如果你改变想法——从悲观变为乐观——你就可以改变自己的生活 [1]你看酒杯是半杯有酒而不是半杯空着的吗?你的眼睛是盯着炸面圈,而不是它中间的孔吗?当研究者们仔细观察积极思维的作用时,这些陈词滥调突然间都成了科学问题。 [2]迅速增多的大量研究工作——迄今已有104个研究项目,涉及大约15 000人——证明乐观的态度可以使你更快乐、更健康、更成功。与此相反,悲观则导致无望、疾病以及失败它与沮丧、孤独、令人苦恼的腼腆密切相关。休斯敦莱斯大学的心理学家克雷格·A·安德森说:“如果我们能够教会人们更积极地思考,那就如同为他们注射了预防这些心理疾病的疫苗。” [3] “你的能力固然重要,”匹兹堡卡内基–梅隆大学的心理学家迈克尔·F·沙伊尔说,“但你成功的信念影响到你是否真能成功。”在某种程度上,这是由于乐观者和悲观者以截然不同的方式对待同样的挑战和失望。 [4]以你的工作为例。宾夕法尼亚大学的心理学家马丁·E·P·塞利格曼与同事彼得·舒尔曼在一项重要研究中对大都会人寿保险公司的推销员进行了调查。他们发现,在工龄较长的推销员中,积极思考者比消极思考者要多推销37%的保险额。在新雇用的推销员中,乐观主义者则多销了20%。 [5]公司受到了触动,便雇用了100名虽未通过标准化行业测试但在态度乐观一项得分很高的人。这些本来可能根本不会被雇用的人售出的保险额高出一般的推销员10%。 [6]他们是如何做到的呢?据塞利格曼说,乐观主义者成功的秘诀就在于他的“解释方式”。出了问题之后,悲观主义者倾向于自责。他说:“我不善于做这种事,我总是失败。”乐观主义者则寻找漏洞,他责怪天气,抱怨电话线路,甚至怪罪别人。他认为,是那个客户当时情绪不好。当一切顺利时,乐观主义者居功自傲而悲观主义者只把成功视为侥幸。[7]克雷格·安德森让一组学生给陌生人打电话,请他们为红十字会献血。当他们的第一、二个电话未能得到对方同意时,悲观者说:“我干不了这事。乐观主义者则对自己说:“我需要试试另一种方法。” [8]无论是消极还是积极,都是一种本身会成为事实的预言。安德森说:如果人们感到没有希望,他们就不会费事去获得成功所需的技能。” [9]据安德森看来,有无控制感是成功的试金石。乐观者能够掌握自己的命运。如果事情不顺利,他立刻做出反应,寻找解决办法,制定新的行动计划,并且主动寻求指点。悲观者则感到自己只能由命运摆布,行动拖拉。既然认为毫无办法,他便不去寻求指点。 [10]乐观主义者也许认为自己比事实能够证明的要强——有时正是这一点使他们充满生机。匹兹堡肿瘤研究所的桑德拉·利维博士对患晚期乳腺癌的妇女进行了研究。对那些通常持乐观态度的妇女来说,两次发病间隔的时间比较长,而这是生存下去的最好预兆。在一次对早期乳腺癌妇女的初步研究中,利维博士发现这一疾病在悲观病人身上复发更早。 [11]乐观态度不会使不治之症痊愈,却有可能预防疾病。在一项长期研究中,研究人员跟踪观察了一组哈佛大学毕业生的健康史。所有这些人都是班上的学生,并且健康状况良好。他们之中有的是积极思考者,有的是消极思考者。20年后,悲观者中患有中年常见病——高血压、糖尿病、心脏病——的人数要比乐观者多。 [12]许多研究显示,悲观者的无助感会损害人体的自然防御体系,即免疫系统。密执安大学的克里斯托弗·彼德森博士发现悲观主义者不能很好地照顾自己。他消极被动,无法避开生活中的打击,无论做什么都会担心身体不好或其他灾难将临。他大嚼不利于健康的垃圾食品,逃避体育锻炼,不听医生的劝告,还总是要再贪一杯。 [13]在多数人身上,乐观主义和悲观主义兼而有之,但总是更倾向于其中之一。塞利格曼说,这是一种早在“母亲膝下”就开始形成的思维模式,来自千万次警告或鼓励,消极的或积极的话语。过多的“不许”及危险警告会使一个孩子感到无能、恐惧以及悲观。 [14]随着年龄的增长,儿童能体会到许多小小的成就感,如学会系鞋带等。家长可以促使这类成功转变为控制感,从而培养出乐观主义。 [15]悲观是一种很难克服的习惯,但并非不能克服。在一系列具有重大突破的研究中,伊利诺伊大学的卡罗尔·德韦克博士对小学低年级儿童做了一些工作。她帮助那些屡屡出错的学生改变对失败原因的解释——从“我准是很笨”变成“我学习还不够努力”——因此他们的学习成绩提高了。 [16]匹兹堡的利维博士想知道把病人变成乐观主义者是否会延长他们的生命。在一次试验性研究中,两组结肠癌病人受到同样方式的治疗,但其中一些人还得到了鼓励乐观态度的心理帮助。试验结果表明这一做法有一定的效果。现在已在计划实施一项重大研究,以确定这一心理变化是否会改变病情的发展。 [17]因此,如果你是个悲观主义者,你完全有理由乐观起来。你能改变自己。以下就是范德比尔特大学的心理学家史蒂夫·霍朗指出的方法:

工程硕士研究生英语基础教程 课文翻译

Unit 1 我的第一份工作 汽车清洁工 [1] 我从父母那儿获得了很强的工作道德观。他们俩都经历过大萧条时期,对不是按常规工作的人感到难以理解。我曾经告诉我妈妈,西尔堆斯特·史泰龙工作10周挣1200万美元,“那他在一年其余的日子里干什么呢?”她问。 [2] 我把父母的工作道德观带入了我在故乡马萨诸塞州安多佛镇附近的威尔明顿镇福特汽车专营店干的第一份工作。那时我16岁,学期当中我干活干到五、六点,暑假期间则每天干12个小时。我干的是汽车清洁小工的活儿,也就是清洗,抛光等事,并确保纸地板垫的位置合适。还有一项职责是在夜里将汽车轮毂盖取下来以免被偷,第二天再还回原处。这是一项很费劲的工作,因为我们有占大约7英亩地的汽车。 [3] 一天,我抱着一大捧毂盖转过一个角落,几乎与我们新任总经理撞了个满怀。我吓了一跳,结果把毂盖全掉在了地上。他当场就解雇了我。 [4] 我羞愧万分,不愿让父母知道这件事。大约有两周的时间,我每天都忙到晚上,然后我会回家说工作干得很愉快。

[5] 走投无路之下,我写了一封信给亨利·福特二世,告诉他所发生的事情。我说我们家是福特车的忠实用户,并说我长大成年后打算买一辆野马车。最后,汽车专卖店的店主给我打来了电话。“我不知道你在底特律认识谁,”他说,“但如果你还想要回你原来的工作的话,这工作就归你了。” [6] 后来在大学期间,我想在一家劳斯菜斯(罗尔斯—罗伊斯)的专营店干活,但店主说他们不缺人。即便如此,我还是开始在那儿清洗汽车。当店主注意到我时,我说我会一直干到他雇我。最后他真雇了我。 [7] 成功需要毅力。态度也很重要。我从不认为我那时比其他任何人强,但我一直相信我当时干的活别人都赶不上。 出纳员 [1] 第一次与我祖母坐在她位于曼哈顿的药店的现金出纳机后时,我l0岁。不久之后,她就让我一个人坐在那儿。很快我就知道了礼貌对待顾客以及说“谢谢”的重要性。 [2] 起初我的报酬是糖果,后来我每小时得到50美分。每天放学后我都工作,暑假、周末和假期则从上午8点干到下午7点。我父亲帮我在银行立了一个账户。看着存款数增加比我当时本可以买到的任何东西都更让我满足。 [3] 祖母是一位严厉的监工,从不给我任何特殊照顾。她像鹰一样注视着我的一举一动,不过却放手让我应付象在午餐高峰时干活这样压力很大的场面。她的信任教会了我如何对待责任。

熊海虹主编研究生英语综合教程下-B翻译

Unit 1 To have a mind to do a thing is to foresee a future possibility; it is to have a plan for its accomplishment; it is to note the means which make the plan capable of execution and the obstructions in the way--or,if it is really a mind to do the thing and not a vague aspiration it is to have a plan which takes account of resources and difficulties. ——John Dewey 用心去做一件事,就是要预见未来的可能性,要为成功制定一个计划,要找到实施计划、避开障碍的方法——或者是一颗真正做事的心,而不是一个模糊的愿望,是考虑了所有资源和困难的计划。 ——约翰·杜威The Good Mind Is Flexible 优秀的头脑是灵活的 Edgar Dale埃德加?戴尔 1For many years we have talked about education in a changing society but have done little to educate for uncertainty. Perhaps the best insurance we can offer for this uncertainty is the presence of a good mind. To develop a good mind the student must learn how to learn and develop a taste for learning. The world of tomorrow needs flexible individuals, intellig ently mobile individuals, individuals who can land on their feet when their jobs become technologically obsolete, individuals who can cope with the unexpected. 1 多年来,我们一直在讨论日新月异的社会中的教育问题,却没有采取切实行动来教育人们如何应对变化。或许面对变化,我们的最佳保障是拥有优秀的头脑。要培养优秀的头脑,学生需要掌握学习方法,培养学习兴趣。未来的世界所需要的人才应该具备很强的适应能力,而且他们灵活而机敏,当其所从事的工作技术上落伍时,他们依然能够于逆境之中站稳脚跟,而且他们有能力应对突发的意外。 2To educate for flexibility we must distinguish between training and education. To train is to emphasize fixed responses, to stress immediate goals to the neglect of long-term growth . To educate, however, is to foster limitless growth, lifelong learning, to develop the good mind. 2 要培养灵活的头脑,我们需要区别什么是训练,什么是教育。训练就是加强固定的反应,重视即时目标,而忽略长远发展。教育则旨在促进无限的成长,鼓励终生的学习,培养优秀的头脑。 3Mark Twain's story about the cat is in order here. He said that a cat that jumps onto a hot stove will never jump on a hot stove again. Nor, he added, will she ever jump on a cold one. The cat can be trained but, contrary to what cat-lovers may say, cannot be educated.

数学专业英语课后答案

2.1数学、方程与比例 词组翻译 1.数学分支branches of mathematics,算数arithmetics,几何学geometry,代数学algebra,三角学trigonometry,高等数学higher mathematics,初等数学elementary mathematics,高等代数higher algebra,数学分析mathematical analysis,函数论function theory,微分方程differential equation 2.命题proposition,公理axiom,公设postulate,定义definition,定理theorem,引理lemma,推论deduction 3.形form,数number,数字numeral,数值numerical value,图形figure,公式formula,符号notation(symbol),记法/记号sign,图表chart 4.概念conception,相等equality,成立/真true,不成立/不真untrue,等式equation,恒等式identity,条件等式equation of condition,项/术语term,集set,函数function,常数constant,方程equation,线性方程linear equation,二次方程quadratic equation 5.运算operation,加法addition,减法subtraction,乘法multiplication,除法division,证明proof,推理deduction,逻辑推理logical deduction 6.测量土地to measure land,推导定理to deduce theorems,指定的运算indicated operation,获得结论to obtain the conclusions,占据中心地位to occupy the centric place 汉译英 (1)数学来源于人类的社会实践,包括工农业的劳动,商业、军事和科学技术研究等活动。 Mathematics comes from man’s social practice, for example, industrial and agricultural production, commercial activities, military operations and scientific and technological researches. (2)如果没有运用数学,任何一个科学技术分支都不可能正常地发展。 No modern scientific and technological branches could be regularly developed without the application of mathematics. (3)符号在数学中起着非常重要的作用,它常用于表示概念和命题。 Notations are a special and powerful tool of mathematics and are used to express conceptions and propositions very often. (4)17 世纪之前,人们局限于初等数学,即几何、三角和代数,那时只考虑常数。 Before 17th century, man confined himself to the elementary mathematics, i. e. , geometry, trigonometry and algebra, in which only the constants were considered. (5)方程与算数的等式不同在于它含有可以参加运算的未知量。 Equation is different from arithmetic identity in that it contains unknown quantity which can join operations. (6)方程又称为条件等式,因为其中的未知量通常只允许取某些特定的值。Equipment is called an equation of condition in that it is true only for certain values of unknown quantities in it. (7)方程很有用,可以用它来解决许多实际应用问题。

研究生英语应用教程翻译Unit 1~4

研究生英语应用教程翻译Unit 1~4 英国人把排队叫做“queue up”,美国人把排队叫做“wait in line”,只有纽约人不同,他们把排队叫做“wait on line”。似乎没有人知道纽约人为什么要这样说,这倒是我们在排队时可以好好考虑的问题。 排队是城市生活中一个严峻的现实。尽管对于什么是城市中最难排的队似乎还没有一个一致的意见,但是人们在谈话中经常提到的是午饭时间在银行和邮局前排起的队。年轻人则经常提到买电影票时以及注册上大学时排的长队。 不论排什么队,最基本的原则都是要讲个先来后到,亦即社会学家所说的“公平分配”的原则。例外情况也有可能发生,如在高档饭店里,领班就会优先照顾他们偏爱的某些顾客。但一般来说这条规则还是管用的。 那么从理论上说,每个人都应当同样关心把队排好。但实际上每个人的关注程度会随着在队伍中的位置不同而有所不同。一般来说最强烈的抗议往往来自于那些直接受害者,也就是正好排在插队的人后面的那些人。而排在队伍后面的人就抱怨的相对少些,或者根本不抱怨,尽管前面插了一个人,他们的利益也同样遭受到损失。 1. 一位艾滋病研究专家昨天在华盛顿说,有些人感染了艾滋病毒后仍然十分健康地活着。这为他们的研究提供了“一线希望”,那就是一旦传染上艾滋病并不等于被判了死刑。 2. 是否能够欣赏这些现代画取决于你的想象力。 3. 许多人宁愿放弃比较高的工资以换取成为白领工人的社会地位,这在西方是人之常情。 4. 我兴奋得什么话都说不出来。 5. 走在纽约第五大道的人行道上,污雪成浆,阴冷潮湿,他疲惫不堪。

6. 许多人认为,普通人的思维活动根本无法与科学家的思维活动相比,认为这些思维活动必须经过某种专门训练才能掌握。 7. Since he was not clear with this matter, he declined to express his ideas. 8. The sight of him reminds me of his father. 9. The misunderstanding was caused by their quarrel. 10. The unpleasant noise must be immediately put an end to. II. Suggested answer: 到了成人阶段,传统观点认为女人感情过于脆弱,不适合权利太大或需要承担责任的职位。通常这些职位都是为男人保留的,而女人则发现她们自己的身份往往是妈妈、主妇或其他一些照顾别人的职业,例如教师或护士。但是现在这些观点正在发生改变。 上世纪下半叶,服务产业增长迅速。在美国,1960到1985年期间,服务业所占的比重从56,增长到69,,而同期在欧洲则从33,增长到55,。另外,计算机在从农业到电信业的各个行业产生了巨大影响。这两者共同促使了我们通常所说的信息时代的到来。这一时代,信息和知识取代了传统制造业的地位。技术,尤其是计算机技术的快速发展,引领了一种全新的工作方式,改变了现代社会对男女角色的看法,而人口老龄化和缺乏有经验的技术人员更加快了这一变化。 过去的传统行业只要求工作人员能够胜任工作要求。然而现在的工作要求已经发生了显著的变化,从“可以胜任”转化为能够与同事合作,解决问题并做出决策。简而言之,工作单位目前需要员工受过良好的教育,有天赋和创造力,并具有良好沟通能力的,而这些则是女性一贯所擅长的领域。 Exercises

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Unit One B 1. sensitive 2. list 3. prevalent 4. deficiency 5. withheld 6. certainty 7. functional 8. confronte 9. courtesy 10. spared 11. stroke 12. ambitious 13. purified 14. highlights 15. novelty E 1. language 2. associates 3. in-laws 4. total 5. responds 6. swell 7. Hardly 8. lives 9. dreams 10. aloud 11. ourselves 12. so 13. distinguishes 14. humanity 15. makes 16. expressed 17. source 18. newborn 19. act 20. tradition 汉译英 1. One theory refers to the sensitivity to the target language as being one of the most important factors in language learning. 2. In order to help students in their study of English, the library has decided to lease English films in the original to them. 3. On weekends, if one shop puts up discount notices, other shops, big or small, will c ome up with it by putting up more discount notices. 4. When ungrammatical expressions of a language become prevalent in socie they will gradually be~ by the public. 5. The closing of the company was not caused by a shortage of capital but by management deficiency. 6. Advertisements usually highlight the product or service they advertise to attract customers. 7. It is argued that we should withhold the speed of language change; otherwise we may have to learn a new language every twenty years. 8. I feel gratitude to him because every time I encountered difficulties in my study he would help me. 9. It will take great pains to improve/change the financial situation of the factory. 10.Those who advocate the purity of a language protect the language for the sake of their culture. Unit Two A 1. C 2. D 3. B 4. A 5. C 6. C 7. D 8. D 9. D 10. B 英译汉 那些常常说谎又没有充足理由的人被称为病态说谎者。他们会对任何事情说谎。他们似乎无法控制说谎的;中动。对这些人的研究表明,他们中很多人小时候受过虐待或者来自有酗酒或有精神病家属史的家庭;也有不少人在他们生长的家庭里,真话得不到尊重,没有人说真话。他们似乎比常人更加强烈地需要得到别人的爱不口别人的尊重。但事实上,他们中并非每个人都无法控制自己说谎的欲望。没人能说清为什么有些人能克制说谎而有些入却无法克制说谎。病态的说谎者往往没有亲近的或长期维持的私人关系。他们非常谨慎,通常不介绍自己的熟人相互认识以免他们将听到的东西进行比较。

专业英语课后习题答案

Lesson2 Exercises 1. Put the following into Chinese. (1)Ohm’s law states that the voltage across a resistor is directly proportional to the current flowing through the resistor. The constant of proportionality is the resistance value of the resistor in ohms. 流过电路里电阻的电流,与加在电阻两端的电压成正比,与电阻的阻值成反比。这就是欧姆定律。 (2)Many materials, however, closely approximate an ideal linear resistor over a desired operating region. 不过,许多材料在规定的工作范围内非常接近理想线性电阻。 (3)It should be noted that an ideal voltage source (dependent or independent ) will produce any current required to ensure that the terminal voltage is as stated, whereas an ideal current source will produce the necessary voltage to ensure the stated current flow. 应该注意:一个理想电压源(独立或受控)可向电路提供任意电流以保证其端电压为规定值,而电流源可向电路提供任意电压以保证其规定电流。 (4)A different class of relationship occurs because of the restriction that some specific type of network element places on the variables. Still another class of relationship is one between several variable of the same type which occurs as the result of the network configuration, i. e., the manner in which the various element of the network are interconnected. 一种不同类型的关系是由于网络元件的某种特定类型的连接对变量的约束。另一类关系由于网络结构,即网络的不同元件互相连接的方式所产生的相同形式的一些变量间的关系。 (5)The thermal conductivity of metals is as much as several hundred times that of glass. 金属的导热率比玻璃高几百倍。 (6)Magnetic line of force will,whenever passible, travel through iron or other magnetic materials. 磁力线只要有可能就会通过铁或其它磁性材料。 (7)Actually, 0 o C is indeed the lower limit to temperatures capable of being attained. 事实上绝对零度确是所能达到的温度的最低限度。 2. Translate the following into English. (1)电路元件吸收或释放的功率为元件两端的电压与流过该元件电流的乘积。 The power absorbed or supplied by a circuit element is the product of the voltage across the element and the current through it. (2)理想独立电源是一个有源元件,它所提供的电压或电流不依赖于电路中其他变量。 An ideal independent source is an active element that provides a specified voltage or current that is completely independent of other circuit variables. (3)受控电源是一个有源元件,它所提供的电压或电流受电路中某部分电压或电流控制。 An ideal dependent (or controlled) source is an active element in which the source quantity is controlled by another voltage or current. (4)叠加定理为:线性电路中,任一电压或电流都是电路中各个独立电源单独作用时,在该处产生的电压或电流的叠加。 The superposition principle states that the voltage across (or current through) an element in a linear circuit is the algebraic sum of the voltages across (or current through) that element due to each independent source acting alone. (5)计算机可分为模拟计算机和数字计算机两种。Computers may be classfied as analog and digital.(6)新型晶体管的开关时间缩短了三分之二。The switching time of the new-type transistor is shortened three times. (7)超导体在电气应用上的重要性不能被估计过高。The importance of superconductor in the uses of electricity cannot be overestimated.

研究生英语应用教程(第二册)完整版课后翻译unit 1-8单元

Translation 第一单元 A. Western teachers working at Chinese preschools express shock at the levels of strictness imposed ,and the ways in which the most difficult children are chastised. While this high degree of discipline has the negative effect of making children reluctant to initiate play , it does succeed in teaching self-control and respect for authority-precisely those qualities that are seen to be lacking in U.S school. Friends and family in North America often tell me that between piano ,art and sports lessons , their kids are already overscheduled and subject to pressures beyond their years. Yet , regardless of the number of extracurricular activities, the lives of western children are leisurely when compared to Chinese. 对于校纪实施的严格程度和对最难管教学生的处罚方式,在中国幼儿园工作的西方教师表示震惊。 如此高度的纪律性虽然会产生令孩子们不愿意玩耍的消极影响,但也会教会他们自控和尊重权威,而这些品质恰恰是美国学生所缺少的。 我在北美的家人和朋友常常告诉我,他们的孩子要上钢琴课,美术课和体育课,日程已经排得满满的承受着超过年龄的沉重压力。 不过,虽然课外活动很多,和中国小孩相比,西方小孩过的是优哉游哉的生活。 B . The differences between methods of learning in the East and the West are thus based on profound cultural differences that will be glacially slow to shift. Yet , while only limited change can be expected from domestic education reforms , a global educational environment is emerging which offers an ever-widening variety of choice. In china , more and more parents are sending their toddlers to private American-style preschools that –despite their exorbitant fees –are doing a booming business in the most prosperous cities , such as shanghai. 因此,东西方学习方法有别,根源还在于巨大的文化差异,改变将是极其缓慢的。 尽管可以预见,国内的教育改革只会带来有限的变化,然而一个全球化的教育环境正在形成,提供了越来越多的选择。 在中国,越来越多的家长会把刚会走路的小孩送到美式私立幼儿园,这类幼儿园尽管费用高昂但在上海等中国最发达的城市却发展迅猛。 中译英 以前流行一句话:”学好数理化,走遍天下都不怕。”如今无论是已在工作岗位上磨练多年的中年人,还是初出茅庐的大学毕业生,都有一个共识,那就是:在信息爆炸的时代,知识以飞快的速度更新,“一纸文凭定终身”的日子一去不复返,我们要不断地“充电”。这样一来,终身教育便成为历史的必然。 It was once frequently told that “you have the guts to make a living anywhere with a mastery of math , physics and chemistry .”However , people nowadays , whether the middle-aged working stagers or those green horn college grads , have reached a consensus- gone are the days when “a diploma determines you life-time fate”. With the awesome update of knowledge in the era of information explosion , we need to reskill ourselves continuously.

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