英汉互译实战技巧

英汉互译实战技巧（汉翻英）

一、基本方法

要想成为一名合格的管理者，重要的一点是了解其身份和职责。

1)句子主干：一点是了解其身份和职责。

（主语）（系动词）（表语）

2)句子主干中的各个成分翻译为与其对应的英语（直译和意译）

i.“一点”可以译为“A point/A step”, 前面有定语“重要的”修饰，

可以翻译为“An important point/An important step”

ii.“是” 可以译为“is”（因为此句主语是单数形式）

iii.这里的“其”实际上是指代前面的“管理者”，而管理者可以译为“administrator”（直译）或“a person in a managing position”

（意译）

iv.“了解其身份和职责” 可以译为“ understanding his or her role and responsibility”

3)分析句子中的其他成分并翻译成与其对应的英语

要想成为一名合格的管理者实际上是做此句的目的状语，可以译为“In order to become a qualified administrator/ In order to become a qualified person in a managing position”

4)完整地翻译整句话

In order to become a qualified person in a managing position，an

important step is understanding his or her role and responsibility.

二、特殊处理

（1）主语从句的处理

实例分析：目前，学生们通过体育锻炼增强了体质，为提高学业成绩创造了良好的条件。

方法一：断句法

即将主语从句独立成句，为原句余下的部分添加

主语，使原句成为两个句子。

Currently, students strengthen their body through

sports activities. This has created favorable condition

for the improvement of their academic performance.

方法二：名词法

将原句的主语从句转化为名词词组，具体办法有

两种——可以将主语中的动词转化为英语中含有行为和动

作意义的名词或形容词，如实现——realize——realization,

解决——solve——solution, 期盼——aspire——aspiration

Currently, the enhancement of students’ body through

sports activities has created favorable condition for the

improvement of their academic performance.

（2）无主语/零主语的处理

实例分析：在应对气候变化过程中，必须充分考虑发展中国家的发展阶段和基本需求。

方法一：添加主语

一般是添加较为宽泛的人称主语，如we, you, they或it

It’s imperative to give full consideration to the

development stage and basic needs of developing

countries in addressing climate change.

或者

We should give full consideration to the development stage and basic needs of developing countries in

addressing climate change.

方法二：将原句变为被动结构

The development stage and basic needs of

developing countries should be given full

consideration in addressing climate change.

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英汉互译

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2020年整理项链(英汉互译).pdf

THE NECKLACE Mathilde Loisel was one of those poor girls， pretty，charming and romantic，who，in spite of their romantic dreams，are married to a mediocrity．Her husband was a clerk in the Ministry of Education． One evening her husband came home with an air of triumph． “I have something nice for you，”he said，giving her a large envelope． She tore open the envelope，which contained the following printed card： “The Minister of Education and Madame Georges Ramponneau have the honour to request the company of Monsieur and Madame Loisel at the office of the Ministry on Monday evening，January 18th．” She did not seem delighted．On the contrary，she flung the invitation card on the table，and said spitefully： “What's that to me？” “Why，my dear，I thought you'd be pleased．You like a dance，don't you？You hardly ever go out，and this is really a good chance for you．I had no end of trouble to get it．Every one wants it，you know．All the officials will be there，but only a few clerks are invited．” She looked at him ruefully and exclaimed： “What do you expect me to wear at a party like that？” It never occurred to him that she had no pretty dresses nor jewels．He replied hesitatingly： “Why，the dress you wear when you go to the theatre looks very nice to me．” She burst into tears．Why did she marry such a dull，stupid fellow？Only because she was born into a poor family．Oh，cruel trick of destiny！ “What's the matter？”he asked anxiously．

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9.当你想告诉别人你不喜欢西瓜时，应该说： A. I like watermelons. B. I don't like apples. C. I don't like watermelons. 10.当你想表达自己喜欢汉堡时，你应说：________ A. I like fruit. B. I like hot dogs. C. I like hamburgers. 二、填空题 11.女孩 12.那边有更多的恐龙。 ________ ________ ________ dinosaurs over there. 13.我会选一选，把单词相应中文的序号填入横线上。 China________ Singapore________ England________ Canada________ America________ ①加拿大②英国③中国④美国⑤新加坡 14.你要向别人问路，首先应说： _________________________ 15.选择正确的翻译。⑴我是英国人。___________________ ⑵很高兴见到你。_________________________ ⑶你好，我是张鹏。_________________________ ⑷你呢？____________________________________ A. What about you ? B. I'm from the UK. C. Nice to meet you. D. Hi, I'm Zhang Peng. 三、翻译 16.今天下午，我和他在我家下棋。

英汉互译技巧4解析

第二章英汉语言对比 A comparison between English and Chinese 第一部分 Part One If one wants to be a qualified translator, one should, first of all, have a penetrating study and careful comparison of the similarities and differences between these two languages so that one may find the corresponding laws and methods in the translation between them, do translation effectively and ensure the quality of translation. 刘重德《文学翻译十讲》 Procedures of today ?Similarities between English and Chinese ?Differences between English and Chinese (vocabularies and grammars) ?Exercises in class ?Assignments of today 英汉语言的相同之处 similarities ?词类划分: ?汉语： 实词（content word): 名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词、数词、量词 虚词（empty word)：介词、连词、语气词、助词（结构助词“的”、“地”、“得”，时态助词“着”、“了”、“过”，情态助词“吗”、“呢”、“吧”、“啊”、“嘛”、“了”等）?英语： 实词(content word): 名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词、数词 虚词（function word):介词、连词、冠词、助动词（shall, will, have/has, do/does/did/done, be） ?英语量词，汉语冠词 ?E.g. a chair, the earth, a book, etc. 英汉语言的相同之处 similarities ?词类划分 ?句子要素:都有主语、谓语、宾语（表语）、定语和状语的划分。特别是主语和谓语，从本质上来说都是英、汉两种语言的主要组成框架(S+V+O/P) e.g. I like your new hairstyle. 我喜欢你的新发型。 It is cute. 它很可爱。

英汉互译

1, Research shows that successful language learners are similar in many ways. 研究表明,成功的语言学习者在许多方面有共同之处. 2, language learning is active learning ,learners should look for ever chance to use the language. 语言学习是一种主动的学习,学习者应该利用一切机会去运用语言. 3, learning language should be active independent and purposeful. 学习语言应该主动的,独立的.有目的地学. 4, learning a language is different learn maths. 学语言不同于学数学. 5, The teacher often offer us successful experiment in language learning. 老师经常将成功的语言学习经验传授给我们. 6, They find it hard to master a former language. 他们发现要掌握一门外语是困难的. 7, The research shows that success people are similar in many ways. 这项研究表明成功人士在许多方面是相似的. 8, Successful language learners not only depend on book or teacher. 成功的语言学习者不只依赖书本或者教师. 9, We are willing to our friend. 我们愿意帮助我们的朋友. 10, We should learning new things independently actively and purposefully. 我们应该独立的,积极的并且有目的地学习新东西. 11, Paying fax is the duty on every citizen. 纳税是每个公民应尽的义务. 12, American often say that there are only two things a person can be sure of in life. 美国人常说他们一生中有两件事逃脱不了. 13, Because three levels of government in the united states,so have three types of taxes. 正因为美国有三极政府,税收也有三种. 14, Some states have an income tax in addition to sales tax. 某些州除了征收销售税还征收收入所得税. 15, Americans complain that taxes are too high and that the government uses their tax dollars in the wrong way. 美国人抱怨税收太高,政府也没有正确使用税收. 16, China leads the world with it’s silk products. 中国以其丝绸产品领先于世界. 17, Sales tax vary with the price of the good you buy. 销售税随你所购物品的价格而变. 18, People always complaining about the constantly rising prices. 人们总是抱怨着不断上涨的物价. 19, mother said that she spent too much time on TV everds. 妈妈说她每天花太多的时间看电视. 20, there are 1000 visitors a day on the average. 平均每天有1000名来访者. 21, The Atlantic ocean is only half as big as the pacific ,but has more then 4,000 miles wide. 大西洋只有太平洋的一半大,但有4000多英里宽. 22, It take him quite a while to go to sleep last night. 昨晚他过了好一会儿才入睡. 23,There are so many ads on TV that it is hard to remember how many there. 电视里的广告太多,无法记住有多少. 24, many wrong ideas about the Atlantic Ocean made people of Columbus age unwilling to sail west. 许多错误的想法导致哥伦布时代的人不愿意西行. 25, The sailors were afraid that they might meet bad weather. 水手们担心他们会遇上坏天气. 26, This Mountain is half as high as mountain catch in tai. 这座山有泰山的一半高. 27, On the average ,There are 45students in each class of the school. 这所学校平均每个班有45人. 28, Climate affects the growth of plants . 气候对植物的生长有影响 29, My work keeps piling up. 我的工作越积越多. 30, Information that does not make any sense to you is difficult to remember. 你难以记住对你毫无意义的信息. 31, Association refers to taking the material we want to remember and relating it to something we remember accurately. 联想旨在将我们要记住的与已经记住的信息准确的联系起来. 32, Make group the words into similar categories is good for remember. 将单词分组有利于记忆。33，Needless to say ,if the books in a library are kept in random order ,it is very difficult for readers to find what they want. 不用说，如果图书馆的书陈列的毫无章法，读者不可能找到他们所要的书。34，Forming an integrated image with all the imformation placed in one’s mind can help preserve it in one’s memony. 将信息处理为一幅完整的画面存在脑海里，可以帮助保持记忆。 35，Their research focuses on adults’ learing skills. 他们的研究主要集中在成年人的技巧上。 36，it is meaningful to know how to use these phrases. 知道这些短语怎么用是很有意义的。37，the adult group consists of fifteen people. 成年组是由15人组成的。 38，needless to say ,we all know the facts very clearly. 不用说，我们都非常清楚这个事实。 39，memory refers to the ability to remember the past events and experiences. 记忆指的是能记住过去的事情和经历的的能力。 40，I always associate that song with my school life. 我总是把那支歌同我的学校生活联系起来。 41，she and her husband have different views on many problems. 她与她的丈夫在很多问题上观点不一致。 42，could you say something about taxes. 你能谈谈一些关于税收方面的问题吗？ 43，bring me a glass of beer ,please. 请给我一杯啤酒。 44，you uncle never says anything at home,does he. 你叔叔在家里一句话也不说，是不是。 45，what are the customers complaining about? 这些顾客在抱怨些什么？ 46，did he travel in france or in italy last summer? 去年夏天，他是在法国还是意大利旅行？ 47，did you see the advertisement in a newspaper or in a magazine? 你是在报纸上还是