电子信息类专业英语翻译
1.This electron beam sweeps across each line at a uniform rate，then flies back to scan another line directly below the previous one and so on，until the horizontal lines into which it is desired to break or split the picture have been scanned in the desired sequence．
电子束以均匀的速率扫描每一行，然后飞速返回去扫描下一行，直到把被扫描的图像按所希望的顺序分割成行。
2.The technical possibilities could well exist，therefore，of nation-wide integrated transmission network of high capacity，controlled by computers，interconnected globally by satellite and submarine cable，providing speedy and reliable communications throughout the word
因此，在技术上完全可能实现全国性的集成发送网络。这种网络容量大，由计算机控制，并能通过卫星和海底电缆实现全球互联，提供世界范围的高速、可靠的通信。
3.Transit time is the primary factor which limits the ability of a transistor to operate at high frequency．
渡越时间是限制晶体管高频工作能力的主要因素
4.The intensity of sound is inversely proportional to the square of the distance measured from the source of the sound.
声强与到声源的距离的平方成反比。
5.The attenuation of the filter is nearly constant to within 0.5 dB over the entire frequency band．
该滤波器的衰减近于恒定, 整个频带内的变化在0.5 dB以内。
6.At present, the state of most semiconductor device technology is such that the device design and process technology must be supplemented by screening and inspection procedures, if ultimate device reliability is to be obtained and controlled．
目前, 大多数半导体器件的技术尚未十分完善, 以至若要获得并控制器件最终的可靠性, 就必须辅以筛选和检验, 以弥补设计和工艺技术之不足
7.Bandwidth of transistor amplifiers vary from about 250 MHz in the L band to 1000 MHz in the X band．
晶体管放大器的带宽在L波段约为250 MHz, 在X波段为1000 MHz。
8.The output of the differential amplifier is fed to the circuit’s output stage via an offset-compensation network, which causes the op-amp’s output to center at zero volts. The output stage takes the form of a complementary emitter follower, and provides a low-impedance output.
差动放大级的输出通过一个失调补偿网络与输出级相连, 目的是使运放的输出以0 V为中心。输出级采用互补的射极跟随器的形式以使输出阻抗很低
9.Because of the very high open-loop voltage gain of the op-amp, the output is driven into positive saturation (close to +V) when the sample voltage goes slightly above the reference voltage, and driven into negative saturation (close to-V) when the sample voltage goes slightly below the reference voltage.
由于运放的开环电压增益很高, 当取样电压略高于参考电压时, 输出趋向于正向饱和状态(接近+V)。当取样电压低于参考电压时, 输出趋向于负向饱和状态(接近-V)。
10.If the signal source were direct connected instead of capacitor coupled, there would be a low resistance path from the base to the negative supply line, and this would affect the circuit bias conditions.
如果信号源和电路不是用电容耦合而是直接相连，从基极到负电源线就会一个低阻通路，并且这将影响到电路偏置状态
11.The differential amplifier has a high-impedance (constant-current)“tail”to give it a high input impedance and a high degree of common-mode signal rejection. It also has a high-impedance collector (or drain) load, to give it a large amount of signal-voltage gain (typically about 100 dB).
差动放大极有一个高阻抗的“尾巴”（恒流源）以提供高输入阻抗和对共模信号的深度抑制，同时，它还具有一个高阻抗和集电极或漏极负载以提供高的信号电压增益（典型的数据是100dB).
12.On the other hand, a DC negative-logic system, as in Figure 3.6(b), is one which designates the more negative voltage state of the bit as the 1 level and the more positive as the 0 level.
另一方面, 如图3.6(b)所示, 把比特的较低的电压状态记为1电平, 较高的电压状态记为0电平, 这样的系统称为直流负逻辑系统。
13.For example, to represent the 10 numerals (0, 1, 2, …, 9) and the 26 letters of the English alphabet would require 36 different combinations of 1’s and 0’s. Since 25<36<26, then a minimum of 6 bits per bite are required in order to accommodate all the alphanumeric characters.
例如，要表示0～9十个数字和英文字母表中的26个字母，就需要0和1的36种不同的组合。因为25<36>26,所以,为了能表示所有的字母和数字，要求每个字节最少要6个比特。
14.A 1 signifies the existence of a positive pulse in a dynamic positive-logic system; a negative pulse denotes a 1 in a dynamic negative-logic system; a 0 at a particular input (or output) at a given instant of time designates that no pulse is present at that particular moment.
在动态正逻辑系统中，1表示有一个正脉冲存在，而在负逻辑系统中，负脉冲表示为1。不管那种系统，某一时刻在某一输入端（或输出端）的0，均表示此刻无脉冲。
15.Intergraded circuits are also classified according to their functions. Digital or logical IC are used as switches, they are either on or off. In computers the on and off states correspond to 0 or 1.Other IC is called linear or analog IC.
也可根据其功能不同对集成电路进行分类。数字IC(也称为逻辑IC)通常用作开关, 表示接通或关断。在计算机中, 接通和关断状态分别对应“0”或“1”。另一种IC被称为线性或模拟IC。
16.The reduction in power dissipation is particularly important where a complex circuit is to be concentrated into a small space. The problem of extracting the heat generated in the circuit may then be a difficult one.
减小功率损耗是非常重要的, 其方法是将一个复杂的电子线路集成为一小块。这使得释放电路工作时产生的热量变成一个难题。
17.Both N-type and P-type semiconductors are made by treated materials, such as germanium and silicon with impurities such as arsenic and indium.
N型半导体和P型半导体是利用杂质掺入纯净半导体而形成的, 如将杂质砷和铟掺入锗和硅中
18.In addition, the signal processor may also add parity bits to the digital word to provide channel coding so that error detection and correction can be used by the signal processor in the receiver to reduce or eliminate bit errors that are caused by noise in the channel.
此外, 信号处理器还可以给数码字加入奇偶校验位, 即提供信道编码, 使得接收机的信号处理器可以进行误码检测和纠错, 以减少或消除由信道噪声所引起的误码。
19.Furthermore, we shall prove that a minimum theoretical sampling frequency of order 6.8 kilohertz (kHz) is required to convey a voice channel occupying the range 300 Hz to 3.4 kHz.
而且我们将证明, 为了变换频率范围为300 Hz ~3.4 kHz的话路信号, 理论上的最小采样频率为6.8 kHz。
20.By comparison, most other forms of transmission systems convey the message information using the shape, or level of the transmitted signal; parameters that are most easily affected by the noise and attenuation introduced by the transmission path.
相比之下, 许多其他形式的传输系统是利用被传信号的波形或电平的高低来传送信息的, 而这些参数又极易受到传输路径中的噪声和衰耗的影响。
21.Depending on the relationship between the signal frequencies and the sampling rate, spectral inversion may cause the shape of the spectrum in the baseband to be inverted from the true spectrum of the signal.
根据信号频率和采样频率之间的关系的不同, 可能出现“频谱反转”现象——基带频谱的形状和信号真实频谱的形状正好相反。
22.The primary reason for processing real-world signals is to extract information from them. This information normally exists in the form of signal amplitude(absolute or relative), frequency or spectral content, phase, or timing relationships with respect to other signals. Once the desired information is extracted from the signal, it may be used in a number of ways.
对现实世界信号进行处理的主要原因是从中提取信息。这些信息通常以信号的幅度（绝对幅度或者相当幅度），频率或频谱成分，相位或者其他信号之间的时序关系的形式存在。有用信号一旦从信号中被提取出来，它就可以以多种方式被应用。
23.Another requirement for signal processing is to compress the frequency content of the signal (without losing significant information) then format and transmit the information at lower data rates, thereby achieving a reduction in required channel bandwidth.
信号处理的另一个需求是：在不损失重要信息的前提下，对信号的频率成分进行压缩，赋予新的格式并以低数据速率传输，从而减少所需带宽。
1、通用的超大规模集成电路频率合成系统
介绍了通用的超大规模集成电路频率合成器的设计。结果表明一个简单的基本设计可以有一个完全的专业性能。一些特殊要求放在超大规模集成电路技术进行了讨论。
2、提取声音合成技术中的频率调试规律
本研究的一般范围是计算机音乐,尤其是数字合成器的音乐的声音。本文提出了一种估计调制规律的方法，这种方法利用与微波转换有关的“骨架”将其应用到的讯号产生调频合成技术。
3、使用数论变换的快速傅里叶变换
结果表明数论变换可以用来非常有效地计算离散傅里叶变换。通过记录一些简单的数理性能和DFT，一个长度为P的DFT的实际乘法总数减少到（p-1）。为合理选择变换的长度，每点的数量大约是增加与FFT算法的相同数量。