上海交大版应用型大学英语综合教程_第3册_unit_4课文翻译与答案

Unit 4
Part 1 Language Skills Development
1. Starter A. Work with a partner and answer the following questions.
1. Do you believe in natural cures? Your answer： Reference answer： Not totally. While it is true that some diseases can be cured without taking traditional drugs, modern medicine is indispensable. Whenever a person is sick, he or she should consult a doctor. 2. Have you ever come across an irresponsible or ill-mannered doctor? Your answer： Reference answer： Yes. This kind of doctor is detestable. They totally forget their professional ethics, and more often than not, they lack the requisite specialist skills. B. Listen to a story and fill in the blanks.
1. The businessman always tried to [pay as little as possible] for what he needed. 2. Dr. Smith charged [five hundred dollars] for the first visit, but only twenty-five dollars for [each visit after that]. 3. Dr. Smith said there was no need to examine the businessman again. He asked the businessman to continue taking the medicine [he prescribed last time].
Tapescript:
A Clever Doctor and a Mean Patient
There was a businessman who always tried to pay as little as possible for what he needed. One
day he fell ill. He decided to go to a doctor and asked a friend to recommend one.
"Dr. Smith is a good one," the friend told him. "Is he expensive?" the businessman asked. Ali Baba could hardly believe what he had seen! He did
Mind Map
consulting room
诊疗室
not dare to climb down from his tree—the thieves might come out at any moment and find him. He
waited a long time.
"Yes and no. He charges five hundred dollars for the first visit, but only twenty-five dollars for
each visit after that."
"That seems reasonable," the businessman said, and went to visit Dr. Smith.
As he walked into the consulting room, he said, "Well, here I am again." and put twenty-five
dollars on the table.
The doctor looked at the businessman carefully for a moment, then smiled and put the money
into the drawer of his desk. "Thank you," he said. "And what can I do for you today?"
"Examine me, of course," the businessman said, "and tell me what's wrong with me."

"Oh, there's no need for me to examine you again," the doctor said. "Just continue taking the medicine I prescribed to you when you came to me last time."
2. Text
Info Box
1. Quack A quack is "a fraudulent or ignorant pretender to medical skill" or "a person who pretends,
professionally or publicly, to have skill, knowledge, or qualifications he or she does not possess". The word "quack" derives from the archaic word "quacksalver" of Dutch origin, meaning "boaster who uses a salve." In the Middle Ages the word "quack" meant "shouting". The quacksalvers sold their wares on the market shouting in a loud voice. 2. Medical Laboratory
A medical laboratory or clinical laboratory is a laboratory where tests are done on clinical specimens in order to get information about the health of a patient. Laboratory tests are an integral part of the workup of any patient, and constitute up to 80% of a physician's diagnosis and treatment choice. In many countries, there are two main types of labs that process the majority of medical specimens. Hospital laboratories are attached to a hospital, and perform tests on patients. Private (or community) laboratories receive samples from general practitioners, insurance companies, and other health clinics for analysis. These can also be called reference laboratories where more unusual and obscure tests are performed.
As medical technology advances, doctors are able to get more and more tests done in shorter and shorter amounts of time. While in the past a doctor might order a potassium (钾) and glucose (葡萄糖) and it would take hours for the results, now a doctor can order a full chemistry panel of 20 or more different analytes (被分析化学物) and get the results within an hour. The results are also much more accurate and reliable now than in the past.
A Doctor or a Quack? 医生还是江湖郎中？
1 The modern doctor's business is an extremely
1 现在干医生这一行非常简单，大
simple one, which could be acquired in about two 约只需两个礼拜就能学会。下面就是医
weeks. This is the way it is done.
生怎么看病的。
2 The patient enters the consulting room. "Doctor," he
2 病人走进诊室，对医生说：“医
says, "I have a bad pain." "Where is it?" "Here." 生，我痛死了！” 医生问：“哪里痛？”“这
"Stand up," says the doctor, "and put your arms up 里。”医生说：“站起来，把胳膊举过头。”
above your head." Then the doctor goes behind the 随后，医生走到病人背后，在他的后背
patient and strikes him a powerful blow on the back. 猛击了一下。医生问：“感觉到痛了吗？”
"Do you feel that?" he says."I do," says the patient. 病人答道：“感觉到了。”医生又突然转
Then the doctor turns suddenly and lets him have a 过来，在他心脏下方来了一记左钩拳。
left hook under the heart. "Can you feel that?" he says 病人倒在沙发上，瘫作一团，医生却恶
viciously, as the patient falls over on the sofa in a 狠狠地问：“这样痛不痛？起来。”医生
heap. "Get up," says the doctor, and counts ten. The 边说边从一数到十。病人就站了起来。
patient rises. The doctor looks him over very carefully 医生仔细地观察着他，一言不发。然后
without speaking, and then suddenly fetches him a 突然在他的腹部捶了一拳，使他痛得弯

blow in the stomach that doubles him up speechless. The doctor walks over to the window and reads the morning paper for a while. Presently he turns and begins to mutter more to himself than to the patient. "Hum!" he says, "there's a slight anaesthesia of the tympanum.""Is that so?" says the patient, in an agony of fear. "What can I do about it, doctor?" "Well," says the doctor, "I want you to keep very quiet; you'll have to go to bed and stay there and keep quiet." In reality, of course, the doctor hasn't the least idea what is wrong with the man; but he DOES know that if he will go to bed and keep quiet, awfully quiet, he'll either get quietly well again or else die a quiet death. Meantime, if the doctor calls every morning and thumps and beats him, he can keep the patient submissive and perhaps force him to confess what is wrong with him. 3 "What about diet, doctor?" says the patient, completely cowed. 4 The answer to this question varies very much. It depends on how the doctor is feeling and whether it is long since he had a meal himself. If it is late in the morning and the doctor is extremely hungry, he says, "Oh, eat plenty, don't be afraid of it; eat meat, vegetables, starch, glue, cement, anything you like."But if the doctor has just had lunch and if his breathing is short-circuited with huckleberry pie, he says very firmly, "No, I don't want you to eat anything at all, absolutely not a bite; it won't hurt you, a little self-denial in the matter of eating is the best thing in the world." 5 "And what about drinking?" Again the doctor's answer varies. He may say, "Oh, yes, you might drink a glass of lager now and then, or, if you prefer it, a gin and soda or a whisky, and I think before going to bed I'd take a hot Scotch with a couple of lumps of white sugar and bit of lemon peel in it." The doctor says this with real feeling, and his eyes glisten with the pure love of his profession. But if, on the other hand, the doctor has spent the night before at a little gathering of medical friends, he is very apt to forbid the patient to touch alcohol in any shape, and to dismiss the subject with great severity. 6 Of course, this treatment in and of itself would appear too transparent, and would fail to inspire the
下身去，说不出话来。医生则走到窗户 边，读了一会晨报。没一会儿，他转过 身来，不像是对病人说话，更像自言自 语：“哦，是轻度中耳炎。”“是这样吗？” 病人问道，感到无比恐惧。“医生，我该 怎么做呢？”医生说：“你要保持安静； 你必须躺在床上，保持安静。”当然，其 实呢，医生根本不知道病人的问题出在 哪儿，但他明白，只要病人愿意躺在床 上并保持安静，而且是非常的安静，那 他要么在不知不觉中康复，要么就会静 悄悄地死去。同时，如果医生每天早上 都去走访病人，揍他一顿，就能让他乖 乖听话，或许还能迫使他承认自己得了 什么病。
3 病人完全被吓住了，问道：“医 生，饮食方面要注意什么？”
4 对这个问题有多种回答，这取决 于医生当时的情绪，以及距他自己上次 吃饭的时间。如果在接近中午时，医生 已经很饿了，他便会说：“哦，别害怕， 多吃点；肉、蔬菜、淀粉、胶水、水泥， 想吃啥就吃啥。” 但如果他刚刚吃过午 饭，嘴里还喷着一股浓浓的黑果派的味 道，他就会语气坚决地说：“不，别吃任 何东西，一口都不能吃；这对你没有坏 处，因为在饮食方面稍加克制是世界上 最美好的事。”
5 病人问：“那喝酒呢？”同样，医 生的答案也会有很多种。他可能会说： “噢，可以，偶尔来一杯陈啤，或者你喜 欢的话，喝一杯加苏打水的杜松子酒， 或者威士忌。我想，在睡觉之前我更喜 欢来一杯苏格兰热巧克力威士忌，再加 上几块方糖和几片柠檬。”医生讲到这些 的时候非常兴奋，眼睛闪闪发光，充满 了对自己职业由衷的热爱。但是如果医 生前一晚参加了一伙医生朋友的聚会， 他就会禁止病人碰任何形式的酒精，并 且严厉地拒谈这一话题。
6 当然，这种治疗本身太容易令人 起疑，因而无法激起病人应有的信心。 但是如今有化验室可以帮助做到这一 点。无论病人得了什么病，医生都会坚

patient with proper confidence. But nowadays this element is supplied by the work of the analytical laboratory. Whatever is wrong with the patient, the doctor insists on snipping off parts and pieces and extracts of him and sending them mysteriously away to be analyzed. He cuts off a lock of the patient's hair, and marks it, "Mr. Smith's Hair, October, 2001." Then he clips off the lower part of the ear, and wraps it in paper, and labels it, "Part of Mr. Smith's Ear, October, 2001."Then he looks the patient up and down, with the scissors in his hand, and if he sees any likely part of him he clips it off and wraps it up. Now this, oddly enough, is the very thing that fills the patient up with that sense of personal importance which is worth paying for. "Yes," says the bandaged patient, later in the day to a group of friends much impressed, "the doctor thinks there may be a slight anaesthesia of the tympanum, but he's sent my ear to New York and my appendix to Baltimore and a lock of my hair to the editors of all the medical journals, and meantime I am to keep very quiet and not exert myself beyond drinking a hot Scotch with lemon every half-hour." With that he sinks back faintly on his cushions, luxuriously happy. 7 And yet, isn't it funny? 8 You and I and the rest of us—even if we know all this—as soon as we have a pain within us, rush for a doctor as fast as a hack can take us. Yes, personally, I even prefer an ambulance with a bell on it. It's more soothing.
持从他身上切割下这样或那样零零碎碎 的东西，然后神神秘秘地送去化验。比 如，医生会剪掉病人的一缕头发并做上 标记：“史密斯先生的头发，2001 年 10 月”。然后，医生切掉病人耳朵的下部， 用纸包起来并做上标记：“史密斯先生的 部分耳朵，2001 年 10 月”。医生从上 到下仔细打量病人，手里拿着剪刀，只 要看到任何疑似跟病情有关的地方，就 会从病人身上剪去，并包起来。奇怪的 是，这种做法却令病人觉得自己很受重 视，因而值得为此花钱。当天稍晚的时 候，包扎着绷带的病人对大为惊叹的朋 友们说：“是的，医生认为可能是轻度中 耳炎，他已经将我的耳朵送到纽约，把 阑尾送到巴尔的摩，把一缕头发送到所 有医学杂志的编辑手上，同时我必须保 持安静，每半小时顶多喝一杯加柠檬的 苏格兰热巧克力威士忌。”说着，他虚弱 地向后靠在垫子上，舒舒服服，心满意 足。
7 然而，这一切难道还不滑稽吗？ 8 虽然你、我和其他人对这些都很 清楚，但是一旦我们有点小病小痛，还 是会飞快地打车去看医生。是的，我个 人甚至还更愿意坐带鸣笛的救护车去， 因为这让人感觉更加安心。
New Words
quack
n. [C] (disapproving) a person who dishonestly claims to have medical knowledge or skills 江湖郎中，冒牌医生
庸医，
viciously
ad. in a cruel way 残酷地，凶狠地，恶毒地 Passers-by just looked on as a man was viciously attacked. 有一名男子遭人毒打，可路人袖手旁观。
heap
n. [C] an untidy pile of sth. 一堆 His clothes were in a crumpled heap on the floor. 他的衣服杂乱地堆在地板上。

vt. to put things in an untidy pile 堆积，堆置 He heaped the leaves up in the corner of the garden. 他把树叶堆在花园的角落里。 They heaped our plates with food. / They heaped food on our plates. 他们往我们盘子里堆了很多食物。
speechless
a. unable to speak, esp. because you are extremely angry or surprised 出话来
（尤指气得或惊讶得）说不
mutter
vi./vt. to speak or say sth. in a quiet voice that is difficult to hear, esp. because you're annoyed about sth. 嘀咕，嘟囔
slight
a. very small in degree 轻微的，略微的
anesthesia
n. 1) [U] the state of being unable to feel anything, esp. pain n. 2) [U] 麻醉
感觉缺失，麻木
tympanum
n. [C] 耳膜，鼓膜，鼓室
awfully
ad. very, extremely 非常，极其
thump
vt./vi. 1) to hit sb./sth. hard, esp. with one's closed hand 重击，狠打 He thumped the table angrily. 他愤怒地用拳头击打桌子。 I'll thump you if you say that again. 你要再说那些话，我就把你揍扁。 vt./vi. 2) to fall on or hit a surface hard, with a loud dull sound 撞击，嘭地发出闷响 A bird thumped against the window. 一只鸟儿“咚”的一声撞在窗子上。 n. 1) [C] the sound of sth. heavy hitting the ground or another object 重击声，碰撞声 There was a thump as the truck hit the bank. 卡车撞在马路边坡上，发出“砰”的一声巨响。 n. 2) [C] an act of hitting sb./sth. hard 重击，撞击 If he does that again I'm going to give him a good thump. 他要再那么做，我就好好揍他一顿。
submissive
a. willing to obey sb. whatever they want you to do 恭顺的，服从的 He was looking for a quiet, submissive wife. 他正在寻找一位娴静而温顺的妻子人选。 John is said to be excessively submissive to his wife. 据说约翰非常怕老婆。
cowed
a. made to feel afraid and that you are not as good as sb. else 使感到胆怯的，自惭形秽的 She was easily cowed by people in authority. 她很容易被有权势的人吓住。

Potential rivals were so cowed by her popularity that no one dared challenge her for the leadership. 由于她深得人心，那些潜在的竞争者都被镇住了，无人敢挑战她的领导地位。
starch
n. [U] 淀粉；含淀粉的食物
glue
n. [U] a sticky substance that is used for joining things together vt. to join two things together using glue 粘合；用胶粘
胶水，胶
cement
n. [U] 水泥，胶合剂
huckleberry
n. [C] 黑果，越桔
self-denial
n. [U] the act of not having or doing the things you like, either because you do not have enough money, or for moral or religious reasons 克己；（宗教）弃绝自我 a life of self-denial and sacrifice 克己、奉献的生活 The real tragedy of the poor is that they can afford nothing but self-denial. 穷人真正的悲剧就在于除了自我克制之外，无力做其他任何事。
lager
n. [U, C] 窖藏啤酒，陈贮啤酒
gin
n. [U] 杜松子酒
soda
n. 1) [U, C] 苏打 n. 2) [U] 无水碳酸钠
lemon
n. [C, U] a yellow citrus fruit with a lot of sour juice 柠檬
peel
n. [U, C] the skin of some fruits or vegetables 果皮，菜皮 vt. to take the skin off fruit, vegetables, etc. 剥皮，去皮
apt
a. 1) likely or having a tendency to do sth. 易于，倾向于 The kitchen roof is apt to leak when it rains. 下雨时厨房的屋顶很容易漏水。 a. 2) suitable or appropriate in the circumstances 恰当的，合适的

Chris produced an apt comment which summed up how we all felt. 克里斯做了一番中肯的评论，道出了我们大家的感受。 a. 3) clever; having a natural ability or skill 聪明的；敏捷的 We have some particularly apt students in the class this year. 今年班上有些学生天分很高。
severity
n. [U] the seriousness of something bad or unpleasant 严重，严重性
transparent
a. 1) (of an excuse, a lie, etc.) allowing you to see the truth easily 显而易见的；易识破的 transparent lies 一戳即破的谎言 Am I that transparent (=are my intentions that obvious)? 我就那么容易被识破？ a. 2) that can be seen through 透明的；清澈的 The insect's wings are almost transparent. 这种昆虫的翅膀几乎是透明的。 Glass is a transparent material. 玻璃是一种透明材料。
analytical
a. 分析的，解析的
snip
vt./vi. to cut sth. with scissors using short quick strokes （用剪刀快速）剪，剪断 Snip a tiny hole in the paper. 在纸上剪一个小孔。 She snipped at the loose threads hanging down. 她把垂下来的线头剪掉了。
extract
n. [C, U] a substance that has been obtained from sth. else using a particular process 提取物， 精华 face cream containing natural plant extracts 含有天然植物提取物的面霜 vanilla extract 香子兰精 vt. to remove or obtain a substance from sth., for example, by using an industrial or chemical process 提取，提炼 to extract essential oils from plants 从植物中提取精油
mysteriously
ad. not easily understood; full of mystery 神秘地，不可思议地
clip
vt. to cut off a thing or part of a thing with scissors or shears 剪下，剪去
wrap
vt. to cover or enclose sb./sth. in paper or soft material 包，裹 He spent the evening wrapping the Christmas presents. 他晚上把圣诞礼物包好了。
scissors

n. [pl.] 剪刀
oddly
ad. 1) used to show that sth. is surprising 令人奇怪地，令人惊异地 ad. 2) in a strange or unusual way 古怪地，反常地
exert
vt. 1) to make a big effort 努力，尽力 vt. 2) to use power or influence to affect sb./sth.
运用，施加（影响）
faintly
ad. feeling weak and tired 虚弱地
luxuriously
ad. in a very fine, costly and comfortable way 豪华地，奢侈地；精美而昂贵地 She sprawled out luxuriously on the sofa. 她伸展四肢，舒服地躺在沙发上。
hack
n. [C] (AmE) a taxi 出租车
ambulance
n. [C] 救护车
soothing
a. making one feel calmer and more relaxed and less nervous, worried, or upset a soothing voice/lotion 让人感到安心的嗓音/镇痛液 Her words had a soothing effect. 她的话起了安慰人的作用。
安慰的，抚慰的
Phrases and Expressions
strike sb. a blow
猛击某人一拳
fetch sb. a blow
击打某人
double (sb.) up
to bend or to make your body bend over quickly because of pain or laughter 弯身子
（因剧痛或大笑而）
Most of the crowd doubled up with laughter at every joke. 每听完一个笑话，大部分人都会大笑到直不起
腰来。
She was doubled up with the pain in her stomach. 她因胃痛而直不起腰来。
in the matter of
as regards 在……方面；关于，至于

We are not trained in the matter of agricultural business. 我们在农业贸易方面未经训练。 He is strict in the matter of discipline. 他在纪律方面要求严格。
be apt to do sth.
to be likely to do sth.; to have a tendency to do sth. 倾向于做某事 The kitchen roof is apt to leak when it rains. 下雨时厨房的屋顶很容易漏水。
snip off
to remove sth. by cutting it with scissors in short quick strokes （快速）剪去，剪掉 Snip off the end of the tube. 把管子的末端剪掉。 The gardener is snipping off the dead leaves in the garden. 花匠在花园里修剪枯叶。
clip off
to cut sth. with scissors or shears 剪下，剪掉 He clipped off a length of wire. 他剪掉了一段金属线。 clip off an animal's tail 剪去动物的尾巴
look sb. up and down
to look at sb. in a careful or critical way 上下仔细打量；苛刻地审视（某人） They looked me up and down. 他们上上下下地打量我。
exert oneself
努力，竭力
Note to Para. 1
1. “Have you been here before?” asked the receptionist when I showed up at the doctor’s office.“以前 来这儿就诊过吗？”当我出现在医生诊室时，接待员问道。 receptionist: n. [C] 接待员 e.g. She has a good temper as a receptionist at the hotel and a hot temper as a wife at home. show up: 出现，露面；露出 e.g. She felt uneasy when she saw her ex-boyfriend show up at her wedding.
Note to Para. 3
2. The doctor will be with you in a minute. 医生一会儿就来。 Note how “be with sb.” is translated into Chinese in different context. e.g. Thank you for being with us for the Morning News. In hardship, I will be with you; for pleasure, I will not.
Notes to Para. 4
3. … but “the doctor will be with you in a minute” appeared to be longer than sixty seconds so I looked around. ……虽说“医生一分钟就到。”但似乎已经不止一分钟了，于是我便开始环顾四周。 Note that the author was being sarcastic by taking the literal meaning of “in a minute”, which, unlike

“in an hour” or “in a week” (with only the literal meaning), simply means the same as “in a few minutes”, “in a moment” or “shortly”. The same is true of “in a second” which could be far more than one second. 4. On the other wall there was a window overlooking the yard covered with some kind of green bush. 另一面墙上有一扇窗户可以俯瞰长满某种绿色灌木的庭院。 overlook: vt. 俯瞰 e.g. I wish one day I could afford a house of that kind overlooking the beautiful sea. 5. In the corner between the ceiling and the wall I noticed a thin spider’s web. 我还注意到在天花板 和墙壁之间的角落里结了一层薄薄的蜘蛛网。 Note the difference between “in the corner” and “at the corner”. e.g. The two girls were talking in a low voice in the corner of the classroom. (indicating indoors)
Go ahead and turn right at the corner of the first crossing. (indicating outdoors) On the surface, this description seems to be hinting at poor health environment of the hospital where even spiders should be found to exist. But at a deep level, the spider symbolizes the American medical system which resembles the spider’s web. Just as insects fall victim in the spider’s web, so the writer is entrapped in this hospital. The writer seems to suggest that the entire medical system in the U.S. is a big, big trap and poor people like him are its victims.
Note to Para. 5
6. “Are you all right?” the nurse peeked through the door. “你感觉还好吗？”护士从门缝里瞅着我 问道。 peek: vi. 偷看，窥视 e.g. They caught him peeking in through the keyhole.
Note to Para. 6
7. The appointment was scheduled at a certain day and a certain hour a week ago. And I was ready. 一周前就已经预约好具体时间，我可是有备而来的。 appointment: n. [C] 预约 e.g. I have an appointment with my dentist this afternoon. schedule: vt. 计划 e.g. The meeting is scheduled for next Wednesday afternoon.
Note to Para. 7
8. “Good morning,” a white coat interrupted my thoughts. “How are you?” “早安。”一个穿白大褂 的医生打断了我的思绪。“你感觉如何？” Note that “a white coat” is a metonymy (借代，转喻). Metonymy is a figure of speech used in rhetoric in which a thing or concept is not called by its own name, but by the name of something intimately associated with that thing or concept. Metonyms (instances of metonymy 转喻词) can be either real or fictional concepts representing other concepts real or fictional, but they must serve as an effective and widely understood second name for what

they represent. For instance, “Hollywood” is used as a metonym for US cinema. Another example is “the White House”, which is used as a metonym for the US government.
Note to Para. 8
9. “Good morning. I’m fine. Thank you.” I lied because I was at the doctor’s office so it meant that I wasn’t fine.“早安。我很好。谢谢。”我言不由衷地说，因为我一定是身体不舒服才来诊所的。 The author’s “I’m fine” sounds “illogical” so as to achieve his purpose of being humorous about the hospital and the doctor.
Note to Para. 9
10. “What’s wrong with you?” he asked, looking at the clipboard where it was stated in black and white what was wrong with me. “你哪里不舒服？”他问道，眼睛看着白纸黑字清清楚楚记着 我病情的记录夹板。 in black and white: 白纸黑字 e.g. Once it’s down in black and white, you can’t forget it.
Note to Para. 10
11. “I seem to have a problem with my left foot,” I helped him to read. “我左脚好像有毛病。”我帮 了他一把好让他把病情记录看明白。 Note that the author is being sarcastic when he says “I helped him to read (the clipboard)”. As everyone knows, the doctor can read and write. The author also knew this, but he deliberately said he helped the doctor read because the doctor behaved in a way as if he could not understand what is written on the clipboard.
Note to Para. 11
12. “Let’s see...,” he took my left foot in his hands, “Well...,” he scratched his forehead, “we have to take some X-rays,” he decided. “让我看看……”他双手抓住我的左脚，“嗯……”他挠了挠 额头，“我们得拍几张 X 光片”，他肯定地说。 By using such expressions as “took my left foot in his hands”, “scratched his forehead”, this sentence presents a vivid picture of the affected manner with which the doctor diagnosed the patient’s disease. Then why did he put on such affected airs? Let us wait and see!
Note to Para. 14
13. Four X-rays had to be taken — two of the front of my foot and one of each side of it. 一共要拍四 张 X 光片——脚正面两张，侧面各一张。 It seems that more X-rays taken will lead to more accurate diagnosis, so few patients will complain about it even if they might be over-checked — with Type-B ultrasonic for instance followed by CT and thus overcharged as is a common practice now in some hospitals.

Note to Para. 16
14. “There is a small bone here that is causing the problem,” he looked at the X-ray against the light. “I can remove it if you like.” “我拿到你的 X 光片了，”医生走了进来，“病因在这块小骨头上。” 他对着灯光观察 X 光片，“如果你愿意，我能把它取出来。” Note that by asking a patient “if you like” for a surgery, he sounded unprofessional if not irresponsible as a doctor. Note also that “as / if you like” is spoken British English used to suggest or offer something to someone. e.g. If you like, I could go with you.
Note to Para. 19
15. “How much will it cost me to have surgery?” “手术费要花多少钱？” Meaning: How much shall I pay for the surgery? Note that “it” in the sentence is an antecedent (先行词) referring to the infinitive phrase “to have surgery”.
Note to Para. 20
16. “Let’s see. The operation will cost about three thousand dollars, then rehabilitation — about two thousand, hospital, medicine... I think that you would have to spend about eight thousand.” “我们来 算一下。手术费大约 3000 美元，然后需要康复——费用约 2000 美元，还有住院费，医药费…… 我想你得花大约 8000 美元。” With such high medical costs, those Americans with no medical insurance for some reasons
sometimes simply go without needed medical treatment. On the other hand, overbilling is nothing unusual in the medical profession in which physicians feel forced to exaggerate symptoms of managed-care patients, since otherwise their insurers would deny coverage.
Note to Para. 22
17. “It’s up to you. For now I can give you some pills that will ease the pain.” “由你自己决定。我暂 且可以给你开点止痛药。” ease: vt./vi. 减轻；放松；缓和 e.g. The aspirin eased her headache. Note that pills that will ease the pain can simply be substituted by the word “painkiller”.
Note to Para. 23
18. If I make a decision to have this operation, how much time will it take for me to be able to walk and work again? 如果我决定手术的话，需要多长时间我才能恢复走路并正常工作呢？ Obviously, the author had other concerns than the financial problem. It seems that going back to work soon after the surgery is as important as his health.

Note to Para. 26
19. Going back to the front desk, I was thinking feverishly. I couldn’t afford not to work for such a long time. 回到前台我焦躁不安地思考着。我可承受不了这么长时间不工作。 Meaning: I couldn’t manage without working for three months. Note that for many patients it is both a financial and a time problem to be off work for an operation for three months, which can mean losing the job, plus the salaries.
Note to Para. 27
20. “It will be two hundred for the first visit, one hundred and eighty for the X-rays so it makes three hundred and eighty all together,” said the receptionist. “初诊费二百元，X 光片一百八十元，总 共三百八十元。”接待员说道。 make: vt. 等于，相等 e.g. Twelve inches make one foot.
Note to Para. 29
21. “The first visit costs so much,” explained the receptionist, “but the next will cost you less,” she consoled me seeing a painful grimace on my face. “Here’s your prescription. Have a nice day!”“初 诊费是不便宜，”接待员解释说，看到我痛苦的表情又补充道，“但复诊费就会减少点。这 是你的处方，祝你愉快！” console: vt. 安慰，慰藉 e.g. We tried to console our cousin who was almost mad with grief after her son’s death. prescription: n. [C] 处方 e.g. These pills are available by prescription only.
Notes to Para. 30
22. If I had known how much the doctor would spoil my day, I wouldn’t have gone to see him at all. 早 知道会被医生破坏心情，我根本就不会去就诊。 spoil: vt. 破坏 e.g. Our holidays were spoiled by bad weather.
23. The pain was the pain and I had to get rid of it somehow. 疼痛就是疼痛，我总得止痛吧。 Meaning: The pain made you suffer and it would last unless you find a way to ease it. Note the emphatic structure of the expression, The pain was the pain: a noun + be + the same noun. cf. Business is business; A child is a child; A friend is a friend.
24. The nearest drug store sold me the medicine for forty dollars so I spent four hundred and twenty dollars all together just to know that if I like I can have a surgery. 在最近的一家药店花了四十元 买了药，这样一共花了四百二十元，最终结果只是让我知道了，如果我愿意的话就能做手术。 just to: also, only to, an expression used to indicate an unexpected or unwanted result. e.g. We worked hard for thirty years just/only to afford a two-bedroom apartment in the suburbs of Shanghai.

Note to Para. 31
25. It just so happened that two months later I saw my friend from Poland who was an orthopedic doctor. One word led to another and I told him about my problem and about the visit to a local doctor. 两 个月后，我碰巧遇到了我的波兰朋友，他是名外科整形医生。在你一言我一语的交谈中，我 顺便跟他提到了我的疾病以及在当地就诊的经历。 One word leads to another: 你一言我一语 e.g. One word leads to another and before you know, you’re in a quarrel with the rude man in a busy street, drawing a crowd of onlookers. cf. one thing leads to another: 一发而不可收 e.g. He only stole a pen from his teacher’s office at first, but one thing led to another and he ended up in prison.
Note to Para. 32
26. “All you need is a support.” “你只需要一个支架。” support: n. a structure that holds up or provides a foundation 支架，支撑 What a different treatment! Just a simple support will do rather than an expensive operation. A doctor is a doctor and a quack is a quack.
Note to Para. 35
27. “Wow! You are saving my life!” I exclaimed. “哇！你可真是我的救星！”我叫道。 Meaning: You are saving me a big trouble. Note that the expression “You are saving my life” seems to sound exaggerating for such a small trouble as his problem foot, but it is commonly used in such a situation to show one’s pleasant surprise and gratitude.
Note to Para. 37
28. Waiting for the promised support, I used up all my pills and went back to the doctor to get a new prescription. 在等待我的支架从波兰寄来期间，我的止痛药用完了，于是便又去找那位医生想 重新开个处方。 Note that here “a new prescription” refers to another prescription for the same pil（l 新处方抓老药）, not a prescription for a new drug.
Note to Para. 38
29. “The doctor can’t give you a new prescription without seeing you,” the receptionist surprised me. “大夫没给你看病就不能重新开处方。”接待员的话让我很意外。 From a different standpoint, the nurse and the doctor were expecting to benefit from the patient’s one-after-another visit while the patient wanted to save money by simply taking a prescription like the previous one without being “seen” by the doctor. No wonder the author was surprised.

Note to Para. 45
30. “Can I get anything that has a similar efficacy to this medicine?” I showed the pharmacist an empty container. “能买到类似这种药效的药吗？”我把一只空药盒拿给药剂师看。 Meaning: Can I get some medicine that has the same effect as this medicine? efficacy: n. [U] 功效 e.g. Aspirin has efficacy in relieving headaches. pharmacist: n. 药剂师 e.g. Don’t mix alcohol and medicine unless your doctor or pharmacist says it’s ok. Note the difference between pharmacist, pharmacy, chemist, chemist’s and drugstore. A pharmacist is someone who prepares and sells medicines. This is American English, but in British English pharmacist is slightly technical and it is more usual to use the word chemist. The place where a pharmacist works is a pharmacy. This can be a shop, part of a shop, or part of a hospital. Pharmacy is the usual word in American English. In British English, you usually refer to the part of a hospital that prepares and gives out medicines as a pharmacy, but the usual word for a shop where medicines are prepared and sold is a chemist or a chemist’s. In Britain chemists usually also sell other things, such as beauty and baby products. A shop like this is called a drugstore or pharmacy in North America.
Notes to Para. 49
31. I had been sinking in something that was hard to believe in — the sea of question marks. 我已经陷 入难以置信的境地——满脑子都是问号。 Meaning: I had so many questions about what had been going on that it seemed as if I had been submerged in water and there was no way to get out of it. Note that in this sentence the author uses two metaphors: 1) sink in something, meaning “get into the trouble as if drowning in the flood”; 2) the sea of question marks, meaning “plenty of question marks like an endless sea”. sink in: 陷入 e.g. They lost all their money and sank into desperate poverty.
32. Why did I have to have surgery if I didn’t need it? Why did I have to spend eight thousand dollars if I could solve the problem with ten dollars? Why did I have to use medicine for forty dollars if I could swallow pills for five bucks? Why did I have to pay for the first visit if I wasn’t sure that I would come to see the same doctor again? Why? Why? Why? 为什么我非得做手术呢，如果我并 不需要的话？为什么我非得花费八千元呢，如果十元就能解决问题？为什么我一定要用四十 元的药呢，如果我能用五元的药？为什么我非得付初诊费呢，如果我不能确定会去复诊的话？ 为什么？为什么？为什么呢？ Note that the seven why-questions strongly convey the patient’s painful experience of this painful visit —disbelief, questioning, indignity, complaint and protest. swallow: vt./ vi. 吞咽 e.g. Most snakes swallow their prey whole. buck: n. [C] 钱；（一）元

e.g. Using celebrities in advertising is guaranteed to make big bucks.
Note to Para. 50
33. But here, in America, I am scared to death. I am scared to death not because I have a health problem to solve but because the visit makes me even more sick. 但在美国，我却怕得要命。这么害怕不 是因为担心我需要解决的健康问题，而是因为看病反倒加重我的病情。 The sarcastic criticism is well expressed by the last part of this sentence: “the visit makes me even more sick. Here “even more sick” indicates that the hospital has made him worse than before, not only physically, but also mentally.
3. Questions on the text 1. How does the doctor diagnose the patient at the beginning? He diagnoses his patient by striking him quick, unexpected and powerful blows. 2. What advice does the doctor give to the patient even if he has no idea what is wrong with the patient? What is the doctor's motive for giving this advice? He advises the patient to go to bed and stay there and keep quiet. This may result in either a quiet recovery or a quiet death. In either case, the patient won't come to him and complain about his treatment. 3. What does the doctor hope to achieve when he calls every morning and thumps and beats his patient? He hopes that in this way he can keep the patient submissive and perhaps force him to confess what is wrong with him. 4. How does the doctor reply to the patient's questions on diet? The answer to this question varies very much. He is likely to advise the patient to eat plenty when it is late in the morning and he is extremely hungry. But he'll advise his patient not to eat anything if he has just had lunch and is very full. 5. What prevents so many people from seeing through the modern quacks? It is the work of the analytical laboratory. Otherwise the modern quacks' treatment would be so transparent that people would easily recognize the real nature of those quacks. 6. Why does the writer claim that the work of laboratory analysis makes the patient feel that the treatment is worth paying for? This is because the patient is filled up with a sense of personal importance when he sees his "parts and pieces and extracts" cut off and knows that they would be sent for analysis. 7. What does the writer really mean when he says an ambulance is more soothing than a hack? The writer is ridiculing modern quacks. As is known to us all, the ambulance cannot cure the patient, but it won't at least torture him. When the patient is treated by a quack, however, he will be beaten, given bad advice. Worst of all, his "parts, pieces and extracts" will be cut for no good reason.

8. What is this article intended to say?
The article is intended to advise the reader to beware of modern quacks./The article is intended to
expose the quack medicine in our society. 4. Working with words and phrases A. Put the following Chinese expressions into English. 1. 倒在沙发上瘫作一团 fall over on the sofa in a heap 2. 处于恐惧的痛苦之中 in an agony of fear 3. 对某人病情一无所知 not have the least idea what's wrong with somebody 4. 克制饮食 self-denial in the matter of eating 5. 剪去一撮头发 cut off a lock of hair 6. 激发病人对医生的信任 inspire the patient's confidence with his/her doctor B. Complete the following sentences with appropriate words in the text.
1. One of them sipped from a glass of water, looking wary but not c(owed).
2. His cheeks g(listened) with tears as he was told about his mother's death.
3. Just d(ismiss) those thoughts from your mind—they are crazy and not worth thinking about.
4. He s(nipped) the string and untied the parcel. 5. If you were to e(xert) your influence they might change
their decision. 5. Discussion Discuss the following questions with a partner or in a small group of 4 to 6 students.
Mind Map
enjoy high social status sacred and decent
1. What do you think of being a doctor?
go to the pharmacy (drugstore; chemist's)
In my opinion, a doctor enjoys high social status and the pharmacist (druggist; chemist)
doctor's vocation is considered as sacred and decent. They can earn respect from patients, and their duty is to heal the wounded and rescue the dying. Besides, they make good
earn respect from patients heal the wounded and rescue the dying
money. A doctor should not give priority to money, though; otherwise he is not a good doctor.
2. Do you think it is necessary to see a doctor when one is sick? Please give your reasons.
When we get sick, whether to see a doctor depends on how serious the illness is. For a common
disease, we can go to a drugstore where there are pharmacists to give us proper help. However, if we
are seriously ill, we will have no choice but to go and see a doctor.
6. Practice: interpreting
Several days after the medical examination, Mr. Watson, the patient, had a gathering with his friends.
Mr. Watson had a conversation with one of them, Mr. Johnson. The conversation is as follows.
Interpret it into English with your partner.
约翰逊：听说你最近身体不好，到底怎么了？

Mr. Johnson: I hear you're not very well these days. What's the matter? 沃 森：我这里很痛。前几天去看了医生。 Mr. Watson: I have a bad pain here. I went to see the doctor the other day. 约翰逊：医生怎么说？严不严重？ Mr. Johnson: What did the doctor say? Is it serious? 沃 森：医生检查了我的后背、心脏还有胃部。他认为我有点轻微的中耳炎。 Mr. Watson: The doctor examined my back, heart, and stomach. He thought there might be a slight anaesthesia of the tympanum. 约翰逊：是吗？那医生开了什么方子？ Mr. Johnson: Is that so? What did the doctor prescribe you? 沃 森：医生让我保持绝对安静，得安安静静地卧床休息。 Mr. Watson: The doctor asked me to keep very quite. I have to stay in bed and keep quiet. 约翰逊：医生让你做化验了吗？ Mr. Johnson: Did the doctor have anything analyzed? 沃 森：当然了，他从我身上剪下一些零零碎碎的东西，然后送到各个化验室去化验。 Mr. Watson: Of course. He snipped off parts and pieces and extracts of me and sent them to analytical laboratories in different places. 约翰逊：那一定很贵吧？ Mr. Johnson: That must be very expensive? 沃 森：是有一些贵，可我觉得很值。 Mr. Watson: Yes, it is. But it is worth paying for. 约翰逊：这下你就再也不能喝酒了。 Mr. Johnson: Now you cannot drink alcohol any more. 沃 森：对，对，你说得非常正确。 Mr. Watson: No, no. You're absolutely correct.
7. Practice: translation A. Put the following sentences from the text into Chinese. Pay special attention to the italicized expressions. 1. Then the doctor turns suddenly and lets him have a left hook under the heart. 医生又突然转过来，在他心脏下方来了一记左钩拳。 2. But if, on the other hand, the doctor has spent the night before at a little gathering of medical friends, he is very apt to forbid the patient to touch alcohol in any shape, and to dismiss the subject with great severity. 但是如果医生前一晚参加了一伙医生朋友的聚会，他就会禁止病人碰任何形式的酒精，并且严厉地拒谈这一话题。 3. Then he looks the patient up and down, with the scissors in his hand, and if he sees any likely part of him he clips it off and wraps it up.

医生从上到下仔细打量病人，手里拿着剪刀，只要看到任何疑似跟病情有关的地方，就会从病人身上剪去，并包起来。
4. Now this, oddly enough, is the very thing that fills the patient up with that sense of personal
importance which is worth paying for. 奇怪的是，这种做法却令病人觉得自己很受重视，因而值得为此花钱。
B. Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in the brackets.
1. After hours of questioning, [the suspect confessed] (嫌犯终于招供了). 2. The old car [is apt to] (很容易) break down. 3. Using someone else's name is [not in and of itself a crime] (本身并不是犯罪) unless there is an intention to commit a fraud. 4. By a small margin, Americans are [more pleased than disappointed] (对……不感 到失望，而是感到高兴) with Obama's being elected as President. 5. The family are [filled with a sense of peace and satisfaction](充满了平静和满足), knowing that their innocent son arrested yesterday is to be released soon. 8. Practice: writing
A. Write a summary of the text (max. 180 words), referring to the outline below. Summary outline: 1. The doctor's examination of the patient; 2. The doctor's ignorance of the problems of the patient; 3. The doctor's various reactions to the patient's question about diet; 4. The doctor's insistence on cutting off parts of the patient and sending them to be analyzed; 5. A concluding statement that reflects the writer's attitude to the modern doctor's business. Reference answer： The modern doctor's business is extremely simple. When the patient enters the consulting room and tells the doctor the symptoms of his sufferings, the doctor examines the patient by striking him blows in several parts of his body. In reality, the doctor hasn't the least idea what is wrong with the patient, and all he can do is keep the patient submissive and force him to confess his illness. When asked about the patient's diet, the doctor may respond differently, depending on how he is feeling and whether it is long since he had a meal himself. It is the work of the analytical laboratory that inspires the patient with proper confidence in the modern treatment. Whatever illness the patient may suffer, the doctor will insist on snipping off all the likely parts and send them to the analytical laboratory for tests. Despite the absurdity and our knowledge of the modern medicine, however, we rush for a doctor as soon as we have a pain within us. B. Basic writing techniques: repeating key nouns to achieve coherence in a paragraph.
In addition to unity, coherence is an equally important element of a good paragraph. In order to
have coherence in writing, the movement from one sentence to the next must be logical and smooth. There must be no sudden jumps. Each sentence should flow smoothly into the next one.
There are several techniques to achieve coherence in a paragraph and repeating key nouns is one of them.
As you may recall, we have come across a model paragraph entitled Gold. One of the techniques employed to achieve coherence in this paragraph is repeating the key word gold. You will find the noun

gold has been repeated seven times. If the key noun was replaced by the pronoun it, the paragraph would be much less coherent.
Gold, a precious metal, is prized for two important characteristics. First of all, it has a lustrous beauty that is resistant to corrosion. Therefore, it is suitable for jewelry, coins, and ornamental purposes. It never needs to be polished and will remain beautiful forever. For example, a Macedonian coin remains as untarnished today as the day it was minted twenty-three centuries ago. Another important characteristic is its usefulness to industry and science. For many years, it has been used in hundreds of industrial applications. Its most recent use is in astronauts' suits. Astronauts wear heat shields plated with it for protection outside the spaceship. In conclusion, it is treasured not only for its beauty but also for its utility.
Now let us go on to do the following exercises to consolidate what you have learned about the role of key nouns in paragraph coherence.
Exercise 1: In the following paragraph, the key noun is never repeated. Replace the pronoun it with the key noun English wherever you think doing so would make the paragraph more coherent.
English English has almost become an international language. Except for Chinese, more people speak it than any other language. Spanish is the official language of more countries in the world, but more countries have it as their official or unofficial second language. More than seventy percent of the world's mail is written in it. In international business, it is used more than any other language, and it is the language of airline pilots and air traffic controllers all over the world. Moreover, although French used to be the language of diplomacy, it has displaced it throughout the world. Therefore, unless you plan to spend your life alone on a desert island in the middle of the Pacific Ocean, i is a useful language to know. Your answer： Reference answer： English has almost become an international language. Except for Chinese, more people speak English than any other language. Spanish is the official language of more countries in the world, but more countries have English as their official or unofficial second language. More than seventy percent of the world's mail is written in English. In international business, English is used more than any other language, and it is the language of airline pilots and air traffic controllers all over the world. Moreover, although French used to be the language of diplomacy, English has displaced it throughout the world. Therefore, unless you plan to spend your life alone on a desert island in the middle of the Pacific Ocean, English is a useful language to know. Exercise 2: In the following passage about dolphins, replace some of the pronouns with appropriate singular or plural nouns.
Dolphins Interest in dolphins has increased in the past few years. They are interesting because they display almost human-like behavior at times. For example, they help each other when they are in trouble. If

大学英语Unit 1 课文翻译

学外语 学习外语是我一生中最艰苦也是最有意义的经历之一。虽然时常遭遇挫折，但却非常有价值。 我学外语的经历始于初中的第一堂英语课。老师很慈祥耐心，时常表扬学生。由于这种积极的教学方法，我踊跃回答各种问题，从不怕答错。两年中，我的成绩一直名列前茅。 到了高中后，我渴望继续学习英语。然而，高中时的经历与以前大不相同。以前，老师对所有的学生都很耐心，而新老师则总是惩罚答错的学生。每当有谁回答错了，她就会用长教鞭指着我们，上下挥舞大喊：“错！错！错！”没有多久，我便不再渴望回答问题了。我不仅失去了回答问题的乐趣，而且根本就不想再用英语说半个字。 好在这种情况没持续多久。到了大学，我了解到所有学生必须上英语课。与高中老师不同，大学英语老师非常耐心和蔼，而且从来不带教鞭！不过情况却远不尽如人意。由于班大，每堂课能轮到我回答的问题寥寥无几。上了几周课后，我还发现许多同学的英语说得比我要好得多。我开始产生一种畏惧感。虽然原因与高中时不同，但我却又一次不敢开口了。看来我的英语水平要永远停步不前了。 直到几年后我有机会参加远程英语课程，情况才有所改善。这种课程的媒介是一台电脑、一条电话线和一个调制解调器。我很快配齐了必要的设备并跟一个朋友学会了电脑操作技术，于是我每周用5到7天在网上的虚拟课堂里学习英语。 网上学习并不比普通的课堂学习容易。它需要花许多的时间，需要学习者专心自律，以跟上课程进度。我尽力达到课程的最低要求，并按时完成作业。 我随时随地都在学习。不管去哪里，我都随身携带一本袖珍字典和笔记本，笔记本上记着我遇到的生词。我学习中出过许多错，有时是令人尴尬的错误。有时我会因挫折而哭泣，有时甚至想放弃。但我从未因别的同学英语说得比我快而感到畏惧，因为在电脑屏幕上作出回答之前，我可以根据自己的需要花时间去琢磨自己的想法。突然有一天我发现自己什么都懂了，更重要的是，我说起英语来灵活自如。尽管我还是常常出错，还有很多东西要学，但我已尝到了刻苦学习的甜头。 学习外语对我来说是非常艰辛的经历，但它又无比珍贵。它不仅使我懂得了艰苦努力的意义，而且让我了解了不同的文化，让我以一种全新的思维去看待事物。学习一门外语最令人兴奋的收获是我能与更多的人交流。与人交谈是我最喜欢的一项活动，新的语言使我能与陌生人交往，参与他们的谈话，并建立新的难以忘怀的友谊。由于我已能说英语，别人讲英语时我不再茫然不解了。我能够参与其中，并结交朋友。我能与人交流，并能够弥合我所说的语言和所处的文化与他们的语言和文化之间的鸿沟。

全新版大学英语综合教程1课后翻译题答案

Unit 1 Growing Up Ⅱ. Translation 1.那是个正规宴会，我照妈妈对我讲的那样穿着礼服去了。（formal） As it was a formal dinner party, I wore formal dress, as Mother told me to. 2.他的女朋友劝他趁抽烟的坏习惯尚未根深蒂固之前把它改掉。（take hold） His girlfriend advised him to get out of/get rid of his bad habit of smoking before it took hold. 3.他们预料到下几个月电的需求量很大，决定增加生产。（anticipate） Anticipating that the demand for electricity will be high during the next few months, they have decided to increase its production. 4.据说比尔因一再违反公司的安全规章而被解雇。（violate） It is said that Bill has been fired for continually violating the company’s safety rules. / Bill is said to have been fired for continually violating the company’s safety rules. 5.据报道地方政府已采取适当措施避免严重缺水（water shortage）的可能性。 （avoid, severe） It is reported that the government has taken proper measures to avoid the possibility of a severe water shortage. /The local government is reported to have taken proper measures to avoid the possibility of a severe water shortage. 苏珊（Susan）因车祸失去了双腿。有一段时间，她真不知如何面对自己再也不能行走的事实。 一天，苏珊在浏览杂志时，被一个真实故事吸引住了。那个故事生动地描写了一个残疾（disabled）姑娘是如何成为一位作家的。苏珊读后深受鼓舞，开始相信她最终会成为一个有用的人生活下去。 Inspire vivid scan face up with finally Susan lost her legs because of / in a car accident. For a time, she didn’t know how to face up to the fact that she would never (be able to) walk again. One day, while scanning (through) some magazines, a true story caught her eye /she was attracted by a true story. It gave a vivid description of how a disabled girl became a writer. Greatly inspired, Susan began to feel that she, too, would finally be bale to lead a useful life. Unit 2 Friendship II. Translation 1)半个小时过去了，但末班车还没来。我们只好走路回家。（go by） Half an hour had gone by, but the last bus hadn’t come yet. We had to walk home.

新视野大学英语(第三版)读写教程第四册课文及翻译

12456单元 Love and logic: The story of fallacy 爱情与逻辑：谬误的故事 I had my first date with Polly after I made the trade with my roommate Rob. That year every guy on campus had a leather jacket, and Rob couldn't stand the idea of being the only football player who didn't, so he made a pact that he'd give me his girl in exchange for my jacket. He wasn't the brightest guy. Polly wasn't too shrewd, either. 在我和室友罗伯的交易成功之后，我和波莉有了第一次约会。那一年校园里每个人都有件皮夹克，而罗伯是校足球队员中唯一一个没有皮夹克的，他一想到这个就受不了，于是他和我达成了一项协议，用他的女友换取我的夹克。他可不那么聪明，而他的女友波莉也不太精明。 But she was pretty, well-off, didn't dye her hair strange colors or wear too much makeup. She had the right background to be the girlfriend of a dogged, brilliant lawyer. If I could show the elite law firms I applied to that I had a radiant, well-spoken counterpart by my side, I just might edge past the competition. 但她漂亮而且富有，也没有把头发染成奇怪的颜色或是化很浓的妆。她拥有合适的家庭背景，足以胜任一名坚忍而睿智的律师的女友。如果我能够让我所申请的顶尖律师事务所看到我身边伴随着一位光彩照人、谈吐优雅的另一半，我就很有可能在竞聘中以微弱优势获胜。 "Radiant" she was already. I could dispense her enough pearls of wisdom to make her "well-spoken". “光彩照人”，她已经是了。而我也能施予她足够多的“智慧之珠”，让她变得“谈吐优雅”。 After a banner day out, I drove until we were situated under a big old oak tree on a hill off the expressway. What I had in mind was a little eccentric. I thought the venue with a perfect view of the luminous city would lighten the mood. We stayed in the car, and I turned down the stereo and took my foot off the brake pedal. "What are we going to talk about?" she asked. 在一起外出度过了美好的一天之后，我驱车来到了高速公路旁一座小山上一棵古老的大橡树下。我的想法有些怪异。而这个地方能够俯瞰灯火灿烂的城区，我觉得它会使人的心情变轻松。我们呆在车子里，我调低了音响并把脚从刹车上挪开。“我们要谈些什么？”她问道。 "Logic." “逻辑学。” "Cool," she said over her gum. “好酷啊，”她一边嚼着口香糖一边说。 "The doctrine of logic,” I said, "is a staple of clear thinking. Failures in logic distort the truth, and some of them are well known. First let's look at the fallacy Dicto Simpliciter." “逻辑学的原理，”我说道，“即清晰思考的主要原则。逻辑上出现的问题会歪曲事实，其中有些还很普遍。我们先来看看一种叫做…绝对判断?的逻辑谬误。”

大学英语第一册课文翻译

新编大学英语（第二版）第一册阅读文参考译文 Unit One 以生命相赠 1 炸弹落在了这个小村庄里。在可怕的越南战争期间，谁也不知道这些炸弹要轰炸什么目标，而他们却落在了一所有传教士们办的小孤儿院内。 2 传教士和一两个孩子已经丧生，还有几个孩子受了伤，其中有一个小女孩，8岁左右，她的双腿被炸伤。 3 几小时后，医疗救援小组到了。救援小组由一名年轻的美国海军医生和一名同样年轻的海军护士组成。他们很快发现有个小女孩伤势严重。如果不立即采取行动，显然她就会因失血过多和休克而死亡。 4 他们明白必须给小女孩输血，但是他们的医药用品很有限，没有血浆，因此需要相配血型的血。快速的血型测定显示两名美国人的血型都不合适，而几个没有受伤的孤儿却有相配的血型。 5 这位医生会讲一点越南语，忽视会讲一点法语，但只有中学的法语水平。孩子们不会说英语，只会说一点法语。医生和护士用少得可怜的一点共同语言，结合大量的手势，努力向这些受惊吓的孩子们解释说，除非他们能输一些血给自己的小伙伴，否则她将必死无疑。接着问他们是否有人愿意献血来救小女孩。 6 对医生和护士的请求，孩子们（只是）瞪大眼睛，一声不吭。此时小病人生命垂危。然而，只有这些受惊吓的孩子中有人自愿献血，他们才能够得到血。过了好一会儿，一只小手慢慢地举了起来，然后垂了下去，一会儿又举了起来。 7 “噢，谢谢，”护士用法语说。“你叫什么名字？” 8 “兴，”小男孩回答道。 9 兴很快被抱到一张床上，手臂用酒精消毒后，针就扎了进去。在整个过程中，兴僵直地躺着，没有出声。 10 过了一会儿，他发出了一声长长的抽泣，但立即用那只可以活动的手捂住了自己的脸。 11 “兴，疼吗？”医生问。 12 兴默默地摇了摇头，但一会儿忍不住又抽泣起来，并又一次试图掩饰自己的哭声。医生又问是不是插在手臂上的针弄疼了他，兴又摇了摇头。

全新版大学英语3综合教程课后习题翻译原题及答案

1.我们的计算机系统出了毛病，但我觉得问题不大 We have a problem with the computer system, but I think it’s fairly minor. 2.父亲去逝的时候我还小,不能独立生活。就在那时，家乡的父老接过了教育我的责任。My father died when I was too young to live on my own. The people of my hometown took over my upbringing at that point. 3.这些玩具必须得达到严格的安全要求后才可出售给儿童 The toys have to meet strict safety requirements before they can be sold to children. 4.作为新闻和舆论的载体，广播和电视补充了而不是替代了报纸。 Radio and television have supplemented rather than replaced the newspaper as carriers of news and opinion. 5.至于这本杂志，它刊载了世界各地许多报纸杂志上文章的摘要 When it comes to this magazine, it is/ carries a digest of articles from many newspapers and magazines around the world. 1.虽然受到全球金融危机后果的巨大影响，但是我们仍然相信我们能够面对挑战，克服危机。Though greatly affected by the consequences of the global financial crisis, we are still confident that we can face up to the challenge and overcome the crisis. 2.在持续不断的沙尘暴的威胁下，我们被迫离开我们喜爱的村庄，搬迁到新的地方。 Under threat of constant sand storms, we were compelled to leave our cherished village and move to the new settlement. 3.根据最近的网上调查，许多消费者说他们也许会有兴趣考虑购买电视广告中播放的产品。According to a recent online survey, a lot of consumers say they may be motivated to consider buying products shown in TV commercials. 4.看到卡车司机把受污染的废弃物倒在河边，老人马上向警方报告 Having spotted a truck driver dumping contaminated waste alongside the river, the old man reported to the police at once. 5.一些科学家坚信人们总有一天会喜欢转基因农作物的，因为它们能够提高产量，帮助发展 中国家战胜饥荒和疾病 Some scientists hold to the firm conviction that people will come to like genetically modified crops someday since they can increase yields and help combat hunger and disease in the developing world. 1.无论是在城市还是农村，因特网正在改变人们的生活方式。 The Internet is changing the way people live, whether they are in urban or rural areas. 2.和大公司相比，中小公司更容易受到金融危机的威胁。 Medium-sized and small companies are more vulnerable to the threat of the global economic crisis than large ones. 3.关于期末论文，教授要求我们先分析失业图表，然然后对过家的经济发展提供批评性的见解。 With regard to our term paper, the professor asked us to analyze the unemployment chart first, and then provide critical reflections on the nations economic development. 4.他从来也没有想到他们队会大比分赢得那场篮球赛。 It never occurred to him that their team would win the basketball match by a large margin.

新视野大学英语读写教程第三版第一册课文翻译

Unit1奔向更加光明的未来 1 下午好！作为校长，我非常自豪地欢迎你们来到这所大学。你们所取得的成就是你们自己多年努力的结果，也是你们的父母和老师们多年努力的结果。在这所大学里，我们承诺 将使你们学有所成。 2 在欢迎你们到来的这一刻，我想起自己高中毕业时的情景，还有妈妈为我和爸爸拍的合影。妈妈吩咐我们：“姿势自然点。” “等一等 , ”爸爸说，“把我递给他闹钟的情景拍下来。” 在大学期间，那个闹钟每天早晨叫醒我。至今它还放在我办公室的桌子上。 3 让我来告诉你们, 一些你们未必预料得到的事情。你们将会怀念以前的生活习惯，怀念父母曾经提醒你们要刻苦学习、取得佳绩。你们可能因为高中生活终于结束而喜极而泣，你 们的父母也可能因为终于不用再给你们洗衣服而喜极而泣！但是要记住：未来是建立在过 去扎实的基础上的。 4 对你们而言，接下来的四年将会是无与伦比的一段时光。在这里，你们拥有丰富的资源：有来自全国各地的有趣的学生，有学识渊博又充满爱心的老师，有综合性图书馆，有完备的运动设施，还有针对不同兴趣的学生社团——从文科社团到理科社团、到社区服务等等。你们将自由地探索、学习新科目。你们要学着习惯点灯熬油，学着结交充满魅力的人，学着 去追求新的爱好。我想鼓励你们充分利用这一特殊的经历，并用你们的干劲和热情去收获 这一机会所带来的丰硕成果。 5 有这么多课程可供选择，你可能会不知所措。你不可能选修所有的课程，但是要尽可能 体验更多的课程！大学里有很多事情可做可学，每件事情都会为你提供不同视角来审视世 界。如果我只能给你们一条选课建议的话，那就是：挑战自己！不要认为你早就了解自己对什么样的领域最感兴趣。选择一些你从未接触过的领域的课程。这样，你不仅会变得更加博学，而且更有可能发现一个你未曾想到的、能成就你未来的爱好。一个绝佳的例子就是时装设计师王薇薇，她最初学的是艺术史。随着时间的推移，王薇薇把艺术史研究和对时装的热爱结合起来，并将其转化为对设计的热情，从而使她成为全球闻名的设计师。 6 在大学里，一下子拥有这么多新鲜体验可能不会总是令人愉快的。在你的宿舍楼里，住在你 隔壁寝室的同学可能会反复播放同一首歌，令你头痛欲裂！你可能喜欢早起，而你的室友 却是个夜猫子！尽管如此，你和你的室友仍然可能成为最要好的朋友。如果有些新的经历让你感觉不那么舒心，不要担心。我保证快乐的经历会多于不快的经历。而且我保证几乎所有这些经历都会给你带来宝贵的经验教训，从而使你的生活更加丰富多彩。所以，带着热切的目光和欢乐的心情，勇敢向前去拥抱这些新的体验吧！ 7 我们相信，你们的自我发现之旅和对爱好的寻求带给你们的将不仅仅是个人的进步。我们相信，当你们成为我们的学者群体中的一员时，你们很快就会认识到，大学不仅提供大量自我充实的机会，同时也带来了责任。一位智者说过：“教育代代相传，它就是社会的灵魂。”你们是你们家庭辛勤劳动成果的传承者，也是无数前辈辛勤劳动成果的传承者。他们积累了知识，并把知识传递给你们，而这些知识正是你们取得成功所必需的。现在轮到你们了。你们会获取什么样的知识？你们会发现什么样的兴趣爱好？你们怎样做才能为你们的子孙后代创造一个强大昌盛的未来？ 8 我们很高兴能为你们人生旅途中这一重大阶段开启大门。我们很高兴你们将获得许多机会，也很高兴你们将作为社区、国家乃至世界的公民承担起应有的责任。欢迎你们！

大学英语课文翻译及习题答案

大学英语课文翻译及习 题答案 标准化管理部编码-[99968T-6889628-J68568-1689N]

Unit 1 1. A very curious boy, Tom, is interested not only in whats but also in whys and hows. 汤姆是个非常好奇的男孩，他不仅对“是什么”感兴趣，而且也对“为什么”和“怎么会”感兴趣。 2. Happiness, according to Prof. Smith, is the ability to make the most of what you have. 据史密斯教授说，幸福就是你能充分利用你所有的一切。 3. You’d better keep the book where your 15-year-old son can’t get his hands on. 你最好把这本书放在你15岁的儿子找不到的地方。 4. The story was very funny and Bill kept laughing while reading it. 这故事非常滑稽，比尔一边读一边不停地笑。 5. High-achieving students do not necessarily put in more time at their studies than their lower-scoring classmates. 成绩优秀的学生未必比他们得分较低的同学在学习上花费更多的时间。 6. How did you manage to persuade these students to take the speed-reading course 你是怎样设法说服这些学生修读快速阅读课的 7. Working hard is important, but knowing how to make the most of one's abilities counts for much more. 用功是重要的，但知道如何充分利用自己的才能更重要得多。 8. She asked her students to think for themselves rather than telling them what to think. 她要求学生独立思考，而不是告诉他们该思考什么。 Unit 2 1. Referring to the differences between American English and British English, he said, “The United States and Britain are, after all, two different countries.” 在谈及美国英语和英国英语的差别时，他说：“美国和英国毕竟是两个不同的国家。” 2. Prof. Smith encourages his students to think for themselves. “I am just as happy,” he often says, “even if you challenge me or completely disagree with me.” 史密斯教授鼓励他的学生独立思考。他常说：“即使你们对我提出质疑或者完全不同意我的看法，我也同样高兴。” 3. We called on him to take part in our conversation about pop music, but as soon as he joined in, he introduced a new topic and referred to the NBA finals of the previous week. 我们请他参加我们关于流行音乐的谈话，但他一参加进来就引入一个新的话题，谈起了上周的NBA决赛。 4. The driver is responsible for this accident. His car knocked down a tree and a man on his bike. 司机应对这次事故负责。他的车撞倒了一棵树和一个骑车的人。

新视野大学英语读写教程第三版翻译

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大学英语4课文翻译

unit 1 TextA Love and logic: The story of a fallacy 爱情与逻辑：谬误的故事 1 I had my first date with Polly after I made the trade with my roommate Rob. That year every guy on campus had a leather jacket, and Rob couldn't stand the idea of being the only football player who didn't, so he made a pact that he'd give me his girl in exchange for my jacket. He wasn't the brightest guy. Polly wasn't too shrewd, either. 在我和室友罗伯的交易成功之后，我和波莉有了第一次约会。那一年校园里每个人都有件皮夹克，而罗伯是校足球队员中唯一一个没有皮夹克的，他一想到这个就受不了，于是他和我达成了一项协议，用他的女友换取我的夹克。他可不那么聪明，而他的女友波莉也不太精明。 2 But she was pretty, well-off, didn't dye her hair strange colors or wear too much makeup. She had the right background to be the girlfriend of a dogged, brilliant lawyer. If I could show the elite law firms I applied to that I had a radiant, well-spoken counterpart by my side, I just might edge past the competition. 但她漂亮而且富有，也没有把头发染成奇怪的颜色或是化很浓的妆。她拥有合适的家庭背景，足以胜任一名坚忍而睿智的律师的女友。如果我能够让我所申请的顶尖律师事务所看到我身边伴随着一位光彩照人、谈吐优雅的另一半，我就很有可能在竞聘中以微弱优势获胜。 3 "Radiant" she was already. I could dispense her enough pearls of wisdom to make her "well-spoken". “光彩照人”，她已经是了。而我也能施予她足够多的“智慧之珠”，让她变得“谈吐优雅”。 4 After a banner day out, I drove until we were situated under a big old oak tree on a hill off the expressway. What I had in mind was a little eccentric. I thought the venue with a perfect view of the luminous city would lighten the mood. We stayed in the car, and I turned down the stereo and took my foot off the brake pedal. "What are we going to talk about?" she asked. 在一起外出度过了美好的一天之后，我驱车来到了高速公路旁一座小山上一棵古老的大橡树下。我的想法有些怪异。而这个地方能够俯瞰灯火灿烂的城区，我觉得它会使人的心情变轻松。我们呆在车子里，我调低了音响并把脚从刹车上挪开。“我们要谈些什么？”她问道。 5 "Logic." “逻辑学。” 6 "Cool," she said over her gum. “好酷啊，”她一边嚼着口香糖一边说。 7 "The doctrine of logic," I said, "is a staple of clear thinking. Failures in logic distort the truth, and some of them are well known. First let's look at the fallacy Dicto Simpliciter." “逻辑学的原理，”我说道，“即清晰思考的主要原则。逻辑上出现的问题会歪曲事实，其中有些还很普遍。我们先来看看一种叫做‘绝对判断’的逻辑谬误。”

【艺术类院校大学英语第二册】课文翻译及课后答案

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大学英语四翻译

西蒙顿说，如果事业上取得巨大成就者具有什么共性的话 If great achievers share anything, said Simonton, it is an relenting drive to succeed. “There is an tendency to think that they are endowed with something super-normal,” he explained. “But what comes out of the research is that there are great people who have no amazing intellectual processes. It’s a difference in degree. Greatness is built upon tremend ous amounts of study, practice and devotion.” He cited Winston Churchill, Britain’s prime minister during World War II, as an example of a risk-taker who would never give up. Thrust into his office when his country’s moral was at its lowest, Churchill rose brilliantly to lead the British people. In a speech following the Allied evacuation at Dunkirk in 1940, he inspired to nation when he said, “We should not flag or fail. We shall go on to the end… We shall never surrender.” 一些人不愿表达感激之情，因为他们觉得这不会受欢迎。 Some person refrain from expressing their gratitude because they feel it will not be welcome. A patient of mine, a few weeks after his discharge from the hospital, came back to thank his nurse. “I don’t come sooner,” he explained, “because I imagined you must b e bored to death with people thanking you.” “On the contrary,” she replied, “I am delighted you came. Few realize how much we need encouragement and how much we are helped by those who give it.” Gratitude is something of which none of us can give too much. For on the smiles, the thanks we give, our little gestures of appreciation, our neighbors build up their philosophy of life. 一般西方人解决问题的方法是与之搏斗。 The normal Western approach to a problem is to fight it. The saying, “When the going gets tough, the toug h get going,” is typical of this aggressive attitude toward problem-solving. No matter what the problem is, or the techniques available for solving it, the framework produced by our Western way of thinking is fight.Dr.de Bono calls this vertical thinking; the traditional, sequential, Aristotelian thinking of logic, moving firmly from one step to the next, like toy blocks being built one on top of the other. The flaw is, of course, that if at any point one of the step is not reached, or one of the toy blocks is incorrectly placed, then the whole structure collapse. Impasse is reached, and frustration, tension, feelings of fight take over. Lateral thinking, Dr. de Bono says,is a new technique of thinking about things—a technique that avoids this fight altogether,and solves the problem In an entirely unexpected fashion. 学生的成绩达不到老师的期望是常有的事 When a student's work did not measure up to the teacher's expectations, as often happened, the student was not treated with disappointment, anger, or annoyance. Instead, the teacher assumed that this was an exception, an accident, a bad day, a momentary slip — and the student believed her and felt reassured. The next time around, he tried harder, determined to live up to what the teacher knew he could to. The exact part of communication that tells a child, "I expect the best," is difficult to pinpoint. In part it consists of a level tone showing assurance, a lack of verbal impatience, an absence of negative qualities such as irony, put-downs, and irritation.The teacher who expects the best asks her questions with conviction, knowing the answers she gets will be right, and the child picks up