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现代大学英语第一册教案unit1

现代大学英语第一册教案unit1
现代大学英语第一册教案unit1

A Short Introduction to Reading Strategies

--- How to deal with Text A in the course book

ⅠOn Texts

1. Methods for gaining new information by reading:

(a) Skimming (浏览)

(b) Scanning (略读)

(c) Close Reading (细读)

(d) Summarizing (归纳)

(e) Word-attack skills (猜词义)

2. Reading Differences

Achiever: someone who is successful, especially through skill and hard work. (尤指凭自己本领和努力)成功者。

High achiever:someone whose work is usually excellent or who usually succeeds, especially in school.事业成功的人(尤指学习成绩好的人)

(a) Low achievers: Usually they are in extremes. Their emphasis is whether on

content or on linguistic forms. They seldom combine them

together.

(b) High achievers: Their emphases vary in different tasks.

(i) In the first two times, they do not use dictionaries, and just

guess the meanings of new words; they only try to get the main

idea of the whole passage.

(ii) Later (for the third or fourth times), they pay more attention

to linguistic forms and the passage?s deep meanings as well as

the author?s intentions.

3. Proper steps for reading a passage like Text A

(a) Fist Time: Just scan the whole passage quickly so as to get the main idea.

(b) Second Time: Read closely in order to find reading difficulties; at the same

time, mark new words and unfamiliar phrases (sentence structures),

then guess the meanings.

(c) Third Time: Read the whole passage word by word and sentence by sentence

so as to master the new linguistic forms and the content.

Simultaneously use dictionaries to check your guessing in Step (b);

Do the exercises if necessary.

(d) Fourth Time: Closely read the whole passage again to figure out the author?s

intentions, attitudes, implied meanings, and ect.

4. Textbooks Vs. Outside Reading

(a) Textbooks

(i) Strong Points: The texts are well written and carefully selected; they use

formal language, and are of wide genres[???r?, ?(d)??nr?] 类型,

体裁, 风格. They introduce language points step by step, and

their difficulties gradually increase. The texts are especially useful

for building a sound basic knowledge about English.

(ii) Weak Points: The texts have limited vocabulary size; only reading these texts is hard to form good reading habits.

(b) Outside Reading

(i) Strong Points: They can enlarge your vocabulary size and enrich your

background knowledge; they are useful for forming reading

habits.

(ii) Weak Points: This kind of training lacks systematic and gradual training, so it is not good for building up your basic knowledge.

(c) Our Solutions

(i) Emphasize the importance of textbooks

(ii) Advocate outside reading like newspapers, stories, abridged books, ect.

(To be continued)

ⅡRequirements

Full Attendance;

Active Participation;

Assignments (Homework; Journals ;) Journals :a daily record of news and events of a personal nature; a diary日记;日志

English-English & Chinese-English Dictionaries;

Facilities: Radio; Recorder; Journal.

Lesson One Half a Day

I. Teaching Objectives

Compel the students to make use of the reading strategies explained before;

Let the students understand the way of fiction writing;

Make the pupils figure out the main idea of Text A;

Help the students learn the new vocabularies in the glossary part;

Let the students acquire two word-formation skills:

○a Verb + …-tion/ation/sion?Noun;

○b Adjective + …ly?Adverb;

Get the students familiar with the phrasal verb “MAKE & FIND”;

Consolidate the students? understanding of some prepositions like in, at, on, etc.; II. Teaching Process

1. Pre-class Activities

How was your first day at college? Was it hard for you? Who went to see you off at the railway station? Who came to school with you? How do you feel about your military training experience? How do you imagine your university life like?

Have you ever read or heard a fiction story? What was it? What are the common skills in fiction writing?

What do you think does the story “Half a Day” tell us? Why?

Background Information (40 minutes)

Naguib Mahfouz——Education & Background

Naguib Mahfouz was born on the 11th Dec. 1911 in an old quarter of Cairo, the youngest son of a merchant. He studied philosophy at King Faud I (now Cairo) University, graduating in 1934. He worked in university administration and then in 1939 he worked for the Mini-stry of Islamic Affairs. He was later Head of the State Cinema Organisation at the Ministry of Culture. He also worked as a journalist. Although widely translated, his works are not available in most Middle Eastern countries because of his support of Sadat's Camp David initiative. In 1994 he survived an assassination attempt by Islamic extremists.

背景知识(40分钟)

通过问答和讲解的方式,帮助学生了解

1.纳吉布?马福兹所受教育和一般背景;

He is married, has two daughters and lives in Cairo.

2.Naguib Mahfouz —— important works

Naguib Mahfouz was the first Arab to win the Nobel prize for literature, in 1988. He has been described as "a Dickens of the Cairo cafés" and "the Balzac of Egypt".

He is now the author of no fewer than 30 novels, more than 100 short stories, and more than 200 articles. Half of his novels have been made into films which have circulated throughout the Arabic-speaking world.

Mahfouz began writing when he was 17. His first novel was published in 1939 and ten more were written before the Egyptian Revolution of July 1952, when he stopped writing for several years. One novel was republished in 1953, however, and the appearance of The Cairo Trilogy in 1957 made him famous throughout the Arab world as a depictor of traditional urban life.

Works of his second writing period:

The Children of Gebelawi (1959)

The Thief and the Dogs (1961)

Autumn Quail (1962)

Small Talk on the Nile (1966)

Miramar (1967)

several collections of short stories.

3. Naguib Mahfouz —— how he pictures the world

The picture of the world as it emerges from the bulk of Mahfouz's work is very gloomy indeed, though not completely despondent. It shows that the author's social utopia is far from being realized.

Mahfouz seems to conceive of time as a metaphysical force of oppression. His novels have consistently shown time as the bringer of change, and change as a very painful process, and very often time is not content until it has dealt his heroes the final blow of death.

To sum up, in Mahfouz's dark tapestry of the world there are only two bright spots. These consists of man's continuing struggle for equality on the one hand and the promise of scientific progress on the other; meanwhile, life is a tragedy.

纳吉布?马福兹的主要著作:阿拉伯世界的第一位诺贝尔文学奖获得者;

纳吉布?马福兹笔下的世界: 无尽的拼搏与悲剧的人生

Based on the Nobel Prize Winner's novel, the Egyptian Naguib Mahfouz. The story, translated from El Cairo to Mexico City's downtown, narrates the life of the members of the neighbourhood and the connection between them Don Ru, the owner of the local pub; Eusebia, his wife; Guicho, his son and Abel his friend, who emigrate to USA in search of fortune; Susanita, the single landtender always dreaming to marry a good man; Jimmy, the pub's employee, who extracts the money when Don Ru is not

there and finally marries Susanita; Alma, the very good looking girl, the Abel's dream, who becomes a luxury prostitute while he's away, etc. This movie won the Ariel (the Mexican Oscar) as best movie in 1995

Introduction to the Text

1. Writing --- the protagonist returns after being absent for a short time to find

everything changed beyond recognition.

2. The best example --- Washington Irving?s (1783—1859) “Rip Van Winkle”. Rip

was a simple good-natured man. One fine day he went with his dog to the

mountains to hunt squirrels. He drank something a queer old man offered

him, he fell fast asleep. When he woke up he found himself an old man and

that great changes had occurred in his village during his absence. In the

village in the portrait of King George III had been replaced by one of General

Washington. This technique is often used to emphasize rapid changes in

society.

The setting of the story is not clear, but this is not import as long as what the author tries to get across is something universal.

3. This technique is often used to emphasized rapid changes in society.

Main Sections of the Text A

Part One (P1 to P7): The boy?s misgivings about school. He thought school was a punishment.

Part Two (P8 to P16): The boy?s rich and colorful life in school, though disciplines and hard word are required.

Part Three (P17 to P20): After school, the boy found the world has changed beyond measure; he turned to be an old man.

beyond measure

to a very great extent

不可估量,极度

it irritates him beyond measure.

这让他产生了极大的愤怒。

Detailed Discussion of the Text

1. clutch:(1) P1

vt. to hold sth. or sb. tightly, esp. because you are frightened, in pain, or do not want to lose something

grasp or seize (something) tightly or eagerly抓住,攫住,紧握,紧抓

he stood clutching a microphone.

他紧握话筒站着。

Clutching his right hand: This is a present participle used to modify the main verb “walking”, showing the manner in which the narrator walked.

clutch at (2)

to try hard to hold sth., esp. when you’re in

a dangerous situation

Example:

A drowning man will clutch at a straw.

(to try hard to find a sigh of hope or a solution, even when they are not likely to exist in a difficult or dangerous situation)

clutch (或grasp, catch) at straws

be in such a desperate situation as to resort to even the most unlikely means of salvation

捞救命稻草,作最后的绝望挣扎

2. They did not make me happy.

I wasn?t happy as I usually was when I had clothes to wear.

Here “they” refers to the narrator?s new clothes.

3. as this was the day I was to be thrown into school for the first time.

Because it was the day I started school.

as conj.意思接近于because, 在这里表示显而易见的原因。

I was to be thrown:修饰the day 的定语从句。在修饰the day, the week, the year 等表示时间的先行词的限定性定语从句中,一般用关系代词that 表示in which(when)或on which,但通常可以省略。Eg: It happened on the day (that ) I was born.

He was born in the year (that) the Second World War broke out.

The writer uses “to be thrown into school”to show that the little boy in the story didn?t want to go to school. He was forced by his father to do so. This is not a common collocation. A common collocation with “to be thrown into (an unpleasant place)” is “to be thrown into prison/jail”.

Cf. to throw sb. out (of a place): to force sb. to leave a place, e.g.

They?ll throw me out of school if I fail three exams.

Be to do: 通常表示根据安排将要做或将要发生的事情,如:

The president is to make a speech on Friday afternoon.

The wedding is to be held next Sunday.

Question: How did the boy feel about going to school?

He didn?t want to go to school because he thought school was a terrible place, and he felt he was forced to go by his father.

4. My mother stood at the window watching our progress, and I turned towards her from time to time, hoping she would help. P2

our progress: our slow and difficult movement towards the school. (My mother was anxious to know how my father would get me to go.)

from time to time: sometimes, but not very often, e.g.

The lecturer referred to his notes from time to time.

Question:What did he hope his mother would do? What does the sentence tell us about the boy?s relations with his parents?

He hoped his mother would stop his father taking him to school. It seems that the boy was closer to his mother. Probably his mother was gentle while his father was strict.

5. We walked along a street lined with gardens,…date palms. P2

We walked along a street where there were gardens along both sides and fields where crops, pears and date palms were planted.

Lined with and planted with crops: past participle phrase used here to modify a street and fields. It can be regarded as a relative clause cut short, e.g.

a novel (that was) written by Charles Dickens

personal computer (that are) made in China

date palms:椰枣树

date1

noun

the day of the month or year as specified by a number

日期

what's the date today?.

今天几号?。

6. why school? P3

Why do I have to go to school?/Why are you going to throw me into school?

This is an elliptical question. Such questions are common in conversation. E.g

A: We?ll go to Tianjin this weekend.

B: What for? (Why this weekend?/Why Tianjin?)

7. what have I done?p3

I don?t think I?ve done anything wrong to be punished like this.

(Little children often think that taking them away from Mom is the worst punishment.)

This is a rhetorical question-one that expresses strong feeling or opinion and does n?t require an answer. It is used to say something more positively than a statement would. 这类问句叫做修辞性疑问句rhetoric question.这种句子是以问题的形式来陈述一种强烈的观点,它实际上相当于陈述句,不需要回答。如:

Don?t you want to be useful like your brothers? P4 (I?m sure you want to be useful like your brother.)

8.It’s a place that makes useful men out of boys. P4

It?s a place that trains boys to be useful.

To make…(out )of sb./sth: to make sb./sth. Become…, e.g.

The army made a man of him.军队把它培养成了个男子汉。

8. convince

vt. to make sb. feel certain that sth. is true

Examples:

I couldn’t convince him of his mistake.

How can I convince you of my sincerity?

I managed to convince them that the storywas true.

a convincing argument

convincing evidence

9. I did not believe there was really any good to be had in tearing me away from my home and throwing me into the huge, high-walled building. P5

I didn?t think it was useful to take me away from home and put me into that building with high walls.

There is no good to be had in doing sth. Or It is no good/use doing sth.: it is not useful to do sth

e.g. It?s no good crying over spilt milk. (proverb)

to tear oneself/sb. Away from…: to (make sb.) leave a place or a person unwillingly because one has to, e.g. I could hardly tear myself away from the film.

10. …we could see the courtyard, vast and full of boys and girls. P6

Vast:用来指范围或面积大小,如a vast area, a vast country. 其反义词是small. vast and full of boys and girls修饰country. This adjective phrase modifies“the courtyard”. When use an attributive modifier, adjective phrases are often placed after the noun they qualify. E.g.

There?s nothing wrong with the computer.

两个或两个以上的形容词连用时可以后置。另外,形容词短语一般须后置,相当于定语从句。如:

Never have I seen a face so happy, sweet and radiant.

11. go in by yourself. P6

Go into the school alone. (I?m not going to accompany you.)

By oneself: alone, without anyone else.

12. put a smile on your face. P6

Make an effort to smile.

14. clung to his hand. P7

Held his hand tightly.

to cling to :to hold tightly; not release one?s grip on

Examples: The little child clung to his mother for comfort.

cling to the belief固守信念

cling to the hope抱着一线希望

cling to one?s own view坚持己见

cling to the habit固守着某种习惯

cling to one?s possessions坚守财产不肯放弃

15. “be a man,” he said. “Today you truly begin life.” P7

“be brave,” he said. “Your life begins today.” ( This means that your carefree无忧无虑的;没有责任的days are gone forever. Starting from today, you?ve got something

important to do-to learn and to prepare yourself for the rest of your life.)

Man: a person who is strong and brave or has other qualities that people think are characteristic of males, e.g. People found that his wife was more a man than he was. To be man enough (to do sth./for sth.): to be strong or brave enough, e.g.

He?s man enough to fight against this deadly disease.

16. you?ll find me waiting for you when it?s time to leave.

I?ll come to fetch you when school is over. I?ll be waiting for you here at the gate. Here the present participle “waiting for you” is used as object complement.宾补

17. Then the faces of the boys and girls came into view. P8

Then I could see the faces of the boys and girls.

To come into view: to begin to be seen, e.g..

As soon as we turned the corner, the palace came into view.

18. I felt I was a stranger who had lost his way. P8

In this strange place, I felt confused and didn?t know what to do.

To lose one?s way: to become lost, e.g.

The boys lost their way in the forest.

19. in curiosity: “in” is used to show the feelings you have when you do something(in 表示做某事时带有的感情) e.g. in horror in excitement

20. burst into tears: to suddenly begin to cry

e.g. burst into song/laughter burst into applause burst into flames突然开始熊熊燃烧burst into fame

21. A lady came along, followed by a group of men.

Probably the lady was the head teacher of the school.

followed by a group of men.: a past participle phrase that tells us how the lady came (or in what manner the lady came)

22. The men began sorting us into ranks. P11

The men began arranging us into lines/rows.

Sort into: to put things in a particular order or separate them into groups.

e.g. The teacher sorted the children into teams.

23. We were formed into an intricate pattern…

We were made to stand in different places to form regular lines or shapes in the big courtyard with high buildings around it.

intricate

a. containing many detailed parts which make it difficult to understand Examples: It is an intricate idea and would need a lot of intricate work.

24. from each floor we were overlooked…

On one side of the courtyard was a building with a long wood-roofed balcony on each floor where we could be seen./from the balcony on each floor of the building people could see us.

overlook

vt. a. to have a view of sth. from above俯视,眺望

b. to fail to see or notice; pay no attention to忽视,忽略;看漏

Our room overlooks the ocean.

?I?m afraid I overlooked your name; I?ll add it to the list immediately.

Synonyms neglect

ignore

over- (1): to excess; too much

overtalk

overpraise

overpay

overuse

overdrink

overeat

overwork overcharge

over- (2): above; across; beyond

overbridge overcoat overshoe overfly oversea(s) overleap overlook over- (3): upset

overturn overthrow overset In wood : in 表示所用的原料,材料, 和in curiosity 中的 in 不同。如: a statue in marble 一做大理石像 a book bound in leather 一本皮面精装书 Question: What does the description of the school suggest about the place?

It suggests that school was a place where the children were to be trained and disciplined and where they were to begin their new life.

25. There are mothers and fathers here, too

Q: what did the lady mean?

She meant that the teachers at school would take care of the children like their own mothers and fathers.

26. well, it seemed that my misgivings had had no basis.

Well, perhaps my doubt, worry and fear about what school would be like were all groundless.

Well, it seemed that I was wrong to think that school was a dreadful place. Q: why did he say so?

He found that school life was quite enjoyable, and he could learn a lot at school and make many friends there. Therefore, his fear about going to school was totally groundless.

27. from the first moments …

This is a humorous remark to suggest that the boy ?s attitude towards school changed a great deal.

注意:文章从这里起讲的已不是开学半天内的事情了。

28. I had never imagined school would …

过分多言 过奖 多付(钱款) 使用过度 饮酒过甚 吃得过多 过度劳累 索价太高 跨线桥;天桥

外套;外衣

套鞋

飞越

海外的

跳过

俯视

倾覆,倾倒

推翻

翻转;翻倒

I had never thought life at school would be so colorful and interesting.

variety (1)

n. number or range of different things

a variety of

Examples: The T-shirts are available可利用的;可获得的in a wide variety of colors.

29. we were told the story of the creator of the universe.

We were told how God created the world in 7 days. This refers to the religious instruction the pupils received at the school.

30. go on with sth.

31. our path, however,…

However, school life wasn?t just fun and pleasure.

Q: what did he mean?

He meant that there were not only games and friendship at school but also serious tasks and unpleasant things.

32. It was not all a matter of playing and …

What we did at school wasn?t just playing and wasting time doing nothing useful. All: adv. completely

A matter of doing sth.: simply; no more than

Some people like pop music while others prefer classic music. It?s a matter of taste. fool around; to spend your time doing nothing useful 无所事事

If you go to college, you must work hard, not fool around.

要是你上大学, 就得好好学习, 不能虚度光阴。

33. Rivalries could bring about pain and hatred … p15

Competition could lead to pain, hatred, or fighting.

To bring about: to cause sth. to happen

E.g. The crisis brought about the fall of the government.

To give rise to: (formal) to cause sth. to happen引起;导致

e.g. The epidemic(流行病)has given rise to a general panic.

Q: what does “rivalry” mean in the context?

It means the competition among peers同辈;同龄人in the same class or grade. 34. and while the lady would sometimes smile, …

Though the lady sometimes smiled at us, she often shouted at us and scolded us.

“W hile” here is a conjunction of concession. 在这里相当于although.

While I usually stay at home on Sundays, I will sometimes go fishing.

“W ould”: here is used to show that a past action occurs pretty often. 用来表示在过去某一阶段经常发生的动作

Physical punishment: It was a common practice in the old days when people believed in “spare the rod, 棍棒spoil the child.” (谚)孩子不打不成器

To resort to sth.:

常去resort to the seaside常去海滨

Make use of用(手段); 诉诸(法律)诉resort to force

35. In addition, the time for changing one?s mind was over and gone and there was no question of ever returning to the paradise of home.

There is no question (of doing): there is no possibility

Besides, it was impossible for us to quit school and return to the good old days when we stayed home playing and fooling around all day. Our childhood was gone, never to come back.

36. Nothing lay ahead of us but exertion, struggle, and perseverance.

nothing but: only

We would have to do our best and keep working very hard until we finished school. This is what I imagined our school days would be like. Or

The kind of life that was waiting for us at school would be full of exertion, struggle and perseverance.

37. Those who were able took advantage of the opportunities for success and happiness that presented themselves.

to present itself/ themselves: (formal) to appear, happen

If there came opportunities, capable students would seize them to achieve success and happiness.

38. in vain: uselessly

白费地, 徒劳无益地

We tried in vain to make him change his mind. 我们试图使他改变主意, 结果是白费心机。

39. on one?s own: alone

40. came to a startled halt: stopped, greatly surprised.

To come to a halt: to stop

41. when did all these cars invade it?

When did all these cars come into the street?

To invade: enter (a place, situation, or sphere of activity) in large numbers, especially with intrusive effect涌入,大批进入

Q: What does “invade” suggest about the protagonist?s feelings?

He was shocked at the scene which showed that he did not quite like the consequences of urbanization. making or becoming urban in character使城市化,使都市化

42. how did these hills….

How did the street come to be covered with so much rubbish on both sides? Where did it come from?

Find one?s way: to arrive or get to a place设法到达

43. high buildings had taken over…

High buildings now stood where there used to be fields that bordered the street.

To take over: replace取而代之

44. …here and there stood conjurers…

This is an inverted sentence. The subject is conjurers; the main verb is stood. Inversion occurs because the subject is too long. The two present participle phrases “showing” and “making” modify the subject “conjurers”.

Show off: (informal)make a deliberate or pretentious display of one's abilities or accomplishments(非正式)炫耀;卖弄

here and there: in various places

45. in a daze : Unable to think clearly 茫然,恍惚;

46. how could all this have happened …

Could have happened 用于否定句和疑问句时,表示过去不太可能发生过某事或对此表示怀疑, 如:we couldn ?t have done better. 我们不可能做得更好了。 Where could she have gone? 她会上哪儿去了呢?

47. …but the stream of cars would not let up.

But it looked as if the line of moving cars would never stop.

To let up: (informal)(of something undesirable) become less intense or severe (非正式)(不快之事)减小,缓和

the rain's letting up —it'll be clear soon. 雨越下越小,马上就会放晴。

48. extremely irritated,…

I was very angry and did n?t know when I could cross the street.

extremely irritated denotes the state of the old man when he was waiting to cross the street.

Understand the author ’s implied meaning by studying the following phrases and sentences.

Clutch/cling his hand: Fear;

Be thrown into school: Unwillingly;

Why school? What have I done? Punishment

Huge, high-walled building: Prison

Sometimes smile, often yell and scold: Strict;

… cars invaded it; hills of rubbish; not let up: hatred of the industrial civilization;

Text Analysis

Plot : a little boy’s first time to go to school

Setting : on the way to school

at school

on the way home

Protagonists : “I” –

the boy in the story

Writing techniques

: go to Writing devices

Theme of the story: go to the next page

Thematic Analysis

Everything is changing!

1. All my clothes are new.

2. School makes useful men out of boys.

3. My misgivings had had no basis.

4. Our path was not totally sweet and unclouded.

5. The lady would sometimes smile, but yell and scold often.

6. The streets lined with the gardens disappeared.

7. I turned out to be a grandpa.

How do you understand the following quotes?

Education has for its object the formation of character.

—Spencer, Herbert 教育以造就人的品质为其目标。

—斯宾塞(英格兰哲学家)Education is a progressive discovery of our own ignorance.

—W. Durant

教育是一个逐步发现自己无知的过程。

—杜兰特(美国历史学家、散文家)Education makes a people easy to lead, but difficult to drive; easy to

govern but impossible to slave.

—H. P. Brougham 教育使一个国家的人民容易领导,但是难于驱使;容治理,却不可奴役。

—布罗厄姆(英国政治家)

2.5 Exercises

Ⅱ. V ocabulary: Encourage students to find some word-formation rules, e.g., nouns to verbs and vice versa, adjectives to adverbs and vice versa; Let the students find the antonyms of Exercise 2; Make students familiar with the phrasal verb “make”.

Ⅲ. Grammar: Explain Exercise 2 and 4 in detail; Let the students know the correct answers of Exercise 5& 6.

2.6 After-class Activities/Assignments

Make the students write a short summary of Text A;

Make a dictation of new words and phrases to the pupils;

Make the students tell a fiction in English the next period;

Recite Paragraph 14, 15 and 16;

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He left with the water running. 分析: saying 前无名词,则是主语发出 saying 的动作; running 前有 water,因此是 water 发出 running 的动作,而不是句子的主语 he。

大学英语第一册第一课

UNIT 1 Want to know how to improve your grades without having to spend more time studying? Sounds too good to be true? Well, read on... How to Improve Y our Study Habits Perhaps you are an average student with average intelligence. Y ou do well enough in school, but you probably think you will never be a top student. This is not necessarily the case, however. Y ou can receive better grades if you want to. Y es, even students of average intelligence can be top students without additional work. Here's how: 1. Plan your time carefully. Make a list of your weekly tasks. Then make a schedule or chart of your time. Fill in committed(指定的时间)time such as eating, sleeping, meetings, classes, etc. Then decide on good, regular times for studying. Be sure to set aside enough time to complete your normal reading and work assignments. Of course, studying shouldn't occupy all of the free time on the schedule. It's important to set aside time for relaxation, hobbies, and entertainment as well. This weekly schedule may not solve all of your problems, but it will make you more aware of how you spend your time. Furthermore, it will enable you to plan your activities so that you have adequate time for both work and play. Plan your time carefully: topic sentence Supporting sentences 展开句 Fill in/out :write in; complete sth by putting whatever is needed Listen carefully and fill in the numbers you’ve heard from the tape. decide on: choose from two or more possibilities or make a decision about I’ve decided on leaving for New Y ork the day after tomorrow. Be sure (to do sth): not fail (to do sth) Be sure to leave adequate time for play. Be sure to write to us as soon as you get there. Be sure not to be late again. set aside:keep or save for special use or purpose Why don’t you set aside some money so that you can use it when you’re in need? as well: also , too This book tells Lu Hsun’s writings, and his life as well. With the changes in their social role, women’s position in the family has been improved as well. Be/ become aware of: know sth; know(what is happening) Are you aware of the importance of learning a foreign language? 2. Find a good place to study. Choose one place for your study area. It may be a desk or a chair at home or in the school library, but it should be comfortable, and it should not have distractions. When you begin to work, you should be able to concentrate on the subject. concentrate on/ upon : give all one’s attention or efforts, etc. to I can’t concentrate on my studies, for I’m homesick.思乡 Airsick晕飞机 seasick 晕船 3. Skim before you read. This means looking over a passage quickly before you begin to read it more carefully. As you preview the material, you get some idea of the content and how it is organized. Later when you begin to read you will recognize less important material and you may skip some of these portions. Skimming helps double your reading speed and improves your comprehension as well. Look over: examine; inspect I looked hurriedly over the apples in the basket and took one that looked good. They looked over several kinds of new bikes before making up their minds to buy. My sister is busy looking over her mail. 4. Make good use of your time in class. Listening to what the teacher says in class means less work later. Sit where you can see and hear well. Take notes to help you remember what the teacher says.

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